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We know that the history of Rome and its modern history was shaped by a man named

Julius Caesar. He shaped and changed Rome by his political economic, and social reconstructing

influences. Caesar practiced many social and political reforms and they can also be copied

throughout todays society. Julius Caesar was one of the most influential people who changed

Rome.

Julius Caesar was born July 13. 100 B.C. People believed that he was a descendant from

Aenas, the Trojan Prince. His father was Gaius Julius Caesar and his mother was Aurelia Cotta.

He has two siblings Julius Caesaris Major and Julia Minor. Julius Caesar was born into a

well-known family. His uncle was a famous Roman general, Marius. Julius Caesar launched his

political and military career and it was a success. Caesar was elected the pontifex maximus. By

63 B.C he was a well-known figure in Rome, but some people debated over him. Then he was

elected as a Roman official in 62 B.C.E and he served his job in Spain. Pompey the Great,

Crassus, and Caesar worked together and they were known as the First Triumvirate and they

controlled Rome throughout 50 B.C. Juliuss daughter Julia married Pompey to seal the alliance.

Caesar and Pompey will soon go to war against each other in 49 B.C. Caesar was the governor of

Gaul and Romes control was restricted. Gaul today can be known as ancient France, but in 52.

B.C.E. Gaul rebelled against Caesar and many revolts occurred. Gaul was filled with many tribes

therefore, it wasnt a unified country. But he was very successful of governing Gaul.

Julius Caesar has had many achievements throughout his career. He went to many other

countries and he also succeeded in winning many wars and having power. He defeated many

tribes like the Helvetians, he defeated the Germans, and Nervii.


The Rubicon War occurred when he stayed in northern Italy, but he was asked by the

Senate to accept what they wanted or to face Pompey. He crossed the Rubicon River with his

army in Italy and it caused a civil war.

When Pompey and Caesar were at war Rome and its capital was in Caesars hands

because they were under threat. Pompey had the power to defeat him. Some people said that

Pompey was much more superior than Caesar because he was an excellent general. During this

fight, Caesar failed to stop him. Caesar chased after Pompey but he also fell in love with

Cleopatra and had she had a son named Caesaris. In the end, Pompey was killed by the Egyptian

government.

When Caesar returned to Rome people saw him as the Father of Rome. Caesar became

the dictator of Rome 49-44 B.C. While he ruled Rome, he reformed Rome. He relieved debt, and

made the senate larger, and he built buildings like the forum and he redid the calendar. Rome did

not have Kings or Emperors so he was more like a dictator or consul. Back then it was normal

for Rome to endure many battles. They called powerful men such as Caesar dictator because they

did not give up in the middle of their battles.

Although while he ruled Rome, some people didnt always agree to his method. Some

people disagreed to his actions and decision, but it made Rome very powerful against their

enemies. We know that not everyone liked him and we know that he had many enemies. Which

led to the Ides of March.

The Ides of March is a famous name of Caesars assassination. He died in the year 44

B.C. The senate didnt like his ideas. Caesar was preparing for another battle in the east and he

was indestructible. Members of the Senate made a plan to assassinate him. Cassius Longinus
started to plot the murder first then got Caesars brother-in-law Marcus Brutus involved. Julius

knew that members of the Senate hated him and he got a warning during a meeting, but he

ignored it. He walked into a roomful of men with their daggers and these men were Senates.

The first one who attacked him was Cassius who had hit him in the neck causing him to

bleed. Then, everyone else joined in attacking. However, there was a lot of conspiracy going on

after his death. Cassius and Brutus celebrated Caesars death as the Ides of March. However,

after he died the next heir was his adopted nephew Octavian. Brutus and Cassius started a

Republican Army and Octavian wanted revenge. After a few years both Brutus and Cassius

killed themselves after Octavians army defeated their Republican army. Octavian is aslo knows

as Augustus who is known as the first official Roman Emperor. In Caesars lifetime, he had three

wives, he was a member of the military, a governor, a dictator, a successful politician, and was a

very influential individual of Romes history. Without Caesar, we probably wont have the

calendar we have today, and Rome wouldnt have gotten and Emperor if it wasnt for him and

Augustus.

Some interesting facts about Caesar was that he is known as father of the leap year.

Before Caesar had power and changed the calendar, the Roman calendar was based off the lunar

cycle which meant that there was 355 days a year. Caesar added another day also known as leap

day that occurs every four years. Another fact was that he was stabbed more than 20 times and it

took Rome more than 15 years to be stable again. Julius Caesar was also a very good writer and

speaker. Julius Caesar was a pretty good leader who changed the history of Rome and has

influence us toaday. He is also most famous for the quote veni, vidi, vici and it translates to I

came, I saw, I conquered . He conquered many lands and many battles and he conquered Rome.
1. http://www.pbs.org/empires/romans/empire/julius_caesar.html
2. https://www.thoughtco.com/ides-of-march-julius-caesars-fate-117542
3. http://www.ancient.eu/article/112/
4. http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/caesar_julius.shtml
5. http://www.ushistory.org/civ/6b.asp
6. http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/ancient-rome/julius-caesar/
7. http://www.history.com/news/history-lists/5-things-you-might-not-know-about-julius-

caesar
8. http://apecsec.org/10-fun-facts-about-julius-caesar/
9. http://primaryfacts.com/1316/julius-caesar-facts/
10. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Julius-Caesar-Roman-r
11. http://www.history.com/topics/ancient-history/julius-caesar
12. http://www.biography.com/people/julius-caesar-9192504#assassination

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