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How did the British Ruling Sovereign in India-in both Company and Crown Raj- differ from its
The British- in the form of East India Company and the Crown Raj ruled the Indian Sub-
continent for 200 years. The rule was based on the socio-economic exchange of ideas and thus
built itself on the then former rulers in India specifically the Mughal Empire and Marathas. The
English were initially just traders who sought permission from the Mughal Empire to carry out
peaceful trade. Thus, well acquainted with the working of the Mughal Empire and already set
administrative policies, once in power, the Crown Raj built itself on the existing systems in
place. At the same time, the practice of assimilation used by Mughals was in contrast with the
British, who along with assimilation, sought to build a kind of superiority that resonated their
colonial attitude. This essay explores the differences and similarities between the British Rule
and the rule of its predecessor in the socio-political, economic and religious aspects.
education- often the demands for change came from educated young females who wanted
Primary Sources:
- Memoirs of Eradut Khan: Talks about the decline of Mughal Empire denouncing it of any
religious affiliation as both Hindus and Muslims suffered when Zoolfecar Khan was in
power due to his unapologetic spending for personal pleasures than for the people. Helps
in showing how religion was not really the issue that made Mughals implausible to rule.
The role of religious differences was rather brought into limelight during the rise of
enough awareness about trade being a medium for expansion of British Rule. (1700s-
published in 1986)
- Abu Talib- Cultural Comparisions- Draws the line between the gender roles and justifies
that Asiatic Women have it better than the Western Women in response to the critic that
Nothingness- The idea of religion and different perspectives to it during the rise of British
Rule.
- The Nawab of Bengal: I have no remedy- Mir Qasim was stuck in one of the deals that
East India company made deals with the nawab of Bengal and denounced him as he
failed to maintain order while at the same time, he did not have the means to control as
well.
- The English works of Rammohan Roy- Shows how the promise of English Education
was turned into one with Hindu Pandits and the education that had little practical
relevance. However, this was also due to the demands of Hindu extremists and striking a
balance between the modern and the extremists was a challenge constantly faced by the
British.
- Harsukh Rais Majmaul Akhbar- Indians did accept the new order as the English were
seen as extremely powerful and the resistence put forth was neither smart nor resourceful.
- Doubts concerning Christianity by Nilakantha Goreh
- Accounts of Godse- About Rani Laxmi Bai and her protest against the British. Women
who wanted to uplift the status of Indian women by a plea to the government to stop child
marriages, encourage female education and prevent men from remarrying while the wife
is alive.
- Dadabai Naoroji- The moral impoverishment of India : How Europeans distance
themselves from the people? Higher ranks are taken up by the people and there is no
Main line of Argument of this essay is that British Rule, In order to establish itself relied on the
deals and treaties made with the existing local governors and due to the heavy debts by these
provinces, the land came under the British control and for the longest time was still nominally
ruled by the Governors in order to prevent resistance from the crowd. Hence, they followed the
structures put in place by Mughals but eventually changed it in the favor of the British. The
assimilation within the country almost ended after 1857 because then the privileges to Christians
and British men were given by providing them with Higher authorities in military and elsewhere.
A lot of reforms by the British were supported by educated elite in the beginning but once it was
clear that the reforms and the nominal control was not going to translate into complete