Intended National Determined Contributions (INDCs)

Countries INDC Topline Goals
Achieve an economy-wide target to reduce its

Canada greenhouse gas emissions by 30% below 2005 levels by
2030.
Achieve an economy-wide target of reducing its
greenhouse gas emissions by 26%-28% below its 2005
United States
level in 2025 and to make best efforts to reduce its
emissions by 28%.
Centr
Reduction in GHG emissions of 44% compared to its

business as usual (BAU) scenario by 2030. In absolute
Barbados
terms, this translates to a reduction of 23% compared
with the baseline year, 2008.
Belize's INDC focuses on mitigation contribution "framed
on an action-based approach that is dependent on cost
effective technology, capacity building and adequate
Belize
financial support," addressing "the sectors with
significant contributions to Belizes greenhouse gas
emissions.
Bolivia presents its contribution "in two dimensions: one

linked to the structural solutions, and other results and
Bolivia
national actions within the framework of holistic
development.
Reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 37% below 2005
levels in 2025. Brazil's INDC has a broad scope including
mitigation, adaptation and means of implementation,
Brazil consistent with the contributions' purpose to achieve the
ultimate objective of the Convention, pursuant to
decision 1/CP.20, paragraph 9 (Lima Call for Climate
Action)
Reduce its greenhouse gas emissions by 20% with

respect to the projected Business-as-Usual Scenario
(BAU) by 2030. Six (6) priority sectors of the economy
Colombia (transport, energy, agriculture, housing, health, and
trade, tourism and industry) will include climate change
considerations in their planning instruments and will be
implementing innovative adaptation actions.
Costa Rica "is committed to a maximum of 9,374,000
tCO2eq net emissions by 2030, with proposed emissions
per capita of 1.73 net tons by 2030, 1.19 Net Tons per
Costa Rica Capita by 2050 and -0.27 Net Tons per Capita by 2100.
Emissions reduction of GHG of 44%, of a Business As
Usual (BAU) scenario, and a reduction of 25% of emission
compared to 2012 emissions.
Reducing its Greenhouse gas emissions by 30% of 2010

by 2025, with an indicative reduction of 40% of 2010 by
Grenada
2030.
Guatemala Unconditional INDC: 11.2% reduction from BAU by 2030
Reduce its emissions by 31% relative to a baseline

scenario, representing an absolute reduction of 45.24
Haiti MtCO2e. Unconditional target: Reducing emissions by 5%
compared to the reference scenario by 2030, for a
cumulative reduction of 10 Mt CO2e.
Mitigate the equivalent of 1.1 million metric tons of
carbon dioxide per year by 2030 versus the BAU
Jamaica
scenario. This is a reduction of 7.8% of emissions versus
BAU.
Mexico is committed to reduce unconditionally 25% of its

Greenhouse Gases and Short Lived Climate Pollutants
emissions (below BAU) for the year 2030. This
Mexico
commitment implies a reduction of 22% of GHG and a
reduction of 51% of Black Carbon.
.
20% reduction relative to projected emissions by 2030
Paraguay Unilateral Target: 10% reduction from projected
emissions by 2030.
23% reduction against BAU emission projections in 2030,

Saint Lucia with intermediate target of 16% reduction against BAU in
2025.
The mitigation component of Uruguay's INDC is "sorted
by gases" and covers 9 quantitative contributions that
can be met "with domestic resources" and "with
additional means of implementation", all to be achieved
Uruguay
by 2030. The adaptation component of Uruguay's INDC
outlines 10 adaptation actions that Uruguay expects to
accomplish by 2030, "with the support of external means
of implementation.
A greenhouse gas emission reduction of 7% to 22% by

2030 compared to business as usual (BAU) levels.
Algeria Conditional on external assistance for the financing of the
development and transfer of technologies and capacity
building.
Reduce its emissions by 5% and 25%, respectively, in the
2030 and 2050 horizons in comparison to its reference
Central African BAU emissions and to increase its sequestration
Republic potential. With international support, it will emit around
33,076.1 kt eq-CO2less in 2050 than the annual
reference emissions.
Reduction of 18.2% compared to the baseline in 2030, or

Chad
about 41,700 GgCO2e.
The Union of the Comoros aims to reduce its greenhouse
gas emissions by 84% by 2030 relative to reference
Comoros scenario emission levels in the same year. This reduction
includes sinks from the Land Use, Land-Use Change, and
Forestry (LULUCF) sector.
Reduce emissions by 20% by 2030, relative to 2010

Equatorial Guinea
levels, in order to achieve a 50% reduction by 2050.
Reduce the CO2emissions from fossil fuelsby 23.1% in
2020, 30.2 % by 2025 and 39.2% by 2030 visa-vis to the
reference year. Ifadditional support is solicited, it can be
further reduced by 36.4 % in 2020, 61.1% by 2015*
Eritrea and80.6% by 2030. Unconditional mitigation scenario:
With internal resources Eritrea can implement its
unconditional scenario reaching 1.3 MtCO2 in 2020, 1.6
MtCO2 in 2025 and 1.9 MtCO2 in 2030 from fossil fuel
CO2.
Reduce GHG emissions by at least 50 percent from

Gabon
baseline scenario emissions in 2025.
Ghana's emission reduction goal is to unconditionally
lower its GHG emissions by 15 percent relative to a
Ghana
business-as-usual (BAU) scenario emission of
73.95MtCO2e by 2030.
Estimated level of mitigation: -13% greenhouse gas

(GHG) emissions in 2030 as compared to 1994 (Initial
Guinea
National Communication of the Republic of Guinea),
excluding Land-Use Change and Forestry (LUCF).
Reduction of 28% in GHG emissions compared to
Ivory Coast emissions in the target year (2030) in a baseline
scenario.
Reduce unconditionally 10% of its GHG emissions by

Lesotho
2030 compared to a Business-As-Usual (BAU) scenario.
In 2030, Madagascar aims to reduce approximately 30
MtCO2of itsemissions of GHG, representing 14% of
Madagascar national emissions, compared to the BAU scenario,
withprojections based of GHG inventory from year 2000
to 2010.
The Government of Malawi communicated mitigation and

adaptation actions in its INDC, some of which will be
implemented unconditionally using domestic sources;
Malawi
and some of which are conditional on external support in
terms of capacity building, techonology development and
transfer, and financial resources.
Reduce its GHG emissions by 32% by 2030 compared to
Morocco "business as usual" projected emissions. unconditional
target is a 13% reduction in GHG emissions by 2030.
Reduction of about 89% of its GHG emissions at the 2030

time horizon compared to the BAU scenario. The
Namibia
projected GHG emissions to be avoided in 2030 is of the
order of 20000 Gg CO2-eq inclusive of sequestration.
Unconditional reduction of 2.5% (BAU 2020) and of 3.5%
Niger
(2030).
In a conditional, low-carbon scenario, the contribution of

the Republic of Congo should reduce GHG emissions by
Republic of Congo about 48% in 2025 (or 8 MtCO2e) and by 54% in 2035 (or
19 MtCO2e) compared to the baseline scenario and
depending on the support of the international community.
Emission reductions relative to baseline projections will
Senegal
be 3%, 4% and 5% in 2020, 2025 and 2030 respectively.
The Republic of Seychelles will reduce its economy-wide

absolute GHG emissions by 122.5 ktCO2e (21.4%) in
Seychelles
2025 and estimated 188 ktCO2e in 2030 (29.0%) relative
to baseline emissions (2030).
By 2025 and 2030 will be in a range between 398 and
614 Mt CO2eq, as defined in national policy.The
adaptation component of South Africas INDC will address
South Africa adaptation through six goals, underpinned by key
elements of adaptation planning, costing of adaptation
investment requirements, equity, and means of
implementation.
Conditional mitigation and adaptation actions. As its

unconditional contribution, "Swaziland will focus human
capital on mitigation [and adaptation] as a response to
Swaziland
climate change. Swaziland will participate in research,
pilot projects and planning and implementation of
mitigation actions.
Unconditional target: an 11.14% reduction of GHG
Togo
emissions relative to the baseline scenario.
Lower its carbon intensity by 41 percent in 2030, relative

to the base year 2010. Tunisia, which has already made
significant strides towards mitigation in its baseline, is
Tunisia
looking to reduce its carbon intensity unconditionally and
through its own efforts by 13 percent compared to 2010,
by around 1/3 of its INDC.
In the business-as-usual (BAU) scenario the estimated
emissions in 2030 will be 77.3 Million tons of carbon
dioxide equivalent per year (MtCO2eq/yr). The estimated
potential cumulative impact of the policies and measures
Uganda could result in approximately 22% reduction of national
green house gas emissions in 2030 compared to
business-as-usual. Uganda proposes to implement the
identified policies and measures, and their impact may
be higher or lower than these estimations illustrate.
Achieved, compared to the BAU scenario, is 2% by 2030

Bosnia and
which would mean 18% higher emissions compared to
Herzegovinia
the base year 1990.
UK
Limiting anthropogenic greenhouse gases in Russia to 70-
75% of 1990 levels by the year 2030 might be a long-
Russia
term indicator, subject to the maximum possible account
of absorbing capacity of forests.
Member States are committed to a binding target of an at

least 40% domestic reduction in greenhouse gas
European Union emissions by 2030 compared to 1990, to be fulfilled
jointly, as set out in the conclusions by the European
Council of October 2014.
13.6% reduction in GHG emissions by 2030 compared to
Afghanistan a business as usual (BAU) 2030 scenario, conditional on
external suppor
Achieve an economy-wide unconditional target of

reducing its per capita greenhouse gas emissions to 7.7
tCO2e by 2030 which constitutes a reduction of 26%
Israel
below the level in 2005 of 10.4 tCO2e per capita. An
interim target of 8.8 tCO2e per capita is expected by
2025
Jordan nationally determines to reduce its greenhouse
gas emissions by a bulk of 14 % until 2030. This
Jordan contribution of GHGs reduction will be unconditionally
fulfilled at, maximally, 1.5 % by the Countrys own means
compared to a business as usual scenario level.
Up to 21 percent reduction in GHG emissions from the

Turkey
Business as Usual (BAU) level by 2030.
Post-2020 period the United Arab Emirates will continue
to expand its ambitious actions to limit emissions and
improve resilience through economic diversification, in
United Arab Emirates
accordance with Decisions 1/CP.19 and 1/CP.20.the UAE
will pursue a portfolio of actions, including an increase of
clean energy to 24% of the total energy mix by 2021.
Unconditional contribution to reduce GHG emissions by

5% from Business as Usual (BAU) levels by 2030 in the
Bangladesh
power, transport and industry sectors, based on existing
resources.
To lower carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP by
60% to 65% from the 2005 level. To increase the share of
China non-fossil fuels in primary energy consumption to around
20%. To increase the forest stock volume by around 4.5
billion cubic meters on the 2005 level.
(1) To put forward and further propagate a healthy and
sustainable way of living based on traditions and values
of conservation and moderation. (2) To adopt a climate
friendly and a cleaner path than the one followed
hitherto by others at corresponding level of economic
development. (3) To reduce the emissions intensity of its
GDP by33 to 35 percent by 2030 from 2005 level. (4) To
India
achieve about 40 percent cumulative electric power
installed capacity from non-fossil fuel based energy
resources by 2030 with the help of transfer of technology
and low cost international finance including from Green
Climate Fund (GCF). (5) To create an additional carbon,
sink of 2.5 to 3 billion tons of CO2 equivalent through
additional forest and tree cover by 2030.
Reductions is at the level of a reduction of 26.0% by
fiscal year (FY) 2030 compared to FY 2013 (25.4%
Japan
reduction compared to FY 2005) (approximately 1.042
billion t-CO2eq. as 2030 emissions).
Malaysia intends to reduce its greenhouse gas (GHG)

emissions intensity of GDP by 45% by 2030 relative to
Malaysia
the emissions intensity of GDP in 2005. This consist of
35% on an unconditional basis.
The expected mitigation impact of these policies and
measures will be a 14% reduction in total national GHG
Mongolia emissions excluding Land use, land use change and
forestry (LULUCF) by 2030, compared to the projected
emissions under a business as usual scenario.
Conditional on availability of international support, as its

contribution to global action to reduce future emissions
of greenhouse gases. The document also presents
Myanmar
planned and existing policies and strategies which will
provide the policy framework to implement identified
actions and prioritise future mitigation actions
Reduce its Emissions Intensity by 36% from 2005 levels
Singapore by 2030, and stabilise its emissions with the aim of
peaking around 2030.
Reduce its greenhouse gas emissions by 20 percent from

Thailand
the projected business-as-usual (BAU) level by 2030.
With domestic resources, by 2030 Viet Nam will reduce
GHG emissions by 8% compared to BAU, in which:
Vietnam Emission intensity per unit of GDP will be reduced by
20% compared to the 2010 levels;Forest cover will
increase to the level of 45%.
Implement an economy-wide target to reduce

Australia greenhouse gas emissions by 26 to 28 per cent below
2005 levels by 2030
The Cook Islands is committed to a future powered by
renewable energy with targets of 50% of islands
transformed from diesel based to renewable sourced
Cook Islands electricity by 2015, to 100% coverage by 2020 (Cook
Islands Renewable Electricity Chart, 2011)...Using 2006
as the base year, emission from electricity generation will
be reduced by 38% by 2020.
Sector specific reduction focusing on a renewable energy

target for electricity generation. In addition a general
emissions reduction by improvements in energy
efficiency economy wide. The target is for the renewable
energy share in electricity generation to approach 100%
Fiji
by 2030 from around 60% in 2013. In addition an
indicative reduction of 10% CO2emissions for energy
efficiency improvements economy wide will be sought.
These measures will reduce CO2 emissions in the energy
sector by around 30% from BAU by 2030.
Reduce unconditionally 26% of its greenhouse gases
against the business as usual scenario by the year
Indonesia 2020...Indonesia is committed to reducing emissions by
29% compared to the business as usual (BAU) scenario
by 2030.
Commit to reduce emissions by 13.7% by 2025 and

12.8% by 2030 compared to a BAU projection. Kiribati
also included a section on adaptation, which includes
Kiribati
descriptions of Kiribati's vulnerability to climate change,
adaptation programs and actions, means of
implementation for mitigation and adaptation.
Reduce its emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG) to 32%
below 2010 levels by 2025. RMI communicates, as an
Marshal Islands
indicative target, its intention to reduce its emissions of
GHGs to 45% below 2010 levels by 2030.
The Government of the Republic of Nauru considers the

focus of its INDC to be primarily adaptation, with a strong
Nauru
emphasis on building resilience which also encompasses
mitigation in an integrated manner.
Reduce GHG emissions to 30% below 2005 levels by
2030. (This responsibility target corresponds to a
reduction of 11% from 1990 levels.) New Zealands INDC
New Zealand
will remain provisional pending confirmation of the
approaches to be taken in accounting for the land sector,
and confirmation of access to carbon markets
Achieve a 38% share of renewable energy of total

electricity generation by 2020. (In 2014 the renewable
energy share was 2% and this contribution assumes
Niue
assistance to address critical grid stability issues). This
will in part be delivered by a 10% reduction in residential,
commercial and government electricity demand by 2020.
The target in this respect will be 100% renewable energy
by 2030, contingent on funding being made available. In
Papua New Guinea addition PNG will improve energy efficiency sector wide
and reduce emissions where possible in the transport and
forestry sectors.
Samoa is targeting the Energy Sector with a focus on the

Electricity sub sector. 26% of electricity was generated
Samoa from renewable energy sources in 2014.Samoa commits
to generating 100% of its electricity from renewable
energy sources by 2025.
Commit to reduce emissions by: 12% below 2015 level by
2025 and 30% below 2015 level by 2030compared to a
BaU projection. On the understanding that a global
agreement addresses international assistance to access
financial and technical resources, Solomon Islands can
Solomon Islands with international assistance, contribute a further: 27%
reduction in GHG emissions by 2025; and 45% reduction
in GHG emissions by 2030, compared to a BaU projection.
With appropriate international assistance, Solomon
Islands can reduce its emissions by more than 50% by
2050.
Mitigation contribution for the Vanuatu INDC submission

is a sector specific target of transitioning to close to
100% renewable energy in the electricity sector by 2030.
This target would replace nearly all fossil fuel
requirements for electricity generation in the country and
Vanuatu be consistent with the National Energy Road Map (NERM)
target of 65% renewable energy by 2020. This
contribution would reduce emissions in the energy sector
by 72Gg by 2030...The mitigation would thus reduce BAU
emissions in the electricity sub-sector by 100% and in
the energy sector as a whole by 30%.
Countries that
mentioned the
categories in this
sample. (Not
Comprehensive only
73 countries analyzed
in the section)
INDC Evaluation By
Climate Action
Tracker Conditional
Inadequate,
Medium, Sufficient
North America
Inadequate Not Specified

Medium Not Specified
Central/South America
Conditional INDC only

Conditional commitment: Increased

participation of renewable energy to 81%
by 2030, compared to 39% in 2010.
Medium Unconditional INDC only
Subject to the provision of international

support, Colombia could increase its
ambition from 20% reduction with
respect to BAU to 30% with respect to
BAU by 2030.
Sufficient Not Specified

Conditional INDC: 22.6% reduction from
BAU by 2030"
Unconditional target: Reducing emissions

by 5% compared to the reference
scenario by 2030, for a cumulative
reduction of 10 Mt CO2e.
Jamaica will conditionally increase its
ambition to a reduction of GHG emissions
of 10% below the BAU scenario, subject
to the provision of international support.
The 25% reduction commitment

expressed above could increase
up to a 40% in a conditional manner,
subject to a global agreement addressing
important topics including international
carbon price, carbon border adjustments,
Medium
technical cooperation, access to lowcost
financial resources and technology
transfer, all at a scale
commensurate to the challenge of global
climate change.
Conditional Target: 10% reduction from
projected emissions by 2030

Conditional INDC and unconditional INDC
Africa
Conditional on external assistance for the

financing of the development and
transfer of technologies and capacity
building
Conditional mitigation measures that
include the: construction of a
photovoltaic solar power plant at Bangu;
development of 180 MW Dimoli
hydroelectric plant; development of 72
MW Lobaye hydroelectric plant;
development of 60 KW La Kotto
hydroelectric plant; development of
Mobaye hydroelectric plant; and a
National Biofuels Programme.
Conditional emissions reduction of 71%

in 2030, or a cumulative reduction of
162,000 GgCO2e.

Conditional mitigation scenario: With
external assistances Eritrea can
implement its conditionalscenario
reaching 1.1 MtCO2In 2020, 0.9 MtCO2in
2025 and 0.6 MtCO2in 2030from fossil
fuelCO2."
Not Rated Not Specified

An additional 30 percent emission
reduction is attainable on condition that
external support is made available to
Ghana to cover the full cost of
implementing the mitigation action
(finance, technology transfer, capacity
building). With this external support, a
total emission reduction of 45% below
the BAU emission levels can be achieved
by 2030." Ghana also submitted an
adaptation goal and priority adaptation
policy actions.

The conditional target is 35% by 2030

Partially conditional INDC (unspecified
mix of domestic/international resources)
The table also shows mitigation actions,

which the Government would undertake
on condition that external support in
terms of capacity building, technology
development and transfer, and financial
resources (i.e., Conditional) are provided
thereby contributing meaningfully to the
reduction of global emissions. (See INDC
Link for Table on page 8)
Conditional target is an additional 19%
reduction achievable under certain
Sufficient conditions, which would bring the total
GHG reduction to 32% below BAU
emission levels by 2030.
Namibia is now taking steps and

presenting its contribution to reduce its
emissions while also increasing its sinks
subject to the conditional provision of the
needed resources by the international
community. International support will be
required to top up on the countrys
efforts and initiatives to meet the
differential between the unconditional
and conditional targets fixed in the INDC.
The cost of implementation of the m-
INDC component is estimated at US$
10.4 billion at 2015 prices.
Conditional Reduction of 25% (BAU 2020)
and 34.6% (2030, or a reduction of
33,400 GgCO2Eq).

Conditional scenario (INDC+), expected
emission reductions will be 7%, 15% and
21% for the same years.
The cost of achieving the reduction

objective (2030) has been estimated to
be at least USD 309 million. Including the
cost of energy efficiency measures such
as building codes, standards and labels,
and energy audits will increase the total
cost of implementation, which is
expected to be met partly through
domestic funding and conditional on
international climate financing including
through the Green Climate Fund among
others.
Partially conditional INDC (unspecified
Inadequate
mix of domestic/international resources)
The extent to which Swazilands

adaptation contribution can be achieved
is dependent on the level of support
received in the form of appropriate
capacity building, technical assistance,
technology transfer, skills training and
finance.
Conditional target level: a 31.14%
reduction of GHG emissions relative to
the baseline scenario.
To achieve the rest of its objective, i.e. an

additional drop in carbon intensity of 28
percent in 2030 compared to 2010,
Tunisia is relying on the support of the
international community for funding,
capacity building and technology
transfer.
Full implementation of these actions is
conditional on the support of
international community coming from
both climate finance instruments and
international market mechanisms. As set
out
in the Uganda National Climate Change
Policy and its Costed Implementation
Strategy, national sources are assumed
to cover approximately 30% of
incremental costs of the activities in the
next 15 years, with 70% assumed to
originate from international sources.
Europe
With international support, which would

result in emission reduction of 3%
compared to 1990, while compared to
the BAU scenario it represents a possible
reduction of 23%.
Wait for future submission

Middle East
Unconditional INDC only

Conditionally and subject to availability
of international financial aid and support
to means of implementation, commits to
reduce its GHGs emissions by additional,
at least, 12.5 % by 2030.
Turkey will use domestic sources and

receive international financial,
Inadequate technological, technical and capacity
building support, including finance from
the Green Climate Fund.
Not Specified
Asia
Conditional 15% reduction in GHG

emissions from BAU levels by 2030 in the
power, transport, and industry sectors,
subject to appropriate international
support in the form of finance,
investment, technology development and
transfer, and capacity building.
Medium Conditional INDC only
A further 10% is condition upon receipt of

climate finance, technology transfer and
capacity building from developed
countries.
Conditional on availability of international

support, as its contribution to global
action to reduce future emissions of
greenhouse gases. The document also
presents planned and existing policies
and strategies which will provide the
policy framework to implement identified
actions and prioritise future mitigation
actions
The level of contribution could increase

up to 25 percent, subject to adequate
and enhanced access to technology
development and transfer, financial
resources and capacity building.
A 8% contribution could be increased to
25% if international support is received
through bilateral and multilateral
cooperation, as well as through the
implementation of new mechanisms
under the Global Climate Agreement, in
which emission intensity per unit of GDP
will be reduced by 30% compared to
2010 levels.
South Pacific
Inadequate Unconditional INDC only

Conditional on receiving external
support, Cook Islands could "reduce
emissions from electricity generation by
a further 43%, totalling an 81%
emissions reduction by 2030 (relative to
2006).
Conditional means based on available

and additional external financing being
made available to Fiji. From
the 30% emission reduction target, 10%
will be achieved through the
implementation of the Green Growth
Framework, utilizing resources available
in country (unconditional) whereas the
remaining target can only be
met with the availability of external
funding amounting to US$500 million
(conditional).
Conditional target: "Indonesia's target
should encourage support from
international cooperation, which is
Inadequate
expected to help Indonesia to increase its
contribution up to 41% reduction in
emissions by 2030.
Kiribatis conditional contribution (with

international assistance) will
reduce emissions by 35,880tCO2e
annually by 2025, and by
38,420tCO2e annually by 2030.
Not Specified
The main mitigation contribution is to

achieve the outcomes and targets under
the National Energy Road Map (NERM),
NSDS and recommendations under the
SNC and is conditional on receiving
adequate funding and resources.
Conditional upon additional international

assistance, Niue could increase its
contribution to an 80% share of
renewable energy of total electricity
generation, or to even higher levels, by
2025.
This is conditional on Samoa attaining

this target in 2017 and receiving external
assistance to maintain the contribution of
renewable sources at 100% through to
2025.
Solomon Islands has considered
mitigation actions that were currently
planned and funded (as the Solomon
Islands Contribution), and those that
have been identified as technically viable
with current technology suitable to the
Solomon Islands context (as the
Contribution conditional on adequate and
timely international assistance),
Conditional INDC only, the target would

be conditional, depending on funding
commensurate with putting the transition
in place being made available from
external sources.
18 55
Source
Material
Renewable Energy Target INDC
Submissions
Investments to encourage the generation of

electricity from renewable energy sources such as
wind, low-impact hydro, biomass, photovoltaic and
geothermal energy.renewable fuels regulations Link to INDC
require that gasoline contain an average 5%
renewable fuel content and that most diesel fuel
contain an average 2% content.
Using more renewable sources, including solar and
wind, and low-emitting nuclear facilities, means
less
carbon pollution. Dispatch to new clean
Link to INDC
generation, including new nuclear generation
under construction, moderate deployment of new
renewable generation, and continued use of
existing nuclear generation.
Renewable energy: contributing 65% of total peak

Link to INDC
electrical demand by 2030.
Increase its share of its renewable energy (RE) in
Link to INDC
Belizes electricity mix by 85% by 2027.
Increased participation of renewable energy to

79% by 2030 from 39% in 2010. develop the
export potential of electricity, generated mainly Link to INDC
by renewable energies, reaching to export an
estimated 8,930 MW by 2030.
Achieving 45% of renewables in the energy mix by
2030. expanding the use of renewable energy
sources other than hydropower in the total energy
mix to between 28% and 33% by 2030. increasing
Link to INDC
the share of renewables (other than hydropower)
in the power supply to at least 23% by 2030,
including by raising the share of wind, biomass
and solar.
Not Specified Link to INDC

Achieve and maintain a 100% renewable energy
Link to INDC
matrix by 2030.
Produce 20 MW hours of electricity from

renewable sources at a conservative 45% portfolio
capacity factor. This will emerge in the form of 10 Link to INDC
MW from solar, 15 MW from geothermal and 2 MW
from wind.
80% of the electricity generated in 2030 will be
Link to INDC
from renewable sources
Increase the share of renewables in the electricity

system to 47% by 2030, which will comprise
Link to INDC
24.5% hydro, 9.4% wind, 7.5% solar, and 5.6%
biomass.
Develop renewable energy sources by increasing
the share of renewable sources of energy in its Link to INDC
primary energy mix to 20% by 2030.
Energy Fuel Combustion Energy industries

Manufacturing industries and construction.
Transport Other sectors. Fugitive emissions from
Link to INDC
fuels Solid fuels Oil and natural gas and other
emissions from energy production CO2 transport
and storage.
60% increase in renewable energy in the energy
Link to INDC
mix between 2014 and 2030.
35% Renewable Energy Target by 2025 and 50%

by 2030 based on a mix of geothermal, wind and Link to INDC
solar energy sources.
Achieve an absolute emissions reduction of 88%
within this subsector compared to the annual
average for the period 20052009, with a higher
consumption. This will be achieved with 40% of
Link to INDC
non-conventional renewable energy sources
(mainly wind, but also photovoltaic and biomass
waste), in addition to 55% hydropower (estimating
an average annual rainfall).
Reach the target that 27% of the electricity

produced nationally is derived from renewable Link to INDC
sources of energy.
Construction of a photovoltaic solar power plant at
Bangu; development of 180 MW Dimoli
hydroelectric plant; development of 72 MW
Lobaye hydroelectric plant; development of 60 KW Link to INDC
La Kotto hydroelectric plant; development of
Mobaye hydroelectric plant; and a National
Biofuels Programme.
Generation of 500 GWh/year of hydropower, 200

GWh/year of solar energy, and 50 GWh/year of Link to INDC
wind energy.
20102030, renewable energy will evolve from
Link to INDC
around 3% to almost 43%.
Emphasis on the following: developing the

hydroelectric potential of the river Wele, for the
electrification of the country's mainland; reforming
the Musola hydroelectric centers (0.4-0.5 MW),
Link to INDC
Riaba (3.8 MW) for the electrification of the whole
island of Bioko; finding options among wind, solar
and/or tidal energy sources for remote islands of
the country.
Eritrea intends to raise the share of electricity
generation from renewable energy to 70% of the
Link to INDC
total electricity generation mix (wind, solar, and
geothermal) [by 2030].
Development of hydropower, with aims to ensure

that by 2025, 80% of the supply of electricity is Link to INDC
based on hydropower and 20% on gas.
Produce 30% of its energy (excluding wood-
Link to INDC
energy) from renewable energy sources (SE4ALL).

Producing 42% of electricity from renewables
Link to INDC
(including large hydropower) by 2030
Increase renewable energy sources by 200 MW by

2020: 40 MW from solar (2017/2018); 35 MW from Link to INDC
wind (2017); 125 MW from hydropower (2025).
Reinforce renewable energy (hydraulic and solar)
Link to INDC
from the current level of 35% to 79%.
Produce 2000 solar water heaters (SWH); increase

SWH from 2,000 to 20,000 by 2030; install 20,000
solar PV systems; increase Solar PV from 20,000 to
50,000 by 2030; produce 2 million litres of bio-
diesel/year; increase biodiesel from 2 to 20 Link to INDC
million/year; produce 18 million litres of ethanol/
year; increase ethanol production from 18 to 40
million litres per year; and produce 351 MW of
hydroelectricity.
Reaching over 50% of installed electricity
production capacity from renewable sources by Link to INDC
2025.
Energy sector will be to increase the share of

renewals in electricity production from 33% to Link to INDC
70% by 2030.
Increase the renewable energy generation
capacity from 4 MW in 2010 to 250 MW in 2030,
partly achieved through the installation of a 130
Link to INDC
MW hydroelectric plant at Kandadji and a 20 MW
wind power plant. Niger will also double the share
of renewables in the energy mix to 30% by 2030.
Congo has considerable hydroelectric potential,

estimated at 14,000 MW, of which only 228 MW is
used currently. Congo has developed an ambitious
plan for hydropower, with the objective of Link to INDC
reaching 85% hydroelectric power in the national
electricity mix by 2025. The remaining 15% will be
met by gas.
Unconditional renewable energy programmes that
will be implemented:Solar PV: power plants with a
total cumulative capacity of 160 MW. Wind
Turbine: power plants with a total cumulative
power of 150 MW. Hydraulics: power plants with a Link to INDC
total cumulative capacity of 144 MW/522 GWh;
392 villages electrified minigrid solar electrified or
hybrid (diesel/solar); and Installation of 27,500
domestic biodigesters
The Energy Policy that was proposed in 2010 has

set a target for 15% of energy supply to be met
from renewable energy sources by 2030. The
Link to INDC
expected target in 2020 is 5%. In the long term,
the Policy envisages that 100% of energy supply
will be from renewable energy sources.
Investing heavily in transforming its energy sector.
Substantial investment in renewable energy and Link to INDC

two new highefficiency coal-fired power stations
are nearing completion as part of the ageing plant
replacement programme
In the energy sector, Swazilands contribution is

to double the share of renewable energy in the
Link to INDC
national energy mix by 2030 relative to 2010
levels
Development of renewable energies (target of 4%
Link to INDC
of the energy mix).
Penetration rate of 30% for renewable energies in

Link to INDC
electricity production
Achieve a total of at least 3,200 MW renewable
electricity generation capacity by 2030, up from
729 MW in 2013. Achieve a total of at least 3,200
Link to INDC
Mega Watts renewable electricity generation
capacity by 2030, up from 729 Mega Watts in
2013.
Install mini hydro power plants with the power

generation capacity of up to 10 MW and the total
generation capacity of 120 MW, by 2030; to install
wind farms of the power generation capacity of
175 MW by 2030; to install photovoltaic modules
Link to INDC
of the total power generation capacity of 4 MW by
2030; and to introduce renewable energy sources
in the existing district heating systems and to
construct new district heating systems fuel led by
renewable energy sources

Develop of alternative and renewable energy
sources for 25% of the rural population above
existing levels (15%), in order to contribute to a
Link to INDC
reduction in the unsustainable usage of natural
resources and decreasing the strong reliance on
fossil fuels by rural communities.
Renewable energy 17% of the electricity

generated in 2030 will be from renewable sources.
A program of tenders for renewable energy. The
17% renewable
energy target is substantially more ambitious than Link to INDC
Israel's current 10% target for 2020. Removal of
barriers for the uptake of renewable energy;
KPI-style target of 11% of renewable energy
share in the total energy mix in 2025.This KPI is
articulated in Jordan 2025: A National Vision and
Strategy (launched June 2015). Additionally, the
main goals of Jordans strategy are to secure
reliable energy supply through increasing the
Link to INDC
share of local energy resources such as oil shale
and natural gas in the energy mix, expanding the
development of renewable energy projects,
promoting energy conservation and energy
efficiency and awareness, and generating
electricity from nuclear energy.
Increasing capacity of production of electricity

from solar power to 10 GW until 2030; increasing
capacity of production of electricity from wind
Link to INDC
power to 16 GW until 2030; commissioning a new
nuclear plant, and tapping the full hydroelectric
potential.
Increasing clean energy contribution to the total
energy mix from 0.2% in 2014, to 24% by 2021.
This will be achieved through renewable and Link to INDC
nuclear energy, and is underpinned by detailed
emirate level targets and policies.
Maximizing the use of renewable energy sources

to lower GHG emission and ensuring energy
security. 400 MW of wind-generating capacity by Link to INDC
2030, and 1000 MW of utility-scale solar power
plant by 2030.
To construct a recycling-based industrial system,
promoting recycling
restructure in industrial parks, increasing the
recycling and utilization of
renewable resources and improving the production
rate of resource.
To strengthen research and development (R&D)

and commercialization
Link to INDC
demonstration for low-carbon technologies, such
as energy conservation,
renewable energy, advanced nuclear power
technologies and carbon capture,
utilization and storage and to promote the
technologies of utilizing carbon
dioxide to enhance oil recovery and coal-bed
methane recovery.
With a potential of more than 100 GW, the aim is
to achieve a target of 60 GW of wind power
installed capacity by 2022. Solar power installed
capacity has increased from only 3.7 MW in 2005
to about 4,060 MW in 2015, with a Compound
Annual Growth Rate [CAGR] of more than 100%
over the decade. A scheme for development of 25
Solar Parks, Ultra Mega Solar Power Projects, canal Link to INDC
top solar projects and one hundred thousand solar
pumps for farmers is at different stages of
implementation. India also lists the mitigation
technologies that the country plans to implement
which include accelerated-driven systems in
advanced nuclear fuel cycles and renewable
energy.
Renewables will comprise approximately 22%
24% of Japan's total power generation in 2030.
Japan further states that it plans to expand
Link to INDC
renewable energy introduction to the maximum
extent possible and to utilize nuclear power
generations whose safety is confirmed.

increase renewable electricity capacity from
7.62% in 2014 to 20% by 2020 and to 30% by
2030 as a share of total electricity generation
capacity. Increase renewable Link to INDC
electricity capacity from 7.62% in 2014 to 20% by
2020 and to 30% by 2030 as a share of total
electricity generation capacity.
Increase the share of hydroelectric generation

within limits of technical Hydroelectric potential.
Indicative goal: 9.4 GW by 2030. To increase
access to clean sources of electricity among
communities and households currently without Link to INDC
access to an electric power grid system. Indicative
goal: Rural electrification through the use of at
least 30% renewable sources to generate
electricity supplies.
By 2030, it is estimated that renewable energy
could potentially contribute up to 8% of Link to INDC
Singapores peak electricity demand.
Targets are defined in the Power Development

Plan (PDP), the Alternative Energy Development
Plan (AEDP) and the Energy Efficiency Plan (EEP).
For example, the PDP sets a target to achieve a
Link to INDC
20% share of power generation from renewable
sources in 2036. The AEDP aims to achieve a 30%
share of renewable energy in the total final energy
consumption in 2036.
Apply energy savings and efficiency, and
renewable energy applications in the residential
sector, trade and services. Change the energy
structure towards a reduced share of fossil fuel,
encouraging the exploitation and use of renewable
and low GHG emission energy sources. Apply
market instruments to promote structural change
Link to INDC
and improve energy efficiency; encourage the use
of clean fuels; support the development of
renewable energy; implement the roadmap to
phase out subsidies for fossil fuels. Promote
effective exploitation and increase the proportion
of new and renewable energy sources in energy
production and consumption.
Promote the deployment of renewable energy and

improve energy efficiency. Under Australias
Renewable Energy Target scheme, over 23% of Link to INDC
Australias electricity will come from renewable
sources by 2020.
The Cook Islands is committed to a future powered
by renewable energy with targets of 50% of
islands transformed from diesel based to
Link to INDC
renewable sourced electricity by 2015, to 100%
coverage by 2020 (Cook Islands Renewable
Electricity Chart, 2011)
The target is for the renewable energy share in

electricity generation to approach 100% by 2030 Link to INDC
from around 60% in 2013.
In energy sector, Indonesia has embarked on a
mixed energy use policy, with at least 23% coming Link to INDC
from new and renewable energy by 2025.
Reductions in fossil-fuel use by 2025 through

increases in renewable energy and energy
efficiency (RE and EE) in the following sectors and
geographical areas: South Tarawa by 45% (23%
RE and 22% EE); Kiritimati Island by 60% (40% RE
and 20% EE); rural public infrastructure, including Link to INDC
Southern Kiribati Hospital and Ice plants by 60%
(40%RE and 20% EE); and rural public and private
institutions such as boarding schools, Island
Council, private amenities and households by
100%
Halve GHG emissions between 2010 and 2030,
with a view to achieving net zero GHG emissions
by 2050 or earlier if possible. Reducing fossil-fuel
imports is the major goal, with the uptake of
Link to INDC
renewable energy and further energy efficiency
improvements on both the demand and supply
sides expected to replace more than one third of
fossil fuels for electricity and transport by 2030.
Naurus mitigation contributions are non-GHG

targets through implementation of conditional and
unconditional policies, measures and actions.
Nauru also recognizes that mitigation
contributions from developed countries may be
Link to INDC
absolute economy-wide emissions reduction
targets relative to a base year while the
developing countries can communicate policies,
measures and actions departing from business as
usual emissions.
Progress towards reaching our target of 90 percent
of electricity coming from renewable sources by Link to INDC
2025.
Reduce dependence on imported fossil fuels, Niue

will achieve a 38% share of renewable energy of
total electricity generation by 2020...This will in
part be delivered by a 10% reduction in
residential, commercial and government
Link to INDC
electricity demand by 2020.Conditional upon
additional international assistance, Niue could
increase its contribution to an 80% share of
renewable energy of total electricity generation,
or to even higher levels, by 2025.
Therefore a big effort will be to reduce fossil-fuel
emissions in the electricity generation sector by
transitioning as far as possible to using renewable
Link to INDC
energy. The target in this respect will be 100%
renewable energy by 2030, contingent on funding
being made available.
Samoa is committed to reducing its GHG

emissions from the Electricity sub sector through
the adoption of a100% Renewable energy target Link to INDC
for electricity generation through to the year
2025.
Involve the commissioning of hydropower, solar,
and geothermal plants. Anticipated installed
Link to INDC
capacities are as follows: hydropower 3.77 MW,
solar 3.2 MW, and geothermal 2040 MW
Transitioning to close to 100% renewable energy

in the electricity sector by 2030. This target would
replace nearly all fossilfuel requirements for
Link to INDC
electricity generation in the country and be
consistent with the National Energy Road Map
(NERM) target of 65% renewable energy by 2020.
67
Countries Codes & Standards
Established stringent coalfired

electricity standards that ban the
Canada construction of traditional coal-fired
electricity generation
units.
Energy Policy Act and the Energy

United States
Independence and Security Act.
Barbados Not Specified In INDC
Belize Not Specified In INDC

Bolivia Not Specified In INDC
Brazil Not Specified In INDC

Colombia Not Specified In INDC
National Climate Change Strategy

and supervising the definition of
technical
standards, closely coordinated with
other sectorial directions and
institutions related to
Costa Rica MINAE (Energy Department,
National Meteorological Institute,
National Forestry Finance Fund,
National Conservation Areas
System, National Forestry
Administration, among
others).
Grenada Not Specified In INDC
Guatemala Not Specified In INDC

Haiti Not Specified In INDC
Jamaica Not Specified In INDC

General Climate Change Law.
2012. National Strategy on Climate
Change, 10-20-40 years. 2013 .
Carbon tax.2014. National

Emissions and Emissions
Reductions Registry. 2014.
Mexico
Energy reform (laws and
regulations). 2014.
Ongoing process for new set of

standards and regulations.
Paraguay Not Specified In INDC

National Energy Efficiency Labelling
Standards (AirConditioning
Saint Lucia units, tubular and compact
fluorescent lamps)
Enhancement of the vehicle fleet

Uruguay through higher power efficiency
standards and lower emissions.
Algeria Not Specified In INDC
Improve the standards for

Central African
infrastructure construction.
Republic
The policy instruments under
development include a carbon tax,
desired emission reduction
outcomes (DEROs) for sectors,
Sotuh Africa
companylevel carbon budgets, as
well as regulatory standards and
controls for specifically identified
GHG pollutants and emitters.
Bosnia and
Not Specified In INDC
Herzegovinia
European Union Not Specified In INDC
UK
Russia Not Specified In INDC
Human and institutional capacity for

adoption of cleaner technology.
Capital markets that encourage
investment in decentralized
systems.
Information and intellectual property

Afghanistan rights for mitigation technologies.
Renewable energy, entry costs

support, access to capital, and
subsidies.
Environmental compliance
standards (emission and indoor).
Israel Not Specified In INDC
Jordan Not Specified In INDC

Turkey aims to use carbon credits
from international market
mechanisms to achieve its 2030
Turkey
mitigation target in a cost effective
manner and in accordance with the
relevant rules and standards.
United Arab Emirates Not Specified In INDC

An Energy Efficiency labelling
Bangladesh programme to promote sales of high
efficiency products in the market
Research and formulate greenhouse

gas emission standards for key
China
industries;
Stringent emission standards being
contemplated for thermal plants
would significantly reduce
emissions. 21 equipment and
appliances are labeled. The
programme has contributed to an
India increase of 25% to 30% in the
energy efficiency of an average
refrigerator or air-conditioner in
2014 compared to those sold in
2007. Corporate Average Fuel
Consumption standards.
Malaysia Not Specified In INDC

Promotion of compliance of energy
saving
standards for newly constructed
Japan
buildings. Promotion of compliance
of energy saving standards for
newly constructed housing
Thailand Not Specified In INDC

Viet Nam is developing and
preparing for the implementation of
Nationally
Appropriate Mitigation Actions
(NAMAs), as well as the registration
and implementation of carbon credit
projects according to the Verified
Carbon Standard (VCS) and the Gold
Standard (GS). Establish standards
on fuel consumption, and develop a
Vietnam
roadmap to remove obsolete and
energy-consuming technologies in
energy production and consumption
systems. Improve regulations and
technical standards for
infrastructure, public facilities and
housing, that are appropriate under
climate change conditions.
Australia Not Specified In INDC

Indonesia Not Specified In INDC
Countries that
mentioned the
categories in this
sample. (Not 15
Comprehensive only
in the section)
Buildings
North America
Not Specificed in INDC
Under the Energy Policy Act and the Energy

Independence and Security Act, the United States
Department of Energy has finalized multiple
measures addressing buildings sector emissions
including energy conservation standards for
building code determination for commercial
buildings as well as a building code determination
for residential
buildings.
Adaptation strategies in management and

development planning in all coastal and marine
sectors; review and strengthen planning
legislation and building codes, especially as it
relates to coastal development.


Energy efficiency actions to reduce emissions
include retrofitting of all buildings (20%
reduction), establishment of policies for energy
efficiency building codes for all building sectors
(30% reduction) and implementation of energy
efficiency in hotels (20% reduction).



Energy Efficient Buildings. Climate Resilience
Measures in Critical Buildings. Draft Revised
Building Code (includes energy efficiency
measures)
Africa
Thermal insulation of buildings between 2021 and
2030;

Europe
mitigation scenario implies unconditional

implementation of minimal technical requirements
and sanitation activities related to increase energy
efficiency within the buildings sector, e.g.
Renovation of buildings for which also

international financial support is required in order
to increase the emission reduction amount and
develop a sustainable system, as well as and a
very slight trend of increasing the share of RES in
electricity production.
This scenario does not imply any incentives, nor

ambitious or systematic approaches and plans for
implementation of EE measures in the buildings
sector (public and residential).
Waiting to see if the UK submitts se

Middle East
Building codes, and standards on appliances and

equipment.
Specific working groups
assessed and quantified the costs and benefits of
over a hundred different abatement measures in
each of the main sectors in the economy,
including energy, transportation, buildings, and
industry
Requiring the implementation of green building

codes: by setting clear standards for construction,
materials and land based on best practices; and
requiring all new buildings in the public sector to
comply with Leadership In Energy &
Environmental Design (LEED).
Constructing new residential buildings and service
buildings as energy efficient in accordance with
the Energy Performance of Buildings Regulations.
Creating Energy Performance Certificates for new
and existing buildings so as to control energy
consumption and greenhouse gas emissions and
to reduce energy consumption per square meter.
Reducing the consumption of primary energy

sources of new and existing buildings by means of
design, technological equipment, building
materials, development of channels that promote
the use of renewable energy sources (loans, tax
reduction, etc.). Dissemination of Green Building,
passive energy, zero-energy house design in order
to minimize the energy demand and to ensure
local production of energy
Building and efficiency standards: the UAE is

comprehensively targeting
emissions from its building sector, which account
for a significant percentage
of the countrys electricity and water
consumption, through green building
regulations, efficiency standards, retrofit programs
and support structures for
energy service companies across the UAE.
Asia
Energy Efficiency measures for buildings, such as

heat insulation and cooling measures, and a
revised code on energy efficiency of new
buildings. Under the Solar roof-top program
around 14 MW of solar has been installed on the
vacant
roof-tops of Government and private buildings.
Incentivise rainwater harvesting in commercial
buildings as a form of
water and energy conservation.
Improve energy efficiency of

building and the quality of building construction,
extending buildings life
spans, intensifying energy conservation
transformation for existing buildings,
building energy-saving and low-carbon
infrastructures, promoting the
reutilization of building wastes and intensifying
the recovery and utilization
of methane from landfills. accelerate the
construction of low-carbon communities in both
urban and rural areas, promoting the construction
of green buildings and the application of
renewable energy in buildings, To promote the
share of green buildings in newly built buildings of
cities and towns reaching 50% by 2020;
The Energy Conservation Building Code (ECBC)
sets minimum energy standards for new
commercial buildings. Design Guidelines for
Energy Efficient Multi-storey Residential buildings
have also been launched. recognize energy-
efficient buildings, as well as to stimulate their
large scale replication, India has developed its
own building- energy rating system GRIHA (Green
Rating for Integrated Habitat Assessment), based
on 34 criteria like site planning, conservation and
efficient utilization of resources etc.

Energy efficiency and conservation buildings
(remodeling). Promotion of nationwide campaigns
(thorough
promotion of Cool Biz/Warm Biz, repair of local
government buildings).

South Pacific

15
Transportation
North America
Working closely with the United States towards

common North
American greenhouse gas standards for vehicles. The
Government of Canada has put in place progressively
more stringent greenhouse gas emission standards for
passenger automobiles and
light trucks as well as regulations for heavy-duty
vehicles.
Clean Air Act, the United States Department of

Transportation and the United States Environmental
Protection Agency are moving to promulgate post-
2018 fuel economy standards for heavy-duty vehicles.
Non-electrical energy efficiency: a 29% reduction in
non-electric energy consumption
including transport, compared to a BAU scenario in
202910.
GOB is investing in
alternative vehicles and fuels such as compressed
natural gas, liquid petroleum gas, ethanol, natural
gas, hybrid and electric and encouraging their
adoption through tax incentives.
Aim is to achieve at
least a 20%
reduction in
conventional
transportation fuel
use by 2030 and
promote energy
efficiency in the
transport sector
through appropriate
policies and
investments.
Further promote efficiency measures, and

improve infrastructure for transport and public
transportation in urban
areas.
A greater use of electric transportation, both public

and private. These measures had
a greater level of consensus in the transport and
energy sector dialogues. Public Transportation
needs to improve its fleet composition as well as its
working design. This can be accomplished
through an Integrated Public Transportation system
where routes are improved, train service
strengthened, and availability of non-motorized
transportation enhanced, etc.
Reduce its emissions in the transport sector by 20%
by 2025. In order to meet its commitment Grenada
plans to undertake several policies/actions including
introduction of biofuel blends (specifically liquefied
natural gas and diesel blend), implementation of
gasoline and diesel taxes and implementation of fuel
efficiency standards for vehicles through incentives.

Support for the expansion of energy efficiency

initiatives in the electricity and transportation sectors,
in line with sector action plans and policies currently
under development.
Transportation technologies that are resilient to the
adverse effects of climate change in particular for
roads and massive transportation.

Introduced a new levy to control importation of used
vehicles. Reduction of excise tax and duty for
importers of fuel efficient vehicles and alternative
energy vehicles. Escalating taxes on higher engine
capacity vehicles.
Implement BRT corridors for metropolitan public

transport. Improve cargo transport, through the
incorporation of new multimodal systems, and
increased use of railroad and inland waterway
transport.
Africa
Algerias INDC covers the 2021-2030 period. It
involves mainly the sectors of energy, industry,
transport,

Investment in public transport infrastructure was US$
0.5 billion in 2012, and is expected to continue
growing at 5% per year.
Electric vehicles - US$513 billion from 2010 till 2050.

Hybrid electric vehicles: 20% by 2030 - US$488
billion.
Europe

Waiting to see if the UK submitts separate INDC

Middle East
Transport: more efficient vehicles, clean fuels, and

alternative fuels
Public transport 20% shift from private to public
transportation. Further development of public
transport systems in major
metropolitan areas such as the construction of the Tel
Aviv metropolitan light rail; the extension of the
intercity rail system and of the Jerusalem light rail.
Introduction of the Zero Emission Electric Vehicle

(ZEV) in Jordan will be implemented in various
phases with the eventual deployment of 3000
charging stations ( on grid & off grid) by to support
10000 ZEVs by the private sector. The ZEV charging
stations will be powered by renewable energy.
Ensuring balanced utilization of transport modes in
freight and passenger transport by
reducing the share of road transport and increasing
the share of maritime and rail
transport. National Smart Transportation Systems
Strategy Document (2014- 2023) and its Action Plan
(2014-2016). Promoting alternative fuels and clean
vehicles. Realizing high speed railway projects.
Reducing fuel consumption and emissions of road
transport with National Intelligent Transport Systems
Strategy Document (2014-2023) and its Action Plan
(2014-2016). Implementing green port and green
airport projects to ensure energy efficiency.
Government strategy has focused on the

diversification of the national economy and increased
investment in other sectors, including clean energy,
advanced manufacturing industries, tourism,
information technology, transportation,
ports, freight, aviation and space technology.
Asia
15% improvement in the

efficiency of vehicles due to more efficient running.
GHG
emissions from road transport were calculated in a
relatively
disaggregated manner, by combining data on
numbers of
vehicles, distances travelled and the fuel efficiencies
of the
vehicles.
Develop a green and low-carbon transportation

system, optimizing means of transportation, properly
allocating public transport resources in cities,
giving priority to the development of public
transportation and encouraging the development and
use of low-carbon and environment-friendly means of
transport, such as new energy vehicle and vessel.
The vision of Urban Transport policies is to focus on
moving people rather than
vehicles, in which Mass Rapid Transit System (MRTS)
would play an important
role.
Faster Adoption and Manufacturing of Hybrid &

Electric Vehicles in India (FAME
India) is a scheme formulated as part of the National
Electric Mobility Mission Plan
2020 (NEMMP). Vehicle Fuel Efficiency Program,
Government of India in 2014 finalized country's first
passenger vehicle fuel-efficiency standards.
Many mitigation actions are limited by the cost and

suitability of appropriate technologies. Generation
cost of renewable energy is still higher than
conventional energies while rail based mass transport
systems have high capital cost. Benefit relating to
electrification of transportation systems are also
limited by the current fuel mix used for electricity
generation which consist mainly of fossil fuels.
Other measures in transport sector (traffic flow
improvement, promotion of public transport,
modal shift to railway, comprehensive measure
for eco-friendly ship transportation, reduction of land
transportation distance by selecting nearest port,
comprehensive low-carbonization at ports,
optimization of truck transport, energy consumption
efficiency improvement of railways, energy
consumption efficiency improvement of
aviation, accelerated promotion of energy saving
ships, making vehicle transport business more eco
-friendly by eco-driving.
The Environmentally Sustainable Transport System

Plan also proposes ambitious actions to promote road-
to-rail modal shift for both freight and passenger
transport, which include
extensions of mass rapid transit lines, construction of
double-track railways and improvement of bus transit
in the Bangkok Metro areas. A vehicle tax scheme
based on CO2 emission was also approved and will
become effective beginning 2016.
Encourage buses and taxis to use compressed natural
gas and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG); implement
management solutions for fuel quality, emissions
standards, and vehicle maintenance. Develop public
passenger transport, especially fast modes of transit
in large urban centres.
Restructure freight towards a reduction in the share of
road transport in exchange for an
increase in the share of transportation via rail and
inland waterways;
South Pacific
National Energy Productivity Plan with a National

Energy Productivity Target of a 40 per cent
improvement between 2015 and 2030, the
investigation of opportunities to improve the
efficiency of light and heavy vehicles, and the
enhanced management of synthetic greenhouse gas
emissions under ozone protection laws and the
Montreal Protocol.
26
Appliances Main Energy Efficiency Target
Economy-wide target to
Not Specified in INDC reduce our greenhouse gas emissions by
30% below 2005 levels by 2030.
Energy conservation standards for

appliances and equipment. Conservation
Not Specified in INDC
standards for a broad range of appliances
and equipment
Reducing its own emissions by
introducing concrete mitigation actions
that will see the
The Caribbean Hotel Energy Efficiency and
decarbonisation of its electricity grid,
Renewable
initiatives to improve energy efficiency
Energy Action-Advanced Program
and reduced
(CHENACT), energy efficiency measures in
emissions from its other sectors.
homes
Electrical energy efficiency: a 22%
and various LED lighting initiatives.
reduction in electricity consumption
compared to
a BAU10 scenario in 2029.
Reduction in
transmission and
distribution losses
from 12% to 7% by
2030 resulting in
electricity savings.
Expected cumulative reduction in

emission by enhancement of the grid
infrastructure would be
in the range of 160-
273Gg CO2e until 2030. Cumulative
reduction in
emissions from bagasse
would be 947Gg CO2 by
2030.
Energy development is a key factor in
expanding economic diversification,
producing renewable energy and
improving energy efficiency. Electric
power will become one of the generators
5 Informal translation.
For the authoritative version, please

refer to the Spanish version published on
the UNFCCC website. of wealth for
Bolivians through investments in
hydropower and alternative energy.
This will also increase the export

capacity of energy from renewable
sources to neighbouring countries.
In the industry sector, promote new

standards of clean technology and
further enhance energy efficiency
measures and low carbon infrastructure;
Increase energy efficiency in the
industrial, residential and commercial
sectors, fugitive emissions due to the
deceleration of oil and coal production.
Reducing energy demand and GHG

emissions (Energy efficiency &
conservation, low emissions development
pathways). Decarbonizing energy supply
Not Specified In INDC (Electricity, liquids, gases). Fuel switching
in end-uses (Buildings, transport,
industry). Enhancing Carbon sinks (Land-
use, reforestation)
Grenada plans a 30% reduction in
emissions through electricity production
by 2025 with 10% from renewables and
20% from energy efficiency measures.
To achieve this goal Grenada needs to
produce 20MW hours of electricity from
renewable sources at a conservative 45%
portfolio capacity factor.
Not Specified In INDC Not Specified In INDC

Jamaicas intended nationally determined

contribution covers actions in the energy
sector (IPCC source category.
It includes emissions of carbon dioxide,

Not Specified In INDC methane, nitrous oxide, nitrogen oxides,
carbon monoxide, non-methane volatile
organic compounds, and sulphur dioxide.
The entire national territory of Jamaica is
covered by the scope.

Energy Efficient Appliances. National
Energy Efficiency Labelling Standards Energy Efficient Buildings. Energy
(AirConditioning Efficient Appliances.
units, tubular and compact fluorescent
lamps) Water Distribution and Network Efficiency
Uruguay cannot mitigate climate change

at the expense of food production, but
rather work on improving the efficiency
of the emissions per product in the
sector, the country sets forth specific
targets for beef production.
This activity accounts for 78% of

domestic CH4 emissions (due to enteric
fermentation) and 63% of domestic N2O
emissions (due to manure left on pasture
by grazing animals).
These targets are presented as emission

intensity per kilogram of beef
(liveweight).
Algerias mitigation strategy covers
mainly energy, forests, housing,
transport, industry and waste sectors.
It is based in particular on the national
programs for renewable energy and
energy efficiency.
Promotion of low-energy light bulbs

initiated by the national power company
Energie Centrafricaine (ENERCA) within the
framework of the energy conservation
policy, and the promotion of improved cook
stoves.
Replace an inefficient fleet of
ageing coal-fired power plants with clean
To further reduce emissions that have been
and high efficiency technology going
identified include: Energy efficient lighting;
forward.
variable speed drives and efficient motors;
In addition, programmes to increase
energy efficient appliances; solar water
efficiency and reduce
heaters; electric and hybrid electric
emissions intensity across the economy
vehicles;
are being rolled out.
Decarbonised electricity by 2050 -
solar PV; wind power; carbon capture and
estimated total of US$349 billion from
sequestration; and advanced bio-energy.
2010. CCS: 23 Mt CO2 from the coal-to-
liquid plant - US$0.45 billion.
This mitigation scenario implies

unconditional implementation of minimal
Not Specified In INDC technical requirements and sanitation
activities related to increase energy
efficiency within the buildings sector.
tts separate INDC

Raising the level of energy efficiency,
reducing energy intensity of the economy
and increasing share of renewables in the
Russian energy balance.
Energy Production (hydropower, solar

systems, wind and biomass, commercial,
domestic:
Clean cooking, heating and power projects. clean cook stoves and fuels, and solar
energy.Energy Efficiency (households,
transport, industry, services, mining,
agriculture). Carbon finance and project
development skills.
Energy efficiency - 17% reduction in
electricity consumption
relative to BAU scenario in 2030. The
establishment of mechanisms leveraging
large scale private funding together with
public funding of energy efficiency
projects. Israel attains extremely high
levels of water reuse (85%). However to
Not Specified In INDC meet increasing water demand several
desalination plants have been
constructed. These installations are
comparatively energy efficient and
currently account for 5% of energy
consumption. Water scarcity may
necessitate the construction of additional
plants in the future.
The 2012 Energy Efficiency and

Renewable Energy Law no. 13 is also a
key enabler, providing incentives for
sustainable energy solutions as Jordan
Introducing water saving technologies such
seeks to increase renewable energy from
as low-flow toilets and showers, and
2% of overall energy in 2013 to 10 % in
efficient appliances
2020, and to improve energy efficiency
by 20 % by 2020. Conducting awareness
programs targeting local communities
and societies on energy efficiency;
Reducing emission intensity with the
implementation of National Strategy and
Action
Plan on Energy Efficiency. Increasing
energy efficiency in industrial
installations and providing financial
support
to energy efficiency projects.
Appliance efficiency standards: the UAE

introduced the regions first
efficiency standards for air-conditioning
units, eliminating the lowestperforming
20% of units on the market, and is
introducing efficiency
standards for refrigeration and other
appliances. Not Specified In INDC
The UAE has also

established an indoor lighting standard
that introduces energy efficient lighting
products and phases-out inefficient lighting
products in the UAE
market.
70% market share of improved biomass
Carry out energy audits to incentivise
cookstoves, reaching 20 million households
the uptake of energy efficiency and
in 2030. 40% market share of improved
conservation measures in the main
gas cookstoves. 10% market switch from
industrial sectors based on the
biomass to LPG for cooking
Bangladesh Energy Efficiency and
compared to the business as
Conservation Masterplan.
usual.
improve energy efficiency and increase

its forest carbon sinks, with a view to
efficiently mitigating greenhouse gas
emissions. China is making efforts to
Not Specified In INDC embark on a sustainable development
path that is in line with its national
circumstances and leads to multiple wins
in terms of economic development, social
progress and combating climate change.
Super Efficient Fan (that uses half as much
energy as the average fan) programme has
been launched. Further, two sets of
India has a definite plan of action for
Corporate Average Fuel Consumption
clean energy, energy efficiency in various
standards for cars have been notified, with
sectors of industries, steps to achieve
one coming into force in 2017 and the
lower emission intensity in the
second set in 2022. there has been rapid
automobile and transport sector, a major
transformation of efficient lighting in India.
thrust to non-fossil based electricity
generation and a building sector based
The sales of Compact fluorescent lamps
on energy conservation. About 144 old
(CFLs) have risen to about 37% of the total
thermal stations have been assigned
lighting requirements in 2014 from 7.8% in
mandatory targets for improving energy
2005. India has also launched an ambitious
efficiency. Coal beneficiation has been
plan to replace all incandescent lamps with
made
Light-emitting diode (LED) bulbs in the
mandatory.
next few years leading to energy savings of
upto 100 billion kilowatt hours (kWh)
annually.

Japans industrial sectors, both steel
(converter steel production) and cement
(clinker production) have attained the
worlds highest level of energy efficiency,
but further improvement is planned
through specific policies and measures
listed in the attached documents, such as
promotion and enhancement of the
industries action plans towards a low
carbon society.
Ministry of Energy is taking a step

forward to balance three key aspects of
energy planning for Thailand: security,
economy and ecology, also taking into
account the need to address climate
change. Ambitious targets are defined in
the Power Development Plan (PDP), the
Alternative Energy Development Plan
(AEDP) and the Energy Efficiency Plan
(EEP).
Establish standards on fuel consumption,
and develop a roadmap to remove
Not Specified In INDC obsolete and energy-consuming
technologies in energy production and
consumption systems.
Emissions Reduction Fund supports

Australian businesses to reduce
emissions
while improving productivity. The first
auction under the Fund was held in April
2015, and
Not Specified In INDC successfully purchased over 47 million
tonnes of abatement at an average price
of
AU$13.95. Australia has additional policy
measures in place to promote the
deployment of renewable energy and
improve energy efficiency.
Not Specified In INDC Not Specified in INDC
10 26
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Countries Natural Gas Targets
North America
Canada is making meaningful progress to limit and

reduce greenhouse gas emissions in key sectors. For
example, emerging technologies and federal
regulatory action has limited emissions in the
transportation sector, despite growth in vehicle fleets
Canada
while emissions are falling in the electricity sector due
to coal phase out, switching to natural gas and growth
in non-emitting generation. reduce GHG emissions
from natural gas-fired electricity, as well
as from chemicals and nitrogen fertilizers;
Dispatch to existing and underconstruction natural

United States gas combined cycle (NGCC) units to
up to 70% capacity factor.
Non-electrical energy efficiency: a 29% reduction in
non-electric energy consumption including transport,
compared to a BAU scenario in 202910 . GOB is
Barbados investing in alternative vehicles and fuels such as
compressed natural gas, liquid petroleum gas,
ethanol, natural gas, hybrid and electric and
encouraging their adoption through tax incentives.
Belize Not Specificed in INDC

Bolivia Not Specificed in INDC
Brazil Not Specificed in INDC

Cuba Not Specificed in INDC
Colombia Not Specificed in INDC

Costa Rica Not Specificed in INDC
Ecuador Not Specificed in INDC

Grenada plans to reduce its emissions in the transport
sector by 20% by 2025. In order to meet its
commitment Grenada plans to undertake several
policies/actions including introduction of biofuel
Grenada
blends (specifically liquefied natural gas and diesel
blend), implementation of gasoline and diesel taxes
and implementation of fuel efficiency standards for
vehicles through incentives.
Guatemala Not Specificed in INDC

Haiti Not Specificed in INDC
Jamaica Not Specificed in INDC

Fugitive emissions from fuels. Solid fuels. Oil and
Mexico natural gas and other emissions from energy
production. CO2 transport and storage
Paraguay Not Specificed in INDC

Saint Lucia Not Specificed in INDC
With the objective of reducing this national

vulnerability in terms of electricity generation against
drought, have been built power plants, generating a
reduction of 4.38% of the dependence of energy
production through large hydroelectric, with respect to
the energy matrix of the year 2010. On the other
Venezuela hand, began the substitution of technology for
thermoelectric power generation based on liquid fuels
(diesel and fuel-oil) for natural gas in generating
plants in the country, combined cycle technologies
registering date 6.92% increase in generation with
gas turbine with respect to the 2010 national energy
matrix.
Uruguay Not Specificed in INDC
Africa
Increase the share of liquefied petroleum and natural

gas in the consumption of
Algeria
fuels between 2021 and 2030;
Oil and Natural Gas Production and processing Venting
Egypt and flaring (waste heat)
Nigeria Not Specificed in INDC

Libya Natural Gas Resources but no INDC sumbitted
Equitorial Guinea Not Specificed in INDC

A policy known as Master Plan for Natural Gas (2014
Mozambique
to 2030);
Natural Gas Policy (2013); he Natural Gas Act (2015);

Beyond enhancing carbon sinks through forest
conservation,
afforestation and reforestation, the country is
embarking on enhanced use of natural gas with 53.28
trillion cubic feet discovered reserves of which to-date
Tanzania
over 100 million cubic feet are exploited to produce
501 MW. Expanding the use of natural gas for power
production, cooking,
transport and thermal services through improvement
of natural gas
supply systems throughout the country.
Angola Not Specificed in INDC
(roughly translated) The compsition of the electricity

mix 26% coal, 32% natural gas combined cycle, 26%
Ivory Coast hydroelectricity, 16% other energies from renewable
sources, either a cumulation of 42% of renewabled in
the mix by 2030.
Gabon Not Specificed in INDC
Morocco Not Specificed in INDC

Tunisia Not Specificed in INDC
South Africa Not Specificed in INDC
Europe
Bosnia and Fugitive emissions from fuels - Solid fuels - Oil and
Herzegovinia natural gas
Russia Not Specificed in INDC
UK Waiting for Separate Submission

Oil and natural gas and other emissions from energy
European Union
production
Middle East
Power plants: fuel shift to natural gas and renewables.

Afghanistan
This level of unconditional emission reduction will be
achieved through development of combined cycle
power plants, renewable energies and nuclear power,
as well as reduction of gas flare emissions, increasing
energy efficiency in various consuming sectors,
Iran substituting high-carbon fuels with natural gas,
strategic planning for utilizing low-carbon fuels,
intensifying economic diversification and participation
in market-based mechanisms at the national and
international levels. Reducing natural gas leakage in
the distribution networks;
Measures to increase the use of natural gas. The

recent discovery
of additional natural gas reserves off the coast of
Israel has and
will continue to contribute to a partial switch from coal
to natural
gas in Israel's fuel mix and which contributed to GHG
Israel
emissions
reduction between 2012 and 2015. The government is
now
working on the further development of gas fields,
expected to
have significant mitigation potential;
Total primary energy consumed in Jordan
was about 8.2 million tons of oil equivalent, 82% of
which were crude oil and oil derivatives, 11% natural
gas,
3% renewable energy and imported electricity and 4%
petroleum coke and coal. Performance Indicators
(KPIs)-
style targets for renewable energy share in the total
energy mix in 2025 as well as increasing the
Jordan
percentage of the contribution of natural gas in the
energy mix to 39%. Diversifying the sources and kinds
of energy and diversifying sources of natural gas
imports: Ensuring
7 safe and flexible gas deals in the short, medium and
long-terms and finding additional sources of
natural gas to supply industries and distribution
projects in cities (KPI-style target of 39% natural
gas in the energy mix in 2025).
Turkey Not Specificed in INDC

Utilization of gas: Encourage investments on exploring
and producing natural gas to
significantly increase its contribution to the national
Saudi Arabia
energy mix. The success on realizing the Mitigation
co-benefit ambition in this area will depend on the
success of exploring and developing natural gas.
Qatar has been contributing indirectly to the global

Qatar efforts to mitigate climate change by exporting
Liquefied Natural Gas as a clean energy.
The Emirate of Abu Dhabi has also set targets to shift
25% of government
vehicle fleets to compressed natural gas; and the
Emirate of Dubai has invested in a multi-billion dollar
light-rail and metro
system, which will continue to add new lines.
Asia
Bangladesh Not Specificed in INDC

To expand the use of natural gas: by 2020, achieving
more than 10% share of
natural gas consumption in the primary energy
China consumption and making
efforts to reach 30 billion cubic meters of coal-bed
methane production;
India Not Specificed in INDC

Japan Not Specificed in INDC
Malaysia Not Specified In INDC

Mongolia Not Specificed in INDC
Conditional on availability of international support, as

its contribution to global action to reduce future
emissions of greenhouse gases. The document also
Myanmar presents planned and existing policies and strategies
which will provide the policy framework to implement
identified actions and prioritise future mitigation
actions
Singapore had made early policy choices to reduce its
GHG footprint by switching from fuel oil to natural gas.
Singapore Today, over 90% of electricity is generated from
natural gas. Today, over 90% of electricity is
generated from natural gas.
Energy security has long been an issue of concern

over the course of Thailand's development. In the
past, power generation in Thailand relied heavily on
crude oil imports. To remedy this, the Government
initiated a shift to natural gas in the power generation
Thailand sector as early as the 1980s.
Such effort has continued throughout the 1990s. And,
in 2005 about 72% of electricity in Thailand was
generated using natural gas, which is already a
cleaner alternative to other types
of fossil fuels.
Encourage buses and taxis to use compressed natural
gas and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG); implement
Vietnam
management solutions for fuel quality, emissions
standards, and vehicle maintenance.
South Pacific
Countries that
mentioned the
categories in this
sample. (Not 26
Comprehensive only
in the section)
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Countries
North
Canada
Egypt
Malawi
Sotuh Africa
Eu
Norway
Midd
Bahrain
Saudi Arabia
Iran
A
Carbon Capture and Storage
North America
Canada is a leader in clean energy technologies, and has made multiple investments in such technolo
Examples include the worlds first large scale power sectorcarbon capture and storageproject in S
capture and storage project at an oil sands operation.
electricity sector regulations make Canada the first major coal user to ban the construction of tradition
These regulations will also lead to the phase-out of existing coal-fired electricity units without carbon
Africa
There are four key technology-related requirements essential for transformation:
(ii) carbon capture and storage CCS as a technology alternative that can be used in the future if pro
Support industries engaged in carbon capture and storage
[Conditional on external support in capacity building, technology development and transfer, and finan
Support component of INDC
Analysis of the incremental costs of mitigation actions indicates that significant finance and investmen
following estimates are of total incremental costs required:
3. CCS: 23 Mt CO2 from the coal-to-liquid plant - US$0.45 billion.
Some technologies that could help South Africa to further reduce emissions that have been identified
speed drives and efficient motors; energy efficient appliances; solar water heaters; electric and hybrid
carbon capture and sequestration; and advanced bio-energy.
Europe
With reference to the White Paper, the priority areas for enhanced national climate policy efforts are: C
Middle East
BAPCO Carbon Recovery Plan utilizes Waste CO rich off gas stream which is to be used for industrial applications.
Gulf Petrochemical Industries Company (GPIC) Carbon Recovery Project is able to capture CO in the flue gases o
The UAE is also developing the regions first commercial-scale network for carbon capture, usage and storage. Th
emissions at a steel manufacturing facility, which will be compressed and transported to oil fields, where it will be use
underground providing one of the first viable mechanisms to decarbonize essential energy intensive industries.
Carbon Capture and Utilization/Storage: promote and encourage actions in this area. As part of its sustainability pro
build the worlds largest carbon capture and use plant. This initiative aims to capture and purify about 1,500 tons of C
Saudi Arabia will operate on pilot testing basis, a Carbon Dioxide Enhanced Oil Recovery (CO2 - EOR) demonstra
sequestration in oil reservoirs and any other useful applications. Forty million standard cubic feet a day of CO that w
Othmaniya oil reservoir. This pilot project has comprehensive monitoring and surveillance plans. The success of this
contribute to the Kingdom's ambition in addressing climate change.
Technology cooperation will allow for the identification of appropriate technological options, which are consistent with
financial resources in order to promote enabling environment for economic diversification and technological develop
Financial and Technological Needs
Due to the significant share of energy sector in emissions (more than 90%) and consequently the high
mitigation, its major technological requirements are as follows:
Use of renewable and alternative energy resources (like nuclear power) as well as biofuels, biogas, wa
Asia
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Intended National Determined Contributions (INDCs)

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Countries INDC Topline Goals

Achieve an economy-wide target to reduce its

Reduction in GHG emissions of 44% compared to its

Bolivia presents its contribution "in two dimensions: one

Reduce its greenhouse gas emissions by 20% with

Reducing its Greenhouse gas emissions by 30% of 2010

Reduce its emissions by 31% relative to a baseline

Mexico is committed to reduce unconditionally 25% of its

23% reduction against BAU emission projections in 2030,

A greenhouse gas emission reduction of 7% to 22% by

Reduction of 18.2% compared to the baseline in 2030, or

Reduce emissions by 20% by 2030, relative to 2010

Reduce GHG emissions by at least 50 percent from

Estimated level of mitigation: -13% greenhouse gas

Reduce unconditionally 10% of its GHG emissions by

The Government of Malawi communicated mitigation and

Reduction of about 89% of its GHG emissions at the 2030

In a conditional, low-carbon scenario, the contribution of

The Republic of Seychelles will reduce its economy-wide

Conditional mitigation and adaptation actions. As its

Lower its carbon intensity by 41 percent in 2030, relative

Achieved, compared to the BAU scenario, is 2% by 2030

Member States are committed to a binding target of an at

Achieve an economy-wide unconditional target of

Up to 21 percent reduction in GHG emissions from the

Unconditional contribution to reduce GHG emissions by

Malaysia intends to reduce its greenhouse gas (GHG)

Conditional on availability of international support, as its

Reduce its greenhouse gas emissions by 20 percent from

Implement an economy-wide target to reduce

Sector specific reduction focusing on a renewable energy

Commit to reduce emissions by 13.7% by 2025 and

The Government of the Republic of Nauru considers the

Achieve a 38% share of renewable energy of total

Samoa is targeting the Energy Sector with a focus on the

Mitigation contribution for the Vanuatu INDC submission

Inadequate Not Specified

Conditional INDC only

Conditional commitment: Increased

Subject to the provision of international

Conditional INDC only

Unconditional target: Reducing emissions

The 25% reduction commitment

Conditional INDC only

Conditional on external assistance for the

Conditional emissions reduction of 71%

Conditional INDC only

Not Rated Not Specified

Conditional INDC only

The conditional target is 35% by 2030

The table also shows mitigation actions,

Namibia is now taking steps and

Conditional INDC only

The cost of achieving the reduction

The extent to which Swazilands

To achieve the rest of its objective, i.e. an

With international support, which would

Wait for future submission

Medium Not Specified

Unconditional INDC only

Turkey will use domestic sources and

Conditional 15% reduction in GHG

A further 10% is condition upon receipt of

Conditional on availability of international