REVIEW OF LITERATURE

Kinard et al. (1995) conducted a study on sexual harassment in the hospital industry and found that more than
half of the complaints were filed against coworkersmore than three times the number filed against immediate
supervisors. Managers other than immediate supervisors were charged in less than 10% of the cases..

According to Weil (1996), unions can play an important role in elevating awareness among employees, as well
as monitoring and enforcing statutory labor policies.

According to Anita Chan (1998), of all labor rights violations, the worst involve occupational health and safety.
Much has been documented in writings published in China and Hong Kong about the lack of work insurance,
the high level of accidents in mines, the numerous factory fires, explosions, unguarded machines, severed and
maimed limbs, the use of poisons without safeguards, with little, or no medical treatment, or compensation.

Bates and Este (2000) found that due to an increase of women and minorities in the workplace, there is an
increasing focus on issues of human rights. Many corporations have human rights conflicts, but few have
resources devoted expressly to human rights training. Employee turnover, absenteeism, and theft are directly or
indirectly related to human rights issues.

Budd et al. (2003) found that unions serve as educators of employees regarding their rights as well as
institutions that can effectively monitor and enforce implementation of worker rights.

Mondal (2003) conducted study in Bangladesh tea plantation regarding labour rights. He found that the large
scale of absenteeism among workers due to illness, which may be due to occupational hazards like working
under the glare of scorching sun or in the rain, insect/snake bites, exposure to fertilizers, insecticides and
fungicides, and nonuse of self-protective measures like mask or gloves

Kamaldeep Bhui et al. (2005) studied the Racial/Ethnic Discrimination and Common Mental Disorders among
workers and concluded that risk of mental disorders was highest among ethnic minority individuals reporting
unfair treatment and racial insults. The overall greatest risks were observed among Black Caribbeans exposed to
unfair treatment at work and Indian, Bangladeshi and Irish individuals reporting insults.

Kamaldeep Bhui et al. (2005) studied the Racial/Ethnic Discrimination and Common Mental Disorders among
workers and concluded that risk of mental disorders was highest among ethnic minority individuals reporting
unfair treatment and racial insults. The overall greatest risks were observed among Black Caribbeans exposed to
unfair treatment at work and Indian, Bangladeshi and Irish individuals reporting insults.

Datta and Milly Sil (2007) stressed that the greater emphasis must be given on social protection of workers and
law must be laid on decent work practices along with proper implementation of minimum wages in both formal
and informal sectors.

Monjur Morshed (2007) found that labours in Bangladesh Readymade Garment industry have been denied their
legal rights, they do not have appointment letters, usually work long hours in poor working surroundings, and
are victims of forced overtime and irregular monthly payments. Workers are barred from forming collective
organisations and the termination without any logical reason occurs frequently