FLUJO ISENTRPICO

FLUIDO: Aire
Calor espcifico a presin constante =
Calor espcifico a volumen constante =
Constante particular del gas = 287.13
Constante Isentrpica , K = 1.4
Peso molecular del gas =
Constante universal =

Condiciones de Reservorio:

Temperatura de Estancamiento, To = 373 Kelvin

Presin de Estancamiento, po = 800 kPa

A1 = 20 cm 2 AG
p1 = 47 kPa A2 = 9 cm 2 A3 = 9 cm 2

A1
A2 A3

Aire
po = 800 kPa

To = 100C

M1 = MG = m= kg / s

M2 = M3 =

k 1
k 1
373 k 1 2 800 k o
1 M
T 2 47
Reservorio

Estado ( Seccin) A1 A2
Presin (kPa) 800 47 627.154
Temperatura (kelvin) 373 165.957466 347.94
Densidad (kg / m3) 0.986330566 6.27757
rea ( cm 2) 20 9
Nmero de Mach 2.497562655 0.6001
Velocidad del sonido (m/s) 258.2864961 373.986
Velocidad del flujo 645.086707 224.429
Flujo msico (kg/s) 1.272537474 1.2725
REA DE CLCULO 9.0323

1,41
1,41
373 1, 4 1 800 1,4 O
1
TG 2 pG G
Nmero de Mach asumido M2 = 0.7695

k 1
k 1
373 k 1 800 k o
1 0, 42
T2 2 p2 2

Nmero de Mach asumido M2 = 0.98

 Reservorio
Parmetro

rea, cm 2 A
Presin, kPa p
Temperatura, K T
Densidad, kg/m3
Velocidad del sonido, m/s C
Nmero de Mach M
Velocidad del flujo, m/s V
Gasto msico, (kg / m3) / s G

m= kg / s

AG A3
 422.6254 214.038
310.8333 255.923
4.735321 2.91275
7.602458 9
1 1.5124
353.4818 320.743
353.4818 485.092
1.27254 1.27254 1.2716568553
9.0062

1,41
O
G
A1 Izquierdo

A2
Garganta
A3

A1 Derecho
As
EJEMPLO 9.020: Aire a 1 MPa y 550 C ingresa a una tobera convergente con una velocidad
de 10 m/s. Para una contrapresin de 0,7 Mpa, 0,4 MPa y 0,2 MPa, determine:
a. El flujo msico y el nmero de Mach a la salida de la tobera subsnica,
b. La fuerza del chorro de aire
TOBERA CONVERGENTE
As = 50 cm 2
i S K=
R=
po = 1.00E+06 Pa

T0 = 823 k pB= 7.00E+05

m=

p1 = 1000000 Pa Ms =
T1 = 550 C ps = Pa
V1 = 10 m/s Ts = K C=
Vs = m/s
pB / p0 0.7
FLUJO SUBSNICO
p* / p0 0.528282
k 1
k 1
To k 1 po k o p* 2
1 M 2 (
T 2 p p0 k
Ms = 0.732395
ps = 7.00E+05 Pa
Ts = 743.26 K
Cs = 546.48 m/s
Vs = 400.24 m/s
Ds = 3.280 kg/m3
ms = 6.564 kg/s

RPTA:
pB Ms m Fch
MPa kg/m3 N
0.7 0.73239 6.564
0.4 1 7.041
0.2 1 7.041
n una velocidad

1.4
287.13

Pa

kg /s

k
p* 2
( ) k 1
p0 k 1
MECNICA DE FLUIDOS II UNIDAD: Flujo Compresible CLASE 17: nnnnnnnnnn

TABLA 9.1 PROPIEDADES DE VARIOS GASES IDEALES

A TEMPERATURA DE 300 K (UNIDADES SI)
FRMULA MASA R Cp Cv PCS PCI PCS PCI
GAS QUMICA MOLECULAR
DR K p*/po
kJ/kg-K kJ/kg-K kJ/kg-K [Kcal/kg] [Kcal/kg] [KJ/kg] [KJ/kg]
Acetylene C2H2 26.038 0.31930 1.6986 1.3793 1.2314942362 0.5584
Air 28.970 0.28713 1.0035 0.7165 1.4005582694 0.5282
Ammonia NH3 17.031 0.48819 2.13 1.6418 1.2973565599 0.5462
Argon Ar 39.948 0.20813 0.5203 0.3122 1.6665598975 0.4872
Butane C4H10 58.124 0.14304 2.00610 1.7164 1.5734 1.0908859794 0.5866 13046 12029 54621 50363
Carbon dioxide CO2 44.010 0.18892 1.51890 0.8418 0.6529 1.289324552 0.5477 0 0 0 0

Carbon monoxide CO 28.010 0.29683 1.0413 0.7445 1.3986568167 0.5285

Ethane C2H6 30.070 0.27656 1.03780 1.7662 1.4897 1.1856078405 0.5673 13262 21106 55525 88367
Ethanol C2H5OH 46.069 0.18048 1.427 1.246 1.1452648475 0.5753

Ethylene C2H4 28.054 0.29637 1.5482 1.2518 1.2367790382 0.5574

Helium He 4.003 2.07703 5.1926 3.1156 1.666645269 0.4871
Hidrogen H2 2.016 4.12418 0.06950 14.2091 10.0849 1.4089480312 0.5268 35824 30186 149988 126383
Methane CH4 16.043 0.51835 0.55370 2.2537 1.7354 1.2986631324 0.5460 14050 12635 58825 52900
Methanol CH3OH 32.042 0.25948 1.405 1.1455 1.2265386294 0.5594
Neon Ne 20.183 0.41195 1.0299 0.6179 1.666774559 0.4871
Nitrogen N2 28.013 0.29680 0.96690 1.0416 0.7448 1.3984962406 0.5285 0 0
Nitrous oxide N2O 44.013 0.18891 0.8793 0.6904 1.2736095017 0.5505
n-octane C8H18 114.230 0.07279 1.7113 1.6385 1.0444308819 0.5966

Oxygen O2 31.999 0.25983 1.10440 0.9216 0.6618 1.3925657298 0.5295 0 0 0 0

Propane C3H8 44.097 0.18855 1.52190 1.6794 1.4909 1.1264336978 0.5792 13061 12004 54684 50258
Steam H2O 18.015 0.46152 1.8723 1.4108 1.3271193649 0.5409
Sulfur dioxide SO2 64.059 0.12979 0.6236 0.4938 1.2628594573 0.5525
Sulfur trioxide SO3 80.058 0.10386 0.6346 0.5307 1.1957791596 0.5653

GN (90 - 10 ) 21.654 0.4216340 0.747 2.059 1.637 1.253 0.55450

GLP (60 P-40 B) 49.708 0.170346 1.715580 1.694 1.524 1.112 0.58215 13055 12014 54659 50300
GLP (85 P-15 B) 46.201 0.181724 1.594530 1.685 1.503 1.121 0.58030 13059 12008 54674 50274

k
Cp Cv R Cp p* 2 MECNICA DE FLUIDOS II
K ( ) k 1
Jorge Sifuentes Sancho
Cv p0 k 1

Jorge Sifuentes Sancho

MEDICIN DE FLUJO INCOMPRESIBLE
BANCO DE TUBERAS
p amb
T amb

DATOS
BOMBA TANQUE
B1 P= [kW] 1a= [cm]
HB = [m] b= [cm]
B1 P= [kW] 2a= [cm]
HB = [m] b= [cm]

BOMBA TANQUE
H t
psig [cm] [min] [s]
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
MEDICIN DE FLUJO INCOMPRESIBLE
BANCO DE TUBERAS
p amb
T amb

BOMBA TANQUE
B1 P= [kW] 1a= [cm]
HB = [m] b= [cm]
B1 P= [kW] 2a= [cm]
HB = [m] b= [cm]

BOMBA TANQUE
H t
psig [cm] [min] [s]
1
2
3
4
5
6
7

BOMBA TANQUE
B1 P= [kW] 1a= [cm]
HB = [m] b= [cm]
B1 P= [kW] 2a= [cm]
HB = [m] b= [cm]

BOMBA TANQUE
H t
psig [cm] [min] [s]
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
[psia]
[C]

MEDIDOR

d= [cm]
D= [cm]

VENTURI
h
[cm de Hg]
[psia]
[C]

MEDIDOR

d= [cm]
D= [cm]

ORIFICIO
h
[cm de Hg]

MEDIDOR

d= [cm]
D= [cm]

TOBERA
h
[cm de Hg]
MEDICIN DE FLUJO INCOMPRESIBLE
BANCO DE TUBERAS
p amb
T amb

DATOS
BOMBA TANQUE
B1 P= [kW] 1 a= [cm]
HB = [m] b= [cm]
B1 P= [kW] 2 a= [cm]
HB = [m] b= [cm]

BOMBA: B1 TANQUE
MANMETRO H t
[m] psig [cm] [min] [s]
1
2
3
4
5
6
7

BOMBA TANQUE
B1 P= [kW] 1 a= [cm]
HB = [m] b= [cm]
B1 P= [kW] 2 a= [cm]
HB = [m] b= [cm]

BOMBA: B2 TANQUE
MANMETRO H t
[m] psig [cm] [min] [s]
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
MEDICIN DE FLUJO INCOMPRESIBLE
BANCO DE TUBERAS
p amb
T amb

BOMBA TANQUE
B1 P= [kW] 1 a= [cm]
HB = [m] b= [cm]
B1 P= [kW] 2 a= [cm]
HB = [m] b= [cm]

BOMBA: SERIE TANQUE

MANMETRO H t
[m] [psig] [cm] [min] [s]
1
2
3
4
5
6
7

BOMBA TANQUE
B1 P= [kW] 1 a= [cm]
HB = [m] b= [cm]
B1 P= [kW] 2 a= [cm]
HB = [m] b= [cm]

B: PARALELO TANQUE
MANMETRO H t
[m] psig [cm] [min] [s]
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
CURVA CARACTERSTICA DE LAS BOMBA

BOMBA: B1
CAUDAL ALTURA
m 3
/s [m]
1
2
3
4
5
6
7

BOMBA: B2
CAUDAL ALTURA
m 3
/s [m]
1
2
3
4
5
6
7

BOMBA: SERIE
CAUDAL ALTURA
m 3
/s [m]
1
2
3
4
5
6
7

BOMBA: PARALELO
CAUDAL ALTURA
m 3
/s [m]
1
2
3
4
5
6
7