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TENSE TRANSLATION
PRESENT -o I carry, he is teaching, we read, they walk,
-s
-t
-mus
-tis
-nt
IMPERFECT -bam I was carrying, he is teaching, we were reading,
-bas they were walking
-bat
-bamus
-batis
-bant
PERFECT -(u/v)i I (have) carried, he (had) taught, we (have) read,
-(u/v)isti they (have) walked
-(u/v)it
-(u/v)imus
-(u/v)istis
-(u/v)erunt
Purpose clauses
Ut + subjunctive
ut Agricolam audirent: in order that they might hear Agricola
Nouns
First Declension (A)
SINGULAR
NOM / VOC Puella
ACC Puellam
GEN (of) Puellae
DAT (to) Puellae
ABL (by, with) Puella
PLURAL
NOM / VOC Puellae
ACC Puellas
GEN (of) Puellarum
DAT (to) Puellis
ABL (by, with) Puellis
Second Declension
(US/UM)
SINGULAR
NOM / VOC Servus
ACC Servum
GEN (of) Servi
DAT (to) Servo
ABL (by, with) Servo
PLURAL
NOM / VOC Servi
ACC Servos
GEN (of) Servorum
DAT (to) Servis
ABL (by, with) Servis
Third Declension
(mix)
SINGULAR
NOM / VOC Rex
ACC Regem
GEN (of) Regis
DAT (to) Regi
ABL (by, with) Rege
PLURAL
NOM / VOC Reges
ACC Reges
GEN (of) Regum
DAT (to) Regibus
ABL (by, with) Regibus
Fourth Declension
(mix)
SINGULAR
NOM / VOC Manus
ACC Manum
GEN (of) Manus
DAT (to) Manui
ABL (by, with) Manu
PLURAL
NOM / VOC Manus
ACC Manus
GEN (of) Manuum
DAT (to) Manibus
ABL (by, with) Manibus
Adjectives
Always agree in case, number and gender with the noun they accompany
Most belong to the 1st and 2nd declension (are the same
as nouns)
Masculine Feminine Neuter
SINGULAR
NOM/VOC Bonus (Voc Bona Bonum
Bone)
ACC Bonum Bonam Bonum
GEN Boni Bonae Boni
DAT Bono Bonae Bono
PLURAL
NOM Boni Bonae Bona
ACC Bonos Bonas Bona
GEN Bonorum Bonarum Bonorum
DAT Bonis Bonis Bonis
Adverbs
Like adjectives, but end in -e.
Example: Fortis -> forte ; lentus -> lente
Or, end in -ter
Example: brevis -> breviter
Relative clauses:
Describe a noun, tend to start with QUI
Pronouns
NOM Ego Te Nos Vos
ACC Me Te Nos Vos
DAT Mihi Tibi Nobis Vobis
Himself/herself/themselves:
SING PLURAL
ACC Se Se
DAT Sibi Sibi
HIC and ILLE
This, these Masculine Feminine Neuter
SINGULAR
NOM Hic Haec Hoc
ACC Hunc Hanc Hoc
PLURAL
NOM Hi Hae Haec
ACC Hos Has Haec
EUM, EAM
Masculine Feminine
SINGULAR
ACC Eum Eam
GEN (of ) Eius (of him) Eius (of her)
DAT (to) Ei (to him) Ei (to her)
PLURAL
ACC Eos Eas
GEN (of ) Eorum (of them) Earum (of them)
DAT (to) Eis (to them) Eis (to them)
QUI
Who, Which Masculine Feminine Neuter
SINGULAR
NOM Qui Quae Quod
ACC Quem Quam Quod
PLURAL
NOM Qui Quae
ACC Quos Quas