DRUG NAME CLASSIFICATION Therapeutic class Action Adverse effects Nursing responsibility

Clopidogrel Adenosine diphosphate Platelet Aggregation Inhibits platelet CNS: Headache, dizziness, 1. Take history of the
(ADP) Receptor Inhibitor aggregation by weakness, syncope, patient: allergy to
75 mg/tab Antagonist blocking ADP flushing clopidogrel, bleeding
receptors on platelets, disorders, recent
preventing clumping of CV: Hypertension, Edema surgery, hepatic
platelets impairment, peptic ulcer
Dermatologic: Rash,
Pruritus 2. Take note patients
skin color, temperature,
GI: Nausea, GI distress, lesions, orientation,
Constipation, Diarrhea, GI reflexes, BP, Orthostatic
Bleed BP, Baseline ECG,
Peripheral Perfusion,
Other: Increased bleeding Adventitious Sounds
risk
3. Provide small,
frequent meals if GI
upset occurs

4. Provide comfort
measures and arrange
for analgesics if
headache occurs

5. Teach patient and/or

patients relative to
follow medication
regimen
DRUG NAME CLASSIFICATION Therapeutic class Action Adverse effects Nursing responsibility
Atorvastatin HMG-COA Reductase Antihyperlipidemic Inhibits HMG-CoA CNS: Headache, Asthenia 1. Take history of the
Inhibitor reductase, the enzyme patient: allergy to
40 mg/tab that catalyzes the first GI: Flatulence, Abdominal atorvastatin, hepatic
step in the cholesterol pain, Cramps, Constipation, disease, acute serious
synthesis pathway, Nausea, Dyspepsia, illness
resulting in a decrease Heartburn, Liver failure
serum cholesterol, 2. Take physical status
serum LDLs Respiratory: Sinusitis, of patient: orientation,
(associated with Pharyngitis affect, muscle strength,
increased risk of CAD), liver evaluation,
and increases serum Other: Rhabdomyolysis with abdominal examination,
HDLs (associated with acute renal failure, lipid studies, LFTs,
decreased risk of arthralgia, myalgia Renal Function Tests
CAD); increases
hepatic LDL recapture 3. Educate patient
sites, enhances and/or patients relative
reuptake and to administer drug
catabolism of LDL; without regard to food,
lowers triglyceride but same time each day
levels
4. Advise patient and/or
patients relative to
report muscle pain,
weakness, tenderness,
malaise, fever, changes
in color of urine or stool,
swelling
DRUG NAME CLASSIFICATION Therapeutic class Action Adverse effects Nursing responsibility

Fluimucil Mucolytic Agent Acetaminophen Exerts mucolytic action Hypersensitivity, 1. Monitor effectiveness
Antidote/ Mucolytic through its free Bronchospasm, of therapy and advent of
250 mg/ sachet sulfhydryl group which Angioedeme, Rashes and adverse/ allergic effects.
opens up the disulfide Pruritus, Nausea and
bonds in the Vomiting, Fever, Syncope, 2. Instruct patient and/or
mucoproteins thus Sweating, Arthralgia, patients relative in
lowering mucous Blurred Vision, appropriate use and to
viscosity. The exact Disturbances of liver report adverse effects
mechanism of action in function
acetaminophen toxicity 3. Monitor patient for
is unknown. It is tachycardia
thought to act by
providing substrate for 4. Instruct patient and/or
conjugation with the patients relative to
toxic metabolite. notify prescriber
immediately about
nausea, rash and
vomiting
DRUG NAME CLASSIFICATION Therapeutic class Action Adverse effects
Clindamycin Lincosamide Antibiotic Inhibits protein CV: Hypotension, Cardiac
Antibiotic synthesis in Arrest (with rapid IV
200 mg cap susceptible bacteria, infusion)
1x a week causing cell death
GI: Severe colitis, Nausea,
Vomiting, Diarrhea,
Abdominal Pain,
Esophagitis, Anorexia,
Jaundice, Liver Function
Changes
Hematologic: Neutropenia,
Leukopenia,
Agranulocytosis,
Eosinophilia
Hypersensitivity: Rashes,
Urticaria to anaphylactoid
reactions
Local: Pain following
injection, Induration and
Sterile abscess after IM
injection, thrombophlebitis
after IV use
Nursing responsibility
1. Assess patients
infection before and
regularly throughout
therapy
2. Monitor renal,
hepatic, and
hematopoietic functions
during prolonged
therapy
3. Instruct patient and/or
patients relative to take
entire amount
prescribed even after
the patient feels better
4. Instruct patient and/or
patients relative to
report diarrhea and to
avoid self-threatening
pseudomembranus
colitis
5. Be alert for other
adverse reactions and
drug interactions
DRUG NAME CLASSIFICATION Therapeutic class Action Adverse effects Nursing responsibility
Januvia Dipeptydyl peptidase-4 Antidiabetic Decreases hepatic Upper Respiratory Tract 1. Assess for patients
(DPP-4) inhibitor glucose production. Infection, Nasopharyngitis, history of diabetes
100 mg Decreases intestinal Headache, Pancreatitis,
glucose absorption. Hypersensitivity Reactions 2. Monitor for patients
Increases sensitivity to (eg. Anaphylaxis, blood glucose before
insulin. angioedema, Stevens-John and after giving
Syndrome), Severe and medications
disabling arthralgia
3. Assess for
hypersensitivity to
Metformin

4. Assess for patients

renal function

5. Monitor signs and

symptoms of
hypoglycemic reactions
(eg. Cold and clammy
extremities)

6. Discontinue if renal
impairment occurs

7. Instruct patient and/or

 patients relative to do
proper foot care

8. Instruct patient and/or

patients relative for
unpleasant metallic
taste of the drug
DRUG NAME CLASSIFICATION Therapeutic class Action Adverse effects Nursing responsibility
Benzodiazepine Anxiolytic, Exact mechanisms of CNS: Transient, mild 1. Monitor liver and
Diazepam Antiepileptic action not understood; drowsiness, sedation, renal function, CBC
acts mainly at the depression, lethargy, during long-term therapy
limbic system and apathy, fatigue, light
reticular formation; headedness, disorientation, 2. Carefully monitor BP,
may act in spinal cord restlessness, confusion, Pulse rate, Respiration
and at supraspinal crying, delirium, headache,
sites to produce slurred speech, dysarthria, 3. Instruct patient and/or
skeletal muscle stupor, rigidity, tremor, patients relative to take
relaxation; potentiates dystonia, vertigo, euphoria, this drug exactly as
the effects of GABA, nervousness, difficulty in prescribed
an inhibitory concentration, vivid dreams,
neurotransmitter; psychomotor retardation, 4. Taper dosage
anxiolytic effects occur visual and auditory gradually after long-term
at doses well below disturbances, nystagmus therapy, especially in
those necessary to epileptic patients
cause sedation; ataxia; CV: Bradycardia,
has little effect on Tachycardia, CV collapse,
cortical function hypertension, palpitations

GI: Constipation, Diarrhea,

Dry Mouth, Salivation,
Nausea, Vomiting,
 Anorexia, Difficulty in
Swallowing, Hepatic
impairment, Jaundice

Other: Drug dependence

DRUG NAME CLASSIFICATION Therapeutic class Action Adverse effects Nursing responsibility
Antiemetic/ Antiemetic Blocks dopamine CNS: Drowsiness, 1. Assess patient for
Plasil Gastrointestinal Agent receptors and (when Extrapyramidal Reactions, abdominal pain,
Prokinetic given in higher doses) Restlessness, Anxiety, distention and bowel
also blocks serotonin Depression, Irritability, sound
receptors in Tardive Dyskinesia
chemoreceptor trigger 2. Assess client for
zone of the CNS; CV: Arrhytmias, extrapyramidal reactions
enhances the Hypertension, Hypotension
response to 3. Monitor for tardive
acetylcholine of tissue GI: Constipation, Diarrhea, dyskinesia
in upper GI tract Dry Mouth, Nausea
causing enhanced 4. Monitor BP carefully
motility and Endo: Gynecomastia
accelerated gastric
emptying without
stimulating gastric,
biliary, or pancreatic
secretions; increases
lower esophageal
sphincter tone
DRUG NAME CLASSIFICATION Therapeutic class Action Adverse effects Nursing responsibility

Anti-Anginal Anti-Anginal Treatment of heart Gastric discomfort, nausea, 1. Take BP and Pulse
Angimax disease, angina headache, vertigo rate of patient before
pectoris, sequelae of administering drug
infarction;
MR tab: Ischemia of 2. Instruct patient and/or
neurosensorial tissues patients relative that the
drug should be taken
with food (take after
meals)

3. Monitor for and report

Signs and Symptoms of
bleeding, ecchymosis,
epistaxis, GI bleeding,
hematuria, hemoptysis