ISSN 2320 - 2599

Volume 6, No. 1, January February 2017

International Journal of Microwaves Applications
Richa Gupta, International JournalOnline
Available of Microwaves Applications, 6(1), January February 2017, 1 4
at http://www.warse.org/IJMA/static/pdf/file/ijma01612017.pdf

Various Design analysis of Microstrip patch embedded with

Cylindrical Dielectric Resonator Antenna
Richa Gupta
Department of Electronics and Commmunication
Ansal University
richa1611@rediffmail.com

Abstract In this paper,investigations have been done on .

hybrid design of patch and DRA antenna.Various models of
hybrid combination of Patch and DRA have been designed . The
designconsists of cylindrical DRA antenna when patch is at the
bottom of DRA. In the other design the patch is inserted at the
top and bottom of DRA. In the third design investigations have
been done whenDRA materialis added with silicon oil.It has
been investigated that gain of antenna can be enhanced by
employing dual combination of DRA and Patch. The gain of
antenna increases from 3.443 dB to 9.47 dB.
2. CYLINDRICAL DRA ANTENNAANTENNA DESIGN
Investigations have been done on various cylindrical DRA
design. The design 1 consists of cylindrical DRA antenna
when patch is at the bottom of DRA. In the other design the
patch is inserted at the top and bottom of DRA. In the third
design DRA materialis added with silicon oil.

Keywords: DRA,Patch,ReflectionCoefficien,Cylindrical,Radiation
2.1 DESIGN OF CYLINDRICAL DRA ANTENNA WHEN
pattern
PATCH IS AT THE BOTTOM OF DRA

Figure. 1 presented the view of DRA Antenna. The design

1. INTRODUCTION
consists of PPR (Propylene Random Copolymer Pipes) tubes
The wireless communication field is very vast and growing of heights (H=5 mm) and Radius (R=12 mm) and Permittivity
with very fast pace. The need of antenna is an integral part of ( )=27.It is mounted on patch of Radius (R=12
wireless communication. There have been revolutionary mm).S11Reflection Coefficient measured -15.04 dB at 5.7635
developments in this field in the last decade. The stringent GHz as shown in Figure .2. Figure. 3 shows the gain of -
requirements need advanced developments in this field of 3.443 dB at 5.8GHz.Impedence matching is there as shown in
antenna having low profile, high gain and ultra large Figure.4.
bandwidth with some amount of reconfigurability. A patch
antenna is a narrowband, wide-beam antenna fabricated by
etching the antenna element pattern in metal trace bonded to
an insulating dielectric substrate, such as a printed circuit
board, with a continuous metal layer bonded to the opposite
side of the substrate which forms a ground plane. Common
microstrip antenna shapes are square, rectangular, circular and
elliptical, but any continuous shape is possible[1]. The DRA is
an open resonating structure, fabricated from a low loss
microwave dielectric material. Dielectric resonators (DRs)
have proved themselves to be ideal candidates for antenna
applications by virtue of their high radiation efficiency,
flexible feed arrangement, simple geometry, small size and the Figure.1 Design of cylindrical DRA antenna when patch is at
ability to produce different radiation pattern using different the bottom of DRA
modes[2][3][4].The major problem with DRA and patch is
low gain.In this paper,it has been investigated that gain of Ansoft
Name LLC X
0.00 5.7635 -15.0414
m1
Y XY Plot 1 HFSSDesign1
Curve Inf o
m2 7.2144 -20.9902

antenna can be enhanced by employing dual combination of -2.50

dB(S(1,1))
Setup1 : Sw eep1

DRA and Patch. -5.00

-7.50

The designed antenna are simulated using Ansoft High

dB(S(1,1))

-10.00

frequency simulator (HFSS) -12.50

The complete paper is organized as follows. Section 2 -15.00 m1

-17.50

provides various antenna design structure. The discussion -20.00

m2

about the results have been presented in Section 3.The result is -22.50
4.00 4.50 5.00 5.50 6.00 6.50 7.00 7.50 8.00
Freq [GHz]

concluded in section 4. Figure. 2S11 Plotof cylindrical DRA antenna when

patch is at the bottom of DRA

1
 Richa Gupta, International Journal of Microwaves Applications, 6(1), January February 2017, 1 4
Ansoft
Name LLC X Y XY Plot 1 HFSSDesign1
m10.00 6.7014 -17.1847 Curve Inf o
Ansoft
Name LLCTheta Ang Mag Radiation Pattern 2 HFSSDesign1 dB(S(1,1))
m1 0.0000 0.0000 3.4433 0 Curve Inf o Setup1 : Sw eep1

-30 30
GainTotal -2.50
Setup1 : Sw eep1
4.80 Freq='5.803607214GHz' Phi='0deg'
GainTotal
Setup1 : Sw eep1
3.60
m1 Freq='5.803607214GHz' Phi='90deg'
-60 60 -5.00
2.40

1.20 -7.50

dB ( S (1 ,1 ) )
-90 90

-10.00

-120 120 -12.50

-150 150 -15.00

-180

m1
-17.50
4.00 4.50 5.00 5.50 6.00 6.50 7.00 7.50 8.00
Freq [GHz]
Figure.3 Radiation Pattern of cylindrical DRA antenna when
Figure .6 S11 Plot of cylindrical DRA antenna when patch is
patch is at the bottom of DRA
at the top and bottom of DRA
Ansoft
Name LLC X Y XY Plot 2 HFSSDesign1
70.00
m1 5.7395 50.9589 Curve Inf o
dB20(Z(1,1))
Setup1 : Sw eep1

60.00

Ansoft
Name LLCTheta Ang Mag Radiation Pattern 2 HFSSDesign1
m1 m1 0.0000 0.0000 9.6078 Curve Inf o
0
50.00 m1 GainTotal
-30 30 Setup1 : Sw eep1
dB20(Z(1,1))

8.00 Freq='5.803607214GHz' Phi='0deg'

GainTotal
40.00 Setup1 : Sw eep1
6.00 Freq='5.803607214GHz' Phi='90deg'
-60 60
4.00
30.00
2.00

20.00 -90 90

10.00
4.00 4.50 5.00 5.50 6.00 6.50 7.00 7.50 8.00
Freq [GHz]
-120 120

Figure .4 Impedance Plot of cylindrical DRA antenna when

-150 150
patch is at the bottom of DRA -180

Figure.7 Radiation Pattern of cylindrical DRA

2.2 DESIGN OF CYLINDRICAL DRA ANTENNA WHEN antenna when patch is at the top and bottom of DRA
PATCH IS AT THE TOP AND BOTTOM OF DRA

Ansoft
Name LLC X Y XY Plot 1 HFSSDesign1
m10.00 6.7014 -16.8521
Figure 5 shows the design of DRA antenna when patch Curve Inf o
dB(S(1,1))
Setup1 : Sw eep1

another is inserted at the top of DRA.Figure .6 shows -2.50

S11Reflection Coefficient measured 17.18 dB at 6.7014 -5.00

GHzand gain of 9.6078 dB. is shown in Figure. 7.

-7.50
d B ( S ( 1 ,1 ))

-10.00

-12.50

-15.00

m1
-17.50
4.00 4.50 5.00 5.50 6.00 6.50 7.00 7.50 8.00
Freq [GHz]

Figure 8. Impedance plot of

cylindrical DRA antenna when patch is at
the top and bottom of DRA
Figure 5. Design of cylindrical DRA antenna when patch is
at the top and bottom of DRA 2.3 DESIGN OF CYLINDRICAL DRA ANTENNA WHEN
PATCH IS AT THE TOP AND BOTTOM OF DRA AND DRA
MATERIALADDED WITH SILICON OIL

For the further investigations, silicon oil is added in

DRA.S11 Reflection Coefficient measured -16.8 dB.at
6.701 GHz is shown in Figure. 10 and Gain of 9.4764 dB
is shown in Figure. 11.Impedence match plot is shown in
Figure.12.

2
 Richa Gupta, International Journal of Microwaves Applications, 6(1), January February 2017, 1 4
Ansoft
Name LLC X Y XY Plot 2 HFSSDesign1
70.00
m1 6.5731 50.9869 Curve Info
m2 6.7415 45.5812 dB20(Z(1,1))
Setup1 : Sweep1

60.00

m1
50.00
m2

d B 2 0 (Z (1 ,1 ))
40.00

30.00

20.00

Figure. 9 Design of cylindrical DRA antenna when patch is at

10.00
the top and bottom of DRA and DRA material added with 4.00 4.50 5.00 5.50 6.00
Freq [GHz]
6.50 7.00 7.50 8.00

silicon oil Figure.12 Impedance plot of cylindrical DRA antenna when

patch is at the top and bottom of DRA and DRA material
added with silicon oil
Ansoft
Name LLC X Y XY Plot 1 HFSSDesign1
m10.00 6.7014 -16.8521 Curve Inf o
dB(S(1,1))
Setup1 : Sw eep1
-2.50
3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
-5.00
The various results of S11 Reflection Coefficient, resonating
-7.50 frequency and gain are summarized in Table 1. The gain of
d B ( S ( 1 ,1 ))

-10.00
antenna can be enhanced by employing dual combination of
DRA and Patch.The gain of antenna increases from 3.443 dB
-12.50
to 9.47 dB
-15.00

m1
-17.50
4.00 4.50 5.00 5.50 6.00 6.50 7.00 7.50 8.00
Freq [GHz] S.NO Design Description S11(dB) Resonating Gain (dB)
Figure. 10 S11Plot of cylindrical DRA antenna frequency(GHz)
when patch is at the top and bottom of DRA and DRA 1. -15.4 5.7635 3.443
Design of cylindrical
material added with silicon oil DRA antenna when
patch is at the bottom
of DRA

2. -17.18 6.7014 9.6078

Ansoft
Name LLCTheta
m1 0.0000
Ang
0.0000
Mag
9.4764
Radiation Pattern 2 HFSSDesign1
Design of cylindrical
0 Curve Inf o

-30
m1
30
GainTotal
Setup1 : Sw eep1
DRA antenna when
8.00 Freq='5 .803607214GHz' Phi='0deg'
GainTotal
Setup1 : Sw eep1
patch is at the top and
6.00
-60 60
Freq='5 .803607214GHz' Phi='90deg'
bottom of DRA
4.00

2.00

-90 90 3. -16.18 6.7014 9.47

Design of cylindrical
DRA antenna when
-120 120 patch is at the top
and bottom of DRA
-150

-180
150
and DRA material
added with silicon
Figure. 11 Radiation Pattern of cylindrical
oil
DRA antenna when patch is at the top and bottom of DRA
and DRA material added with silicon oil

4. CONCLUSION
This paper proposes the technique to enhance the gain of an
antenna.Investigations have been done on hybrid combination
of cylindrical DRA and patch antenna design . The design 1
consists of cylindrical DRA antenna when patch is at the
bottom of DRA. In the other design the patch is inserted at the
top and bottom of DRA. In the third design DRA material is

3
 Richa Gupta, International Journal of Microwaves Applications, 6(1), January February 2017, 1 4
added with silicon oil. Most of the frequencies in GHz range
have been sparingly used worldwide, though, this frequency
band provides additional features like large bandwidth and
high capacity. Major area of concern at these frequencies band
is the high propagation losses, which can be overcome by high
gain of the designed antenna. This kind of antenna can also be
used where protection against environment is required.As a
future work,investigations can be done on other shapes of
DRA like hemispherical, cylindrical, rectangular,
triangular. Investigations can also be done on other shapes of
DRA.

REFERENCES

[1] C. A. Balanis, Antenna Theory, Analysis and

Design, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1997
[2] A petosa, A. Ittipiboon, Y.M. M. Antar, D. Rossoe
and M. Cuhaci, Recent advances in dielectric
resonator antenna technology, IEEE Antennas
Propagat. Mag., Vol.40 pp 35-48 June 1998
[3] G.H. Huff, D. L. Rolando, P. Walters, and J.
McDonald, A Frequency Reconfigurable Dielectric
Resonator Antenna using Colloidal Dispersions in
IEEE Antenna and Wireless Propagation Letters, vol.
9, 2010
[4] Petosa, A. Ittipiboon, and Y. Antar, Broadband
dielectric resonator antennas, in Dielectric
Resonator Antennas, U.K.: Research Studies Press
Ltd., 2003.