Please examine three different primary sources from three different groups of people living in

the New England Colonial Region. To receive full credit, you MUST read each primary
document and answer the questions pertaining to each document.

The Mayflower Compact - written by Pilgrims on November 11th, 1620, the Mayflower
Compact represents the first constitutional document created in Colonial America and reflected
the religious separatist views of the settlers who were escaping from the Church of England.

Question: Please examine the document. What does it tell us about the religious views of the
Pilgrims? What does it state that they plan to do (hint: it has to do with laws)? How much does it
seem like women were involved with the creation of the document?

Mayflower Compact
IN THE NAME OF GOD, AMEN. We, whose names are underwritten, the Loyal Subjects of our
dread Sovereign Lord King James, by the Grace of God, of Great Britain, France, and Ireland,
King, Defender of the Faith, &c. Having undertaken for the Glory of God, and Advancement of
the Christian Faith, and the Honour of our King and Country, a Voyage to plant the first Colony
in the northern Parts of Virginia; Do by these Presents, solemnly and mutually, in the Presence
of God and one another, covenant and combine ourselves together into a civil Body Politick, for
our better Ordering and Preservation, and Furtherance of the Ends aforesaid: And by Virtue
hereof do enact, constitute, and frame, such just and equal Laws, Ordinances, Acts,
Constitutions, and Officers, from time to time, as shall be thought most meet and convenient for
the general Good of the Colony; unto which we promise all due Submission and Obedience. IN
WITNESS whereof we have hereunto subscribed our names at Cape-Cod the eleventh of
November, in the Reign of our Sovereign Lord King James, of England, France, and Ireland, the
eighteenth, and of Scotland the fifty-fourth, Anno Domini; 1620.

Mr. John Carver John Craxton Mr. Steven Francis Cooke

Mr. William John Billington Hopkins Thomas Rogers
Bradford Joses Fletcher Digery Priest Thomas Tinker
Mr Edward John Goodman Thomas Williams John Ridgdale
Winslow Mr. Samuel Fuller Gilbert Winslow Edward Fuller
Mr. William Mr. Christopher Edmund Richard Clark
Brewster Martin Margesson Richard
Isaac Allerton Mr. William Mullins Peter Brown Gardiner
Myles Standish Mr. William White Richard Mr. John
John Alden Mr. Richard Warren Britteridge Allerton
John Turner John Howland George Soule Thomas
Francis Eaton Edward Tilly English
James Chilton John Tilly Edward Doten
Edward Liester
A Model of Christian Charity - John Winthrop, one of the founders of the Massachusetts
Bay Colony, gave a sermon in 1630 while still aboard the ship bringing a group of Puritans to
New England, in which he stated the new colony would be a City Upon a Hill.

Question: Please Examine the document. What does it tell us about the religious views of the
Puritans? What does John mean when he says, We shall be as a City Upon a Hill? How much
does he say about women? What does this probably mean for Puritan women?

A Model of Christian Charity.

The only way to provide for our posterity is to do justly, to love mercy, and to walk humbly with
our God. We must be knit together in this work as one man; we must take care of each other
with brotherly affection.

We shall be united in the bond of peace, the Lord will be our God and delight to dwell among us,
so that we shall see much more of his wisdom, power, goodness and truth.

We shall be as a City upon a Hill, the eyes of all people are upon us; so that if we shall [behave
badly] and cause God to withdraw his help from us, we shall [invite] the mouths of enemies to
speak evil of the ways of God, and cause their prayers to be turned into curses upon us.

Therefore let us choose life, that we, and our [children], may live; by obeying his voice, for he is
our life, and our prosperity.
Quotes from George Fox, a leader of the Quakers - the Quakers, also known as the
Religious Society of Friends, fled Massachusetts due to religious persecution enacted by the
Puritans, to Pennsylvania to set up their own colony. The colony was founded by William Penn
who wanted to create a society of equality who focused on the inner light of Christians and
escape Puritan Laws. Below are two quotes delivered by George Fox during sermons in 1674.

Question: Please Examine the document. What does it tell us about the religious views of the
Quakers? What does George Fox say about women and power? How do the quotes convey
that Quakers wanted equality for men and women? Use examples.

And some men say, Men must have the Power and superiority over the woman, because God
says, The man must rule over his wife, and that man is not of woman, but the woman is of the
man (Gen 3:16). Indeed, after man fell, that command was. But before man fell, there was no
such command. For they were both meet-helps. They were both to have dominion over all that
God made. . . And as man and woman are restored again, by Christ, up into the image of God,
they both have dominion again in Righteousness and Holiness, and are helps-meet, as before
they fell.

Christs worship is free in the Spirit to all men; and such as worship in the spirit and in the truth
are they that God seeks to worship him; for he is the God of truth, and is a Spirit, and the God of
the spirits of all flesh. And he hath given to all nations of men and women breath and life, to live
and move and have their being in him, and hath put into them an immortal soul. So all the
nations of men and women are to be temples for him to dwell.