NAVAL SCIENCE 31

MILITARY LEADERSHIP

In military as well as in civilian usage, the functions of commands, management, and

leadership become a question of interpretation due to their interrelationship. To enable each
leader to begin the study of leadership with a common foundation, it is necessary to understand these
terms, their definitions, and their relationship in the military service.

COMMAND - is the authority a person in the military service lawfully exercises over sub-ordinates
by virtue of his rank and assignment position.

Command- is based primarily on authority delegated through the chain of command.

Authority- is the legitimate power of a leader to direct those sub-ordinates to him or take
action within the scope of his position.
The guidelines for the responsibility and authority exercised by officers and non-commissioned
officers come from regulations, manuals, orders, and other directives; but these do not cover all
situations.

What is the relationship of the leader to responsibility and authority?

The leader is responsible for what his men do or fail to do, as well as for the physical assets
of his unit. He is responsible down the chain of command for his subordinates and up the chain of
command for mission accomplishment.
He has authority to direct his mens actions towards the accomplishment of mission
assigned by superiors and to generate activities such as training and maintenance which will
prepare his unit to accomplish its mission.
The increase in responsibility and authority to hand-in-hand with increased experience and higher
rank.
The commander is responsible for attainment of the numerous goals of his organization. To
attain
them, he must use good leadership techniques in dealing with his men and good management
techniques in organizing and providing the resources necessary to accomplish the mission.

MANAGEMENT- The process of planning, organizing, coordinating, directing, and controlling resources
such as men, material, time and money to accomplish the organizational mission.
As can be seen from this definition, then commander is involved in all organizational activities.
When a commander is unable to personally supervise each activity, he delegates his authority and
thereby uses his subordinates to assist him in the accomplishment of the mission.
Of the resources available to the manager, men are the most important. This resource is
the foundation for the employment of the other resources. The manager uses the process of
leadership to control this critical resource.

1
 AN ANALYSIS OF LEADERSHIP

LEADERSHIP- has been defined by different authorities several ways.

One define it is the art of imposing ones will upon others such a manner as to command their.:
obedience, loyal cooperation, respect

But definition that will fit all types of leadership by the civilian or military are as follows:

Leadership - is the art (or techniques) of inducing others to cooperate toward achieving group goals.
Art or Technique - it is essentially trained or acquired ability and will to effectively
control it and the desire to accept responsibility.

TWO FOLD RESPONSIBILITIES OF A LEADER:

1.Accomplishment of mission
2.His duty to his men TWO BASIC

TYPES OF LEADERS:

1. AUTHORITARIAN- A leaders who lead to much on the use of the power vested upon his
position and uses persistently fear or punishment to realize his ends.
- Uses very little or no appeal to the sentiment of his men under him.
- He exerts little or no effort to develop a persuasive personality.
- He very often degenerates into the martinet, a type that is not admired. Martinet- a
very strict disciplinarian.
- Very much tolerated in the armed forces.

2. PERSUASIVE- A leader who build a leadership base upon his understanding in care of his men.
- He consider as much as possible the human element in all his actuations.
- He is highly sensitive to the thoughts or motives, feelings and actions of those above
and below him.
- His endeavors constantly to
gain the: affection
respect
confidence of his men by his example and ability.

Military Leadership - is the process of influencing men to accomplish the mission.

Two (2) common Elements:

a. Accomplishment of a mission or task, and
b. The influence of one man, the leader on another man or group of men.

Leadership involves the personal relationship of one person to another, the ability of a
commander to use his personality to directly influence his subordinates to accomplish a mission.
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