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PRESENT SIMPLE

Se emplea para acciones habituales (cotidianas).

AFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE QESTION

I am Spanish.
I am not Spanish. Am I Spanish?
He/She/It is Spanish.
He/ isn't Spanish. Is he/ Italian?
We/You/They are
We/ aren't Spanish. Are we/ French?
Spanish

I have got blue eyes. I haven't got blue eyes. Have I got blue eyes?
He/ has got blue eyes. He/ hasn't got blue eyes. Has he/ got blue eyes?
We/ have got blue eyes. We/ haven't got blue eyes. Have we/ got blue eyes?

I don't work in the Do I work in the


I work in the afternoon.
afternoon. afternoon?
He/ works in the
He/ doesn't work in the Does He/ work in the
afternoon.
afternoon. afternoon?
We/ work in the
We/ don't work in the Do We/ work in the
afternoon.
afternoon. afternoon?

I am Spanish / Soy de Espaa


I have got blue eyes / Tengo los ojos azules.
I work in the afternoon / Trabajo por la tarde.

PRESENT CONTINUOUS

Se emplean para acciones que se estn realizando en ese momento.

AFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE QESTION

I am having lunch I'm not having lunch. Am I having lunch?


He/ is eating an apple. He/ isn't eating an apple. Is he/ eating an apple?
We/ are playing tennis. We/ aren't playing tennis. Are we/ playing tennis?

IMPORTANTE: no se usan los verbos de razonamiento:

Like (gustar) Know (saber)


Understand (comprender) Realize (darse cuenta(realizar)
Think (si es de creer) Hear (oir)
See (ver) Remember (recordar)
Forget (olvidar) Remind (recordar)

PAST SIMPLE

De ayer para atrs > Hechos concretos

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AFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE QESTION

I/He/She/It was here. I/ wasn't here. Was I/ here?


We/You/They were here. We/ weren't here. Were we/ here?

I/ lived in London I/ didn't live in London. Did I/ live in London.

* I was here > Yo estuve/estaba aqu.

* I lived in London > Viv/viva en London.

PAST SIMPLE

AFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE QESTION

I/He/She/It was sleeping.


I/ wasn't sleeping. Was I/ sleeping?
We/You/They were
We/ weren't sleeping. Were we/ sleeping?
sleeping.
* Yo estaba/estuve durmiendo.

BE GOING TO

Es una intencin.

AFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE QESTION

I'm going to call Joe.


I'm not going to call Joe.
He/She/It is going to call Am I going to call Joe?
He/ isn't going to call Joe.
Joe. Is he/ going to call Joe?
We/ aren't going to call
We/You/They are going Are we/ going to call Joe?
Joe.
to call Joe.

* Voy a llamar a Joe.

CAN/ CAN'T

Es una habilidad, y pide permiso cuando es interrogativa.

AFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE QESTION

I/ can swim. I/ can't swim. I/ can swim?

* Puedo nadar.

MUST / MUSTN'T (OBLIGATION AND PROHIBITION) DEBER

AFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE QESTION

I/ must do that I/ mustn't do that. Must I/ do that?

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SIMPLE FUTURE (algo futuro)

AFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE QESTION

I/ will see you I/ won't see you. Will I/ see you?

* Te ver.

PRESENT PERFECT (he parado, he comido...)

AFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE QESTION

He/She/It has stoped.


He/ hasn't stopped. Has I/ stopped?
I/We/You/They have
I/ haven't stopped. Have we/ stopped?
stopped.

Algo reciente pero acabado.


Cosas que no indican cundo.
CONECTORES: alredy, always, never, ever (?)> delante del verbo principal.

Yet> final de la frase (negativainterrogativa)

PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS

AFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE QESTION

He/She/It has been


working. He/ hasn't been working. Has I/ been working?
I/We/You/They have I/ haven't been working. Have we/ been working?
been working.

* He estado trabajando.

PAST PERFECT (es anterior a otra interior)

Ej: cuando iba para casa ya haba terminado el trabajo.

AFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE QESTION

I/ had gone I/ hadn't gone Had I/ gone?

PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS (es anterior a otra interior)

AFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE QESTION

I/ had been reading I/ hadn't been reading Had I/ been reading?

EL ADVERBIO

Suele estar al lado del verbo. Hay de modo, tiempo

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LOS ADVERBIOS DE FRECUENCIA

Van normalmente delante de los verbos principales y detrs del verbo to be.

Se utilizan para hablar sobre la periocidad con la cual hacemos las cosas.

LOS ADVERBIOS DE MANERA:

Describe cmo hacemos alguna cosa o cmo pasa alguna cosa.


Para formar un adverbio, normalmente se le aade el sufijo ly al adjetivo:

Quiet Quietly> silenciosamente

Polite Politely> educadamente

Careful Carefully> cuidadosamente

A veces la ortografa cambia:

Easy Easily> Fcilmente

Terrible Terribly> Terriblemente

Automatic Automatically> Automaticamente

Algunos adverbios son irregulares:

Good Well> bien

Fast Fast> rpido

Hard Hard> dificilmente

Early Early> temprano

Late Late> tarde

Lately Lately> ultimamente

Recently Recently> recientemente

No todas las palabras que acaban en ly son adverbios:

Lovely > Encantador

Friendly > Simptico

Lonely > Solitario

Likely > Probable

Los adverbios de manera van normalmente detrs del verbo o al final de la frase.

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EL ADJETIVO

Va delante del sustantivo. Habla de cmo es algo.

No se pueden utilizar para el presente continuos.

VERBOS DE SENTIMIENTO

Like: gustar

Love: querer

Hate: odiar

Want: querer (material)

Prefer: preferir

VERBOS DE PENSAMIENTO

Believe: creer

Remember: recordar

Think: pensar (opinin)

Understand: entender

Know: saber

Mean: significar

VERBOS DE LOS SENTIDOS

Hear: or

See: ver

Sound: sonido

Smell: oler (si el sujeto es una persona se puede emplear)

Appear: aparecer

Seem: parecer

OTROS VERBOS

Belong to: pertenecer

Need: necesidad

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Depend on: depender

Matter: importar

Own: poseer

Have: tener

PREPOSICIONES DE TIEMPO

PREPOSICIONES DE LUGAR

In (en; entre paredes) He's in the bedroom.

Inside (interior) Wait for me inside the station.

Outside (exterior) Our cat often sits outside your house.

In front of (delante) There's a big van in front of the house.

Opposite (en frente de) The supermarket apposite the church.

Behind (detrs) He's hiding behind the fence.

Above (por encima sin movimiento) He's got poster above his desk.

Over (por encima, con movimiento) He's got poster over his desk.

Under (por debajo) The cupboard is under the stairs.

Below (por debajo con ms distancia).

At (en; en ningn lugar concreto; al aire libre) She lives at number 10.

On (encima de, sobre una superficie) It's on the table.

Between (entre dos cosas) Our house is between a school and a past office.

Among/amongst (entre ms de dos cosas).

Beside (al lado)/ No confundir con besides (adems)

PREPOSICIONES DE MOVIMIENTO

To (a, hacia) She's gone to the stop.

Towards (en direccin a) He's walking toward me.

Away from (lejos de) He's walking away from me.

Along (a lo largo de) He walked along the road.

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Into (hacia dentro) He walked into de room.

Out of (hacia fuera) He went out of hospital.

Trough (a travs/atravesando) He walked trough the crowd.

Across (de un extremo a otro) They ran across the park.

Around/ Round (alrededor) They went around the lake.

Past (pasar de largo) Walk past the stop, then turn left.

Near (cerca).

Over (por encima del).

IN

Se usa cuando se habla de objetos o personas que estn dentro de otros objetos o lugares. La traduccin al
espaol es en, dentro de.

EJEMPLOS:

Jack lives in Spain.


Paul lives in Green Street.
The cupboard is in the room, on the left.
Is there any milk in the fridge?

ON

Se usa cuando hablamos de un objeto que est sobre la superficie de otro. La preposicin equivale en espaol
sobre.

EJEMPLOS:

It was crowded on the plane/bus/train.


Our house is on this side of the street.
Kate's flat is on the fifth floor.
Kate put her pizza on a small table and her dog ate it.

AT

Se usa para indicar la ubicacin de algo y referirse a lugares a los que se llega. La preposicin equivale a en o
a.

EJEMPLOS:

We arrived at London Airport.

OTROS USOS: at the front, at the back, at the end; at home, at work, at school, at the table.

TO

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Se usa con verbos de movimiento. La preposicin equivalente en espaol es a.

Nunca se usa to con home.


Nunca se usa to con here o there.

EJEMPLOS:

I went to the cinema last nigth.


Are you coming to the party.
David brough his dos to school.
Tina took her sister to the cinema.

INTO

Se usa para expresar el desplazamiento desde un lugar al interior de un sitio cerrado. La expresin equivalente
en espaol es hacia dentro (de) o al interior (de), pero muchas veces en espaol esta indicacin va expresada
directamente en el verbo.

EJEMPLOS:

Tom ran into the room and sat down> Tom corri al interior/ entr corriendo en la habitacin y se
sent.
The children climbed into the car.
I went into de shop.

DE LA PGINA 5

SHAPE> Formas
DESIGN> Diseo
RATHER TAN> En ver de
THE HIGH STREET SHOP> Zona de tiendas
ALONE> Solo/solamente
OWN> Propio
TO BE CONCERNED> Estar preocupado
WORTH> Por el valor de/TO BE: No vale la pena
TO ISSUE> Dar una noticia
WEAREABLE> Llevable
PRESSURE> Presin, obligacin
GOODS> Producto
SHOKING, OUTRAGEUS> Extravagante
OUTFIT> Modelo (ropa)
THE LATEST> La ltima
UP TO DATE> Estar al da
SHOW> Desfile
MEDIA> Medios de comunicacin
AIM> Tener la intencin
FOCUSES> Concentrarse
EXTRAVAGANT CLOTHES> Ropa llamativa, extravagante.

DESCRIBING PEOPLE (PG.8)

CARCTER:

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CLEVER> Listo
HARDWORKING> Trabajador
PAIN> Sencillo
SENSITIVE> Sensible
RELIABLE> Alguien de fiar
SELFISH> Egosta
FRIENDLY> Simptico
CHEERFUL> Alegre
MEAN> varo (tacao), mezquino
SENSIBLE> Sensato
STUBBORN> Tozudo

FSICO:

BROADSHOULDERED> Corpulento (espalda ancha)


WELLBUILT> Robusto
BLUEEYED> Ojos azules
ATTRACTIVE> Atractivo
SLIM> Delgado
BALD> Calvo
MEDIUM HEIGHT> Mediano

DELANTE DE ADJETIVO

QUITE> Silenciosamente, tranquilamente


RATHER> Bastante (negativo)
VERY> Muy
SLIGHTLY> Ligeramente
A LITTLE BIT> Un poco

VARIADO

SHE'S RIGHT> Tiene razn


SHE'S WRONG> No tiene razn
ON EARTH> Demonios, puetas
OPEN AIR MARKET> Mercadillo
STALLS> Puestos
WATER MELONS> Sanda
SCALES> Bscula
GREEN BEANS> Judas
CANVASES> Toldos
CARRYNG SHOPINGS BAGS> Llevar bolsas de la compra
TO GET ON WELL> Llevarse bien
I PASS ON THE WEATHER> Paso del tiempo
SAVED UP> Ahorrar
EVER> Primera vez en la vida
PLEASED> Feliz, contento
STUFF> Cosas
FIELDS> Campo
VIBE> Ambiente
BRIDGE> Puente
WOOD> Bosque

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DESK> Escritorio
CUPBOARD> Armario
CORNER> Esquina
NEIGHBOURS> Vecino
TROUBLE> Molestia/Problema

DE LA PGINA 19

ABOVE ALL> Sobre todo


TO ARRIVE IN> Llegar
TO GET ON WITH> Llevarse bien con
To be + USED TO + Gerundio (ing)> Estar acostumbrado
TO COME ACROSS> Encontrarse de golpe
To get + USED + Gerundio (ing)> Acostumbrarse
IN FACT> De hecho
SHARING> Compartir
BE ABBLE> Poder
USED TO + Infinitivo> Sola
TO DEPEND ON> Depender de
WHETER> S (condicional)
IN TURN> A su vez

English UNIT 1 AND 2

Laura Gonzlez Barro

TIEMPOS VERBALES

EL ADVERBIO Y EL ADJETIVO

LOS VERBOS PROGRESIVOS

PREPOSITIONS

MESES> in July

AOS> in 2007

PARTES DEL DIA> in the evening

ESTACIONES> in the spring

IN

ON

DAS> on Friday

FECHAS> on 24th June

AT

10
HORAS DEL DA> at 2 o'clock at midnight

OTROS:

At the weekend

At the night

At the Cristmas

At Easter

REMARCAS DE LOS VERBOS DE POSICIN Y LUGAR

VOCABULARY

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