Presentation on

ENERGY CONSERVATION IN PUMPS

An Overview

Types of Pumps

Features of various Pumps

Selection of pumps

Performance Calculation

Flow control strategies

Energy saving measures in Pumps
Types of Pumps

Dynamic Pumps
Centrifugal
Special effect pumps

Displacement Pumps
Rotary
Reciprocating
Order of Preference

Centrifugal

Rotary

Reciprocating
Pumps Used in Building Services

Sump Pumps
Monobloc

Bore well Pumps
Submersible Pumps
Jet Pumps
Centrifugal Pumps

Very simple design

Two main parts are the impeller and the
diffuser

Impellers
Bronze
poly carbonate
cast iron

stainless steel
Pressure developed by the Pump

depends upon
Impeller dia
No.of impellers
size of the impeller eye
shaft speed
Size of the pump

Depends on
Head
Capacity
Advantages of centrifugal Pump

Very efficient

Produce smooth and even flow

Reliable with good service life
Disadvantages

Loss of priming easily

Efficiency depends upon operating design
head & speed.
Submersible Pumps

Centrifugal pump closely coupled with
motor

Does not require long drive shaft

Motor operates at a cooler temperature.

Noiseless operation.

High efficiency

Smooth and even flow

In case of repair full pump to be removed.
Jet Pumps

Combination of a surface centrifugal pump,
nozzle and venturi arrangement.

Used in small dia bore wells.

Simple design

Low purchase and maintenance cost.

Easy accessibility to all moving parts.

Low efficiency.
DSM measures to reduce
consumption in pumps
Demand side management measures

Use of friction less foot valve.

Use of HDPE pipes

Use of appropriate capacitor.

Use of higher size suction pipe compared to
delivery pipe.
Pump Performance calculation

Overall Efficiency = Hydraulic power ( P2) X
100/ Power input ( P1)

Pump efficiency. = Hydraulic power ( P2) X
100/ Power input to pump shaft ( P3)

Hydraulic Power ( P2) = Q X Total Head ( hd -
hs ) X p X g / 1000

Q = discharge in m/s

p = density of fluid in kg/ m

g = acceleration due to gravity ( m/s)

P1 = 1.732 X V X I X pf

P3 = P1 X eff.of motor.
Key Parameter for determining
efficiency

Flow

Head

Power
Flow Measurement Techniques

Tracer Method

Ultrasonic flow measurement

Tank filling method

Installation of online flow meter
 Determination of total head

Suction head
measured from pump inlet pressure gauge
reading

Discharge head
This is taken from the pump discharge side Pr.
gauge
Typical name plate details of
pump

Pumps: (Monoblock Pumps used for
Drinking water)
Sl.No ITEM Pump1 Pump2
1 Make Beacon Beacon
2 Capa hp/kW 5 (3.7) 5 (3.7)
3 Pipe sizes S/D 65/50 mm 65/50 mm
4 Head 25 m 25 m
Typical name plate details of
pump
5 Discharge 8 L/s 8 L/s
6 Amps 8 8
7 Overall Efficiency 47% 47 %
Typical performance
calculations

PUMP EFFICIENCY CALCULATION
SHEET

SL.NO. ITEM Pump1 Pump2 Units

1 Voltage 406 407 volts

2 Current 6.0 6.6 amps

3 P.F 0.83 0.82

4 Power input 3.5 3.48 KW
Typical performance
calculations

5 Dis. Head 22.2 22.2 m

6 Suc.Head 2.2 2.2 m

7 discharge 8 8 L/s

8 Hyd.Power 1.57 1.57 KW

9 Pump Effi. 44.85 45.10
Typical observations/
Recommendations

1. Replace the existing discharge line with

the 50 mm dia pipes to reduce the friction
losses.

2. Provide water level switch to switch off
the pump sets as soon as the Tank is filled.

3. Replace the existing pump sets with
high efficiency pump sets.
Factors to be considered from
user side

Size pump correctly

Operate close to the best efficiency point.

Size all piping and valves correctly

Avoid all leakages.
Flow control Strategies

Varying speed

Pumps in parallel

stop/start control

Flow control valve

By pass control valve

Trimming impeller

Use of VFDS
Energy conservation
opportunities in pumping

Operate pump near best efficiency point.

Replace old pumps by energy efficient
pumps

Reduce system resistance by pressure
drop assessment and pipe size
optimization.

Provide booster pump for few areas of
higher head.
Energy conservation
opportunities in pumping

Conduct water balance to minimize water

consumption.

Ensure availability of instruments like
pressure gauges, flow meters.

Repair seals and packing to minimize water
loss.

Avoid valves in discharge side as far as
possible.

Operate pumpset during non-peak hours.
Thank You