N0.

4
2011

INTERNATIONAL MAGAZINE ON DISTRICT HEATING AND COOLING

security
of supply

DBDH - direct access to

district heating technology
www.dbdh.dk
CONTENTS
FOCUS : security of supply
HOT|COOL is published
four times a year by:
3 The column
DBDH
4 Green solutions create economic growth Sthr Johansens Vej 38
DK-2000 Frederiksberg
7 New district heating customers Phone +45 3818 5440
means new tariff concept Fax +45 3818 5444
dbdh@dbdh.dk
10 New district heating concept: www.dbdh.dk
Use the return water for supply in new areas / networks
Editor-in-Chief: Lars Gullev, VEKS
12 Design of systems with supply security
Coordinating Editor:
14 Waste and security of supply Kathrine Windahl, DBDH

18 Security of supply in arctic perspective On the cover:

Steel pipes, Longyearbyen, Svalbard.
22 Young students choose district heating Photo: COWI

24 LATEST NEWS Total circulation:

7,000 copies in
27 DBDH WELCOMES NEW MEMBER: ISOPLUS 50 countries

28 MEMBER COMPANY PROFILE: BRUNATA ISSN 0904 9681

Layout:
30 LIST OF MEMBERS DBDH /galla-form.dk

31 District humor Pre-press and printing:

Kailow Graphic A/S

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E N E R G Y A N D E N V I R O N M E N T

Thecolumn
By Mr. Jens Overgaard, Head of Rambolls District Heating Department, and Board Member of DBDH
In our part of the world many things have been taken for
granted for many years. Food, clothes, jobs, transportation,
social security, education. The list is long.
Energy is available to most of us, as much as we want whenever
we want it. We expect the power generators to supply us with
electrical power 24 hours a day, 7 days a week so that we can
plug in any device and be sure it will work. Petrol, gasoline or
diesel for our cars is there when we need it and we can heat
our homes and workplaces when it is cold outside or cool them
when it is too hot. Our industry may face a number of challenges
but to find the energy needed for industrial processes does not
seem to be one of them.
There is just one problem: most of the energy production is
based on fossil fuels and we are spending the stores of our
planet at a rate which is far from sustainable. What has been
taken for granted is likely to become inadequate and unreliable
and very expensive, unless we face the inevitable and act
accordingly.
District heating has for many years been one of the most
obvious answers to the ever returning question of "What can
we do about it?" Our demand for heat alone is responsible for
up to 40 % or more of the total energy consumption in many
industrialised countries. To produce heat, to distribute it and
to use it in the most efficient way is the first significant step
towards a sustainable energy supply. The various concepts of
co-generation of heat and electrical power have seen a fast
growing interest over the last 20 to 30 years because it is the
most direct route to a dramatic increase in energy efficiency.
Only more recently has it become clear that in order to utilise
the heat from the co-generation process, a system to distribute
the heat has to be established.
Denmark is often referred to as a country that has been serious
about heat recovery and district heating. All countries and all
cities are different and the way we have organised ourselves
in Denmark cannot be copied in other parts of Europe or the
rest of the world without considering the local conditions.
Instead we would like our friends and partners outside Denmark
to get inspired by the way our district heating utilities, the
manufacturers and suppliers of pipes and components and the
specialist consultants have developed a number of integrated
and highly sophisticated energy systems.
J O U R N A L N 0 . 4 / 2 0 1 1
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3
The basic benefits offered by district heating are simple. Heat
can be transported from a central production plant through
a pipe system to the buildings connected to the network. The
customers buy the heat from the district heating supplier
and they leave it to the supplier to purchase the required fuel,
to produce the heat for the system, to negotiate contracts
with external heat suppliers and to sell electricity from any
co-generation process, to handle any environmental problems
and to operate and maintain the system. If fuel prices or the
availability of a fuel or heat source change, the supplier will be
responsible that action is taken.
There is one key word that runs through all this:
security of supply.
When we turn the switch on, we expect the electrical power
to be there. When we drive up at the filling station or garage
to fill the tank of our car, we expect the petrol or gasoline to
be available and when we turn up the thermostat in our sitting
room, we expect the heating device to respond.
With district heating all the conditions for an efficient and
reliable supply of heat could be fulfilled but it takes a dedicated
and professional approach to make sure that we have the
security of supply that we are looking for. It all begins with
the planning and design of the production facilities and the
network. Without an experienced team of planners and design
engineers the odds are against us from the beginning and we
never come back on track. Then the constructor and suppliers
of equipment must be chosen. Again experience and a high
standard of components and work procedures can make a huge
difference, not only during construction but in the following
years of operation. A scheduled maintenance, tailored to fit the
precise demand of the system, is crucial to security of supply.
This issue of Hot|Cool is dedicated to the theme of "Security of
Supply". Hopefully, you will find inspiration in the articles written
by some of the many experts, who on a regular basis contribute
to the magazine.
www.dbdh.dk
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By Frank Jensen , Lord Mayor of Copenhagen
Green solutions create
economic growth
For years it has been thought that environmentally friendly
developments would limit economic growth. However, quite the
reverse turns out to be true when you look at the experiences
from Copenhagen. A thriving green sector can create more
jobs and increase exports.
Sustainability is no longer a choice for most societies. Cities
in particular play an important role in securing sustainable
development. More than half of the worlds population lives in
cities, and in fact, cities are responsible for most of the worlds
GDP and for about 75 percent of CO2 emissions.
That is why Copenhagen has taken action and set forth a
long line of green solutions on the challenges of a modern
city. Through strategic urban planning and a history of
environmental ambitions Copenhagen has created swarms of
cyclists, a high share of renewable energy, world class systems
of district heating, clean water in the harbor and integrated
public transportation. Furthermore, Copenhagen has set the
goal to become the worlds first carbon neutral city in 2025.
Copenhagen aims to reduce carbon dioxide emissions by 20
percent by 2015 and be carbon neutral by 2025 by increasing
the use of renewable energies.
The district heating system covers 98 percent of Copenhagen and has
helped reduce the CO2 emissions by 20 percent.
A key challenge is to create a city that can sustain both
economic and sustainable growth. In Copenhagen we do
both. We will continue to develop a city where people enjoy
living because it is clean and healthy and offers attractive
surroundings for our families, young and old.
In our bid to introduce more sustainable solutions into our city,
Copenhagen has looked for smart and effective solutions in
other cities. We hope that in return, many cities can be inspired
be the lessons we have learned.
Green sector growth
Already, the positive effects of the green solutions are
beginning to show. From 2004 to 2009 the growth rate
of the Copenhagen green sector increased by 55 percent
contributing with 50 billion DKK in 2009 alone, according to a
new study by the research based consultancy DAMVAD. The
green sector also experiences an explosive growth in exports
of 12 percent in annual growth rates.
Besides positive effects on the environment and the green
industry, green solutions also bring a long line of documented
economic and social benefits for the city as a whole, the
study concludes. Investing in cycling lanes not only cuts CO2
emissions, it also improves the health and quality of the life
of the citizens. Cleaning the water in the harbor not only
improves the environment, it also improves real estate value,
local business life and tourism. Investing in integrated public
transportation systems not only reduces traffic congestions,
it saves billion of dollars and keeps the city efficient and
competitive.
50 percent of the people working and living in Copenhagen
use their bike with a total avoided cost of an estimated $43
million and in just 9 years the prices of apartments close to
the new public harbor bath has increased by 57 percent while
apartments in the same area of town but further from the
harbor only increased by 12 percent.
E N E R G Y A N D E N V I R O N M E N T
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P
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Green solutions creates economic growth

District heating system Green technology in Copenhagen

A good example of a successful green solution is the district 200
heating system in Copenhagen. It is among the worlds largest 180
and most successful district heating systems, and it is the 160

reason why Copenhagen for the past 10 years has reduced 140

the CO2 emissions by 20 percent. It supplies 98 percent 120

of the city with reliable and affordable heating. The district 100

heating system simply captures waste heat from electricity 80

Exports
production and channels it back through pipes into peoples 60
Turnover
homes. The use of waste heat reduces the citys reliance on 40

fossil fuels. District heating is one of the most carbon efficient 20

0
ways to produce and supply energy locally, and by integrating 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
renewable fuels such as biomass to replace fossil fuels in the
system, further emission reductions have been achieved. From 2004 to 2009 the growth rate of the Copenhagen green sector
increased by 55 percent contributing with 50 billion DKK in 2009 alone. It
also experiences an explosive growth in exports of 12 percent in annual
Another good example is the development of a district cooling growth rates.
system. The increased demand for air conditioning and cooling
has led to higher electricity consumption in Copenhagen and
many other cities. District cooling is a system where chilled
water is produced partly by cold water from the sea and For further information please contact:
distributed via insulated pipelines underground to cool
CITY OF COPENHAGEN
commercial and industrial buildings in central Copenhagen.
Finance Administration Phone: +45 3366 2295
The district cooling system provides environmental benefits: City Hall rih@okf.kk.dk
CO2 reductions are cut by 70 percent compared to traditional DK-1599 Kbenhavn V
cooling methods.

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E N E R G Y A N D E N V I R O N M E N T
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By Mr. Lars Gullev, Managing Director, VEKS

New district heating customers

means new tariff concept
VEKS is a district heating (DH) transmission company
supplying DH to 19 local DH companies in the western part
of Copenhagen. As part of the Danish climate and energy
policy, which i.a. focuses on reducing the dependence of
fossil fuel, the aim is to convert individually supplied natural
gas customers to DH customers. Due to various reasons, a
number of the local DH companies within the supply area of
VEKS have wished not to take on this task, which made VEKS
board of directors decide that VEKS should undertake the
task in the beginning focusing on customers bigger than 300
m2. The new DH customers will thus typically be companies,
housing associations and institutions such as schools and
kindergartens.
The future conditions of agreement in VEKS Distribution
Problem consist of four elements:
Traditionally, DH tariffs in Denmark are constructed as a two-
way tariff with a fixed and a variable payment. The fixed payment 1. Introduction of price differentiation between VEKS
is typically related to the space or volume of the building, Transmission and VEKS Distribution.
whereas the variable is related to the supplied amount of 2. Price guarantee to the converted customers so that
energy or water. To natural gas customers, however, the tariff the DH price does not exceed 90 % of the customers
is rather different in principle the tariff is 100 % variable expenses for natural gas heating the year before.
which means that settlement takes places by consumption 3. No requirement about connection payment to VEKS
solely. Distribution.
4. Moving the supply limit so that VEKS Distribution pays
So in order to motivate existing natural gas customers to and owns heat exchangers and pays for removing the
convert to DH, it is imperative to offer and guarantee a DH natural gas boilers.
price lower than the present costs of using natural gas.
VEKS Distribution tariff for the new customers is made of:
It has therefore been necessary to develop a DH tariff that
can make conversion from natural gas to DH attractive to the Payment 1: VEKS Transmissions general tariff by heat supply
potential customers i.e. a 100 % variable DH tariff. (paid by all distribution companies that have heat supplied
from VEKS)
VEKS Transmission and VEKS Distribution
VEKS existing customers are the distribution companies. Payment 2: Pump expenses, heat loss, administration and
Thus, today VEKS is a transmission company solely. The new maintenance (only costs regarding VEKS Distribution in
customers in the converted areas will consist of i.a. housing converted area).
companies and large enterprises. In these areas VEKS will
therefore also be a distribution company. So VEKS will have Payment 3: Depreciation allowance and return of fixed asset
one area where it is transmission company and one area where investment in the concrete converter area.
it is both a transmission and distribution company. In order
to be able to distinguish between the two areas, the original Costs covered by Payment 1, 2 and 3 will be covered in an order
supply area is called VEKS Transmission and the new area VEKS of priority so that the expenses for Payment 1 and 2 will be
Distribution. However, this is only a linguistic distinction, as covered first. If after that, as a consequence of the price
legally it is just one company. guarantee (see later), there is not enough income to cover the
years expected Payment 3, a regulation will take place of the
New tariff model depreciations within the framework of the depreciation act
The idea behind the new tariff model is for the existing natural which allows a maximum of 30 years.
gas customer to be able to see a financial gain by converting
to DH.

J O U R N A L N 0 . 4 / 2 0 1 1 www.dbdh.dk
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New district heating customers means new tariff concept
For the first concrete project that forms the basis of the
new tariff and regards conversion of natural gas customers
with an annual heating need of 140 TJ, a depreciation period
is calculated for the fixed assets investments in VEKS
Distribution for 18 years.
If this condition is realized, VEKS Transmission will not contribute
financially to the fixed asset investments in VEKS Distribution.
If the preconditions are not realized within a write-off period
of 30 years, VEKS has been given the permission by the Danish
Energy Regulatory Authority (DERA) to let VEKS Transmission
contribute to the remaining depreciation allowance since the
expansion is beneficial to all VEKS customers.
As for now the tariff will be used in areas with an expected
annual heat sale of 1,000 TJ.
DERAS assessment of the tariff model
DERA has assessed the model compared to the present Heat
Supply Act focusing on:
1 Price differentiation
2. Price guarantee
3. Connection payment
4. Change of supply border
Price differentiation
The Heat Supply Act opens up to the possibility of a DH
company being capable of laying down different prices for
individual consumers, groups of consumers and geographical
areas provided that this differentiation takes place in an
objective and non-discriminating way. Since the costs that are
part of the price differentiations Payment 2 and 3 (see above)
only regard the customers embraced by the differentiation, it
must be considered objective and non-discriminating.
Price guarantee
The price guarantee means that the sum of the three elements
in the price differentiation (Payment 1, 2 and 3) never exceed
90 % of the customers expenses for natural gas heating the
previous year.
In the calculation of the costs for firing with natural gas all
Inside the Pearl
costs regarding the use are included, i.e. the total fuel price,
annual efficiency of boiler plant, payment of interest and
write-offs as well as operation and maintenance costs of the
consumers system.
VEKS calculations show that the total construction costs
most probably will be written off over 18 years. The costs
will thus be written off before the expiration of the private
agreements about price guarantee with a currency of 20 years.
The construction costs for VEKS Distribution as a consequence
of the conversion project can be imposed by VEKS on all
customers. However, VEKS has included them in the calculation
of price differentiation, so that VEKS Distribution pays for
these costs. In addition, the customers contribute to the
payment of VEKS other construction costs through Payment
1. VEKS Transmission thus has more people paying the fixed
costs at the expansion.
DERA therefore estimates that it cannot be considered
unreasonable that a risk is imposed on VEKS Transmission to
contribute to the payment of fixed assets in VEKS Distribution
if the price on natural gas decreases.
A higher natural gas price will mean that VEKS can write off
the investments faster than expected. When the construction
costs for the converted customers have been written off,
VEKS cannot continue to charge a DH price as if the plant
was to be written off further, unless new investments offer a
basis for this. The DH price will therefore be lowered when the
construction costs have been written off.
Connection payment
No connection payment is charged in VEKS Distribution.
Instead the costs are kept down as part of fixed assets in
VEKS Distribution (Payment 2).
Regarding payment of connection (investment payment and
service pipe payment) it is practice of DERA not to regard it
unjust if a DH company for a limited period offers connection
while being paid for a reduced connection payment or offering
free connection. The reason for this is that connection of new
consumers is beneficial to all consumers.
Change of supply border
Regarding payment of internal installations VEKS has
suggested to move the supply borders in the converted area
to the secondary side of the heat exchangers. In an earlier
guiding statement DERA found that such a change of supply
border cannot be found unreasonable. The argument is that
the DH companys operation in this way is optimized, and the
opportunities of maintaining the heat exchangers are eased,
the heat exchangers being alike, which benefits all consumers.
The heat exchangers in VEKS Distribution are paid and owned
by VEKS, and VEKS pays for removing the gas boilers. The costs
are included as fixed asset in VEKS Distribution (Payment 2).
Summary
With the new tariff model it has been made possible to create
a tariff which:
Is comprehendible to new customers
Can guarantee the customers that the price of converting
to DH in the next minimum 20 years will be lower than the
alternative price of continuing using natural gas.
Moves the responsibility of establishing and later
maintaining heat exchanger installation from customer to
DH company.
E N E R G Y A N D E N V I R O N M E N T
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Initial indications from the customers show great satisfaction

with the model which ensures that the future annual DH costs
will only make up 90 % of the alternative annual costs by using
natural gas.

For further information please contact:

VEKS
Att.: Mr. Lars Gullev
Roskildevej 175
DK-2620 Albertslund
Phone: +45 4366 0366
lg@vks.dk
Photos: Claus Peuckert Fotografi

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ity
securpply
of su
By district heating specialists Sren K. Christensen and Peter Kaarup Olsen, COWI
New district heating concept:
Use the return water for supply in new areas / networks
The focus on energy efficiency keeps increasing in many
countries. The district energy (DE) sector is pointed out as
one of the main components in this sphere. Therefore it is
important that the district energy industry comes up with new
and optimised technical solutions.
For COWI, working on numerous DE projects worldwide, the
inspiration to develop new technical solutions for district
heating (DH) is very often gained outside Denmark. Specific
technical challenges or technical demands for a DE company
can lead to new technical designs.
One of the outcomes resulting from inspiration obtained
outside Denmark within the DH sector is the so called "3-pipe
connection shunt arrangement".
Typical house connected to the low temperature network.
A heating station and heat consumers in general are typically
connected to a supply pipe and a return pipe, but in case of the
"3-pipe connection shunt arrangement" a heating station has
an extra connection to the return pipe in the main network.
The arrangement makes it possible to utilise up to 100% of
the return water. When the return water temperature is not
sufficient for the "low-temperature network", a portion of hot
water from the supply pipe can be added into the mixing loop.
In this case the low-temperature network is supplied by water
mixed from the supply pipe and the return pipe of the main DH
network.
The "3-pipe connection shunt arrangement" can be installed in
an existing DH network at a location having a sufficient flow in
the return pipe. The "3-pipe connection shunt arrangement"
should be equipped with a 3-way valve for regulating the ratio
between the return water and the supply water from the main
network and booster pump.
Pilot project
The "3-pipe connection shunt arrangement" is right now being
tested in an area with 75 existing single-family houses in Hje
Taastrup town in Denmark. The "3-pipe connection shunt
arrangement" is installed in a central heating station, which
supplies the neighbourhood with the 75 houses. The existing
DH network for the neighbourhood had a relatively high
heat loss and has been replaced by a new pipe network. The
objective for the DH company in Hje Taastrup implementing
the "3-pipe shunt arrangement" is to reduce the return water
temperature and hereby to reduce the network heat losses.
Supply and return in the mixing shunt for the low temperature area.
The innovative solution
The pilot project is also innovative in another way. The new
pipe network is the first full scale demonstration of a low-
temperature system to existing buildings in Denmark. First
of all, this involves a network design, where the circuit
temperature of water supplied to the consumers is only
50C/122 F without loss of comfort. Secondly, the network is
designed with twin pipes having small service pipes and a high
insulation class. Even though the DH temperatures are lower,
it is possible to have smaller service pipes because of a higher
pressure in the new system.
It is important to mention that each house has got installed
a new DH unit, which is designed for the low-temperature
concept. The unit has an instantaneous heat exchanger and no
storage of domestic hot water, so there is no risk of fostering
bacteria such as Legionella.
Increase the network capacity
The main advantage for a DH company using the return
water from other areas in the network is that it can get new
customers/areas connected without increasing capacity in
the existing network. In other words, the DH network coverage
can be increased, because more consumers can be connected
without additional investment in pipes etc.
E N E R G Y A N D E N V I R O N M E N T
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The additional important advantage is that the lower DH

For further information please contact:
temperature leads to a reduced heat loss in the network. In
general, by using the low-temperature concept the network COWI
Att. Sren K. Christensen Phone: +45 5640 0000
heat loss can be reduced by up to 75 % compared to a
Parallelvej 2 Fax: +45 5640 9999
traditionally designed DH network. Additionally, the utilisation
DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby skc@cowi.dk
of the return water will also reduce heat loss in the main
network. The lower heat loss will reduce the operation costs,
and the DH company will be able to deliver cheaper heat to
the customers. This can attract more customers, because it
will make DH even more competitive compared to other heat
supply technologies.

Other advantages
The reduced heat loss in the network is important for ensuring
a high energy efficiency of DH, but it also has environmental TVIS Multicity
benefits, e.g. reduction of CO2-emissions.
District Heating
With the lower DH temperatures in the network the higher 55,000 homes in Vejle, Fredericia,
efficiency can be achieved of renewable energy technologies, Middelfart and Kolding Munici-
e.g. solar heating, geothermal energy and biomass energy. palities are served with surplus
heat through the regional heat
transmission network of TVIS.
District heating supply temperatures

Steam 300C/572 F
Traditional water based 120C/248 F
Modern water based 80C/176 F
Low temperature water based 50C/122 F

Finally, it must be emphasized that a low-temperature DH Vejle Copenhagen

Fredericia
system and the concept applying return water from the main Middelfart
Kolding
network would result in good economy for the DH companies.
A low-temperature system is not more expensive, but is even
cheaper to build than a standard DH system. The "3-pipe
connection shunt arrangement" requires only an extra pipe
Vejle
and a mixing shunt installation either placed in a building or in
a cabinet in the ground. It is a very cheap way to increase the
DH network capacity.

The new district heating system in Hje Taastrup

Buildings 75 detached one-storey houses Fredericia

Built in 1997-98
Floor heating

Low-temperature Supply: 52-55 C / 126-131 F

district heating Return: 25-30 C / 77-86 F
Middelfart
network Pipe length = 2750 m
Kolding
Twin pipes:
- Alupex 20-20 mm, series 3
- Steel DN20 - DN 65, series 2
Estimated heat loss: 10-15%

Main district heating Supply: Approx. 80C/176 F

network Return: Approx. 50C/122 F

J O U R N A L N 0 . 4 / 2 0 1 1 www.dbdh.dk
Annonce til tvis nov 2009 60x200 med Danmarkskort.indd 1 05-01-2010 11:59:00
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By Mr. Peter Sonne, Project Manager, Grontmij

ity
securpply
of su Design of systems with
supply security
District heating (DH) is a unique system to distribute heat from How are these rules followed in the realisation of the DH
all available sources. No doubt about that! People that are systems?
familiar with other heat sources, like individual boilers based
on oil or natural gas, always question the system in relation The pipe network is not involved with a requirement for reserve
to security in supply. This issue often leads to long talks and capacity. In some areas loop connections are installed as a
explanations. supply security. The supply of heat to the customers is secured
by installation of peak and reserve load boilers throughout the
Due to the fact that the customers in a DH system have no DH system. In this way the heat supply is assured in case of
alternative heat sources, in case the DH system should fail, it pipe failure.
has only been natural to assure the customers of the right and
obligation of the DH company to supply heat continuously and
that the DH company will do its outmost to assure that.

The answer to the customers is therefore easy: there is always

heat and pressure in the pipes. The question internally in the
DH organisation is, however, more complicated. On one hand is
the requirement of low heat tariffs. In this respect the heat
compared with other heat sources must be competitive and
preferably lower. On the other hand we know that equipment can
fail, and it does - normally at the most inconvenient moments,
like the coldest winter days. Such situations demand available
reserves in terms of additional boiler capacity, reserve pumps,
etc. So the discussion is what types, and to what extend should
there be reserve and spare capacity in the system. Equipment
and installations which are additional to the basic components
must be included as part of the entire system. The key issue
is how to minimise the cost for installations that are only for
reserve, spare and stand-by.

In order to define the criteria for the necessary reserve

equipment and installations in the projects that we as
consultants are involved in, we have set up some simple
guidelines. These are of course for the DH companies to
evaluate, discuss and agree upon. The rules are:
1. Only one event of failure happens at the same time. If two
substantial failures should occur at the same time, it is
defined as force majeure.
2. Reserve capacity is designed only to substitute about 70%
of the failed capacity.
Extensive studies on the subject of necessary heat supply were
based on data from the southern Scandinavian climate. The
result may be valid in all climates? As one defined design criteria,
the heat capacity of 100% assures an indoor temperature of
22C. A former study revealed that 70 % supply capacity would
reduce the indoor temperature in houses to about 17C, which
is a temperature where people would overcome the period
with an extra sweater, until the breach in heat supply was
recovered.
Heat exchangers for heat accumulation from Kozani in Greece.
The most essential is the overall heat supply to the system.
The strategy for peak and reserve load boilers should be
planned with the objective of 100 % peak capacity in the
normal coldest situation and with 70 % reserve capacity in all
situations. These two criteria may correspond to each other
with the same boilers. The location of peak and reserve load
boilers is important. The boilers should not be installed close
to the main heat source but be located strategically out in the
DH system. In this way the heat supply to the customers may
be protected against a break in the pipe system.
In the boiler plants it is mainly boilers and pumps which are
in focus for the risk of breakdown. In large stations, with only
heat exchangers for an entire region, the same rules may apply.

E N E R G Y A N D E N V I R O N M E N T

The principle is that more than one boiler, pump or heat
exchanger should be available and ready for operation. In case
there is only two of the kind (boiler, pump heat exchanger),
each of these should have a minimum capacity of 70 % of
the maximum load. In case the plant consists of more than
two similar components, if there is a failure in one of the
components, the capacity of the remaining components should
have a total capacity of 7 0% or more.
Gallery of pumps seen in Kalundborg district heating system in Denmark.
World-class climate friendly heating
CTR Metropolitan Copenhagen Heating Transmission Company
Staehr Johansens Vej 38 DK - 2000 Frederiksberg
Phone +45 3818 5777 . Fax +45 3818 5799 ctr@ctr.dk www.ctr.dk
J O U R N A L N 0 . 4 / 2 0 1 1
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In case of pump systems, these criteria could be used to
benefit lower investment cost and better operation efficiency,
like one pump for 100 % capacity and another for 70 %. The
smaller pump could operate most of the year resulting in a
total higher system efficiency.
In terms of heat exchangers the same idea could apply. One
example could be: With four heat exchangers in a system,
which together define 100 % capacity, one could fail and there
would still be 75 % reserve capacity.
With a well maintained and modern DH system, experience has
taught that there is no need for a large number of reserve
installations. A well defined strategy for the supply security
as the basis but also followed by high daily awareness to the
maintenance in order to keep the equipment in shape, will
result in the overall lowest operation cost.
For further information please contact:
Grontmij
Att.: Peter Sonne Phone: +45 4348 6431
Granskoven 8 pms@gmcb.dk
DK-2600 Glostrup
www.dbdh.dk
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ity
securpply By Mr. Per Wulff, Technical and Energy Manager, Vestforbrnding
of su
Waste and security of supply
Introduction
Vestforbrnding is working targeted to expand the district
heating (DH) supply in the North Zealand region in cooperation
with Vestforbrndings owner municipalities.
The starting point is a comprehensive climate strategy which
the main purpose:
to actively contribute to strategic energy planning in all
stakeholder municipalities that can benefit from common
steam.
to reduce Denmark's dependence on fossil fuels.
to reduce CO2 emissions in a socio-economically beneficial
manner
to ensure low prices for waste management and district
heating.
to ensure use of energy that is otherwise wasted thus
reducing the total energy (primary energy).
The toolbox contains a number of standard procedures that
can be used for execution of projects in each municipality:
Analysis of development areas and individual customers.
Preparation of project proposals in accordance with the
Heat Supply Act.
Sales organization.
Project organization for the implementation of concrete
projects.
Thus Vestforbrnding collects experience and knowledge
to perform the task together with the municipalities. The
last 30 years of experience in the waste area show that the
municipalities jointly with Vestforbrnding form a powerful
entity in establishing reliable and economically attractive
schemes.
Vestforbrnding is one of the two major waste incinerators. Based on a
waste volume of 520,000 tonnes Vestforbrnding produces 270,000 MWh
of electricity and approx. 1,100,000 MWh of district heating annually.
Vestforbrnding
Vestforbrnding is one of the two major waste incinerators
that were planned and built in Copenhagen in the sixties.
Vestforbrnding is owned by 19 municipalities in the
Copenhagen area. The company came into operation on 28
October 1970, and has produced DH from the beginning,
Since that day the waste volume has increased, the incineration
capacity has been expanded, and production and marketing of
DH have been extended considerably.
Today Vestforbrnding has a technical capacity and
environmental approval to treat 600,000 tonnes of waste
per year. Based on a waste volume of 520,000 tonnes
Vestforbrnding produces 270,000 MWh of electricity
and approx. 1,100,000 MWh of district heating annually,
corresponding to the supply of the heat demand of 60,000
households.
In 2012 Vestforbrnding expects to purchase approx. half
of its DH to customers connected to Vestforbrndings
own network, and the other half to the central transmission
system in the Copenhagen area (CTR and VEKS). Thus all the
energy produced is exploited.
Waste as an energy source
When the 1973 war broke out between Israel and several Arab
countries, it was the first time that we came across the term
energy crisis - a crisis which within a single year quadrupled
the price of oil, and meant ban on private car use on Sundays
and limited street lighting.
It suddenly became clear that society can get stuck if there
is limited or no access to energy. Therefore it is important
to ensure such access, in other words, to ensure security of
supply. This is especially essential in times of turmoil in the
Middle East, rising oil prices and increased natural gas imports
from Russia.
It is Vestforbrndings experience that waste-based DH in
several ways helps maintain this supply.
Waste has several advantages in terms of being a stable
source of energy:
It is a domestic energy source.
Waste must be disposed of anyway.
Historically, there has been an ever increasing amount of
waste for incineration.
Waste incineration does not contribute to CO2 at the same
level as fossil fuels.
E N E R G Y A N D E N V I R O N M E N T
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The amount of waste for incineration has historically grown in

Denmark.

It is Vestforbrndings opinion that although there are plans

for further initiatives in recycling, there will still be a reasonable
amount of waste for incineration.

Furthermore it is essential that DH produced from incineration

leads to a lower CO2 impact than most other fuels as the
biodegradable fraction of waste is CO2 neutral. This part is
approximately 80% of the waste.

However, the incineration of waste has a CO2 contribution

coming from:
Content of plastics etc.
Use of fossil fuel during starting and stopping of the plant.
Heat produced at peak load plants (oil / gas).

The result is that the DH supplied from Vestforbrnding has

an impact on the environment of 60 kg CO2/MWh.

For comparison, the CO2 impact of alternative heating

methods is listed below:

Individual gas heating (non-condensing boiler): 258 kg CO2/MWh

Individual gas heating (condensing boiler): 217 kg CO2/MWh In connection with the realization of the district heating plans
Vestforbrnding expects to lay down 86 km of district heating pipes
Individual oil heating (non-condensing boiler): 323 kg CO2/MWh
Individual electric heating: 619 kg CO2/MWh
Vestforbrndings plans for district heating
Given the benefits associated with waste based district heating
Cooperation between Vestforbrnding
and Vestforbrndings experience in implementing joint
and municipalities
projects, Vestforbrnding has launched a comprehensive DH
Vestforbrnding has gained experience within the waste
plan. The plan is elaborated in cooperation with municipalities
area, which shows that the municipalities jointly with
around Vestforbrnding
Vestforbrnding form a powerful entity in establishing reliable
and economically attractive schemes.
The issue is mainly to convert larger residential and commercial
customers from oil and natural gas combustion to DH.
In 2009, The Danish Minister for Climate and Energy encouraged
all municipalities to convert from individual natural gas to
Analysis has shown that such a conversion is socio-economically
district heating. The Minister argued that a shift nationwide
feasible, which is a precondition for local authorities to
would reduce heat consumption, equivalent to 100,000
approve the heat supply projects. Furthermore, the projects
household.
are also corporate-economically feasible, which makes the
implementation of the projects an economic benefit for both
To ensure economically attractive solutions it will often be
Vestforbrndings waste customers and the upcoming DH
necessary to secure coherent systems across municipal
customers.
boundaries, and there will always be synergies by sharing
lessons learned.
The first phase of the DH projects have been grouped under
the name "District Heating Plan 2010" which describes the
Vestforbrnding seeks to implement cooperation within the
development of DH systems in the municipalities of Ballerup,
energy sector based on many years of experience in operations
Herlev and Gladsaxe municipalities.
and development of district heating systems.

J O U R N A L N 0 . 4 / 2 0 1 1 www.dbdh.dk
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Waste and security of supply

District Heating Plan 2010 was launched in 2006 and is This may, if necessary, mean that it is relevant to
expected to close during 2012. The main figures of District Vestforbrnding to engage in biomass-based CHP plant alone
Heating Plan 2010 can be summarized as follows: or together with the involved municipalities and companies. This
would secure the necessary expertise for both construction
Investments 570 million DKK
and operation while the interaction between waste incineration
Total sales 280,000 MWh/y
and other renewable energy sources would be enhanced.
CO2 saving 20,000 tons /y
Number of major customers 380 Flexible heating
District heating pipes 36 km The DH extension outlined above will eventually require energy
Market share 85% levels exceeding Vestforbrndings production, which means
that energy from incineration has to be supplemented with
It has been decided to proceed with the second phase of other climate-friendly energy sources in the total, future
Vestforbrndings DH plans. This includes opportunities system.
to expand the DH supply further in the above mentioned
municipalities, and to provide DH for Lyngby-Trbk and A logical starting point could be the combustion of the
Fures municipalities. quantities of biomass that is already available in the municipal
waste treatment system in the form of combustible bulky
In overall terms the second phase can be described as follows: waste and roots and other biomass items that are not

Investments 800 million DKK currently included in steady recycling schemes.

Total sales 350,000 MWh /y

All calculations indicate that an effective use of available
CO2 saving 25,000 tons /y
energy resources goes through the continued expansion of the
Number of major customers 450
collective, water-based transmission systems. This allows the
District heating pipes 50 km
linking of a series of environmentally friendly energy sources in
a unified network with a number of vendors.
It will also explore whether it would be attractive to
consider supply of the municipalities of Gribskov, Hillerd and The following technologies will be able to find a foothold in a
Frederikssund in connection with a joint project involving the coherent overall DH system:
construction of a biomass-based cogeneration (CHP) plant in
the North Zealand area to replace existing natural gas based Biomass-based CHP
cogeneration (CHP). Geothermal energy
Solar energy (heat panels)
The possible extension of the total DH system is shown in Fig. 1 Utilization of surplus electricity
Heat storage
Fig. 1: District Heating Plan Phase 2 Accumulator
Pipe accumulation in soil
District heating area
Storage in ponds
Transmission line exist
Transmission line new
Conclusion
Vestforbrnding sees great potential in the future to ensure
energy production and reduce CO2 emissions associated
with space heating, in coordination of biomass-based CHP,
geothermal energy, utilization of excess electricity from wind,
etc. in conjunction with DH based on incineration.

Coordination is primarily based on the use of energy in DH

systems, but another interesting option is to use the heat
produced in the district cooling projects.

Vestforbrnding will, in cooperation with municipalities,

influence legislation in order to support opportunities for
optimal development of energy supply and consumption.

E N E R G Y A N D E N V I R O N M E N T
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This will include:

Dialogue with the Ministry of Taxation in relation to new

legislation on taxes.
Influence the development DH and cooling through DBDH
For further information please contact:
and the Danish District Heating Association.
Dialogue with the Ministry of Energy and Housing Ministry Vestforbrnding
Att.: Per Wulff Phone: +45 4485 7000
for improved interaction between supply and consumption.
Ejbymosevej 219 Fax: +45 4485 7001
Dialogue with the Ministry of Energy for simplifying and
DK-2600 Glostrup pw@vestfor.dk
reducing the inconveniences associated with the laws
regulating the district heating.
Cooperation between public and
private actors on energy projects
through GATE 21.

In the early eighties the shortage and

increasing prices of energy meant
that the major transmission system
for DH in the Copenhagen area was
developed.

The current shortage and the need to

switch to fossil-free fuels provide an
opportunity to further develop and
enlarge the transmission network
in the metropolitan area. This can
lead to further energy conservation,
security of supply and CO2 reduction.

Vestforbrnding sees this as a task

which naturally can be solved jointly
by the municipalities and energy
companies.

securing energy
FOr the Future
There is a global demand for adequate and reliable
energy sources. District heating delivers energy efficiency,
fuel flexibility and security of supply. For over 40 years
Ramboll have offered our clients security in their
district heating projects.

www.Ramboll.com/RE

120 x 200mm_ There is a global....indd 2 11/30/2011 5:00:36 PM

J O U R N A L N 0 . 4 / 2 0 1 1 www.dbdh.dk
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By Mr. Thomas stergaard, Chief Project and Market Manager, COWI
of su
ity
securpply Security of supply
in arctic perspective
What is security of supply to the residents in Longyearbyen in the Svalbards?
In 2009 the Norwegian governor of the Svalbards initiated a
risk analysis for the archipelago. The final edition of the risk and
vulnerability analysis was issued on 31 December 2009 and the
preface says: "Historically the Svalbard society has frequently
felt the strain from accidents and serious incidents. With our
geographical position and the extreme climatic conditions
that often apply in the Svalbards the consequence of a failure
in critical infrastructure or a personal misjudgement is often
worse here than for similar incidents on the mainland."
If you have been to the Svalbards, you will understand why
failure in the infrastructure can have severe consequences.
The Svalbards are not only isolated, positioned as they are
in the Arctic Ocean only 1,340 km from the North Pole, but
the climate and the environment are also extremely harsh.
Temperatures as low as -35OC and blasts of wind up to 33
m/second give you an impression of the need for a safe heat
supply. If you add other conditions such as risk of earthquakes
(the latest serious earthquake was in 2008 - 6.2 Richter), the
request for the risk analysis is understandable.
About Longyearbyen
Longyearbyen is named after the American engineer John M.
Longyear, who founded the town in 1906. Longyear found rich
deposits of coal on the islands and this started an industrial
adventure with mining in deep pits. The mining operations
are still today the major source of income, among them the
operations in the large Svea Mine where considerable amounts
of coal are broken. However, the Svalbards provide many other
adventures and these attract more and more tourists. Dog
sled travelling, snow mobile excursions, blue glaciers and
the magnificent, wild nature give the visitor unforgettable
impressions.
The transmission network
The transmission network was established in 1981. At the same
time the Longyear Energiverk power plant was erected. The
power plant can supply up to 16 MW heat to the approximate
2,000 residents of the town which may seem much compared
to Danish conditions. But as mentioned before - the conditions
are very extreme and therefore almost all systems have one-
to-one backup. The power plant is of course coal-fired and is
the only coal-fired power plant in Norway, by the way.
The network was designed by the Danish power company
Elkraft and because of large differences in heights and
strict requirements to the security of supply the network
was constructed as a real transmission network. This implies
among other things that the network has been pressure
tested to 25 bar, and at the exchanger units separate boiler
houses have been constructed, which can supply the secondary
side in emergencies.
E N E R G Y A N D E N V I R O N M E N T

Energiverket, Longyearbyen
The network was originally constructed for "inverted
operation", i.e. supply through one of the exchanger units.
However, this has never been tested and most of the closing
valves have not been used for years. Therefore it is important
to establish the necessary certainty that the supply to the city
can be maintained before starting any renovation.
J O U R N A L N 0 . 4 / 2 0 1 1
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And the arctic climate is very harsh. The permafrost makes
the network foundation move and give because of the varying
soil conditions. It is a well-known condition that pile foundation
in the arctic normally has an estimated lifetime of 25-30
years. As the network is now 30 years old, an evaluation of the
foundation is part of the assessment of the security of supply.
Security of supply is of great importance
Longyearbyen is developing rapidly these years. Tourism is
booming and a new university has been established with
approximately 350 students. This means that some buildings
today cannot be supplied through the transmission network
if the power plant suffers a breakdown. Furthermore, a
breakdown does not only mean a loss of the district heating
production. Also the power production will stop, which is just
as important as the heating. Therefore diesel generators are
placed around Longyearbyen so that the power production can
be maintained despite a breakdown on the power plant.
The future work
Based on the governor's (in Norwegian: the Sysselmannen)
risk analysis COWI has recently prepared and submitted a
renovation plan for the transmission network (on 31 October
2011). The report is now under consideration by the Bydrift KF,
the authority in charge of the technical plants in Longyearbyen.
www.dbdh.dk
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Security of supply in arctic perspective

The short arctic summer must be exploited when the actual

work is to be executed. The work requires thorough preparation
as all equipment is to be transported from the mainland.
The first part of the network is expected to be renovated in
relation to a revision of the power plant turbine which is shut
down and sent to Germany every 5 years. The first part of the
work will expectedly be carried out in the summer of 2012.

Local boilerhouse and substation

COWI foresees large opportunities in connection with the job

in the Svalbards. Partly because the assignment is extremely
interesting, and partly because the very idea of renovating a
real transmission network, although in a smaller scale than the
known transmission networks in Denmark, is a challenge. The
job for Bydrift KF in Longyearbyen is in a certain way a step
stone towards similar assignments in Denmark, where security
of supply is also high on the agenda.

For further information please contact:

Cowi
Att.: Thomas stergaard
Jens Chr. Skovs Vej 9
DK-8000 Aarhus C
Longyearbyen a long way from everything
Phone: +45 8793 6660
Fax: +45 8793 6660
TAO@cowi.dk

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E N E R G Y A N D E N V I R O N M E N T
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By Lone Vlcker, Editor, The Danish District Heating Association
Young students choose
district heating
District heating is high on the list when young engineering
students are choosing subjects for their project reports. At
the Engineering College of Aarhus, 11 young students worked
with district heating in some form in their project, and the
future engineers are very interested in the opportunities of
that area.
Low temperature district heating
What should district heating do when the supply of low-energy
building means that the heat loss in the pipe network takes up
an increasing amount of the produced energy?
This is the challenge that Mette Thordal Nrgaard and Mads
Kallestrup Petersen are working with. They are civil engineer
students at the 7th semester and together they are working
on a bachelor project focusing on low-temperature supply for
new low-energy building.
They explain that their point of origin is that it is necessary
to find new solutions for district heating if it should continue
to be competitive when the houses use less and less energy
and the heat loss in the district heating network therefore is
growing percentage-wise.
In the project Mette and Mads look at a partitioning with
100 one-family houses in low-energy class 2015 and examine
3 different scenarios which are compared, focusing on user-
economy, socio-economy and environmental impact.
Scenario 1 corresponds to classic low-temperature district
heating, the flow temperature being about 55C.
In Scenario 2, which is the new solution, a method is examined
where a flow temperature in the district heating network
is maintained at 30-40C, after which the temperature is
increased to hot utility water at the individual consumer by
means of a booster heat pump.
Scenario 3 is a solution where only individual geothermal
pumps are used.
In addition to examining Scenario 1 and 2, which include
connection to an existing district heating network, also the
possibility is examined for supply from a collective heat pump
system, possibly supplied by a solar plant.
As a conclusion of the project Mette and Mads are preparing a
summary where the scenarios are compared on various points.
The aim is that the report can be used by specialists when
they have to assess which solutions are relevant for future
partitioning.
Building their own heat pump
Some place elsewhere at the college, a group of five mechanical
engineer students are waiting for post from China. Dan Nielsen,
Morten Bang, Niels Frank, Anders Torp and Kenneth Dring
are working on a heat pump for supply of low-energy houses.
According to their project the group must design a heat
pump for production of hot utility water; cf. Mads and Mettes
Scenario 2. The project consists of calculating the heat pump,
building it and testing its qualities, and then comparing the
measurement results with the calculations. Later they will see
how well theory and practice fit. But some of the components
for the heat pump have been ordered in China, and they have
not been delivered yet, which they have to be in order to keep
with the time schedule.
E N E R G Y A N D E N V I R O N M E N T

Four months have been allocated for the 4th semester project,
and there is much to be done, even though the heat pump
cannot be finished. However, what can be seen as a challenge
is not a problem for the young students who use contacts in
the business world to gather the necessary information. One
of the reasons why the group chose this project is that they
want to work with someone from the outside. At the same
time they emphasize the fact that the project has perspective,
because it is something that can be used in the future. The
group is happy that it was possible to cooperate with Mette
and Mads who have given them information that could be used
directly.
We are sitting with the machine technical part of their solution
models and gradually we are getting to something that we can
return. It is very nice being able to exchange knowledge in this
way.
Micro-CHP for village
Tariq Ali Ahmed and Rozbeh Ebrahimi, who attend their 11th
semester, have chosen to write their thesis about an area
within district heating. Concretely, they are working with a
project where a village will be supplied with energy from a mini-
CHP plant.
At the moment an oil boiler supplies heat to the villages district
heating system. That solution is not optimal, and therefore
Tariq and Rozbeh are examining various alternatives by using
micro-CHP. They are working with two different scenarios:
one where the production takes place centrally, and one that
operates with 3-4 stations in the village.
Tariq and Rozbeh explain that often static data is used in this
type of calculations, but they do not think that is sufficient
for the task they intend to solve. Therefore they have chosen
to use a dynamic model with real weather data in order to get
as close to the real-life district heating system as possible,
which constantly changes as the demand fluctuates and the
weather changes.
In the dynamic model a pipe distance is split in smaller parts,
and here the finite difference method is used for simulating
realistic data for heat loss.
J O U R N A L N 0 . 4 / 2 0 1 1
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It is not common practice to use dynamic models at pipe
calculations, and it is an exciting task, according to the two
students who think that micro-CHP can be relevant several
places in the country.
So far, their calculations point to central plants being most
feasible when their village must be supplied. Tariq and Rozbeh
have certainly not regretted that they have chosen to spend
almost half a year working with district heating.
We did not know that much about district heating when we
started. But it is interesting working with something that
means so much to so many in real life.
Dimensioning of branch pipes
Asmat Ziraki works alone on his project which regards
dimensioning of branch pipes. The goal is to reduce the
dimension of the branch pipe because a smaller dimension
results in smaller heat loss. But how low is it possible to go
when the pressure still has to be kept below 6 bar, even though
there is a larger pressure loss at smaller dimensions?
This depends a.o. on how much hot water is needed in the
morning when the strain is high. The earths temperature is
also a factor, and in order to get as close to real life as possible
Asmat uses real measuring of the ground temperature in his
calculations.
Asmat chose to work with district heating because it is an
interesting area, and because he wished to try something new.
And the desire to try something else is commom for all the
students when they have to explain why they have chosen
district heating for their projects. The interest has not
lessened on the way, quite opposite, actually, as several of
them express that they would like to work with district heating
in the future.
Photos: Henrik Olsen, Engineering College of Aarhus
For further information please contact:
The Danish District Heating Association
Att.: Lone Vlcker
Merkurvej 7 Phone: +45 7630 8000
DK-6000 Kolding Fax: +045 7552 8962
www.dbdh.dk
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latest news
Visit from Warmtenetwerk
On September 14-15 the Dutch district heating association
Warmtenetwerk visited Denmark in order to learn more about
Danish district heating.
DBDH organised the visits which began Wednesday the 14th in
Lyngby where Cowi was host and provided various presentations
headed by Else Bernsen and Thomas stergaard.
Afterwards, the delegation headed north in order to visit the
CHP plant as well as the wood chip plant by municipal district
heating supply company Forsyning Helsingr. Heat Manager
Steffen Agger and Hans Peter Balle guided the group at
the wood chip plant while at the CHP plant Peter Mller and
Thorbjrn Brekke showed the group the premises.
As they were already at these parts, the group ended by visting
Kronborg where they also had dinner.
The next day, Thursday the 15th, the visitors from
Warmtenetwerk also had an extensive schedule. They began by
visiting the geothermal plant at Amager, the tour being led by
Sren Berg Lorensen and Allan Mller.
After this the group was divided in two. Half of the people
were given a technical introductory and plant tour at waste
incineration plant Amagerforbrnding by Niels Glarborg,
whereas the other half visited the district heating tunnel as
well as the Copenhagen District Cooling Plant. Thomas Grinde
and Niels Glarborg from Copenhagen Energy were in charge
of this.
Succeeding the site tours came a visit to DBDH, Frederiksberg
Forsyning and CTR, all of which share the address Sthr
Johansens Vej at Frederiksberg. Here the group were treated
to presentations by, respectively, Jes B. Christensen, DBDH;
Jan Elleriis, CTR and Martin B. Petersen, ABB.
Danish state visit in Russia
A Danish State Visit to Russia took place from 6-9 September,
2011. Queen Margrethe II and HRH The Prince Consort was
accompanied by HRH Crown Prince Frederik on the visit to
both Moscow and St. Petersburg. A large delegation of Danish
companies in various sectors (Energy, Healthcare, Agriculture,
Food, Tourism and Lifestyl)e followed the State Visit and joined
the Conference "Partners on Modernization"
DBDH was organizing the Smart Energy Sector in close
cooperation with the Danish Embassy in Moscow. The main
ingredient of the Smart Energy Track was the seminar "Smart
Energy - from design and production to distribution and
buildings, performed by 16 companies in the pecha kucha style:
Rambll, Frederiksberg Utilities, Burmeister & Wain Energy,
Aalborg Engineering, Steelcon, Logstor, Grundfos, SPX/
Teplotex, Broen, Danfoss, Kamstrup, H + H, Rockwool, Velux,
Amplex and Nordic Investment Bank. Keynote speeches were
informing the audience on Danish results of combined heat
and power and energy efficiency addressed by Deputy State
Secretary Hans Jrgen Koch, DEA, in Moscow, and Senior Policy
Advisor Anders Hasselager, DEA, in St. Petersburg.
A business breakfast in Moscow for the Smart Energy track
was honored by an opening speech of HRH Crown Prince
Frederik. During this breakfast meeting the Danish delegation
met with the top level of the Russian Energy sector and had
an open discussion with Russian decision makers and opinion
formers on energy issues.
E N E R G Y A N D E N V I R O N M E N T
Your
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P
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latest news

District Heating Sector Visit
to Tyumen & Yekaterinburg
In the week 14-18 November a large delegation of DBDH
member companies visited two very dynamic regions of Russia.
The district heating sector visit began in Tyumen in Western
Siberia and continued to Yekaterinburg in the Urals. The visit
to Yekaterinburg also marked the 20th city visited by the
RussianDanish Team during the last 5 years joint focus on
Russia.
Following words of welcome by Mr. Anders Hasselager, Danish
Energy Agency, the seminar was officially opened by Vice
Governor of Tyumen Mr. Evgenij B. Zabolotnij and Danish Consul
General Klaus Srensen. Mr. Anders Hasselager opened the
line of speeches of the Concept seminar with a presentation
of the Danish energy policy in regards to the CHP sector and
the building sector. DBDH and the participating companies
followed up on this and presented the Danish DH concept with
individual presentations.

Headed by the Danish Consul General, Mr. Klaus Srensen, the

delegation had 8 participating Danish companies from DBDH:
Aalborg Engineering, Broen, Danfoss, Grundfos, Hydro-X,
Kamstrup, Logstor and SPX/Teplotex. The event was also
supported by the Danish Energy Agency, by senior policy advisor
Mr. Anders Hasselager.

More than 150 people registered from the morning on 15

November in Tyumen at the West-Siberian Centre of Oil and
Gas. The city is an important center for oil and gas in Russia,
and has undergone a tremendous development since the
finding of oil in the 60es. It is also one of 5 pilot cities on
Energy Efficiency and Energy Savings in relation to Federal
Law 261, and thus focuses intensively on efficient use of
resources. The Governor Mr. Evgenij Zabolotnij attended the
opening, and personally visited all the Danish companies at the
exhibition with a keen interest to know more about the offered
technologies.
Press and TV covered the event broadly, and many of the Danish
companies were interviewed for television. Throughout the
day Danish technologies were highlighted during the Concept
seminar with focus on how each company contributes with
different technologies to make the district heating system
efficient and well functioning: the Danish example.
Vice Governor E. Zabolotnij greets company Logstor
In parallel with the seminar, the Danish companies had made
an exhibition where b-2-b meetings took place during the
day, and especially during the lunch break, the networking was
intense. The busy day was followed by an evening reception at
the Tyumen Drama Theater. The networking could continue in
beautiful surroundings.
The sector visit also included a round table meeting on 16
November with the Danish companies, FORTUM and the City
Administration.; a conference in Yekaterinburg on 17 November,
equally as important and well-visited as the one in Tyumen, as
well as a round table meeting with the Danish companies which
took place on 18 November at TGK-9 at Ekaterinburg.

E N E R G Y A N D E N V I R O N M E N T

Chairman of DBDH turned sixty
Hans Bjrn, in the middle, at his birthday.
Hans Bjrn, Managing Director of TVIS, and Chairman of DBDH
turned 60 on November 29 and was celebrated with a well-
attended reception. On the occasion of his birthday he was
profiled in newspaper Brsen, which wrote a.o:
Denmark has an internationally recognized and leading position
in CHP, district heating and district cooling technology. One of
the persons who, through a long career, has been contributing
to this position is Hans Bjrn.
He is in his fifth year Director of TVIS, which supplies heat for
80,000 homes in the Triangle area. District heating and the
supply have always been Hans Bjrns big interest throughout
DBDH welcomes new member: Isoplus
For over 30 years the Isoplus group has been developing,
producing and marketing pipe systems for district heating
and district cooling as well as pipes for all types of industrial
plants. The Isoplus group is made up of a number of separate
manufacturing and sales companies throughout Europe, and
employs over 1,000 people.
Every year, the Isoplus group delivers thousands of kilometres
of preinsulated pipes in sizes ranging from DN 20 all the way
up to DN 1200. The product range includes preinsulated pipe
systems for district heating, district cooling and steam, and
pipe systems for industrial use.
At Isoplus much of the energy is focused on innovative product
development to keep pace with market requirements, using
J O U R N A L N 0 . 4 / 2 0 1 1
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his career -in fact ever since he as a young engineer came to
work with the area, first as consultant, then as head of the
COWI Energy Department with more than 70 employees - and
now since 2007 as Managing Director in TVIS.
This interest and senior position in the industry have also made
him chairman of DBDH. District heating is, according to Hans
Bjrn, a huge export success, and DBDH is part of the reason,
with its export promotions, publications, advertisements etc.
world-wide.
As chairman of DBDH, Hans Bjrn headed a large DBDH
delegation during the recent State Visit to Russia.
the latest technology. Isoplus recently boosted the capacity of
their high-tech continuous production lines, where they make
preinsulated pipes with gas diffusion barrier. The gas diffusion
barrier keeps heat losses low throughout the service life of
the pipe.
Isoplus is a modern enterprise that meets all international
standards and requirements in all areas whether they apply
to their products or to the environment around us.
www.dbdh.dk
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M E M B ER CO M PA N Y PROFILE
By Kathrine Windahl, Information and Marketing Manager, DBDH
BRUNATA
Experienced meter company
I meet Karolina E. B. Osipowska, Chief International Officer,
and Lise Bonde, Marketing Manager, at Brunata in their
headquarters in Herlev in the outskirts of Copenhagen.
Karolina Osipowska explains that Brunata is one of the
leading actors in metering as well as billing services and is
the only Danish company within this sector that operates on
national as well as international markets. The company began
its international approach after the fall of the Berlin Wall,
where new markets opened up in Eastern Europe, and Brunata
entered into partnerships as well as established subsidiaries.
Brunata is an old Danish company, dating back to 1917, with
meters from that era still functioning and being maintained by
the company. Brunata is recognized on the markets as being
of a quality according to Danish, and thus very high, standards.
Brunatas heat cost allocator measuring heat consumption
- is patented with a unique measurement principle, as the
only company in the market. The fact that the quality of the
metering principle is so high is to the benefit of the customers,
because the allocation of heat costs is as precise and fair as
possible,says Karolina Osipowska.
WebMon visual screen
Today Brunata focuses on remote meter reading, while the
company still maintains all the old meters, which is quite
exceptional. The remote reading systems are capable of reading
all consumption meters (i.e. gas, electricity, heat, water) in the
particular building. Afterwards the customers can see all the
consumption data in Brunata Online via the internet and at any
computer, ipad etc..
Brunata also focuses very much on development and has its
own R & D and IT departments, always striving for optimising
technical solutions benefitting people and the environment.
In terms of the environment, the companys meters are a
great example, as they can help reach savings of typically 10-
40 % (although cases of 70 % have also been seen), through
consumers change of behaviour as they get to know how much
they consume, where and when. Monitoring the consumption
also means optimisation of distribution as it is possible to
identify leaks and unusual consumption via the automatic
online data flow. In these ways Brunata contributes in reducing
CO2 emission and making the environment even greener .
OpTherma substation being unwrapped
Service company with much focus on CSR
While the product range, covering e.g. heat meters, heat cost
allocators, water meters and humidity meters, is an essential
part of Brunata, the company sees itself as a service company,
or, to be even more specific, a solution company.
According to Lise Bonde, being very much defined as a
cleantech company within metering Brunatas CSR is based on
the environment. Brunatas contribution to social responsibility
is divided into three areas: Environmental management,
Brunata's dialogue with interested parties and the focus on
the employees. One CSR project that Brunata is participating
in is GATE21, which is a partnership amongst a number of
municipalities, private companies and research institutions,
with the purpose of developing ambitious energy efficient
solutions to local climate and energy challenges. In this context
Brunata has made a study in the neighbouring town Brndby
together with three partners scrutinizing different energy
habits. Karolina Osipowska points out that it is also important
for the company to educate people in energy behaviour, which
is well in line with a service/solution-based approach. Visual
reading tools are a big part of the education in order to
optimise energy behaviour. 2100.nu is another environmental
project involving housing associations and companies at
sterbro in Copenhagen. The aim of this project was to reduce
the total CO2 emissions and create the future Copenhagen
and to help ensure that the municipality will be CO2 neutral by
2025. In this connection Brunata carried out a water saving
project together with two other partners in the project.
It is worth mentioning that the payback time for the products
is between 6 months and two years (depending on the country
in question), which means it is a quick way to earn savings and
pay back the investment in metering.
E N E R G Y A N D E N V I R O N M E N T
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Markets
According to Karolina Osipowska, Brunata is looking at the
close markets, e.g. the Baltic States. The company has just
established themselves in Italy, and already covers the Balkans
and the Eastern area, as well as being present in all Scandinavian
countries. The possible implementation of a new EU directive,
which will impose laws of individual metering in the countries,
will result in even larger growth opportunities. Brunata has
also been very active in the advocacy and lobbying for defining
the standards for heat metering. This is only natural as the
products of Brunata are so unique and coveted.
Ensuring eco-friendly heating
Brunata has just won a project at waste incineration plant
Vestforbrnding (also a DBDH-member). Here Brunata
helps the plant extend its district heating (DH) network,
having, during the last year, supplied about 35 of their
district heating units OpTherma to Vestforbrndings
new customers, which counts among them world-
renowned Novo Nordisk. The units include small systems
of 25 kW while the largest are almost 4,000 kW. The main
parts, however, are between 100 and 1,000 kW. The DH
unit works as connection between Vestforbrnding and
the local heating system. It simply separates the water
circuits physically and transfers the exact amount of
heat needed for the building. Each of Brunatas DH units
OpTherma has been adjusted to the customers specific
operation and construction conditions.

The units have been supplied gradually and on exact

dates - in order for the companies to adjust the production
according to the conversion and the short intermissions
that is a consequence of the conversion to DH.

OpTherma substation

DISTRICT HEATING AND COOLING KNOW-HOW

FROM MORE THAN 30 OFFICES WORLD-WIDE
NOW IN NORTH AMERICA

COWI North America Energy Inc. is part of the COWI

group, which has provided world-class consultancy since
1930 and employs a staff of 6,200 highly skilled individuals.

COWI North America Energy offers full range services within wind
energy, biomass and district heating & cooling to the North American
market. Together, with our three COWI sister companies, Ocean and
Coastal Consultants, Buckland & Taylor and Ben C. Gerwick, we
service the market from thirteen offices in North America.

COWI has been working with energy for more than 40 years and has
completed more than 2,000 energy projects worldwide. We transfer
knowledge between different regions of the world and apply them in
a local context.

See more at www.cowi-na-energy.com and www.cowi.com

CONTACT ADDRESS
Jens Ole Hansen COWI North America Energy, Inc.
President/Managing Director 35 Corporate Drive, Suite 1040
Tel.: +1 203 400 6060 Trumbull, CT 06611
jha@cowi.com USA

COWI is a leading international consulting group. We create value for

customers, people and society through our unique 360 approach within
the fields of engineering, envionmental services and economics.

DBDH_HotCool_Annonce_185x130_UK_Dec2011.indd 1 06-12-2011 11:48:18

J O U R N A L N 0 . 4 / 2 0 1 1 www.dbdh.dk
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list of members
Aalborg Engineering Phone +45 9631 3950 DESMI Phone +45 9632 8111
Supplier of boilers and boiler systems Fax +45 9631 3951 Pumps, pump systems and equipment Fax +45 9817 5499
ae@aalborg-engineering.dk desmi@desmi.com
www.aalborg-engineering.com www.desmi.com

ABB Phone +45 4450 4450 DONG Energy Phone +45 9955 1111
Monitoring and control for Fax +45 4450 4311 Fax +45 7622 1980
district heating networks abb@dk.abb.com dongenergy@dongenergy.dk
www.abb.com www.dongenergy.dk

Aerovit Phone +45 8692 4422 E.ON Danmark A/S Phone: +45 4485 4100
Boiler cleaning Fax +45 8692 2919 anni.moller@eon.dk
sales@aerovit.dk www.eon.dk
www. aerovit.dk

AffaldVarme Aarhus Phone +45 8940 1500 Envotherm Phone +45 7365 0900
jawi@akv.aarhus.dk Waste water solutions Fax: +45 7442 4770
www.aarhuskommune.dk info@envotherm.dk
www.envotherm.dk

Albertslund Fjernvarme Phone +45 4364 8692 Fjernvarme Fyn Phone +45 6547 3000
District heating company Fax +45 4364 3888 Supplier of dynamic valves for Fax +45 6547 3001
albertslund@albertslund.dk heating and cooling systems kontakt@fjernvarmefyn.dk
www.fjernvarmefyn.dk

Amagerforbrnding Phone +45 3268 9300 Focus Energy Phone +45 9714 2022
Waste and energy company Fax +45 3268 9393 Biomass-based boiler systems Fax +45 9714 2686
amfor@amfor.dk post@focusenergy.dk
www.amfor.dk www.focusenergy.dk

ARCON Solar A/S Phone +45 9839 1477 Forsyning Helsingr Phone +45 4840 5050
Large-scale thermal solar systems Fax +45 9839 2005 Muncipal district heating supply sag@fh.dk
www.arcon.dk www.fh.dk

Broen Phone +45 6471 2095 Frederiksberg Forsyning Phone +45 3818 5100
Ballomax valves Fax +45 6471 2195 Municipal district heating supply Fax +45 3818 5199
broen@broen.dk ff@frb-forsyning.dk
www.broen.com www.frb-forsyning.dk

Brunata Phone +45 7777 7000 Grontmij Phone +45 4348 6060
Heat cost allocators, heat meters, Fax +45 7777 7001 Consulting engineers and planners Fax +45 4348 6660
water meters and heat and water brunata@brunata.dk info@grontmij.dk
accounting service www.brunata.com www.grontmij.com

BWSC Phone +45 4814 0022 Grundfos Phone +45 8750 1400
Heat & power plant developer, turnkey Fax +45 4814 0150 Pumps, controls and Fax +45 8750 1490
and operation contractor sales@bwsc.dk related equipment grundfos@grundfos.com
www.bwsc.dk www.grundfos.com

Cowi Phone +45 4597 2211 HentechSolution ApS Phone +45 4390 4720
Consulting engineers and planners Fax +45 4597 2212 Mechanical seals Fax +45 4390 4775
cowi@cowi.dk huhnseal@huhnseal.dk
www.cowi.dk www.huhnseal.dk

CTR Phone +45 3818 5777 Hydro-X Phone +45 9828 2111
Metropolitan Copenhagen Fax +45 3818 5799 Boiler water treatment Fax +45 9828 3021
Heating Transmission Company ctr@ctr.dk info@hydro-x.dk
www.ctr.dk www.hydro-x.dk

Dall Energy Phone +45 2987 2222 Iron Pump Phone +45 4491 6788
New Biomass Technologies info@dallenergy.com Manufacturer of pumps Fax +45 4454 7119
www.dallenergy.com bts@ironpump.dk
www.ironpump.com

Danfoss Phone +45 7488 2222 Isoplus Fjernvarmeteknik Phone +45 6441 6109
Heating controls, metering Fax +45 7449 0949 Preinsulated piping systems Fax +45 6441 6159
and pump speed control danfoss@danfoss.com for district heating and cooling iso@isoplus.dk
www.danfoss.com www.isoplus.dk

E N E R G Y A N D E N V I R O N M E N T
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Kamstrup Phone +45 8993 1000 SPX Flow Technology Phone +45 7027 8444
Supplier of energy meters & automatic Fax +45 8993 1001 Plate heat exchangers Fax +45 7632 4110
meter reading systems for heat, cooling, energi@kamstrup.dk heatexchanger@apv.com
water and gas www.kamstrup.com www.apv.invensys.com

Kbenhavns Energi Phone +45 2795 2750 SUNMARK Phone +45 6253 2610
Copenhagen Energy Fax +45 2795 2012 Solar thermal energy solutions info@sunmark.com
ke@ke.dk - large scale www. sunmark.com
www.ke.dk

Logstor Phone +45 9966 1000 TVIS Phone +45 7594 0711
Preinsulated transmission Fax +45 9966 1180 Heat transmission company tvis@tvis.net
and distribution pipes logstor@logstor.com of Denmarks triangle area. www.tvis.net
www.logstor.com

Niras Phone +45 6312 1581 VEKS Phone +45 4366 0366
Consulting engineers and planners Fax +45 4014 2784 West Copenhagen Heating Fax +45 4366 0369
niras@niras.dk Transmission Company veks@veks.dk
www.niras.dk www.veks.dk

Rambll Phone +45 5161 1000 Vestforbrnding Phone +45 4485 7000
Consulting engineers and planners Fax +45 5161 1001 Power and heat supply based on Fax +45 4485 7001
ramboll@ramboll.dk waste incineration vestfor@vestfor.dk
www.ramboll.dk www.vestfor.dk

7-Technologies Phone +45 45 900 700 DBDH Phone +45 3818 5440
Quality software for profitable Fax +45 4590 0701 Secretariat Fax +45 3818 5444
operation of industriel plants sales@7t.dk dbdh@dbdh.dk
and utilities www.7t.dk www.dbdh.dk

SK Forsyning Phone +45 5836 2500

Municipal district heating supply Fax +45 5836 2501
info@skforsyning.dk
www.skforsyning.dk

humor
District

J O U R N A L N 0 . 4 / 2 0 1 1 www.dbdh.dk
 The bar is getting higher ...

before:

during:

P i n d P r o m o t o r . d k 19831
after:

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