Kuppam Engineering College

MULTIPURPOSE SPRYING ROBOT AT NIGHT VISION WITH WIRELESS CAMERA
CONTENT
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
BLOCK DIAGRAM
BLOCK DESCRIPTION
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
WORKING PRINCIPLE
POWER SUPPLY
MICROCONTROLLER
L293D DRIVER
MOTOR
LCD
ADVANTAGE
APPLICATION
CONCLUSION
REFERENCE
1
KUPPAM POLYTECHNIC DEEE
CHAPTER-1
ABSTRACT OF MULTIPURPOSE
SPRYING ROBOT AT NIGHT VISION
WITH WIRELESS CAMERA
2
ABSTRACT
The project is designed to develop a robotic vehicle using RF technology

for remote operation attached with wireless camera for monitoring purpose. The
robot along with camera can wirelessly transmit real time video with night
vision capabilities. This is kind of robot can be helpful for spying purpose in
war fields. An 8051 series of microcontroller is used for the desired operation.
Present the project can be enhanced using DTMF technology. Using this
technology we can control the robotic vehicle by using cell phone. This
technology has an advantage over long communication range as compared to
RF technology.
3
INTRODUCTION OF MULTIPURPOSE
INTRODUCTION
4
With the aim of developing a high-tech technology that serves high speed
technology, advanced capacity to control the robots and to device new methods
of control theory. The realize above standards some technical improvement
along with the need of high performance robot is required to create a faster,
reliable, accurate and more intelligent robot which can be devised by advanced
control algorithm, robot control devices and new drivers. Earlier the robots were
controlled through wired networks but now to make robot more users friendly,
they are framed to make user commanded work. Therefore to attain the
requirements we can use android as a multimedia to control the user friendly
robot.
The design of our project encourages developing a robotic vehicle based
on RF technology for the remote operation connected with the wireless camera
mounted on the robot for monitoring purpose. The robot is embedded with 8051
series microcontroller for desired operation and is generally used for spying
purposes. The transmitting module consist of the push buttons that send the
commands to the receiving module for controlling the movement of robot either
to right, left, forward, downward. In the receiving module of the robot two
motors are interfaced with the 8051 series of microcontroller to control its
movement via motor driver IC. The remote control (RF transmitter) has a range
of 200m that transmits the signals to the RF receiver. The receiver collects and
decodes the received signals before feeding it to the microcontroller to drive the
DC motors via motor drivers. The wireless camera used for spying purpose also
serves in complete darkness using IR lightning.
5
BLOCK DIAGRAM OF
MULTIPURPOSE SPRYING ROBOT AT
NIGHT VISION WITH WIRELESS
CAMERA
BLOCK DIAGRAM FOR RECEIVER SECTION
6
7
BLOCK DISCRIPTION
OF MULTIPURPOSE SPRYING
ROBOT AT NIGHT VISION WITH
WIRELESS CAMERA
Power supply:
8
The input to the circuit is applied from the regulated power supply. The
ac. Input i.e., 230v from the mains supply is step down by the transformer to
12v and is fed to a rectifier. The output obtained from the rectifier is a pulsating
dc voltage.
Microcontroller:
An 89s52 series of microcontroller is used for the desired operation.
Android mobile:
At the transmitting end using android application device, commands are

sent to the receiver to control the movement of the robot either to move
forward, backward and left or right etc.
Bluetooth device:
The receiver end Bluetooth device fed to the microcontroller drives dc

motors via motor driver IC for necessary work.
Camera:
The robot along with camera can wirelessly transmit real time video with
night vision capabilities,a/v camera we are using.
Motor:
At the receiving end two motors are interfaced to the microcontroller where
Android applications:
Tone def application we are using to function are we can use

DTMF(dial tone multi frequency).
9
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM OF
MULTIPURPOSE SPRYING ROBOT
AT NIGHT VISION WITH WIRELESS
CAMERA
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
10
R 9
1k
2
R 4 Q 4
1 2N 3076
1k
R 9
3
0
1k
2
U 16
31 39 R 4 Q 4 +12v
C 2 E A /V P P 0 .0 38 1 2N 3076
19 P 0 .1 37
X1 P 0 .2 1k DC
36
1n P 0 .3
X4 35 Gear
C 3 18 P 0 .4 34 Motor
X2 P 0 .5
3
P 0 .6
33 0
32
1n P 0 .7
9
+5v 0 R ESET 21
P 2 .0 R 9
22
S2 12 P 2 .1 23
13 IN T 0 P 2 .2 24
14 IN T 1 P 2 .3 25 1k
2
15 T0 P 2 .4 26 R 4 Q 4
T1 P 2 .5 27 1 2N 3076
1 P 2 .6 28
P 1 .0 P 2 .7 1k
AN T1 2
AN TEN N A 3 P 1 .1 17
P 1 .2 R D
4
P 1 .3 W R
16
R 9 0
3
5 29 0
C. a m e r a 6 P 1 .4 PSEN 30
transmitter 7 P 1 .5 A L E /P 11
8 P 1 .6 TXD 10 1k
P 1 .7 R XD R 4 2 Q 4
80C 51 1 2N 3076
1k
3
0
AN T1
AN TEN N A AN T1
A N TE N N A
TV
recevier Mobile
recevier
11
CHAPTER-2
WORKING PRINCIPLE OF
CAMERA
12
WORKING PRINCIPLE
The project uses HT12E Encoder which converts 4 bit data to serial
output which is then fed to the RF module for transmitting the same to be
received by the receiver RF module
The output is fed to HT12D the serial decoder IC, the output of which is
fed to controller.
The data so received at the receiver end of port 1 operates the motor
through motor driver IC L293D as required being interfaced from the
Microcontroller output port 2.
A wireless camera derives power of 9V DC from a regulator IC7809

which draws from 12V battery at its input.
The real time radio is transmitted in VHF, RF both for audio & video.
The receiving unit delivers AV output which is connected to any standard

TV AV input.
Thus while the robot mouse it transmits real time picture even in pitch
darkness as the camera is supported by IR lights emitting from a cluster
of LEDs connected in series parallel combination across the 12V DC
supply.
13
CHAPTER-3
POWER SUPPLY OF MULTIPURPOSE

14
REGULATED POWER SUPPLY
Today almost every electronic device needs a dc supply for its smooth
operation and they need to be operated within certain power supply limits. This
required dc voltage or dc supply is derived from single phase ac mains. A
regulated power supply can convert unregulated an ac (alternating current or
voltage) to a constant dc (direct current or voltage). A regulated power supply is
used to ensure that the output remains constant even if the input changes. A
regulated DC power supply is also called as a linear power supply, it is an
embedded circuit and consists of various blocks. The regulated power supply
will accept an ac input and give a constant dc output. Figure below shows the
block diagram of a typical regulated dc power supply.
1. A step down transformer
2. A rectifier
3. A DC filter
4. A regulator
Operation of Regulated Power Supply
1.Step Down Transformer

A step down transformer will step down the voltage from the ac mains to
the required voltage level. The turns ratio of the transformer is so adjusted such
as to obtain the required voltage value. The output of the transformer is given as
an input to the rectifier circuit.
15
2.Rectification
Rectifier is an electronic circuit consisting of diodes which carries out the
rectification process. Rectification is the process of converting an alternating
voltage or current into corresponding direct (dc) quantity. The input to a rectifier
is ac whereas its output is unidirectional pulsating dc. Usually a full wave
rectifier or a bridge rectifier is used to rectify both the half cycles of the ac
supply (full wave rectification). Figure below shows a full wave bridge rectifier.
A bridge rectifier consists of four p-n junction diodes connected in the

above shown manner. In the positive half cycle of the supply the voltage
induced across the secondary of the electrical transformer i.e. VMN is positive.
Therefore point E is positive with respect to F. Hence, diodes D3 and D2 are
reversed biased and diodes D1 and D4 are forward biased. The diode D3 and D2
will act as open switches (practically there is some voltage drop) and diodes D1
andD4 will act as closed switches and will start conducting. Hence a rectified
waveform appears at the output of the rectifier as shown in the first figure.
When voltage induced in secondary i.e. VMN is negative than D3 and D2 are
forward biased with the other two reversed biased and a positive voltage
appears at the input of the filter.
3.DCFilteration
The rectified voltage from the rectifier is a pulsating dc voltage having
very high ripple content. But this is not we want, we want a pure ripple free dc
waveform. Hence a filter is used. Different types of filters are used such as
capacitor filter, LC filter, Choke input filter, type filter. Figure below shows a
16
capacitor filter connected along the output of the rectifier and the resultant
output waveform.
As the instantaneous voltage starts increasing the capacitor charges, it

charges till the waveform reaches its peak value. When the instantaneous value
starts reducing the capacitor starts discharging exponentially and slowly through
the load (input of the regulator in this case). Hence, an almost constant dc value
having very less ripple content is obtained.
4.Regulation
This is the last block in a regulated DC power supply. The output voltage
or current will change or fluctuate when there is change in the input from ac
mains or due to change in load current at the output of the regulated power
supply or due to other factors like temperature changes. This problem can be
eliminated by using a regulator. A regulator will maintain the output constant
even when changes at the input or any other changes occur. Transistor series
regulator, Fixed and variable IC regulators or a zenerdiode operated in the zener
region can be used depending on their applications. ICs like 78XX and 79XX
are used to obtained fixed values of voltages at the output. With ICs like LM
317 and 723 etc we can adjust the output voltage to a required constant value.
Figure below shows the LM317 voltage regulator. The output voltage can be
adjusted with adjusting the values of resistances R1 and R2. Usually coupling
capacitors of values about 0.01F to 10F needs to be connected at the output
17
and input to address input noise and output transients. Ideally the output voltage
is given by
Figure below shows the complete circuit of a regulated +5V DC power

supply using transformer, bridge rectifier, filter (smoothing) and a fixed +5 V
voltage regulator. Here we can use IC 7803(for 3V),7809(for 9 V),7812(for
12V) etc.
18
Application of Regulated Power Supply

Regulated power supply is the main component of electrical,electronics
and as well as automation equipment. Mobile phone charger, oscilator, amplifier
are needed the regulated power supply
CHAPTER-4
19
MICROCONTROLLER OF
CAMERA
MICRO CONTROLLER
The 89S52 is a low cost Micro controller from either ATMEL or PHILIPS. It has a
40-pin configuration and other components are interfaced to its ports. The entire
function of the CLIP device is under the control of Micro controller. The
Microcontroller takes input from the external sources and routes them to the
appropriate devices as programmed in it.
FEATURES
20
89S52 Central Processing Unit

Speedup to 33 MHz
RAM expandable externally up to 64 Kbytes
ROM expandable externally up to 64 Kbytes
Four interrupt priority levels
Six interrupt sources
Four 8-bit input output ports
Three 16-bit timers/counters T0, T1and additional T2
Programmable clock out
Second DPTR register
Asynchronous port reset
Power control modes
-Clock can be stopped and resumed
-Idle mode
-Power down mode
128bytes of internal RAM memory

4KB of internal Rom memory
ARCHITECHTURE
21
PIN CONFIGURATION:
22
Figure Pin configuration of 89S52
The AT89S52 provides the following standard features: 4K bytes of Flash, 128
bytes of RAM, 32 I/O lines, two 16-bit timer/counters, a five vector two-level
interrupt architecture, a full duplex serial port, on-chip oscillator and clock circuitry.
In addition, the AT89S52 is designed with static logic for operation down to zero
frequency and supports two software selectable power saving modes. The Idle
Mode stops the CPU while allowing the RAM, timer/counters, serial port and
interrupt system to continue functioning. The Power-down Mode saves the RAM
contents but freezes the oscillator disabling all other chip functions until the next
hardware reset.
Pin Description
VCC Supply voltage.
GND Ground.
Port 0
23
Port 0 is an 8-bit open-drain bi-directional I/O port. As an output port, each

pin can sink eight TTL inputs. When 1s are written to port 0 pins, the pins can be
used as high impedance inputs. Port 0 may also be configured to be the multiplexed
low order address/data bus during accesses to external program and data memory. In
this mode P0 has internal pull-ups. Port 0 also receives the code bytes during Flash
programming, and outputs the code bytes during program verification. External
pullups are required during program verification.
Port 1
Port 1 is an 8-bit bi-directional I/O port with internal pullups. The Port 1
output buffers can sink/source four TTL inputs. When 1s are written to Port 1 pins
they are pulled high by the internal pull-ups and can be used as inputs. As inputs,
Port 1 pins that are externally being pulled low will source current (IIL) because of
the internal pull-ups. Port 1 also receives the low-order address bytes during Flash
programming and verification.
Port 2
Port 2 is an 8-bit bi-directional I/O port with internal pull-ups. The Port 2
they are pulled high by the internal pull-ups and can be used as inputs. As inputs,
the internal pull-ups. Port 2 emits the high-order address byte during fetches from
external program memory and during accesses to external data memory that use 16-
bit addresses (MOVX @ DPTR). In this application, it uses strong internal pull-ups
when emitting 1s. During accesses to external data memory that use 8-bit addresses
(MOVX @ RI), Port 2 emits the
contents of the P2 Special Function Register. Port 2 also receives the high-order
address bits and some control signals during Flash programming and verification.
24
Port 3
Port 3 is an 8-bit bi-directional I/O port with internal pullups. The Port 3
they are pulled high by the internal pullups and can be used as inputs. As inputs,
the pullups. Port 3 also serves the functions of various special features of the
AT89S52 as listed below: Port 3 also receives some control signals for Flash
programming and verification.
RST
Reset input. A high on this pin for two machine cycles while the oscillator is
running resets the device.
ALE/PROG
Address Latch Enable output pulse for latching the low byte of the address
during accesses to external memory. This pin is also the program pulse input
(PROG) during Flash programming. In normal operation ALE is emitted at a
constant rate of 1/6 the oscillator frequency, and may be used for external timing or
clocking purposes. Note, however, that one ALE pulse is skipped during each access
to external Data Memory. If desired, ALE operation can be disabled by setting bit 0
of SFR location 8EH. With the bit set, ALE is active only during a MOVX or
MOVC instruction. Otherwise, the pin is weakly pulled high. Setting the ALE-
disable bit has no effect if the microcontroller is in external execution mode.
PSEN
Program Store Enable is the read strobe to external program memory. When
the AT89S52 is executing code from external program memory, PSEN is activated
twice each machine cycle, except that two PSEN activations are skipped during
each access to external data memory.
25
EA/VPP
External Access Enable. EA must be strapped to GND in order to enable the device
to fetch code from external program memory locations starting at 0000H up to
FFFFH. Note, however, that if lock bit 1 is programmed, EA will be internally
latched on reset. EA should be strapped to VCC for internal program executions.
This pin also receives the 12-volt programming enable voltage (VPP) during Flash
programming, for parts that require 12-volt VPP.
XTAL1
Input to the inverting oscillator amplifier and input to the internal clock operating
circuit.
XTAL2
Output from the inverting oscillator amplifier.
26
CHAPTER-5
WIRELESS CAMERA
27
WIRELESS CAMERA
We are using a wireless CCD camera, which are commonly available in the
market. This camera works on 12 volts DC supply. The camera has a receiver,
which is placed in the remote station. Its output are in the form of audio and
video signals. These signals are directly sent to a television or a computer
through a tuner card. This CCD camera is placed on the robot. The camera
captures the audio and video signals and sends those signals to the remote
station and with the help of the camera receiver which is connected to the
television or a computer through we will be able to see the captured signals.
This is a mini wireless monitoring video camera and wireless receiver set for
home and small business surveillance, security and is used by us for
demonstration purpose [4]. We need to install the wireless camera in the room
where we want to monitor and set the wireless receiver in the next room (up to
15 meters away) and hook it up to a TV or DVR to watch the action or record
the footage for the security purpose. Here we are placing this wireless camera in
the combat robot which would be present in the war field
28
CHAPTER-6
L293D DRIVER
29
L293D DRIVER
Because of induction of the windings, power requirements, and temperature

management, some glue circuitry is necessary between digital controllers and motor. In
our project to interface DC motor with microcontroller we use L293D driver.
L293D are quadruple high-current half-H drivers. The L293 is designed to provide
bidirectional drive currents of up to 1 A at voltages from 4.5 V to 36 V. The L293D is
designed to provide bidirectional drive currents of up to 600-mA at voltages from 4.5 V
to 36 V. Both devices are designed to drive inductive loads such as relays, solenoids, DC.
All inputs are TTL compatible. Each output is a complete totem-pole drive circuit,
with a Darlington transistor sink and a pseudo- Darlington source. Drivers are enabled in
pairs, with drivers 1 and 2 enabled by 1,2EN and drivers 3 and 4 enabled by 3,4EN.
When an enable input is high, the associated drivers are enabled, and their outputs are
active in phase with their inputs. When the enable input is low, those drivers are
disabled, and their outputs are off and in the high-impedance state.
30
Figure 7.2: Pin Diagram OF L293D
Figure Internal Block Diagram Of L293D
Figure Input And Output Compatibles
31
FEATURES OF L293D
Used has Dc motor driver
Supply voltage range 4.5V to 36V
High current half H drivers
High noise immunity input
Out put current of 600mA per channel
Out put peak current of 1.2mA per channel
Thermal shut down
Output clamp diodes for inductive transient suppression
Input circuit are TTL compatible
Output circuit are totem pole with Darlington transistor pair
Maximum input voltage is 7V
Output voltage range is -3V to 39V
Storage temperature range is -65 to 150C
It is a 16 pin DIP IC configuration
DC MOTOR INTERFACING WITH L293D
By using single 16 pin L293D driver we can interface 2 dc motor. In our project
we use 2 Dc motors one for front wheels used to turn left or right and other for
movement of motor as forward and reverse direction. For one motor we give two inputs
to rotate forward and backward directions or to turn right/left. Below figure is an
32
example for interfacing a single Dc motor to L293D driver. Where 2 & 7 pin of L293D
are inputs from microcontroller ports these input are enable only when 1pin of L293D is
high and 3 & 6 pins of L293D are inputs to dc motor. Diodes used externally for
inductive transient suppression. Supply is from power supply generator. In this when
enable low then motor stops and when enable is high and both inputs are same that is
either high or low then also motor stops. It works only when one input is high and enable
is high.
Figure Interfacing of DC Motor With L293D
33
CHAPTER-7
MOTOR
34
DC Motor
DC motors are configured in many types and sizes, including brush less, servo,
and gear motor types. A motor consists of a rotor and a permanent magnetic
field stator. The magnetic field is maintained using either permanent magnets or
electromagnetic windings. DC motors are most commonly used in variable
speed and torque.
Motion and controls cover a wide range of components that in some way
are used to generate and/or control motion. Areas within this category include
bearings and bushings, clutches and brakes, controls and drives, drive
components, encoders and resolves, Integrated motion control, limit switches,
linear actuators, linear and rotary motion components, linear position sensing,
motors (both AC and DC motors), orientation position sensing, pneumatics and
pneumatic components, positioning stages, slides and guides, power
transmission (mechanical), seals, slip rings, solenoids, springs.
Motors are the devices that provide the actual speed and torque in a drive
system. This family includes AC motor types (single and multiphase motors,
universal, servo motors, induction, synchronous, and gear motor) and DC
motors (brush less, servo motor, and gear motor) as well as linear, stepper and
air motors, and motor contactors and starters.
In any electric motor, operation is based on simple electromagnetism. A

current-carrying conductor generates a magnetic field; when this is then placed
in an external magnetic field, it will experience a force proportional to the
current in the conductor, and to the strength of the external magnetic field. As
35
you are well aware of from playing with magnets as a kid, opposite (North and
South) polarities attract, while like polarities (North and North, South and
South) repel. The internal configuration of a DC motor is designed to harness
the magnetic interaction between a current-carrying conductor and an external
magnetic field to generate rotational motion.
Let's start by looking at a simple 2-pole DC electric motor (here red

represents a magnet or winding with a "North" polarization, while green
represents a magnet or winding with a "South" polarization).
Fig: Block Diagram of the DC motor
Every DC motor has six basic parts -- axle, rotor (a.k.a., armature), stator,
commutator, field magnet(s), and brushes. In most common DC motors (and all
that Beamers will see), the external magnetic field is produced by high-strength
permanent magnets1. The stator is the stationary part of the motor -- this
includes the motor casing, as well as two or more permanent magnet pole
pieces. The rotor (together with the axle and attached commutator) rotates with
respect to the stator. The rotor consists of windings (generally on a core), the
windings being electrically connected to the commutator. The above diagram
shows a common motor layout -- with the rotor inside the stator (field) magnets.
The geometry of the brushes, commutator contacts, and rotor windings

are such that when power is applied, the polarities of the energized winding and
the stator magnet(s) are misaligned, and the rotor will rotate until it is almost
36
aligned with the stator's field magnets. As the rotor reaches alignment, the
brushes move to the next commutator contacts, and energize the next winding.
Given our example two-pole motor, the rotation reverses the direction of current
through the rotor winding, leading to a "flip" of the rotor's magnetic field, and
driving it to continue rotating.
In real life, though, DC motors will always have more than two
poles (three is a very common number). In particular, this avoids "dead spots" in
the commutator. You can imagine how with our example two-pole motor, if the
rotor is exactly at the middle of its rotation (perfectly aligned with the field
magnets), it will get "stuck" there. Meanwhile, with a two-pole motor, there is a
moment where the commutator shorts out the power supply (i.e., both brushes
touch both commutator contacts simultaneously). This would be bad for the
power supply, waste energy, and damage motor components as well. Yet another
disadvantage of such a simple motor is that it would exhibit a high amount of
torque ripple" (the amount of torque it could produce is cyclic with the position
of the rotor).
Fig : Block Diagram of the DC motor having two poles only
So since most small DC motors are of a three-pole design, let's tinker

with the workings of one via an interactive animation (JavaScript required):
37
Fig : Block Diagram of the DC motor having

Three poles
You'll notice a few things from this --

namely, one pole is fully energized at a time (but
two others are "partially" energized). As each
brush transitions from one commutator contact to the next, one coil's field will
rapidly collapse, as the next coil's field will rapidly charge up (this occurs
within a few microsecond). We'll see more about the effects of this later, but in
the meantime you can see that this is a direct result of the coil windings' series
wiring:
Fig : Internal Block Diagram of the Three pole DC motor
There's probably no better way to see how an average dc motor is put

together, than by just opening one up. Unfortunately this is tedious work, as
well as requiring the destruction of a perfectly good motor. This is a basic 3-
pole dc motor, with 2 brushes and three commutator contacts.
38
ADVANTAGES
&
APPLICATIONS
ADVANTAGES
39
RF based spying robot attached with wireless camera that can reduce the
human victim.
Smart phone which can be used to control the movement of the robot.
The robot can transmit real time videos with night vision.
APPLICATIONS
Military
Law Enforcement
Hunting
Wild life observation
Surveillance
Security
Navigation
Hidden-object detection
Entertainment
40
CHAPTER-8
CONCLUSION
CONCLUSIONS
The primary need for our paper would be accuracy. We have been able to
view the things accurately that are currently happening in the surrounding area.
41
Our design has not caused any sort of disturbances. The robot will move
depending on the motor direction based upon the input we give through
command by remote section unit. It display the current operation is going on as
example left robot, near to object, clear up. With the help of the camera we are
able to view the things that are happening in the surrounding areawhere the
robot is hidden. By keeping the circuit easy and simple, most users will be able
to use it easily. Thus we should be able to manipulate its path when necessary,
to create the robot safely. To all that, a control unit is needed, where control
units RF signal is used. By using these signals encoding is done & signal is sent
through the transmitter. At the receiver end these decoded signal are given as
input to drive the motor.
42
REFERENCE
REFERENCE:
43
[1] Robert L Boylestad and Louis Nashelsky, Electronic Device And Circuit
Theory ,8th edition 2006.
[2] MrLokesh Mehta, Mr. Pawan Sharma Spy Night Vision Robot with
Moving Wireless Video Camera. International journal of research in
engineering technology and management (IJRETM), 2014.
[3] The 8051 microcontroller and embedded system using assembly and C, 2nd
edition (ISBN: 9780131194021) by Mazidi Muhammad Ali (2008).
[4] Dhiraj Singh Patel Mobile Operated Spy Robot International journal of
emerging technology and advanced engineering (IJETAE), 2013.
[5] IEEE xplorehttp://ieeexplore.ieee.org/search/searchresult.jsp?

Newsearch=true&queryText=spyrobot&x=0&y=0.
44
45
46

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MULTIPURPOSE SPRYING ROBOT AT NIGHT VISION WITH WIRELESS CAMERA

The project is designed to develop a robotic vehicle using RF technology

BLOCK DIAGRAM FOR RECEIVER SECTION

An 89s52 series of microcontroller is used for the desired operation.

At the transmitting end using android application device, commands are

The receiver end Bluetooth device fed to the microcontroller drives dc

Tone def application we are using to function are we can use

A wireless camera derives power of 9V DC from a regulator IC7809

The receiving unit delivers AV output which is connected to any standard

POWER SUPPLY OF MULTIPURPOSE

REGULATED POWER SUPPLY

1. A step down transformer

Operation of Regulated Power Supply

1.Step Down Transformer

A bridge rectifier consists of four p-n junction diodes connected in the

As the instantaneous voltage starts increasing the capacitor charges, it

Figure below shows the complete circuit of a regulated +5V DC power

Application of Regulated Power Supply

89S52 Central Processing Unit

-Power down mode

128bytes of internal RAM memory

Figure Pin configuration of 89S52

VCC Supply voltage.

Port 0 is an 8-bit open-drain bi-directional I/O port. As an output port, each

Because of induction of the windings, power requirements, and temperature

Figure 7.2: Pin Diagram OF L293D

Figure Internal Block Diagram Of L293D

Figure Input And Output Compatibles

Used has Dc motor driver

Supply voltage range 4.5V to 36V

High current half H drivers

High noise immunity input

Out put current of 600mA per channel

Out put peak current of 1.2mA per channel

Thermal shut down

Output clamp diodes for inductive transient suppression

Input circuit are TTL compatible

Output circuit are totem pole with Darlington transistor pair

Maximum input voltage is 7V

Output voltage range is -3V to 39V

Storage temperature range is -65 to 150C

It is a 16 pin DIP IC configuration

DC MOTOR INTERFACING WITH L293D

Figure Interfacing of DC Motor With L293D

In any electric motor, operation is based on simple electromagnetism. A

Let's start by looking at a simple 2-pole DC electric motor (here red

Fig: Block Diagram of the DC motor

The geometry of the brushes, commutator contacts, and rotor windings

Fig : Block Diagram of the DC motor having two poles only

So since most small DC motors are of a three-pole design, let's tinker

Fig : Block Diagram of the DC motor having

You'll notice a few things from this --

Fig : Internal Block Diagram of the Three pole DC motor

There's probably no better way to see how an average dc motor is put

Wild life observation

[5] IEEE xplorehttp://ieeexplore.ieee.org/search/searchresult.jsp?

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