01110111 01101111 01110101 01101100 01100100 00100000 01100001 01101110 01110111 01101111 01110101 01101100 01100100 00100000 01100001

01100100 00100000 01100001 01101110

00100000 01100001
Why would 01110010
an architect learn to01100011 01101000
code, and what 01101001
benefits 01110100
does coding have for 01100101 00100000 01100001
It was not long ago01110010 01100011
that all architectural 01101000
drawings were01101001 01110100 01100101
created, painstakingly by
01100011 01110100 00100000 01101100 01100101 01100001 01110010 01101110
design? 01100011 01110100 00100000 01101100 01100101 01100001 01110010 01101110
hand. Even as someone born in the 1990s I was still taught how to draw using a
00100000 01110100 01101111 00100000 01100011 01101111 01100100 01100101 drawing01110100
00100000 board at school. Now however,
01101111 00100000 all01100011
architectural drawings 01100100
01101111 are created 01100101
Introduction
00101100 00100000 01100001 01101110 01100100 00100000 01110111 01101000 through the use of CAD (Computer-Aided Design)
00101100 00100000 01100001 01101110 01100100 00100000 01110111 systems. Drawing boards are
01101000
now a thing of the past and children these days are instead taught coding at school
01100001 01110100 00100000 01100010 01100101 01101110 01100101 01100110 01100001 01110100 00100000 01100010 01100101 01101110 01100101 01100110
I recently started studying for my masters in architecture and am learning how to from as young as the age of five!
01101001 01110100 01110011 00100000 01100100 01101111 01100101 01110011 01101001 01110100 01110011 00100000 01100100 01101111 01100101 01110011
code as part of my History and Theory module (yes really). The question therefore
00100000 01100011
Why would 01101111
an architect 01100100
learn to code, and01101001 01101110
what benefits 01100111
does coding have for00100000 00100000
Through01100011
programs 01101111
like AutoCAD, 01100100 01101001
architects can draw 01101110 01100111
a set of drawings 00100000
far faster
01101000
design?01100001
is one that01110110
I have asked 01100101 00100000
myself many 01100110
times over 01101111
the past few weeks. 01110010 01101000
and more01100001
accurately01110110 01100101
then they could 00100000
ever have done by01100110
hand. Not 01101111 01110010
to mention the
00100000 01100100
Particularly when I 01100101
have been up 01110011 01101001
in the early 01100111
hours of the morning 01101110 00111111
trying to work 00100000
fact that01100100
they can be01100101 01110011
easily altered without 01101001 01100111
the use of Tipp-ex! 01101110
Through 00111111
these CAD
out something as relatively simple as getting a grid of boxes to rotate! programs, architects can realize designs that would not have been possible twenty or
thirty years ago, and can do so without knowing anything about the code that runs
For the benefit of the layman (and to add a few extra words to my word count) I will them. So why then would an architect learn to code, and what benefits does coding
first explain what coding actually is. The definition of code, as found on have for design? These are questions that I will seek to answer throughout the
dictionary.com is as follows: course of this essay.

A set of symbols that can be interpreted by a computer or piece of

software. (Dictionary.com, 2016)

Helpful? Put simply, code is a series of words, letters and numbers that control the
operations of a computer. It is a set of rules (known as algorithms) that are written
in programming language. When read by the computer these algorithms act like a
00
list of instructions that dictate how the computer and its programs all function. The 11 00
term coding (unsurprisingly) refers to the act of writing such code. 100 000
000 110
0 0 100 001
Whether we are aware of it or not, code plays a huge roll in the everyday lives of all 10
10 0001 0001
0 0 0 0 0000
of us in the modern world. Without code we would not have computers, smart 0 0 00 0
1 00 00 0
00 1 0 1 1 0 1 10001
0 0 00 0
phones or tablets and all of the devices that we rely upon today. The development of 0 100 0 1 00 00110 100 00
0 0 0 0 1 00 1
0011 1 0 000 11 0
0011 00011
0 0011 1 0 000 11
more sophisticated code and the wide spread availability of computers has changed 00 0 0 1 0
00 01 0 0
00 0 0 1
00 001
0011 00 10 00 00 00 001 0011 00 10
the landscape of almost every profession, including and not least of all architecture. 00 00
0000 1 1 00 1 1 0 0001 1 0100 0 0 0 000 0 11 0
0000 00 01 0 000 0000 00 01
01110111 01101111 01110101 01101100 01100100 00100000 01100001 01101110 0 1 1000 00 0011 0000 01 00
1100 0 0 00 0
0000 1 000 00 011 0 000 1100 0 1 00 0 0 0 0 00
0
1 0 0 1
001 0 0 100 0000 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 001 0 100
1 0000 1
00100000 01100001 01110010 01100011 01101000 01101001 01110100 01100101 001 10 10
0001 00011 110000 110000 0 100 0011 0000 110001 10001
0 0001 1110 0 00 001110 0 1
In the last two decades, architecture has transformed from a manually 0 0 1
1 11 0 0 0
10 110 001 0100 0 1 0 0 00 11 0 0 0
110 0 0 0 110 110001
01100011 01110100 00100000 01101100 01100101 01100001 01110010 01101110 00 0 0 0001 0 0 0 001100 01100 100000 000011 0000 00
1000 0 1 1 00110 00011 00001 00110 1 1
0 1 00011 0001 0
0
0011 000011 00011 0110
driven tool-based design and practice profession to a computer-driven 0 0000 1 0 10 1 0 00 0 01 1 0
0 1 0 0000 00100 00010 00011 0 00 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
01 0 0 0 0 0 100 00011
00100000 01110100 01101111 00100000 01100011 01101111 01100100 01100101 0
0 0 1 0 100 0 010 0 1100 1 00 00 010 01 1 0 0 00 0 0 0 000 0 0 1 100000
1
0 00
0 01 01100 1 000
0 0
10
form-based design and global practice. (Terzidis, 2006, p.40) 0 1
0 000 0 0
11 00 100 0 0 1 001 0 100 0 0 1 0 1 110 01 1 001 0 1 0 00 100 00 1
00101100 00100000 01100001 01101110 01100100 00100000 01110111 01101000 1 0 0 1 0 0 001 10 00 1 00 0 1 001 0 00 00
1 0 1 0 0 01 0 10 0 001 00 100
0 00 1 0 00 1 0 00 11 0 01 0 10 0 001 00 100
01100001 01110100 00100000 01100010 01100101 01101110 01100101 01100110 0 1 10 01 0 00 1 0 000 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1
0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 00 1 0 000 0 0 1
1 1 0 1 1 0 10 1 1 1 0 0 0 100 10
01 1 0 1 10 1 1
01101001 01110100 01110011 00100000 01100100 01101111 01100101 01110011 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0
1 10 0
0 0 0 1 1 1
1 0 0 00 0 0 1 1 1
00100000 01100011 01101111 01100100 01101001 01101110 01100111 00100000 1 0 0 0
0 0
0
0
1 0 1
0 0
0 0
01101000 01100001 01110110 01100101 00100000 01100110 01101111 01110010 page 03 0
0 0
page 04
0 1 0
00100000 01100100 01100101 01110011 01101001 01100111 01101110 00111111
01110111 01101111 01110101 01101100 01100100 00100000 01100001 01101110 01110111 01101111 01110101 01101100 01100100 00100000 01100001 01101110
00100000
Chapter01100001
1: Why Would 01110010 01100011
an Architect Learn 01101000
to Code? 01101001 01110100 01100101 00100000 01100001
mate with 01110010
code, software 01100011
developer 01101000
Al Sweigart 01101001
(2015), 01110100
demonstrates a number 01100101
of
01100011 01110100 00100000 01101100 01100101 01100001 01110010 01101110 01100011 01110100 00100000 01101100 01100101 01100001 01110010 01101110
other examples (six of them in fact) as to how code can be used to help us to work
In an attempt
00100000 to answer
01110100 this question
01101111 I went01100011
00100000 to the source that every
01101111 member of01100101
01100100 the lazy. These
00100000 examples
01110100 include00100000
01101111 the creation01100011
of our own,01101111
custom keyboard
01100100shortcuts
01100101
modern generation looks to when seeking answers: Google. Upon
00101100 00100000 01100001 01101110 01100100 00100000 01110111 01101000 typing in the and the introduction of functions like spell checking capabilities
00101100 00100000 01100001 01101110 01100100 00100000 01110111 01101000 to programs that
search parameters architecture and coding, I came across an article on the might not process them already.
01100001 01110100 00100000 01100010 01100101 01101110 01100101 01100110 01100001 01110100 00100000 01100010 01100101 01101110 01100101 01100110
website, Archdaily, which, rather handily was entitled: 5 Reasons Architects
01101001 01110100 01110011 00100000 01100100 01101111 01100101 01110011 01101001 01110100 01110011 00100000 01100100 01101111 01100101 01110011
Should Learn Code (2015). The author of the article, Michael Kilkelly is a practic- The concept of helping us to work lazy is a seductive reason for learning how to
00100000 01100011
ing architect 01101111
and founder of the01100100 01101001 01101110
website, archsmarter. 01100111to00100000
A website dedicated 00100000
code. Its01100011 01101111
benefits are easy to see;01100100 01101001
through using coding01101110
to complete01100111 00100000
the repetitive
01101000
helping01100001
architects to01110110 01100101
work smarter, 00100000
not harder 01100110
through 01101111
the teaching of skills 01110010
such 01101000 01100001 01110110
and time-consuming tasks (such01100101 00100000
as the creation of door01100110
schedule), 01101111 01110010
an architects
00100000 01100100 01100101 01110011 01101001 01100111 01101110
as coding. The five reasons Kilkelly gives as to why an architect should learn to 00111111 00100000
time can01100100
instead be01100101
utilized on 01110011
more important01101001
matters.01100111 01101110
However, useful as this00111111
code are as follows: might be, using code in this way is not adding anything to the design process that
could not have been achieved otherwise. This is something that Kilkelly explores
1. Coding helps you master your tools through his first and third reasons as to why architects should learn code.
2. Coding helps you work lazy
3. Coding helps you solve problems Coding helps you master your tools & Coding helps you solve problems
4. Coding helps you think algorithmically
5. Coding is actually fun When using a computer program Im sure all of us have thought in the past (if not
on a regular basis) if only it did this or if only it had this tool or this feature!
So there we goessay done! Here we have five reasons as to why an architect Kilkelly explains how the use of coding can allow architects to customize the
would learn to code! But what does Kilkelly actually mean by them? During the programs they use. If a very specific tool was needed for their work for example
course of this essay I would like to expand upon these reasons and explain them then an architect could alter the code of the CAD program they were using and add
fully. Taking these reasons in a logical order (much like a computer) I would like to it themselves, thus mastering their tools. Kilkelly equates this process to getting
start withumm wellthe second one: Coding helps you work lazy (ok so maybe under the hood of a car and upgrading it to a hot rod. Through this method, archi-
thats not the approach a computer would have taken). tects can customize CAD programs to suit their needs, allowing them to achieve
things that the program would not have allowed them to do otherwise. Within his
Coding helps you work lazy reason: Coding helps you solve problems, Kilkelly states that coding:

By this term work lazy, Kilkelly means that through the use of code we can Its another tool in your toolbox. We architects shouldnt be content to just use the
change the function of computer programs to do the boring, repetitive tasks for us. tools the software companies provide for us. We should be making our own tools.
When it comes to such a task within the profession of architecture I think that all of (Kilkelly, 2015) This notion is one that Kevin Rotheroe concurs with, in an article
01110111
us would01101111 01110101
think of one 01101100Yep
thing in particular. 01100100 00100000
you guessed 01100001
it: the creation of 01101110 01110111
entitled:01101111 01110101
A Vision for 01101100
Parametric 01100100
Design, Rotheroe 00100000 01100001 01101110
states:
00100000
window01100001 01110010This
and door schedules. 01100011
is exactly01101000
the example01101001 01110100
that Kilkelly sites. He01100101 00100000 01100001 01110010 01100011 01101000 01101001 01110100 01100101
01100011
explains01110100 00100000
of how, through 01101100
altering the code 01100101
of Microsoft01100001 01110010
Excel; he was 01101110
able to stitch 01100011 01110100
Designers who 00100000 01101100
use off-the-shelf 01100101
software 01100001accepting
are passively 01110010the01101110
00100000
together01110100
a door and01101111 00100000
room schedule. A task 01100011
that (as there01101111
were over01100100
two thousand01100101 00100000 01110100
limitations 01101111
embedded 00100000
within the code01100011 01101111user
and the graphical 01100100 01100101
00101100 00100000 01100001 01101110 01100100 00100000 01110111 01101000
doors to sort through) would have taken hours to achieve manually, but though the 00101100 00100000architects
interfacefew 01100001are01101110 01100100
interested 00100000
in becoming 01110111
skilled program-01101000
01100001 01110100
use of coding, took00100000 01100010
under half an hour. 01100101 01101110 01100101 01100110 01100001 01110100 00100000
mers. Nonetheless, 01100010 01100101
a few far-sighted 01101110
practices, notably 01100101
Foster's and 01100110
01101001 01110100 01110011 00100000 01100100 01101111 01100101 01110011 01101001 01110100 01110011 00100000 01100100 01101111 01100101
Gehry's, have computer programmers not only on staff but fully inte- 01110011
In an article on, opensource.com entitled: 6 time-consuming tasks you can auto
00100000 01100011 01101111 01100100 01101001 01101110 01100111 00100000 00100000
grated 01100011 01101111
into design 01100100 01101001
teams. (Rotheroe 2002) 01101110 01100111 00100000
01101000 01100001 01110110 01100101 00100000 01100110 01101111 01110010 page 05 01101000 01100001 01110110 01100101 00100000 01100110 01101111 01110010 page 06
00100000 01100100 01100101 01110011 01101001 01100111 01101110 00111111 00100000 01100100 01100101 01110011 01101001 01100111 01101110 00111111
01110111 01101111 01110101 01101100 01100100 00100000 01100001 01101110 01110111 01101111 01110101 01101100 01100100 00100000 01100001 01101110
00100000 01100001
Frank Gehry and His 01110010
Fish 01100011 01101000 01101001
I still 01110100
dont know how to01100101
use 00100000 01100001
I started making01110010 01100011
shapes that were hard01101000 01101001 01110100 01100101
01100011 01110100 00100000 01101100 01100101 01100001
a computer, 01110010
except 01101110
to throw it 01100011 01110100
to draw. That led00100000 01101100and
us to the computer 01100101 01100001 01110010 01101110
Though Gehry is a famous technophobe
00100000 01110100 01101111 00100000 01100011 that 01101111
at someone 01100100 01100101
(Gehry) 00100000 01110100
to CATIA software01101111 00100000
which made me 01100011 01101111 01100100 01100101
doesnt know how to use a computer, his
00101100 00100000 01100001 01101110 01100100 00100000 01110111 01101000 00101100
realize00100000 01100001
the possibilities and01101110
the level 01100100 00100000 01110111 01101000
practice is a good example of one that does
01100001 01110100 00100000 01100010 01100101 01101110
I know I draw01100101 01100110
without taking 01100001 01110100
and degree 00100000
of accuracy you01100010 01100101 01101110 01100101 01100110
could create
not accept the limitations of off the shelf
01101001 01110100 01110011 00100000 01100100 my pen off the page. I just01110011
01101111 01100101 01101001
in your documents and your relation- 01100100 01101111 01100101 01110011
01110100 01110011 00100000
software.
00100000 01100011 01101111 01100100 01101001 keep01101110
going, and01100111
that my 00100000 00100000 01100011
ships because of 01101111 01100100
the software. (Gehry)01101001 01101110 01100111 00100000
01101000
Gehry is01100001
renowned for 01110110 01100101 00100000
his free flowing, 01100110
drawings I think01101111
of them 01110010
as 01101000 01100001 01110110 01100101 00100000 01100110 01101111 01110010
Figure 2
00100000
organic 01100100
designs that01100101
are informed01110011
by the 01101001 01100111
scribbles. 01101110
I dont 00111111
think they 00100000 01100100
The finished 01100101
Olympic Fish was01110011
constructed01101001 01100111 01101110 00111111
making of models and the drawing of, as mean anything to anybody within six months of Gehrys practice adopt-
ing the use of CATIA. However, upon starting
Gehry would refer to them: scribbles. The except to me, and then at the
problem is though (or rather was) that the other projects they soon realized that they
end of the day, the end of the
gestural shapes formed from these scribbles project they wheel out these needed architecture-related features that the
were challenging to construct as actual, stable little drawings and theyre program didnt offer. In his book, CAD
buildings. One such design that proved Principles for Architectural Design, Peter
damn close to what the Szalapaj states that:
difficult to construct was his pavilion for the
1992 Olympic games in Barcelona. The
finished building is and its
design, know as the Peix Olimpic (or the drawing (Gehry) In order that designers can fully exploit
Figure 3
Olympic Fish) was a 50m mesh sculpture that CAD systems, they need firstly to be able to
took the form of, (as you might have guessed customize them to suit their own needs and
from the name) a fish. working practices, and secondly, to become
more involved in developing their own
It was during the course of this project that computer programs. (Szalapaj, 2001, p.211)
the practice first used the program CATIA
(Computer Aided Three dimensional Interac- This is exactly what Gehrys practice went
tive Application), a 3D modeling and simula- about doing. Through the use of coding they
tion program used by the aerospace industry. modified CATIA and customized it to help
The practice had initially tasked a contractor Figure 1
with the creation of Gehrys most famous Figure 4
to create a mock up of the sculpture through a design: the Guggenheim Bilbao. Following
01110111 01101111
traditional set of 2D01110101 01101100
drawings that they had01100100 00100000 01100001 01101110 01110111 01101111with
their experiments 01110101 01101100
the program the 01100100 00100000 01100001 01101110
00100000
created01100001 01110010
but the contractor failed01100011
to do so 01101000 01101001 01110100 01100101 00100000 01100001 01110010 01100011of01101000 01101001 01110100 01100101
practice then worked with the developers
01100011 01110100
(even after 00100000
four attempts!). 01101100
Through the use01100101
of 01100001 01110010 01101110 CATIA01110100
01100011 to create an00100000
architecture01101100
specific 01100101 01100001 01110010 01101110
00100000
CATIA01110100 01101111
however, Gehrys 00100000
practice was able01100011
to 01101111 01100100 01100101 version01110100
00100000 called Digital Project, which
01101111 they still
00100000 01100011 01101111 01100100 01100101
use today.
00101100 00100000 01100001 01101110 01100100 00100000 01110111 01101000
produce a stress tested 3D model that contrac- 00101100 00100000 01100001 01101110 01100100 00100000 01110111 01101000
01100001 01110100
tors could 00100000
refer to directly; 01100010 01100101 01101110 01100101 01100110
translating 01100001 01110100 00100000 01100010 01100101 01101110 01100101 01100110
digitized coordinates into cutting
01101001 01110100 01110011 00100000 instructions
01100100 01101111 01100101 01110011
01101001 01110100 01110011 00100000 01100100 01101111 01100101 01110011
and machine tooling paths.
00100000 01100011 01101111 01100100 01101001 01101110 01100111 00100000 00100000 01100011 01101111 01100100 01101001 01101110 01100111 00100000
01101000 01100001 01110110 01100101 00100000 01100110 01101111 01110010
page 07 01101000 01100001 01110110 01100101 00100000 01100110 01101111 01110010
page 08
00100000 01100100 01100101 01110011 01101001 01100111 01101110 00111111 00100000 01100100 01100101 01110011 01101001 01100111 01101110 00111111
01110111 01101111 01110101 01101100 01100100 00100000 01100001 01101110 01110111 01101111 01110101 01101100 01100100 00100000 01100001 01101110
00100000
Through01100001 01110010
Gehrys practice 01100011
we can 01101000
see a clear 01101001
example of as to why01110100
an architect01100101 00100000
Chapter01100001 01110010
2: What Benefits Does01100011
Coding Have01101000 01101001
Writing code 01110100 01100101
is one gateway
01100011 01110100 00100000 01101100 01100101 01100001 01110010and
would learn to code. Through the use of coding they were able to customize 01101110 01100011 01110100 00100000 01101100 01100101
for Design? 01100001these
for realizing 01110010 01101110
new forms.
create programs that helped to realize Gehrys complex designs.
00100000 01110100 01101111 00100000 01100011 01101111 01100100 01100101 However, as Evan 00100000 01110100 01101111 00100000 01100011 01101111 01100100
Learning to program and01100101
to
Douglis00100000
00101100 states about01100001
Gehry in his book, Autogenic
01101110 01100100Structures:
00100000 01110111 01101000 Coding00100000
00101100 helps you think algorithmically
01100001 01101110 01100100 00100000 01110111 01101000
engage the computer more
01100001 01110100 00100000 01100010 01100101 01101110 01100101 01100110 01100001 01110100 00100000 01100010 01100101 01101110
directly 01100101
with code opens 01100110
the
Aside from its visual complicity, the resulting work shows little Within this reason Kilkelly suggests that
01101001 01110100 01110011 00100000 01100100 01101111 01100101 01110011 01101001 01110100 01110011 00100000 01100100 01101111 01100101 01110011
evidence of the computers role in the creation of underlying prin- computers and coding can be used not just as possibility of not only creat-
00100000 01100011 01101111 01100100 01101001 01101110 01100111 00100000 00100000
tools to01100011 01101111 01100100
aid in the representation 01101001 01101110 01100111 00100000
and coordi-
ciples. Because the tools themselves offer little surprise, ing tools, but also systems,
01101000 01100001 01110110 01100101 00100000 01100110 01101111 01110010 01101000 01100001
nation of designs, in01110110
the manner01100101 00100000 01100110 01101111 01110010
that Gehrys
informationis defined as a disembodied content that travels unchanged environments, and entirely
00100000 01100100 01100101 01110011 01101001 01100111 01101110 00111111 00100000
practice01100100
uses them. 01100101 01110011
But that they 01101001
can be used 01100111 01101110 00111111
between different media (from physical models to scanned data sets, to new modes of expression. It is
as aids throughout the design process, to
built forms, etc.(Douglis, 2008, p.154) inform and help generate the final outcome. here that the computer ceases
Steve jobs once said: to be a tool and instead
Douglas suggests that Gehry simply uses computers as a tool to help represent and
construct designs that have been developed through traditional methods such as becomes a medium. (Reas,
I think everyone in this country should C. and McWilliams, C. 2010,
sketching and model making. This, in large part, is how Kilkellys first three reasons
learn how to program a computer.
as to why architects should learn can be characterized: as tools to help save time and p.25)
to aid in the representation of designs. However, what Douglis suggests is that Should learn a computer language
computers and the use of coding can be used as more then just tools to aid the because it teaches you how to think.
design process. This is something that Kilkelly explores in his fourth reason as to (Steve Jobs)
why architects should learn code: Coding helps you think algorithmically.
A computer thinks differently to human
beings, particularly architects and those of us
within the creative industries. As Kilkelly
describes them, architects are notorious right
brain thinkers; they rely on creativity and
intuition. In contrast, a computer thinks
algorithmically, it follows an objective,
step-by-step process by which a problem is
either solved or it isnt. In his book, Algorith-
mic Architecture,
01110111 01101111 01110101 01101100 01100100 00100000 01100001 01101110 01110111 01101111Kostas
01110101Terzidis states that:
01101100 01100100 00100000 01100001 01101110
00100000 01100001 01110010 01100011 01101000 01101001 01110100 01100101 00100000 01100001 01110010 01100011 01101000 01101001 01110100 01100101
01100011 01110100 00100000 01101100 01100101 01100001 01110010 01101110 While01110100
01100011 the original goal of01101100
00100000 CAD was01100101
to 01100001 01110010 01101110
00100000 01110100 01101111 00100000 01100011 01101111 01100100 01100101 free the designer from repetitive,
00100000 01110100 01101111 00100000 01100011 01101111 01100100 01100101
00101100 00100000 01100001 01101110 01100100 00100000 01110111 01101000 tedious,
00101100 or time-consuming
00100000 tasksit 01100100 00100000 01110111 01101000
01100001 01101110
01100001 01110100 00100000 01100010 01100101 01101110 01100101 01100110 also sought
01100001 to empower
01110100 00100000the01100010
designer 01100101 01101110 01100101 01100110
01101001 01110100 01110011 00100000 01100100 01101111 01100101 01110011 with the
01101001 means to01110011
01110100 explore beyond the01100100 01101111 01100101 01110011
00100000
00100000 01100011 01101111 01100100 01101001 01101110 01100111 00100000 traditional
00100000 framework
01100011 of manual
01101111 01100100 01101001 01101110 01100111 00100000
01101000 01100001 01110110 01100101 00100000 01100110 01101111 01110010
page 09 design. (Terzidis, 2006, p.54)
01101000 01100001 01110110 01100101 00100000 01100110 01101111 01110010page 10
00100000 01100100 01100101 01110011 01101001 01100111 01101110 00111111 00100000 01100100 01100101 01110011 01101001 01100111 01101110 00111111
01110111 01101111 01110101 01101100 01100100 00100000 01100001 01101110 01110111 01101111 01110101 01101100 01100100 00100000 01100001 01101110
00100000
Kilkelly01100001
and Terzidis01110010 01100011
suggest that 01101000
the computers way of01101001 01110100
thinking should 01100101
be utilized 00100000 01100001
As described by its01110010 01100011
architect, Bjarke 01101000 01101001 01110100 01100101
Ingels,
01100011 01110100
and applied 00100000
to design. Computers01101100
should be01100101 01100001
seen not just 01110010
as just tools to help 01101110 01100011 01110100
the pavilion 00100000
takes the form of an01101100
unzipped01100101 01100001 01110010 01101110
represent01110100
00100000 ideas that 01101111
have been designed
00100000 through traditional
01100011 methods01100100
01101111 but should01100101
be wall, created
00100000 01110100from01101111
a series of box-like
00100000 01100011 01101111 01100100 01100101
seen as a partner in the design process. The meaning of CAD is
00101100 00100000 01100001 01101110 01100100 00100000 01110111 01101000 off course Com- fiberglass frames. The design
00101100 00100000 01100001 01101110 was developed
01100100 00100000 01110111 01101000
puter Aided Design, yet most architects and designers use computers only as a using parametric modeling and an interactive
01100001 01110100 00100000 01100010 01100101 01101110 01100101 01100110 01100001 01110100 00100000 01100010 01100101 01101110 01100101 01100110
drawing tool and not of a means of generating forms (something that I am defiantly version of it can be found on the website,
01101001 01110100 01110011 00100000 01100100 01101111 01100101 01110011 01101001 01110100 01110011 00100000 01100100 01101111 01100101 01110011
guilty of). In the book, Code: Between Operation, the author describes how: Archdaily. The model (as depicted in
00100000 01100011 01101111 01100100 01101001 01101110 01100111 00100000 00100000
figures 01100011 01101111how
5 and 6) demonstrates 01100100 01101001 01101110 01100111 00100000
changing
01101000 01100001
New forms 01110110
can be 01100101
generated 00100000
according 01100110
to selected 01101111
parameters and 01110010 01101000 01100001
parameters such as 01110110
height, brick01100101
dimensions 00100000 01100110 01101111 01110010
00100000 01100100
specifications, and01100101
how the 01110011 01101001
forces or rules 01100111work.
of production 01101110 00111111 00100000 01100100
and points 01100101
of contortion 01110011
can alter the form 01101001
of 01100111 01101110 00111111
(Gleiniger, 2010, p.37) the pavilion. Allowing the designer to use the
Figure 5
computer directly to explore a range of
Parametric Design different forms in order to find a final
outcome.
As Gleiniger alluded to, new forms can be generated through the use of selected
parameters. This method of designing is known as parametric design. Defined Though parametric design may be all well
broadly a parameter is a value that has an effect on the output of a process; this and good as a design method, it is a feature
could be something as simple as the amount of sugar in a cake effecting how sweet that is now included in several CAD
it tastes. Though in the designing of buildings (something arguably more complex programs such as the aforementioned (yep
then cake making) the parameters might instead include features such as budget, big word) Digital Project, and the more
structural capabilities, colour, size or materials. widely available Autodesks Grasshopper.
Which brings about the question: why would
The use of parametric design is a growing trend within architecture and one that an architect learn to code when these
programs include features like parametric Figure 6
Gehrys practice helped to pioneer through the development of programs such as
CATIA and Digital Project. However, as suggested in the paper, Parametric Model- modeling already? There are multiple reasons
ing for Advanced Architecture, (Starvic, M. and Marina, O. 2011, p.11) its applica- for this. In an article written by Milos
tion can be split into two categories: Dimcic, a programmer and architect, he states
that:
o Conceptual parametric design
o Constructive parametric design If you use parametric
01110111 01101111 01110101 01101100 01100100 00100000 01100001 01101110 01110111 01101111 01110101 01101100 01100100 00100000 01100001 01101110
tools(Grasshopper, simple scripts,
00100000 01100001 01110010 01100011 01101000 01101001 01110100 01100101 00100000 01100001 01110010 01100011 01101000 01101001 01110100 01100101
Gehrys use of the process falls into the latter of the two. His practice alters param- etc) for your design, you will notice
01100011 01110100
eters such 00100000
as materials 01101100
and structural 01100101
capabilities 01100001
in order to find a01110010 01101110
solution that can 01100011 01110100 00100000 01101100 01100101 01100001 01110010 01101110
soon enough that you are very limited.
00100000 01110100 01101111 00100000 01100011 01101111 01100100
transform his scribbles into physical buildings. Conceptual parametric design 01100101
on 00100000 01110100 01101111 00100000 01100011 01101111 01100100 01100101
(Dimcic, 2014)
00101100 00100000 01100001 01101110 01100100 00100000 01110111
the other hand is the process of altering the parameters to generate new forms in 01101000 00101100 00100000 01100001 01101110 01100100 00100000 01110111 01101000
01100001
order to01110100
help find a00100000 01100010
final outcome, without 01100101 01101110
a preconceived end goal01100101 01100110
in mind. The 01100001 01110100 00100000 01100010 01100101 01101110 01100101 01100110
01101001 01110100
new Serpentine 01110011
Gallery 00100000
Pavilion 01100100
is an example 01101111
of a design created01100101
through this01110011 01101001 01110100 01110011 00100000 01100100 01101111 01100101 01110011
00100000
method.01100011 01101111 01100100 01101001 01101110 01100111 00100000 00100000 01100011 01101111 01100100 01101001 01101110 01100111 00100000
01101000 01100001 01110110 01100101 00100000 01100110 01101111 01110010 page 11 01101000 01100001 01110110 01100101 00100000 01100110 01101111 01110010
page 12
00100000 01100100 01100101 01110011 01101001 01100111 01101110 00111111 00100000 01100100 01100101 01110011 01101001 01100111 01101110 00111111
01110111 01101111 01110101 01101100 01100100 00100000 01100001 01101110 01110111 01101111 01110101 01101100 01100100 00100000 01100001 01101110
00100000 01100001
Which brings 01110010
us back 01100011
to Kilkellys 01101000
first reason 01101001
for learning 01110100
to code: to master 01100101
your 00100000 01100001
These steps 01110010
are repeated 01100011the01101000 01101001 01110100 01100101
until ultimately
01100011 01110100 00100000 01101100 01100101 01100001 01110010 01101110
tools and not accept the limitations of CAD programs. In the book, 01100011 01110100 00100000 01101100
turtles find a suitable position 01100101 01100001 01110010 01101110
and then stay
programming.architecture,
00100000 01110100 01101111 Paul00100000
Coates (2010) discusses
01100011 how he is01100100
01101111 often asked01100101
the there (Coates, 2010, p.8). Figure
00100000 01110100 01101111 00100000 011000117 shows the 01101111 01100100 01100101
same question as to why architects should learn to code. To which
00101100 00100000 01100001 01101110 01100100 00100000 01110111 01101000 he responds: trail of the turtles as they work their way
00101100 00100000 01100001 01101110 01100100 00100000 01110111 01101000
through the steps. This type of simple
01100001 01110100 00100000 01100010 01100101 01101110 01100101 01100110 01100001 01110100 00100000 01100010 01100101 01101110 01100101 01100110
If architects are to be systems designers, then they will need to think algorithm can be used to generate forms such
01101001 01110100 01110011 00100000 01100100 01101111 01100101 01110011 01101001 01110100 01110011 00100000 01100100 01101111 01100101 01110011
algorithmically, to be able to propose algorithms to a computer in order as that depicted in Figures 8 And ultimately,
00100000 01100011 01101111 01100100 01101001 01101110 01100111 00100000 00100000
as Coates 01100011
goes on to01101111 01100100
explain, can 01101001 01101110 01100111 00100000
be extrapo-
to develop their thoughts by observing the outcomes. And that
01101000 01100001 01110110 01100101 00100000 01100110 01101111 01110010 01101000
lated to01100001
form Veronoi 01110110
diagrams.01100101
Veronoi 00100000 01100110 01101111 01110010
Figure 7
while one can do this up to a point with ready-made system explor-
00100000 01100100 01100101 01110011 01101001 01100111 01101110 00111111 00100000
diagrams, 01100100 01100101
such as the 01110011
one depicted 01101001 01100111 01101110 00111111
in Figure
ing applications, the really creative thing is to define the algorithm
9 are created through the movement and
using the text of an algorithmic language. The nearer we get to talking arrangement of points (like the turtles) in
directly to the machine, the more freedom we have. (Coates, 2010, order to find the path of minimal distance
p.168) between them.

So Coates agrees that the ability to code offers us more freedom. Though, a word Veronoi diagrams can be utilized in a number
that appears a lot in the above quote (as you may have noticed) is the word of ways. They can be applied to aid with
algorithm. As described near the start of the essay (if you can remember that far Figure 8
structural design, they can be extrapolated
back), algorithms, in relation to coding, are sets of rules that a computer follows in into 3D forms and this process of space
order to complete tasks. planning as dictated by algorithms can even
be used to inform urban design. The redevel-
Algorithmic Design opment of the Glorieta Juan Carlos I (a rather
fancy sounding plaza in Spain) is an example
The book, programming.architecture explores how the writing of algorithms can of an urban design project created through the
be used to generate forms. It examines the relationship that can be had when a diagrams use. Within this award-winning
computer is seen as a partner in design as opposed to a tool and the benefits of scheme, a Veronoi diagram was created to
Figure 9
allowing geometry to emerge from the algorithms themselves, without outside subdivide the space into circulation and
manipulation like the changing of parameters. This process of generating forms is activity zones whilst preserving the existing
known as algorithmic design. vegetation. Though a relatively small-scale
project it is not hard to image how this
01110111 01101111
There are many types01110101 01101100
of algorithms 01100100
that can be written00100000 01100001
to create forms. 01101110 01110111
The first process01101111 01110101
could be utilized 01101100
for larger develop- 01100100 00100000 01100001 01101110
00100000
example01100001
that Coates01110010 01100011
sites is a simple 01101000
algorithm 01101001
(though one that I01110100 01100101 00100000
would struggle ments or01100001 01110010
even the planning 01100011
of entire cities.01101000 01101001 01110100 01100101
01100011 01110100
to write). 00100000
The process 01101100
starts with the random01100101
allocation01100001
of a series 01110010
of points 01101110 01100011 01110100 00100000 01101100 01100101 01100001 01110010 01101110
00100000 01110100 01101111 00100000 01100011 01101111 01100100
(referred to as turtles) that are spread across a plane. The turtles are 01100101
then asked to 00100000
Coates 01110100 01101111
goes on to explain in his00100000
book, 01100011 01101111 01100100 01100101
perform a series of steps:
00101100 00100000 01100001 01101110 01100100 00100000 01110111 01101000 00101100 00100000 01100001 01101110 01100100 00100000 01110111 01101000
programmng.architecture, how a host of other
01100001 01110100 00100000 01100010 01100101 01101110 01100101 01100110 01100001 01110100
algorithms 00100000
can be used 01100010
to generate forms 01100101 01101110 01100101 01100110
Step 1: Find the turtle nearest to you such as recursion algorithms, swarm algo- 01100100 01101111 01100101 01110011
01101001 01110100 01110011 00100000 01100100 01101111 01100101 01110011 01101001 01110100 01110011 00100000
Step 2: Turn to face this turtle rithms and even genetic algorithms.
00100000
Step 3: 01100011 01101111
Take one step backwards 01100100 01101001 01101110 01100111 00100000 00100000 01100011 01101111 01100100 01101001 01101110 01100111 00100000
Figure 10
01101000 01100001 01110110 01100101 00100000 01100110 01101111 01110010 page 13 01101000 01100001 01110110 01100101 00100000 01100110 01101111 01110010 page 14
00100000 01100100 01100101 01110011 01101001 01100111 01101110 00111111 00100000 01100100 01100101 01110011 01101001 01100111 01101110 00111111
01110111 01101111 01110101 01101100 01100100 00100000 01100001 01101110 01110111 01101111 01110101 01101100 01100100 00100000 01100001 01101110
00100000 01100001
Recursion 01110010 01100011 01101000 01101001 01110100 01100101
Algorithms 00100000
create a01100001 01110010
series of columns. 01100011
In his 01101000 01101001 01110100 01100101
opening line
01100011 01110100 00100000 01101100 01100101 01100001 01110010 01101110 01100011 01110100 00100000 01101100 01100101 01100001 01110010 01101110
Hansmeyer asks the question:
A recursion
00100000 algorithm
01110100 determines
01101111 a process01100011
00100000 by 01101111 01100100 01100101 00100000 01110100 01101111 00100000 01100011 01101111 01100100 01100101
which an object replicates itself in a certain
00101100 00100000 01100001 01101110 01100100 00100000 01110111 01101000 What00100000
00101100 kind of form could we
01100001 design 01100100
01101110 if 00100000 01110111 01101000
way. Resulting in a number of new objects and we didnt have to00100000
work with references
01100001 01110100 00100000 01100010 01100101 01101110 01100101 01100110 01100001 01110100 01100010 01100101 01101110 01100101 01100110
forms created from the replication process. anymore. If we had no biased, no kind01100100 01101111 01100101 01110011
01101001 01110100 01110011 00100000 01100100 01101111 01100101 01110011 01101001 01110100 01110011 00100000
00100000 of preconceptions. What kind of forms
Swarm 01100011
Algorithms 01101111 01100100 01101001 01101110 01100111 00100000 00100000 01100011 01101111 01100100 01101001 01101110 01100111 00100000
01101000 01100001 01110110 01100101 00100000 01100110 01101111 01110010 could we design if we could free
01101000 01100001 01110110 01100101 00100000 01100110 01101111 01110010
00100000
A swarm01100100
algorithm01100101 01110011
replicates the swarm 01101001 01100111 01101110 00111111
ourselves
00100000 from our
01100100 experience,
01100101 from 01101001 01100111 01101110 00111111
01110011
behavior exhibited by animals such as locusts our education? (Hansmeyer, 2012)
into a digital format. This digital swarm can Figure 11
then be put into a certain environment so that These are the kind of forms that coding and
the swarm can be studied and forms can be the use of algorithms can help us to achieve.
generated from its movement. Something completely new, that is unimagi-
nable. The use of computers in this way is
Genetic Algorithms not as a tool to represent a preconceived
design in the manner that Gehrys practice
A genetic algorithm is a method of problem would use them, but as a partners in design
solving in which the algorithm repeatedly that are allowed to generate the forms them-
modifies itself to create multiple different selves based on the rules that we set for them.
outcomes. Hansmeyer explains how he did not design
the form of the columns but rather created
Case Study Michael Hansmeyer Figure 12 the process that designed the form. He Figure 14
concludes by saying:
In a TED TALK video, Michael Hansmeyer
(2012), described in the summary as a compu- I think this project gives us a glimpse
tational architect explores the use of algo- at the unseen projects that await us if
rithms and computers to generate architectural we as architects begin to think about
forms. The example he shows in the video is designing not the object but a process to
01110111
how an01101111 01110101
algorithm that 01101100
he has written 01100100 00100000 01100001 01101110
can take 01110111 01101111 01110101 01101100 01100100 00100000 01100001 01101110
generate objects. In short we have no
00100000 01100001
the simple volume 01110010
of a cube and 01100011
fold it 01101000 01101001 01110100 01100101
00100000 01100001 01110010 01100011 01101000 01101001 01110100 01100101
constraints, we have processes in our
01100011
multiple01110100 00100000
times in order to create01101100
a completely01100101 01100001 01110010 01101110
01100011 01110100 00100000 01101100 01100101 01100001 01110010 01101110
hands right now that allow us to create
00100000
new and01110100 01101111
highly intricate form. 00100000
The algorithm01100011 01101111 01100100 01100101
00100000 01110100 01101111 00100000 01100011 01101111 01100100 01100101
structures at all scales that we couldnt
00101100 00100000 01100001 01101110 01100100 00100000 01110111 01101000
can be used an infinite number of times to 00101100 00100000 01100001 01101110 01100100 00100000 01110111 01101000
even have dreamt of. (Hansmeyer, Figure 15
01100001 01110100
create an 00100000
infinite number 01100010by01100101
of possibilities 01101110 01100101 01100110
Figure 13
01100001 01110100 00100000 01100010 01100101 01101110 01100101 01100110
simply 01110100
changing the01110011
parameters00100000
of the folding 2012)
01101001 01100100 01101111 01100101 01110011
01101001 01110100 01110011 00100000 01100100 01101111 01100101 01110011
ratio. Hansmeyer then repeats the process
00100000 01100011 01101111 01100100 01101001 01101110 01100111 00100000
00100000 01100011 01101111 01100100 01101001 01101110 01100111 00100000
through the folding of cylinders in order to
01101000 01100001 01110110 01100101 00100000 01100110 01101111 01110010
page 15 01101000 01100001 01110110 01100101 00100000 01100110 01101111 01110010
page 16
00100000 01100100 01100101 01110011 01101001 01100111 01101110 00111111 00100000 01100100 01100101 01110011 01101001 01100111 01101110 00111111
01110111 01101111 01110101 01101100 01100100 00100000 01100001 01101110 01110111 01101111 01110101 01101100 01100100 00100000 01100001 01101110
00100000 01100001 01110010 01100011 01101000 01101001 01110100 01100101
Conclusion 00100000 01100001
What benefits does01110010
coding have01100011
for design?01101000 01101001 01110100 01100101
01100011 01110100 00100000 01101100 01100101 01100001 01110010 01101110 01100011 01110100 00100000 01101100 01100101 01100001 01110010 01101110
Within 01110100
00100000 the course of01101111
this essay 00100000
(as you may01100011
have noticed) I have separated
01101111 01100100 the01100101
title Within 01110100
00100000 my introduction I included
01101111 the following
00100000 quote:01101111 01100100 01100101
01100011
question00100000
00101100 into two sections.
01100001 The01101110
first being, 01100100
why would 00100000
an architect01110111
learn to code?
01101000 00101100 00100000 01100001 01101110 01100100 00100000 01110111 01101000
And second being, what benefits does coding have for design? Not wanting to In the01110100
last two decades, architecture has transformed from a manually
01100001 01110100 00100000 01100010 01100101 01101110 01100101 01100110 01100001 00100000 01100010 01100101 01101110 01100101 01100110
break from this trend, I will again address these as separate questions within my driven 01110100
tool-based01110011
design and practice01100100
profession01101111
to a computer-driven
01101001 01110100 01110011 00100000 01100100 01101111 01100101 01110011 01101001 00100000 01100101 01110011
conclusion. form-based design and global practice. (Terzidi, 2006, p.40)
00100000 01100011 01101111 01100100 01101001 01101110 01100111 00100000 00100000 01100011 01101111 01100100 01101001 01101110 01100111 00100000
01101000 01100001
Why would 01110110
an architect learn to01100101
code? 00100000 01100110 01101111 01110010 01101000 01100001 01110110 01100101 00100000 01100110 01101111 01110010
What I neglected to include however was the following sentence:
00100000 01100100 01100101 01110011 01101001 01100111 01101110 00111111 00100000 01100100 01100101 01110011 01101001 01100111 01101110 00111111
In relation to this first question I have explored multiple reasons as to why an
This transformation, while impressive, has not yet reached its full
architect would learn to code. These reasons include how coding can be used to
potential. (Terzidi, 2006, p.40)
save time spent on repetitive tasks and how, help architects customize CAD
programs to suit their own needs and to achieve things that they would not have
By this the author was referring to the fact that computers and the use of coding
been able to do otherwise, as can be seen through the example of Gehry. Some-
could be used for much more then as tools as most architects use them but as
thing that I have not touched upon however are reasons why an architect shouldnt
creative partners in design that could help inform and create the final outcomes
learn to code. Through Gehrys practice we are presented with examples to how
themselves. Through examples like Hansmeyers columns we can see how
coding can prove useful. However, it is not the architect himself (the famous
algorithms can be used to generate designs that would have been unimaginable
technophobe that is Frank Gehry) that does the coding but the programmers on his
let alone undrawable without the use of code. Coding allows us to create unique
staff.
designs, based not on the traditional methods of architecture but through the
logical thinking of a computer.
In his article, Architects have to learn how to code? No Milos Dimcic (2014)
explains that learning how to program to the degree that it can become useful
Within his video however Hansmeyer explains that creating designs using algo-
within architecture is far too time consuming for a working architect to achieve.
rithms leads to a new role for the architect. The computer creates the designs
He states that though a basic knowledge of coding can be useful, as is a basic
whilst the architects role shifts to being the orchestrator of the processes that
knowledge of construction. An architect should be expected to be able to code a
the computer follows. This subject of the changing role of an architect is some-
computer program no more then they should be expected to produce a detailed set
thing that Dimcic explores in his video entitled, Programming Architecture
of structural calculations. He believes that the process of design becomes far more
What is Your Profession? He states that:
efficient and precise when a professional programmer is involved, in the same
way that it is with a structural engineer.
01110111 01101111 01110101 01101100 01100100 00100000 01100001 01101110 01110111 01101111
Whenever 01110101
someone asks me01101100 01100100
what I do, I have 00100000 01100001
to start with: Im an 01101110
00100000
Whether 01100001
you agree01110010 01100011
with this point 01101000
or not, the 01101001
fact is that there does01110100
seem to be01100101
a 00100000 01100001
architect. 01110010
Then comes 01100011
the twist: 01101000
Im actually 01101001 01110100
a programmer. (Dimcic 01100101
01100011
growing01110100
pressure to00100000
learn how 01101100
to code. Not01100101
just within01100001
the industry01110010 01101110
of architecture 01100011
2013) 01110100 00100000 01101100 01100101 01100001 01110010 01101110
00100000 01110100If01101111
but all industries. 00100000
children these days are01100011
learning how01101111
to code at01100100
school then 01100101 00100000 01110100 01101111 00100000 01100011 01101111 01100100 01100101
00101100 00100000 01100001 01101110 01100100 00100000 01110111 01101000
perhaps we too should be learning the skill. Perhaps one day in the future, an He describes
00101100 the process
00100000 of using
01100001 code and01100100
01101110 algorithms 00100000
to create designs as being
01110111 01101000
different to traditional methods :
01100001 01110100
architect 00100000
that does not know how 01100010 01100101
to code could become01101110
as obsolete01100101
as one that01100110 01100001 01110100 00100000 01100010 01100101 01101110 01100101 01100110
cant use CAD and creates all their drawings using a drawing
01101001 01110100 01110011 00100000 01100100 01101111 01100101 01110011 board! 01101001 01110100 01110011 00100000 01100100 01101111 01100101 01110011
Instead you think, make the rules. Write the code and hit enter
00100000 01100011 01101111 01100100 01101001 01101110 01100111 00100000 00100000 01100011 01101111 01100100 01101001 01101110 01100111 00100000
(Dimcic 2013)
01101000 01100001 01110110 01100101 00100000 01100110 01101111 01110010 page 17 01101000 01100001 01110110 01100101 00100000 01100110 01101111 01110010 page 18
00100000 01100100 01100101 01110011 01101001 01100111 01101110 00111111 00100000 01100100 01100101 01110011 01101001 01100111 01101110 00111111
 01110111 01101111 01110101 01101100 01100100 00100000 01100001 01101110
This does beg the question about what the role of an architect might be in the future. 00100000 01100001
Arguments 01110010
can be made 01100011
regarding whether01101000 01101001
or not an architect 01110100
should 01100101
learn to code
Though the use of code might be beneficial for design; allowing use to explore 01100011 01110100 00100000 01101100 01100101 01100001 01110010 01101110
and whether or not the use of coding is beneficial to the architectural industry.
methods and forms that would not have been impossible otherwise, it does not mean However,
00100000 this is something
01110100 01101111 that, with my level
00100000 of coding,
01100011 I am not01100100
01101111 going to concern
01100101
that it is necessarily beneficial for the designer. As Coates explains, this method of myself with. For the time being I will just get back to getting
00101100 00100000 01100001 01101110 01100100 00100000 01110111 01101000my grid of boxes to
design leads to an alternative authorial voice the illustrated consensus of the rotate!
01100001 01110100 00100000 01100010 01100101 01101110 01100101 01100110
swarm for instance to replace the search for a designer. (Coates, 2010, p.01)
01101001 01110100 01110011 00100000 01100100 01101111 01100101 01110011
The subject of growing computerized automation is explored in the book, The Glass 00100000 01100011 01101111 01100100 01101001 01101110 01100111 00100000
Cage Automation and Us. Within it Nicolas Car (2014) explains how multiple jobs 01101000 01100001 01110110 01100101 00100000 01100110 01101111 01110010
are already disappearing due to advancements in computer technology, self-service 00100000 01100100 01100101 01110011 01101001 01100111 01101110 00111111
checkouts machines are replacing shop workers for instance and accountants are
being replaced by personal finance software. He argues that it might not be long
until computers can replace all jobs, including the role of an architect. He argues
that one-day:

We may have to shift our view of progress, putting the emphasis on

social and personal flourishing rather than technological advancement.
We may even have to entertain an idea thats come to be considered
unthinkable, at least in business circles: giving people precedence over
machines. (Carr, 2014, chapter 9)

What do I think? 00
11 00
Fortunately for me (as an architecture student) the time has not yet come that 100 000
000 110
computers can fully automate design. My level of coding is certainly not at the point 0 0 100 001
10
where I could write algorithms sophisticated enough to threaten the role of an 10 0001 0001
0 0 0 0 0000
0 0 00 0 00 00 0
architectat least not yet. I can personally see the benefits of learning code. I 0 1 11000
0
00 1 1 1 0 00 0
100 00 00
0110 01100
1 100 00
appreciate the simple practicality of using it to reduce time spent on repetitive tasks 1 00 0 1 0 1 00 1
0 0 1
0 00 0 1 0
011 0001 0 0 1 000 11
0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 11 0
(I hate creating door schedules!) and am excited by potential of using algorithms to 000 0 0 100 0110 00 00010
1 000 0 0 00 001
0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 001 0011 00 10
0000 1 1 00 11 000 0 1 0 0000 11 0
create designs.
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11 000 000 00 011 11 0 0 0 00
00 00 0000 0 1 100 0001 00 110 0000
0 0
00100000 01100001 01110010 01100011 01101000 01101001 01110100 01100101 0011 0 0 1100 00000 10001 11000 0 0 1 1 0000 0 00 00 110 0 0011 0 00 0 0000 110001 10001
1
0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 110 1
0 0 1 0 11 11 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 110 1 000 1 1 1 0
1 0 0100 0 1 0 01100 00110 0 0000 0000 0
0 0 0 1
11 0 0 0
110 0 0 0 110 110001
I did of course state before that I would work my way through all of Kilkellys, Five
01100011 01110100 00100000 01101100 01100101 01100001 01110010 01101110 00 0 0 0001 0 0000 00
1000 0 1 1 00110 00011 00001 00110 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 11 0011 000011 00011 0110
0
0 0000 0 1 1 0 0 11 00 00
Reasons Architects Should Learn Code, and as yet I have only gone through four of 0 1 0 0 0001 00100 00010 000011 0 0 1 1 000 0 00 01 0 1 0 1 01 00 0 0 1
01 0 0 0 0 010 000011
00100000 01110100 01101111 00100000 01100011 01101111 01100100 01100101 0
0 0 1 0 100 0 010 0 1100 1 00 00 010 01 1 0
0
0 00 0 0
1 00 0
0 1 0000
0
0 00
0 01 01100 1 000
00
01
them; the fifth one being that, Coding is actually fun. Though this may seem a 0 000 0 0 1 110 01 1 001 0 1 0 00 100 100 0
00101100 00100000 0 1 11 00 100 0 0 1 001 0 100 0 0 1 0 1 00 0
a reason, it01100001 01101110
that I can01100100 00100000 01110111
in large 01101000
0 0 0 0 1 0 1 00
1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0
trivial as is something actually attest to. Though part 1 0 1 0 0 01 0 10 0 001 00 100 00 1 0 00 1 0 0 1
1 0 01 0 10 0 001 00 100
01100001 01110100 00100000 01100010 01100101 01101110 01100101 01100110 0 1 10 01 0 00 1 0 000 0 0 1 1
1
0 00 0 11
0 0 1 1 0 0 00 1 0 000 0 0 1
coding can be incredibly frustrating, (as a misplaced comma or semicolon can mess 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 100 1 0 0 1 0 1 10 1 1
0 1 0
1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0
01101001 01110100
everything 01110011
up!) there is a great 00100000 01100100 to
amount of satisfaction 01101111 01100101
be had when the code01110011 0 0
1
1
10
0 1 0
0 1
0 0 0 1 1 1
1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1
00100000 01100011 01101111 01100100
youve been developing for hours finally works. 01101001 01101110 01100111 00100000 1 0 0 0
0 0
0
1 0 1
0 0
0 0
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0 0
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01110111 01101111 01110101 01101100 01100100 00100000 01100001 01101110 01110111 01101111 01110101 01101100 01100100 00100000 01100001 01101110
00100000
Table of01100001
Contents 01110010 01100011 01101000 01101001 01110100 01100101 00100000 01100001 01110010 01100011 01101000 01101001 01110100 01100101
01100011 01110100 00100000 01101100 01100101 01100001 01110010 01101110 01100011 01110100 00100000 01101100 01100101 01100001 01110010 01101110
Table of01110100
00100000 Contents 01101111 00100000 01100011 01101111 01100100 1 01100101 00100000 01110100 01101111 00100000 01100011 01101111 01100100 01100101
List of Figures
00101100 00100000 01100001 01101110 01100100 00100000 01110111 1 01101000 00101100 00100000 01100001 01101110 01100100 00100000 01110111 01101000
Introduction 3-4
01100001 01110100 00100000 01100010 01100101 01101110 01100101 01100110 01100001 01110100 00100000 01100010 01100101 01101110 01100101 01100110
Chapter 1: Why would an architect learn to code 5-9
01101001 01110100 01110011 00100000 01100100 01101111 01100101 01110011 01101001 01110100 01110011 00100000 01100100 01101111 01100101 01110011
Chapter 2: what benefits does coding have for design? 10 - 16
00100000 01100011
Conclusion 01101111 01100100 01101001 01101110 01100111
17 - 00100000
20 00100000 01100011 01101111 01100100 01101001 01101110 01100111 00100000
01101000 01100001 01110110 01100101 00100000 01100110 01101111 01110010 01101000 01100001 01110110 01100101 00100000 01100110 01101111 01110010
00100000 01100100 01100101 01110011 01101001 01100111 01101110 00111111 00100000 01100100 01100101 01110011 01101001 01100111 01101110 00111111
List of Figures

Figure 1. Sketch of Gehrys Olympic Fish 7

Figure 2. Photo of Gehrys Olympic Fish 8
Figure 3. Computer Translation of Physical Model 8
Figure 4. Photo of the Guggenheim Bilbao 8
Figure 5. Parametric Model of the Serpentine Gallery Pavilion 12
Figure 6. Altered Parametric Model of the Serpentine Gallery Pavilion 12
Figure 7. Diagram of Turtles 14
Figure 8. Digram of Geometry Formed by Turtles 14
Figure 9. Voronoi Diagram 14
Figure 10. Image of Glorieta Juan Carlos I, Spain 14
Figure 11. Diagram of Recursion Algorithms 15
Figure 12. Diagram of Swarm Algorithms 15
Figure 13. Diagram of Genetic Algorithms 15
Figure 14. Image of Hansmeyers Cubes 16
Figure 15. Image of Hansmeyers Columns 16

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