Biology 10

Osmosis Lab Report

Iamsomboonkorn Pongpisit (Nett)

Kesorn Nattarat (Sand)
Polsen Watcharit (Wade)
Rujipatanakul Vanessa (Van)
Sangsukiam Aree (Orn)

1002

March 8th, 2017

 INTRODUCTION

(attach with this report)

PURPOSE

The purpose of doing this lab is to apply our knowledge of osmosis into an experiment by
soaking materials into solutions with different levels of tonicity to test what will happens to them
after a period of time.

HYPOTHESES

1. How will soaking a jelly in distilled water affect the size of the jelly?
- If we put the jelly in distilled water, then the jelly will slightly swell up.

2. How will soaking a jelly in concentrated salt water affect the size of the jelly?
- If we put the jelly in concentrated salt water, then the jelly will slightly shrink.
3. How will soaking a potato in distilled water affect the size of the potato?
- If we put the potato in distilled water, then the potato will slightly swell up.
4. How will soaking a potato in concentrated salt water affect the size of the potato?
- If we put the potato in concentrated salt water, then the potato will slightly shrink.

MATERIALS LIST
1. 6 Beakers 7. Calculator
(3 for jellies, 3 for potatoes) 8. Knife
2. Electronic balance 9. Weighing paper
3. Distilled water 10. Markers
4. Concentrated salt water 11. Gloves
5. 3 Jellies 12. Lab coat
6. 3 Potato pieces 13. Goggles
 METHODS

1. Collect the materials that are needed (3 jellies, and a half potato).
2. Use the knife to cut the potato into 3 equal pieces.
3. Use the electronic balance to find the mass of your jelly. Lay down a piece of weighing paper
and set to zero.
4. Record the data.
5. Record descriptive observations about the jelly prior to the experiment.
6. Measure the initial volume of the jelly and the potato and record your data.
7. Fill your first beaker halfway with distilled water. Put one of the jellies into the beaker. Set the
beaker aside for one hour. Label the beaker.
8. Fill your second beaker halfway with concentrated salt water. Put the second jelly into the
beaker. Set the beaker aside for one hour. Label the beaker.
9. Put your third jelly into an empty beaker without putting anything in it. It should be the control
one.
10. Fill your fourth beaker halfway with distilled water. Put one of the potato pieces into the beaker.
Set the beaker aside for one hour. Label the beaker.
11. Fill your fifth beaker halfway with concentrated salt water. Put the second potato piece into the
beaker. Set the beaker aside for one hour. Label the beaker.
12. Place the last potato piece into the last beaker, empty. Label the beaker as the control one.
13. Make sure to label the all the beakers distilled water or concentrated salt solution.
14. After an hour, come back and look at each of the beakers and record the data volume and mass of
both jellies in two beakers and both the potatoes in the other beakers.
15. Also, record the descriptive data for what the jelly and the potato look like after being soaked for
an hour.
16. Calculate the percent change in the size of each jelly and potato.
a. Percent change in volume
b. Percent change in mass
DATA TABLES

Data Table A:

Volume and Mass of Jellies Before and After Soaking in Distilled Water and Salt Water

Jelly 1 Jelly 2

Dimension Initial: Before Final: After Initial: Before Final: After

soaking soaking in soaking soaking in salt
Distilled water water

Volume 3.7 mL 5 mL 3.7 mL 3 mL

Mass 5.1 g 6.6 g 5.1 g 3.8 g

Data Table B:

Volume and Mass of Potatoes Before and After Soaking in Distilled Water and Salt water

Potato 1 Potato 2

Dimension Initial: Before Final: After Initial: Before Final: After

soaking soaking in soaking soaking in salt
Distilled water water

Volume 4.6 mL 6 mL 4.4 mL 4 mL

Mass 6.2 g 7.1 g 5.1 g 4.5 g

Data Table C:

Appearance of Jellies Before and After Soaking in Distilled Water and Salt Water

Jelly 1 Jelly 2

Descriptive Observations before soaking in Descriptive Observations before soaking in

Distilled water: Salt water:
It looks normal, purple and smooth It looks normal, purple and smooth

Descriptive Observations After soaking in Descriptive Observations After soaking in salt

Distilled water: water:
It becomes softer, and the colour turn white It becomes smaller, slimy. The salt water
at the edge. Its slimy, it also become bigger in change colour into jellys colour
size

Data Table D:

Appearance of Potatoes Before and After Soaking in Distilled Water and Salt Water

Potato 1 Potato 2

Descriptive Observations before soaking in Descriptive Observations before soaking in

Distilled water: Salt water:
It looks rectangular in shape, feel hard and It looks rectangular in shape, feel hard and
has yellow colour. has yellow colour.

Descriptive Observations After soaking in Descriptive Observations After soaking in salt

Distilled water: water:
It becomes a bit bigger. The shape still The shape still rectangle. The size become
rectangle. The potatos colour become pale a bit smaller. The potatos colour become pale
yellow. It becomes white at the edge of potato. yellow.
Data Table E:

Percentage Changes of Volume and Mass of the Jellies

Jelly 1: soaked in Distilled Jelly 2: soaked in salt water

water

Percent change in volume 23.26 % -18.92 %

Percent change in mass 29.41 % -25.49 %

Data Table F:

Percentage Changes of Volume and Mass of the Potatoes

Potato 1: soaked in Distilled Potato 2: soaked in salt water

water

Percent change in volume 30.43 % -9.09 %

Percent change in mass 14.52 % -11.76 %

BAR GRAPH OF THE RESULTS

 This graph shows the percent change in mass and volume of the jellies and the potatoes.

ANALYZING RESULTS

1. What happened to the jellies after being soaked in distilled water and salt water for an hour?

Ans. After soaking the jellies in both liquid for an hour, the jelly that has been put into the
concentrated salt water decreased in size and weight while the jelly that has been put into the
distilled water increase in weight and volume. This is because of the property of the osmosis
which is the movement of the water molecule through a semipermeable membrane from a higher
solute concentration or a hypertonic solution to a lower solute concentration or a hypotonic
solution. According to this property of Osmosis, when we put the jelly in the concentrated salt
water, the water inside the jelly moves out of the jelly to the solution outside because the salt
water solution has a higher solute concentration or hypertonic than the jelly. On the other hand,
when we put the jelly into the distilled water solution, the water outside the jelly moves into the
inside of the jelly because the jelly has a higher solute concentration making the water hypotonic
so the water moves inside the jelly. After one hour of soaking, we was able to see the result of
this experiment. The jelly inside the hypertonic solution or in this case, the concentrated salt
water, shrank in size and also became lighter while the jelly in the hypotonic solution or distilled
water swelled and also became slightly heavier. All of this is caused by the property of Osmosis
happening between the jelly and the solution surrounding it.

2. What happened to the potato after being soaked in distilled water and salt water for an hour?
Ans. After an hour after we soaked the potato in both types of liquid, it turned out that potato
piece in the distilled water became a little bigger in size, while another piece in the salt water
became little smaller. These results can be explained that they are related to a property of
osmosis which is move the water from its high concentration to low concentration. Within the
hypotonic solution (distilled water), the water outside the potato piece is more concentrated than
the potato itself. This caused the water to move into the potato that have less concentration of
water, making the potato piece slightly swelled. On the other hand, within the hypertonic
solution (salt water), the water have less concentration of water than in the potato piece. This
caused the water in the potato to move out of the potato, making it to be slightly shrank.

CONCLUSION

When a material is put into a solution with higher solute concentration or a hypertonic
solution, the water inside the material moves out through its semipermeable membrane making it
decreases in weight and volume. When the material is put in a solution lower solute
concentration or a hypotonic solution, the water inside the material moves out through its semi-
permeable membrane making it increase in weight and volume.

WORK LOG

Name: Responsibility/Job

Nett Create the table

Orn Bar graph

Sand Conclusion, Analysis Question #1

Van Purpose, Hypothesis, Materials list, Methods

Wade Analysis Question #2

REFERENCES

(attach with this report)