RESULTS

1) Water

Flat paddle: no baffle

Angular Angular Force F, Torque T Power P

speed(r.p.m) speed (N) (Nm) (Watt)
(rad/s)
50 5.24 18.18 2.0 10.48
100 10.47 20.909 2.3 24.081
150 15.71 24.55 2.7 42.417
200 20.94 Undefined Overflow Undefined
250 26.18 Undefined overflow undefined

Flat paddle :with baffle

Angular Angular Force F, Torque T Power P

speed(r.p.m) speed (N) (Nm) (Watt)
(rad/s)
50 5.24 7.27 0.8 4.192
100 10.47 10 1.1 11.517
150 15.71 25.45 2.8 43.988
200 20.94 66.36 7.3 152.862
250 26.18 101.81 11.2 293.216

Impeller turbine: no baffle

Angular Angular Force F, Torque T Power P

speed(r.p.m) speed (N) (Nm) (Watt)
(rad/s)
50 5.24 16.36 1.8 9.432
100 10.47 18.18 2.0 20.94
150 15.71 21.82 2.4 37.704
200 20.94 24.55 2.7 56.538
250 26.18 25.45 2.8 73.304

Impeller turbine: with baffle

Angular Angular Force F, Torque T Power P

speed(r.p.m) speed (N) (Nm) (Watt)
(rad/s)
50 5.24 6.36 0.7 3.668
100 10.47 7.27 0.8 8.376
150 15.71 9.09 1.0 15.71
200 20.94 10.91 1.2 25.128
250 26.18 12.73 1.4 36.652

2) Oil
Flat paddle : without buffle

Angular Angular Force F, Torque T Power P

speed(r.p.m) speed (N) (Nm) (Watt)
(rad/s)
50 5.24 18.18 2.0 10.48
100 10.47 20.91 2.3 24.081
150 15.71 22.73 2.5 39.275
200 20.94 24.55 2.7 56.538
250 26.18 26.36 2.9 75.922

Flat paddle : with baffle

Angular Angular Force F, Torque T Power P

speed(r.p.m) speed (N) (Nm) (Watt)
(rad/s)
50 5.24 9.09 1.0 5.24
100 10.47 11.82 1.3 13.611
150 15.71 13.64 1.5 23.565
200 20.94 34.55 3.8 79.572
250 26.18 77.27 8.5 222.53

Turbine impeller: no baffle

Angular Angular Force F, Torque T Power P

speed(r.p.m) speed (N) (Nm) (Watt)
(rad/s)
50 5.24 33.64 3.7 19.39
100 10.47 35.45 3.9 40.93
150 15.71 65.982 4.2 65.98
200 20.94 40 4.4 92.136
250 26.18 41.82 4.6 120.43

Turbine impeller : with baffle

Angular Angular Force F, Torque T Power P

speed(r.p.m) speed (N) (Nm) (Watt)
(rad/s)
50 5.24 15.45 1.7 8.908
100 10.47 25.45 2.8 29.32
150 15.71 18.18 2.0 31.42
200 20.94 20.91 2.3 48.16
250 26.18 22.73 2.5 65.45

Power consumed vs angular speed with no baffles

power consumed vs angular speed

80
73.3

70

60 56.54

50 flat paddle with no baffle

42.42 impeller turbine with no
37.7 baffle
40

30
24.08
20.94
20
10.48
10
0 0
0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30

Power consumed with baffles

 power consumed vs angular speed
flat paddle with baffle impeller turbine with baffle

350

293.22
300

250

200
152.86
150

100

43.99 36.65
50 25.13
11.52 15.71
3.67
4.19 8.38
0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30

Power vs torque at different values with no baffle

power consumed vs torque

80
73.3

70

60 56.54
flat baffle with no baffle
50 impeller turbine with no
42.42 baffle
37.7
40

30 24.08
20.94
20
10.48 9.43
10
0 0
0
0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5

Power vs torque at different values with baffle.

 power consumed vs torque
350

293.22
300

250

flat paddle with baffle

200
impeller turbine with baffle
152.86
150

100

50 36.6543.99
25.13
15.71
11.52
8.38
4.19
3.67
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12

power consumed vs torque for impeller tubine with baffle

40 36.65

35

30
25.13
25

20
15.71
15

10 8.38

3.67
5

0
0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5

CALCULATIONS
Sample calculations.
 How to get angular speed, (rad/s)?
By using formula,
2
Angular speed (rad/s)= Angular speed(r.p.m) 60

50 rate 2 rad 1 minute

= minute 1 rate 60 s

=5.24 rad/s
How to get force F
By using formula,

=force torque arm ( 0.11 m )

2.0 Nm
0.11 m =18.18 N

How to obtain power?

By using formula,

power=torque angular speed

rad 1 kJ / s 1Watt
Power=2.0 2.0 Nm 5.24 =10.48Watt
s Nm 1 kJ rad

DISCUSSIONS

This experiment consist

of two parts which is
experiment 1 and
experiment 2 which has
different objectives. The
objective of experiment
1 is to observe the flow
patterns that be
achieved by the use of
different impellers which
are flat paddle impeller
and turbine impeller
with and without the use
of baffles. But, the
objective of experiment
2 is to show how the
power
consumed by a mixer
varies with speed and
the inclusion of baffle.
Liquid mixing apparatus
is
used to achieve these
objectives.
In experiment 1, the
flow patterns of water
with different types of
impeller are observed.
Four set of flow patterns
are drawn with the use
of two different
impellers with and
without the
baffle. These impellers
used a rotor to increase
the pressure and flow of
a fluid and also act as
the
agitator for mixing the
substances. Agitation
and swirling are the
method for combining
the
compounds. Based on
the observation, we can
know that flow pattern
of the water is depend
on
the type of impeller
used. This experiment
has been conducted
using the same speed
which is
100 rpm.
18
Therefore, we can see
that the flow patterns
produced are circular
pattern and rotary
motion
when using two types of
impellers without the
inclusion of baffles.
Another observation
that can
be seen is the
production of the deep
vortex in the without
inclusion baffled tank.
By using flat
paddle impeller, it
created a deeper
whirlpool than turbine
impeller at the centre of
the tank. With
the inclusion of baffle,
the use of flat paddle
and turbine blade as the
impeller produced the
same
flow pattern which is
uneven. The flow is
observed to have
actually split into two
streams which
are then continuing
flowing along the tank
wall and back to the
impeller.
In experiment 2, two set
of results are obtained in
which the differences
are the inclusion
of baffles. The torque is
recorded at every
increment of speed and
the powers consumed
and the
forces are calculated.
The graph of power (W)
against speed (rad/s) is
also plotted to give a
clearer understanding of
all of the relationships
involved. From the
results and the graph
obtained, it can be seen
that the power
consumed increases as
the speed increases. It
also can be
seen that the power
consumed in a baffled
tank is higher than
without using baffled
tank. This is
because with the use of
baffles in an agitation
process, vortex does not
occur thus proper
mixing
is achieved.
The results obtained
from this experiment are
not exactly accurate.
This is because
happened the errors
occurred during
conducting the
experiment. Firstly, we
should have repeated
the experiment for at
least 3 times to get
more accurate results.
Besides that, the tank is
not
cleaned thoroughly after
conducting experiment.
An unclean tank can
affect the reading of the
torque because of the
mixing of oil and water.
Then, when the
observation is being
read non-
perpendicularly to the
scale, it can cause
parallax error during the
measuring and filling the
tank
with water and oil