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 2. Avaliao dos riscos de exploso

Modo de manipulao das substncias: em condies de estanquidade aos gases, lquidos ou poeiras ou em
instalaes abertas, p. ex. no carregamento e esvaziamento.
Possibilidade de derrame de substncias atravs de vlvulas, conexes de tubagens, etc.
Condies de ventilao e outras condies do espao circundante.
"" Ghyh"frqwdu0vh"frp"d"suhvhqd"gh"vxevw qfldv"rx"plvwxudv"lqdp yhlv"vreuhwxgr"hp"orfdlv"qr"deudqjlgrv"
pela ventilao como, por exemplo, zonas no ventiladas situadas abaixo do nvel do solo (fossas, esgotos e
poos).

2.2.4 Podem formar-se atmosferas explosivas perigosas?

Se em determinadas reas for possvel a formao de uma atmosfera explosiva em quantidades tais que exijam a
dgrsr"gh"phglgdv"gh"suhyhqr"hvshfldlv"d"p"gh"jdudqwlu"d"surwhfr"gd"vhjxudqd"h"gd"vdgh"grv"wudedokd-
gruhv"dihfwdgrv/"hvvd"dwprvihud"h{sorvlyd"ghyh"vhu"frqvlghudgd"shuljrvd"h"dv" uhdv"ghyhp"vhu"fodvvlfdgdv"frpr"
reas perigosas.

Fig. 2.4: A vaporizao de pequenas quantidades de lquidos inflamveis (como o propano liquefeito)
pode dar origem a grandes quantidades de vapores inflamveis.

20

Nota: 1 litro de propano lquido ao passar ao estado gasoso e diludo no ar no limite de exploso inferior
produziria uma atmosfera explosiva com 13 000 litros de volume.7

Uma vez constatada a possibilidade de ocorrncia de uma atmosfera explosiva, essa atmosfera ser considera atmos-
fera explosiva perigosa em funo do seu volume, bem como dos danos que poder causar em caso de ignio. No
entanto, em regra geral pode partir-se do princpio de que uma exploso provoca sempre danos importantes e que
est presente uma atmosfera explosiva perigosa.

So possveis excepes a esta regra no caso de manipulao de quantidades muito pequenas, por exemplo em
laboratrios. Neste contexto, importa avaliar, em funo das condies locais e operacionais, se as quantidades
previsveis de atmosferas explosivas so perigosas.

7
Irqwh="eurfkxud"gd"DLVV"Gas Explosions, International Section for the Prevention of Occupational Risks in the Chemical Industry,
International Social Security Association (ISSA)/"Khlghoehuj/"Dohpdqkd1

01_2004_2214_txt_PT.indd 20 7-11-2005 15:40:49



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