CHAPTER I

PLOT ANALYSIS OF A TALE OF TWO CITIES

A. Beginning
1. Exposition
Dr. Manatte was a physician, a member of Telsons bank. He had spent eighteen years in
Bastille (a prison in French). Because of that, he was mad and prematurely aged and his
activities were only cobbling shoes.
Dr. Manatte had a daughter named Lucy who was seventeen years old, pretty; blonde,
young woman an she has a golden hair. She had traveled with Mr. Jervis Lorry to look for
Lucys father after he had been imprisoned for eighteen years. Mr. Jervis lorry was sent by his
firm Telsons bank, in a confidential mission to Paris, his object was to find Dr. Alexander
Manatte. Jervis Lorry was sixty was still looked young.
Charles Darnay was one of French nobleman, prisoner and young man of about twenty-
five years old and he was tall. He earned a living as a tutor and courts. He had married Lucie
after a long competition with Sydney Carton (Darnays friend) and Sydney cartoon was a
lawyer in the court. Darnay was put on a trial a number of times because of his family.

2. Initial Conflict
When Lorry was an agent of Telsons bank, he had traveled from England to French to
find Dr. Alexander Manatte. On the way of his journey, every one whom he met was
suspicious people, exactly people in the coach that he had already gotten in, because on that
time the condition in both England and French were very frightening. It was an age when
even cities people might easily being robbed and killed by villains. After arriving at Dover ( a
city of England near to the beach ) Lorry waited for Lucie whom he had already sent message
for. Then, they continued to French to go to Earnest Devarges house. Earnest Devarge was
the owner of the wine shop in Saint Antonio that was miserable district of Paris. There Dr.
Manatte was saved after he had gotten out from the Bastille. Lucie and Lorry met Dr. Manatte
in the second floor. Lucy had fainted when she had seen her father was cobbling shoes.
Finally they induced

3. Rising Conflict
Five years later, Dr. Manatte, Lucie and Lorry were called to French to witness the aftermath
of a crime committed by two noblemen. The man of defendant was Darnay, and Dr. Manatte
also attempted to report the incident to the royal court. When the witness couldnt identify
Darnay clearly because of his likeness to Sydney Cartoon, so Darnay was acquitted.
Darnay and Cartoon enamored to Lucy. Then both of them said to Lucy and her father about
their feeling, and the lucky man was Darnay. Lucie and Darnay were married. After they got
married, Dr. Manatte floured up from his illness because he worried that Lucie would divide
her attention. Lorry knew about that condition, recently he called Lucie and her husband to go
 back to her fathers house. Finally, Lucie could rescue her father that her love for Charles
Darnay wouldnt alter her love to her father.

B. Middle

1. Complication
In French 1789 people started to revolt, storming the Bastille, burning Chateaux, and
murdering or imprisoning the member of former regime. With the French revolution in full
fury and after eleven years of happy married and the births of Darnay daughter, Darnay
remembered his family in French and he decided to return to his native country. Without
telling to his wife he left to French. There he immediately seized and jailed as an enemy of
the state.
Lucie, Dr. Manete and her daughter arrived in Paris soon, they hoped to assist Darnay
if they can. When darnays trial finally came up Dr. Manatte could score his acquittal.

2. Suspense
Lucie was very pretty woman. Everyone who had met her would interest with her.
And the reader question is who can conquer her heart?

c. Climax
Unexpectedly, Darnay was rearrested in the someday because of madam Defarge, a
leading revolutions that went to exterminate the entire Evrymondes family for personal
reason. Finally, Darnay was tried, gotten punishment and sentenced to death by Tribunal.
This condition made Dr. Mannate relapsed from his old demented.

d. End
Sydney Carton has known Lucie and her family condition from Lorry, so he
immediately arrived at Paris and learned of Darnay new trial and impending exception.
Carton told to lorry to have carriage prepared an hour before the execution. Then he
entered to Darnay cell through spy and informer. He dragged Darnay and changed places.
And under Mr. Lorry protection, Darnay, his wife, his child, Dr. Manatte successfully
escaped from French while Carton when to guillotine, he sacrifices himself for pure love
for Lucie Darnay, and for renewing the condition of cruelty state toward society to a
wealthy nation and society.

CHAPTER II
CHARACTER ANALYSIS OF A TALE OF TWO CITIES

A. PROTAGONIST
1. Dr. Alexander Manette
He was Lucies father, a prisoner for nearly eight years in the bastille because he has
witnessed the aftermath of a crime committed by two noblemen, the Evrymondes, and has
attempted to report the incident to the court. He gradually recovers from his imprisonment
 with the aid of his daughter and later tries to pay back by rescuing her husband, Charles
Darnay from the guillotine. It seems that Dr. Manatte has been made a folk hero from French
revolution.
2. Lucie Manatte
She was pretty, blonde young woman who has a compassionate nature and power to
inspire a great love and loyalty in others. Lucie only learns of her father existence at
seventeen. When she summoned to rescue him with Mr. Lorry, then she get married Charles
Darnay. Finally, when her beloved husband seized and wanted to be executed to guillotine,
she together with her father and Mr. Lorry tried to assist Darnay from the prison.
3. Jarvis Lorry
He has paratactic role. He takes Lucie as an infant in England, rescues her father from
French and aids to escape of his friend French revolution. He was a bachelor and an elderly
man of business. He still has a great natural affection. He always befriends the Manettes
whom he performs many valuable services.
4. Sidney Carton
He is Darnays double and alter ego, a frustrated alcoholic. He analyses cases for the
lawyer who makes fortune picking in his brains. The only noble part of his live is his caste
love for Lucie. We tend to assume that a mature man would havent forgotten about Lucie
when she married Darnay and would have found someone else, but Carton insists on loving
Lucie till has sacrifices himself to save his friend to the guillotine because of the devotion to
Lucie. He is the culture- hero who ritually slaughtered of his own free, so the society might
renew it, a prospect of his envision before he dies.
5. Charles Darnay
He is French nobleman in England. He rejects his father and everything the
Evrymonde stand for, moves to England and Anglicizes his mothers name and Renounces
his family inheritance. He earns living as a tutor and court and marries Lucie Manette. He is
put on trial a number of times because he is considered as en enemy of the state motivated
by family honor and desire to expiate his family crime. He keeps being imprisoned from
which he must be rescued.
6. Ernest
He was a Dr. Manette as a boy and he seems to have filial reverence for him during
the revolution. As a revolutionary leader Defarge generally follows his wife, but he wants to
spare the doctor and Lucie and her daughter.

B. ANTAGONIST
1. Marquis ST Evrymonde
He is Darnays wicked uncle, a predatory aristocrat who is murdered by revolutionist.
He is the cause of Madam Defarges family tragedy and of doctor Manates long
imprisonment. His concept honor consists of getting what you want regardless of the
consequences. But he has no influence at court and viciously frustrated.
2. Madam Defarge
 She is the wife of Ernest Defarge, a fierce, vindictive woman. Because her entire
family perished when she was young girl, Madam Defarge wants revenge not merely on the
family that caused the evil but on the entire class from which it comes. What makes her such
a threatening figure is her stubborn patience, which bides its time until it can strike. In this
she is like such natural force and when the opportunity arrives, she is ferocious an
unrelenting.
Her secret management of Darnays re-arrested is cunning, but it shows immense
cruelty as well. In seeking to avenge her family she acquired some the trait of the man who
did that wrong. Her knitting represents both her patience and her urge to retaliate since the
knits the names of her intended victims.
3. Monseigneur the marquis
He is a greedy, mercenary France aristocrat whose goods and property are confiscated
during the revolution.

C. Mayor Character
1. Dr. Alexander Manette
2. Lucie Manatte
3. Jarvis Lorry
4. Sidney Carton
5. Charles Darnay
6. Ernest Defarge
7. Madam Defarge
8. Marquis ST Evrymonde

D. Minor Character
1. Jacques one, two, three, and four
They are secret society of revolutionaries who plan and precipitate the French
Revolution.
2. Jeremy (Jerry) Cruncher
He was the porter at Telson and Jarvis Lorrys errand-man, a rough, surely, comic
figure who is secretly a body-snatcher.
3. Mrs. Cruncher
Shes Jerrys wife, a pious woman who is frequently beaten by her husband for
praying.
4. Young Jerry Cruncher
He was the son of Jerry Cruncher
5. Roger Cly
He is a police spy in English who also informs against Darnay and who becomes a
prison in revolutionary France.
6. John Barsad
Hes a police spy in England who also informs against Darnay and who becomes a prison
spy in revolutionary France.
7. Gabelle
He is the steward of Everemondes and a local tax collector who is imprisoned and released
during the revolution.
8. Gaspard
He is the assassin of Marquist St. Everemonde after the marquis run his child down
 9. Young Lucy Darnay
She is the child of Lucy and Charles Darnay
10. Foulond
He is an arrogant aristocrat who is hanged after the storming of the Bastille.
11. A Seamstress
She is a pathetic pas young woman who was sentenced to be executrd with Darnay.
12. Road-Mender
He is a man initiated into the revolutionary movement by the Defarges.

CHAPTER III
THE SETTING ANALYSIS OF A TALE OF TWO CITIES

A Tale of two cities was set predominantly in London and Paris, the two major of the
world both at the time of French revolution, it started in late of November 1775.

The Detailing of The Setting Can be seen in The Following Statement.

A. The Setting of Time
1. Dec. 1775 Dr. Manette sent the St. Evrymonde crime and is imprisoned.
2. Dec. 1776 Dr. Manette wrote his manuscript in prison and hid it.
3. Dec. 1775 released, Manette was taken an insane condition to England.
4. April 1780 Darnays trial
5. Aug. 1780 Sunday in Soho
6. Aug. 1780 Darnay seen his uncle, uncle was slain
7. Aug. 1781 Darnay, Strayver and Canton make their avowals to Lucie
8. Aug. 1781 Darnay married Lucie Manette, her fathers relapsed
9. Aug. 1781 Carton visited Darnay
10. Aug. 1783 Young Lucie Born
11. July 1789 storming of the Bastille, Revolution began
12. July 1789 Burning of the Evrymonde chateaux
13. Aug. 1792 Darnay went to revolutionary French, and was imprisoned
14. Sep. 1792 Dr. Manette and Lucie arrive in Paris, and Manette save Darnay from
slaughter by the Mob
15. Dec. 1793. Lucie seen carmagnole. Darnays trial actuated. Darnay rearrested.
Darnays trial condemned. Carton changed places with Darnay; Darnay escaped.

B. The Setting of Place

1. Mr. Lorry, an agent of Tellsons Bank was sent by his firm a confidential mission to
Paris, his object was to find the find Dr. Alexander Manette.
2. When the coach reached the inn Dover (England) later in the morning, Mr. Lorry asked a
servant : will there be a boat to Calais (French)
3. At Paris Lucie Lorry went to Defarges wine shop and discovered the Dr. Manette in a
dreadful state.
4. Lorry and Lucie and Dr. Manette were called as witness in a trial at Old Bailey
5. The people revolted storming the Bastille, burning chateau
6. Darnay and Carton went to Dr. Manettes house to tell their feeling
7. There immediately seized and jailed in the prisoner
8. Charles Darnay was tried, convicted and sentenced to death by Tribunal.
9. Carton went to Guillotine.

CHAPTER IV
 THEME ANALYSIS OF A TALE OF TWO CITIES

A. SUPPORTING THEME
1. Love Sacrifice
From the first story we had known that how dipper Lucies love to her father. Because
of she wanted to meet to her father, she had to make journey with Lorry, someone whom he
had known more before. She fainted when she was watching to her farther was cobbling the
shoes.
Because of love, both Darnay and Carton always had to go and back between London
and Paris. And Carton had to go to guillotine to prove his pure love to Lucie Darnay.

2. Recall to Live
Lorry and Lucie made journey to French to take Dr. Alexander Manatte up. After he
had been buried in the prison for about eighteen years and he became mad and prematurely
aged. They wanted to store to sanity and health. When Dr. Manatte flared up from his illness,
Lucie, Darnay and Lorry always used give their attention to make him health like before.
Dr. Manette, Lucie, Lorry, Darnay always tried to hrlp Darnay until he could escape
from the prison.

3. The Aristocracy oppression toward a walking class

We know that the noblemen and aristocracy in France behave whatever they please
without considering the rights and suffering of human being under their authority. As if they
were god, so that their judgments and rules must be obeyed by the people, otherwise the
people will be imprisoned or even be sentenced to death. Here, in the novel A Tale of Two
Cities the noblemen and aristocracy mean the Evrymondes that are represented by Marquis
ST.Evrymonde, Monseignour the Marquis, Foulon, etc.

4. Duality
We know that tale of two cities was set predominantly in both London and French.
Both of them are very different in socially and psychologically. The middle class idyll in
London is a retreat from the class war face and people might be easily robbed by the villain.
While in French shows the far distinction between the poor and aristocracy lives. People
could be punished or even be sentenced to death for not bowing the rules of aristocracy.

B. MAIN THEME
We can take a conclusion from the supporting theme above that the main theme of
Tale of Two Cities is The Resurrection of Poor and Peasant People against the Cruelty
and Oppression of Aristocracy.

CHAPTER V
VALUES IN A TALE OF TWO CITIES

In this research, the researchers find some values. In this are philosophical, ethical and
religious values since Charles Dickens explicit social ideas in this novel are rudimentary.
They amount to no more than this: the French Revolution was inevitable because the
aristocracy exploited and plundered the poor until they were driven to revolt. Thus,
oppression on a large scale results in anarchy. Anarchy in turn produces a police state. One
of the Dickens strongest convictions was that the English people might erupt at any moment
into a mass of bloody revolutionist. It is clear now that he was mistaken, but the idea was
firmly planted in his mind, as well as in the minds of his contemporaries. A Tale of Two
Cities was partly an attempt to show his readers the dangers of a possible revolution. This
was not the first time a simple and incorrect conviction became the occasion for a serious
and powerful work of art.
This doesnt mean that Dickens fears of revolution in England were unfounded. In
the 1830s and 1840s the dissatisfaction of industrial workers reached alarming national
proportion with the Chartist movement and the unemployed were always a threat. But
Chartism had lost much of its force by the 1850s owing to an increase in general prosperity.
However, Dickens felt the roots of rebellion remained untouched. Almost all of Europe was
caught up in violent revolutionary activity during the first half of the nineteenth century, and
it was natural for middle class Englishmen to fear the widespread rebellion might take place
at home. Dickens knew what poverty was like how common it was. He realized how
inadequate philanthropic institution were, confronted by the enormous misery of the slums.
It is not surprising that Dickens turned to the French Revolution to dramatize the possibility
of class uprising. Few events in history offered such a concentration of terrors.
If the terror of the Revolution take a political form, the hope that Dickens holds out in
this novel has distinct religious qualities. In a very basic way, A Tale of Two Cities is a fable
about resurrection. And the central figure of the fable is Sydney Cartoon, who reenacts
figuratively the expiatory death of Christ. However, Dickens puts the Christian doctrine of
salvation on a secular basis, leading not to another- worldly heaven but to the survival of
Cartoons friends and to the regeneration of society. These matters will be taken up more
fully later on. At this point, it is sufficient to note that in this book Dickens drew on a hope
that is perennial that is in fact necessary to the life of the spirit. Resurrection is one of the
great abiding themes of Western literature.

Brief synopsis of a Tale of Two Cities

The year is 1775, and its a time of social ills plague both France and England. Jerry
Cruncher, an odd-job-man who works for Tellsons Bank, stops the Dover mail-coach with
an urgent message for Jarvis Lorry. The message instructs Lorry to wait at Dover for a young
woman, and Lorry responds with the cryptic words, Recalled to Life. At Dover, Lorry is
met by Lucie Manette, a young orphan whose father, a once-eminent doctor whom she
supposed dead, has been discovered in France. Lorry escort Lucie to Paris, where they meet
Defarge, a former servant of Doctor Manette, who has kept Manette safe in garret. Driven
mad by eighteen years in the Bastille, Manette spends all of his time making shoes, a hobby
he learned while in prison. Lorry assures Lucie that her love and devotion can recall her
father to life, and indeed they do.
The year is now 1780. Charles Darnay stands accused of treason against the English
crown. A bombastic lawyer named Stryver pleads Darnays case, but it not until his drunk,
good-for-nothing colleague, Sydney Carton, assist him that the court acquits Darnay. Carton
clinches his argument by pointing out that he himself bears an uncanny resemblance to the
defendant, which undermines the the prosecutions case for unmistakably identifying Darnay
as the spy the authorities spotted. Lucie and Dr. Manette watched the court proceedings, and
that night, Carton escort Darnay to tavern and asks how it feels to receive the sympathy of a
woman like Lucie. Carton despises and resent Darnay because he reminds him of all that he
himself has given up and might have been.
In France, the cruel Marquis Evrymonde runs down a plebian child with are carriage.
Manifesting an attitude typical of the aristocracy in regard to the poor at that time, the
Marquis shows no regret, but instead curses the peasantry and hurries home to his chateau,
where he awaits the arrival of his nephew, Darnay, from England. Arriving later that night,
Darnay curses his uncle and the French aristocracy for its abominable treatment of the
people. He renounces his identify as an Evrymonde and announces his intention to return in
England. That night, the Marquis is murdered: the murderer has left a note signed with the
nickname adopted by French revolutionaries: Jacques.
A year passes, and Darnay asks Manette for permission to marry Lucie. He says that,
if Lucie accepts, he will reveal his true identity to Manette. Carton, meanwhile, also pledges
his love to Lucie, admitting that, though this life is worthless, she has helped him dream of a
better, more valuable existence. On the streets of London, Jerry Cruncher gets swept up in
the funeral procession for a spy named Roger Cly. Later that night, he demonstrates his
talents as a Resurrection-Man, sneaking into the cemetery to steal and sell Clys body. In
Paris, meanwhile, another English spy known as John Barsad drops into defarges wine-
shop. Barsad hopes turn up evidence concerning the mounting revolution, which is still in its
covert stages.
Madame Defarge sits in the shop knitting a secret registry of those whom the revolution
seeks to execute. Back in London, Darnay on the morning of his wedding, keeps his
promise to Manette; he reveals his true identity and, that night, Manette relapses into his
old prison habit of making shoes. After nine days, Manette regains his presence of mind,
and soon joins the newlyweds on their honeymoon. Upon Darnays return, Carton pays him
a visit and asks for his friendship. Darnay assures Carton that he is always welcomed in
their home.
The year is now 1789. The peasants in Paris storm the Bastille and the French
Revolution begins. The revolutionaries murder aristocrats in the strees, and Gabelle, a man
changed with the maintenance of the Evrymonde estate is imprisoned. Three years later, he
writes to Darnay, asking to be rescued. Despite the threat of great danger to his person,
Darnay depart immediately for France.
As soon as Darnay arrives in Paris, the French revolutionaries arrest him as an
emigrant. Lucie and Manette make their ways to Paris in hopes of saving him. Darnay
remains in prison for a year and three months before receiving a trial. In order to help him
free, Manette uses his considerable influence with the revolutionaries, who sympathize with
him for having served time in the Bastille. Darnay receives an acquittal, but that same night
he is arrested again. The charges, this time come from Defarge and his vengeful wife. Carton
arrives in Paris with a plan to rescue Darnay and obtains the help of John Barsad, who turn
out to be Solomom Pross, the long-lost brother of Miss Pross, Lucies loyal servant.
At Darnays trial, Defarge produces a letter that he discovered in Manettes old jail
cell in the Bastille. The letter explains the cause of Manettes imprisonment. Many years
ago, the brothers Evrymonde (Darnays Father and uncle) enlisted Manettes medical
assistance. They asked him to tend to a woman, whom one of the brothers had raped, and her
brother, whom the same brother had stabbed fatally. Fearing that Manette might report their
misdeeds, the evremondes had him arrested. Upon hearing this story, the jury condemns
Darnay for the crimes of his ancestors and sentences him to die within twenty-four hours.
That night, at the Defarges wine-shop, Carton overhears Madame Defarge plotting to have
Lucie and her daughter (also Darnays daughter) executed as well, Madame Defarge, it turn
out, is the surviving sibling of the man and woman killed by the Evremondes. Carton
arranges for Manettes immediate departure from France. He then visits Darnay in prison,
tricks him into changing clothes with him, and, after dictating a letter of explanation, drugs
his friend unconscious. Barsad carries Darnay, now disguised as Carton, to an awaiting
coach, while Carto, disguised as Darnay, awaits execution.
As Darnay, Lucie, their child, and Dr. Manette speed away from Paris, Madame
Defarge arrives at Lucies apartment, hoping to arrest her. There she finds the supremely
protective Miss pross. A scuffle ensues, and Madame Defarge dies by the bullet of her own
gun. Sydney Carton meets his death at the guillotine for the better society and for the pure
love to Lucie.

CRITICAL JUDGMENT
The greatest single fault of this novel is that it is too much skeleton and too little flesh,
that is too schematically executed. Dickens achieves a spare, hard, stuctured unity in A Tale
of Two Cities, but he has surrendered a richness of characrerization, a complexity, and an
exuberant prose. This is a stark novel for Dickens, the melodrama shows through more
noticeably. However, there is real imaginative power behind it, and a power that seems almost
prophetic.
Dickens celebrates the renewal of society under the most terrible circumstances, a
rebirth founded on Christian, middle-class values. This novel presents a vision of the world
that is worth holding on to. In these bedeviled decades, when revolutionary activity occurs on
whole continents, where stavation and its opposite, privilege, are normal in most of the
world, A Tale of Two Cities seems modern indeed. The ending we must not forget, persumes
the survival of the middle class character, but now the survival itsef seems like an affirmative.