M9705910

Analysis and Application of Earth Pressure Induced by Deep

Excavation of Finite Soil Body

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M9705910

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M9705910
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:

tt EE

~ J
M

():

1) 7 ).//

:

:99 7

(L/H)

35(L/H)0.5
(L/H)0.7

Rd

10%~20%

I
 Analysis and Application of Earth Pressure Induced by
Deep Excavation of Finite Soil Body

Thesis Advisor:Horn-Da Lin

Graduate Student:Chien-Sheng Chen

ABSTRACT
In an urban region, the design of a deep excavation project commonly

involves the existing of adjacent buildings. Former studies have indicated that the

earth pressure induced by the finite soil body is smaller than that caused by

infinite soil mass. Therefore, this study intends to analyze the earth pressure

characteristics and discuss thoroughly its application in the condition of finite soil

body. Both cohesive and cohesionless soils are considered in this study. By

adopting the theory of limit equilibrium method, this study first develops the

relationship between the earth pressure and L/H relationship (in which L is the

free length of soil mass and H is the excavation depth). This development is then

numerically verified by finite element method. It is observed that to be

conservative, the influence of the wall friction need not be taken into account.

Under this circumstance, for cohesionless soil with friction angle < 350 and

ratio L/H < 0.5, the earth pressures vary significantly at various L/H values and

should be considered. On the other hand, when the ratio L/H 0.7 the earth

pressure coefficient converges to that of infinite soil mass. For cohesionless soil,

the lateral earth pressure of finite soil body can be determined by the normalized

reduction factor Rd. For cohesive soil, the lateral earth pressure can be calculated

using the equivalent coefficient of lateral earth pressure of finite soil mass. This

study presents the analyses of two case histories to verify these foregoing

II
findings. The results exhibit good agreement between the calculated and the

measured values. The error is about 10to 20%. Thus, the methods developed in

this study can be adopted for the design of deep excavation.

III


IV

..................................................................................................... I

ABSTRACT ...............................................................................................II

.......................................................................................................... IV

........................................................................................................... V

................................................................................................... VIII

...................................................................................................... IX

............................................................................................ 1
1.1 ........................................................................... 1
1.2 ........................................................................... 2

.................................................................................... 6
2.1 ........................................................................... 6
2.1.1 Rankine ........................................................... 6
2.1.2 Coulomb ......................................................... 9
2.2 ............................................................................. 11
2.2.1 ................................................................... 11
2.2.2 ....................................................................... 12
2.3 ........................................................ 13
2.3.1 ............................................................... 13
2.3.2 ........................................................... 14
2.3.3 ...................................... 16
2.3.4 .............................. 17

......................................... 21

V
 3.1 ............................................................ 21
3.2 ................................................................ 23
3.2.1 ................................................................... 23
3.2.1.1 ......................................................... 23
3.2.1.2 ............................................................. 29
3.2.2 .......................................... 30
3.2.3 ....................................................................... 32
3.2.4 Su ...................................................................... 35

..................................................... 37
4.1 ............................................................................. 37
4.1.1 ................................................................... 37
4.1.2 ............................................................... 38
4.1.3 - ............................................. 41
4.1.4 ............................................................... 43
4.1.5 ............................................................... 44
4.1.6 ............................................................... 44
4.2 ............................................................................. 46
4.3 ................................................................................. 54

.................................................................................. 57
5.1 ................................ 57
5.2 RIDO .......................................................................... 60
5.3 ................................................................ 63
5.3.1 ........................................................................... 63
5.3.2 .......................................... 65
5.3.3 ........................................................... 66
5.3.4 ................................................................... 66
5.3.5 RIDO ............................................ 67

VI
 5.3.6 ............................................................... 68
5.4 ................................................................. 72
5.4.1 ........................................................................... 72
5.4.2 .......................................... 74
5.4.3 ........................................................... 74
5.4.4 ................................................................... 75
5.4.5 RIDO ........................................................ 76
5.4.6 ............................................................... 77

............................................................................. 81
6.1 ............................................................................................. 81
6.2 ............................................................................................. 83

A RIDO ....................................................................... 87

VII

2.1 ......................... 15
3.1 ..................................................... 23
3.2 L/H () ................. 27
4.1 ......................................................... 47
4.2 ............................................................. 54
5.1 ............................................................. 65
5.2 ............................................................. 66
5.3 ......................................................... 69
5.4 ................................................................. 69
5.5 ............................................................. 74
5.6 ............................................................. 75
5.7 ......................................................... 77
5.8 ................................................................. 78

VIII

1.1 .. 3
1.2 .. 3
1.3 ............................................................... 4
1.4 ................................................................................ 5
2.1 ........................................................................... 8
2.2 Rankine ........................................................ 8
2.3 .................. 9
2.4 Coulomb .................................................................. 11
2.5 ......................................................... 13
2.6 ..................................... 15
2.7 Rd ................................................ 17
2.8 ................................................. 18
2.9 ................................................................. 19
2.10 ............................................... 20
3.1 ............................................. 23
3.2 ................................. 24
3.3 ................................................. 25
3.4 ()...................... 25
3.5 L/H () ................. 28
3.6 L/H ..................................................... 29
3.7 () .......................... 30
3.8 K L/H ( '=10~40).................................................... 31
3.9 Rd L/H ( '=10~40) ................................................... 31
3.10 ().... 32

IX
 3.11 K L/H ()........................ 36
3.12 K L/H ()............................ 36
4.1 Mohr- Coulomb -- ................... 39
4.2 ......................................................... 47
4.3 ..................................................................... 48
4.4 ......................................................... 48
4.5 K R () ................. 50
4.6 ()...................... 51
4.7 () .............................. 51
4.8 K L/H ().............................. 52
4.9 Rd L/H ()Ka:Rankine .......... 52
4.10 Rd L/H ()Ka:Coulomb....... 53
4.11 ....................... 53
4.12 ()................ 55
4.13 ()................ 55
4.14 K L/H ()................................ 56
4.15 K L/H ()................................ 56
5.1 ................................................................. 59
5.2 RIDO ...................................... 60
5.3 RIDO - ..................................................... 61
5.4 .................................................................................. 64
5.5 ..................................................................... 64
5.6 SID2 ........................................................... 70
5.7 SID4 ........................................................... 71
5.8 .............................................................................. 73
5.9 ..................................................................... 73
X
 5.10 ................................................................... 73
5.11 SID2 ......................................................... 80
5.12 SID8 ......................................................... 80

XI

1.1

(1)
1.1

(2)
1.2

(3)1.1
1.3

(L/H)

1

2

(RIDO)

Ka

1.2

1.1

1.2

3
 1.3

4
 1.4

2.1

2.1.1 Rankine

Rankine(1857)
Rankine

(1)

(2)(Isotropic)(Homogeneous)
c

(3)

(4)
(plastic equilibrium)

(1987)

6

(2.1)

2.2

2.1

1 sin
Pa = K a Z = ( )Z ......(2.1)
1 + sin

1 sin
K a = = tan2 (45 ) = ....(2.2)
1 + sin 2

Pa = K a Z 2c K a .....(2.3)

(UUU Test=0)
2.3

Pa = Z 2c ....(2.4)

7
 2.1 (1987)

2.2 Rankine (1987)

8
 2.3 (
1987)

2.1.2 Coulomb

Coulomb(1776)
(wedge)

(1)(plane strain)

(2)(isotropic)(homogeneous)

(3)

(4)

9
(5)(failure wedge)

(6)

2.4BCBC
RBC
P(
=1/22/3=)

WPR
(force triangle)

1
P = K aH 2 .......(2.5)
2

Coulomb (coefficient of active earth

pressure) Ka
cos 2 ( ) ..(2.6)
Ka = 2
sin( + ) sin( )
cos 2 cos( + ) 1 +
cos( + ) cos( )

H=(2.4)

10
 =

2.4 Coulomb(2002)

2.2

Rankine
Coulomb

(2002)

2.2.1

11
 ' a = K a ( v u ) 2c' K ac ......(2.7)

K ac = K a (1 + c' w / c' ) ..............(2.8)

a = ' a +u .........(2.9)

'a=

a=

c'=

c'w=

u=

Ka=Coulomb Caquot-Kerisel

2.2.2

UUFVCPT
100%=0
()

a = v K a 2cK ac ........(2.10)

K ac = K a (1 + c w / c) .........(2.11)

12
 Ka=Rankine

c=

cw=

=0cSu
Ka=Kp=1 K ac = K a (1 + c w / S u ) cw

cw=Su...(2.12)

2.3

2.3.1

(Kono2005)

2.5

2.5 (Kono2005)

13
2.3.2

(2007)

(2007)

Coulomb
Coulomb

Iwasa(2006)

2.62.1

14


2.6 (Iwasa2006)

2.1 (Iwasa2006)


(1) (4)
( Rankine
)

(2) (5)


(3) (6)
(
0 )

15
2.3.3

Rankine
Rankine
Rankine

RankineLeshchinsky(2003)and Lawson(2005)

(L/H)Ka

Yang and Liu (2007)(arching effects)

(boundary constranint)

=30
(L/H)Rankine
Rd2.7

16
 2.7 Rd(Yang and Liu2007)

2.3.4

(2008)(1)
(2)c(3)
2.8

L
W = L H tan ..........................................................(2.13)
2

L
E = [L H tan Lc tan ] tan ( ) L ................(2.14)
2

17
 -

2.8 (2008)

(2008)
2.92.10

1
W =
2
( )
AB + AB AA ........(2.15)

18
Ea = 1 b k ( 2 H sin( )
b tan ) + qb
cb
(1 +
sin( ) sin( )
) (2.16)
2
cos( ) cos cos cos( )

2.9 (2008)

Ea

19


2.10 (2008)

2.3.4c
(2002)

c' '
SuUU
CU
cT

20


3.1

3.1

RIDOTORSA3.1

RIDOTORSA

(L/H)

21
Rd

3.1

22
 3.1

1. 1.RIDO
2.

2. 1.RIDO
2.

3. 1. 1.
(K 2.

) 3.

4. 1.RIDO
( 2.
)

3.2

3.2.1

3.2.1.1

3.2
(1)(2)
(Isotropic)(Homogeneous)
(3)(4)
(Plane strain)(5)
(6)

23
(7)
(Failure wedge)
(8)

3.33.4

PK

P .(3.1)
K=
1 / 2H 2

3.2

24
 a

3.3

3.4 ()

(More Coulomb failure criterion)

Fh=0 P+Tcos=Nsin...(3.2)

Fv=0 W=Tsin+Ncos...(3.3)

T=Ntan...(3.4)

3.43.23.33.4

25
<a
1 2
W = ( HL L tan ) ...(3.5)
2
1 2
P = ( HL L tan ) tan( ) ......(3.6)
2
L L
K = (2( ) ( ) 2 tan ) tan( ) .......(3.7)
H H

>a
1 H ........(3.8)
2

W=
2 tan
1
...........(3.9)
2
H
P= 2 tan( )
tan
tan( ) ..........(3.10)
K=
tan

H'

H '=H-L tan
H ......(3.11)
a = tan 1 ( )
L

L/H

26
 3.6HL(
)PP
Pa
dP ..........(3.12)
=0
d

3.12:
L - L + 2tan( )HL + L tan( ) + 2 HL tan( )
) ...(3.13)
2 2 2 3

= tan (
-1

tan( ) L

a
a
3.13=20~40L/H=0.1~0.7
3.23.5
35

L/H0.5
3.7

3.2 L/H()

L/H =20 =25 =30 =35 =40 a()

0.7 55.01 55.76 56.72 57.86 59.17 55.03
0.6 58.14 58.59 59.22 60.31 61.48 59.07
0.5 61.39 61.66 62.17 63.14 64.09 63.47
0.4 65.12 65.28 65.52 66.21 67.00 68.23
0.3 69.22 69.37 69.30 69.74 70.34 73.34
0.2 74.37 73.99 73.87 74.02 74.19 78.73
0.1 79.79 79.62 79.42 79.36 79.45 84.33

27
 3.5 L/H()

c'=0 '=30(L/H)
3.7
Rankine(Ka)45+ '/2
K(=45+ '/2) 3.6
KLawson(2005)

3.6 K K(=45+ '/2) L/H

L/H0.5~0.7KK(=45+ '/2) Ka L/H=0.1~0.5

Ka>K>K(=45+ '/2)
Rankine

28
 3.6 L/H

3.2.1.2

3.2.1.1
3.7
P
K

Fh=0 P+Tcos=Nsin

Fv=0 W=Tsin+Ncos+F .(3.14)

T=Ntan

29

1 .........(3.15)
P = ( ( HL L tan ) F ) tan( )
2

2
L L 2F .......(3.16)
K = ( 2( ) ( ) tan )
2
2
tan( )
H H H

F: F= tan...........................(3.17)

3.7 ()

3.2.2

KRd

Rd=K/Ka.......(3.18)

K=

Ka=Rankine
'=20~40L/H=0.1~0.7

30
K3.83.18Rd

3.9RdL/HL/H=0.6Rd
1L/H0.7

3.8 KL/H( '=10~40)

3.9 RdL/H( '=10~40)(ka:Rankine)

31
3.2.3

3.10(1)
(Isotropic)(Homogeneous)(2)
(3)(Plane

strain)(4)(5)

(6) (Failure wedge)

(7)

f2
f1

F=f1 +f2
a

3.10 ()

32
 P
K

H '=H-L tan
H
a = tan 1 ( )
L

L/H

f1

f2

P+Tcos=Nsin

W=Tsin+Ncos+F
Su L
M-C T = ( )
cos
Su L
P = (W F ) tan
cos 2

F=f1+f2=Cw(H+H)=Cw(2H-Ltan)=Su(2H-Ltan)

(=0.5~0.8) =0.5

33
 F=0

<a
1 2
W = ( HL L tan )
2
1 .....(3.19)
P = w tan S u L
cos 2
P
K=
1
H 2
2
L L 2S L 1 ..................(3.20)
K = (2( ) ( ) 2 tan ) tan u ( )
H H H H cos 2

>a
1
W = H 2 / tan
2
1 ........(3.21)
P = w tan S u L
cos 2
P 3.20
K=
1
H 2
2
2S u L 1 ..........(3.22)
K = 1 ( )
H H cos 2

F=f1+f2

For <a
1 2
W = ( HL L tan )
2
Su L
P = (W F ) tan ..............(3.23)
cos 2

F=f1+f2=Cw(H+H)=Cw(2H-Ltan)=Su(2H-Ltan)... .(3.24)
P 3.233.24
K=
1
H 2
2

34
 L L 2 Su L 2S L 1 ..(3.25)
K = 2( ) ( ) 2 tan (2 ( ) tan ) tan u ( )
H H rH H H H cos 2

3.2.4 Su

K2Su/H
20
22Su/H0.15~0.35

Su=(0.2~0.3)....(3.26)

v'=x+(H-x)( -1)= H-(H-x)

v'/H=0.410.47(x=0,=2.0t/m2)

v'/H =0.490.53(2x=2,=2.0t/m2)

2Su/H =0.1640.318(~2)

2Su/H =0.150.35()...(3.27)

2Su/H =0.150.35L/H=0.10.7
K()3.11KL/H
L/H0.6~0.7K
(3.24F=f1=0.5)
K3.12
K(3.11)KKL/H

35
 3.11 KL/H()

3.12 KL/H()

36

PLAXIS

4.1
PLAXISPLAXIS
Delft
Stuttgart

PLAXIS()
(elasticisotropic)Mohr-Coulomb
(creep)(strain softening)
PLAXIS

4.1.1

PLAXIS-
E

37
c
KG
E(4.1)(4.2)

E ......(4.1)
K=
3(1 2 )
E (4.2)
G=
2(1 + )

4.1.2

(Hooks law)

(yielding criterion)

f ( ji , 2 , 3 .......) = 0

f ( I 1 , J 2 , J 3 , 2 , 3 .......) = 0

2 , 3

I 1 ( I 1 = 1 + 2 + 3 )

J2

38
 1
1 2 2

6
[ 2 2
]
J 2 = (1 2 ) + (1 3 ) + ( 2 3 )

J3

ij = C e ij

ij = C p ij

ij

C e ij

C p ij

More Coulomb failure criterion

4.1Mohr
()()

= f ( )

4.1 Mohr- Coulomb--(

2001)

39
 Mohr(failure envelope)
Coulomb

= C + tan

Mohr
1
( 1 3 )
sin = 2
1
C cot + ( 1 + 3 )
2

(general form)
1 1
f ( I1 , J 2 , m ) = I 1 sin + J 2 sin( m + ) + J 2 cos( m + ) sin C cos = 0
3 3 3 3

f ( m , m , m ) = 2 m sin + 3 m sin( m + ) + m cos( m + ) sin 6C cos = 0
3 3

1
m = I1
3

m = 2J 2

1 3 3 J 3
m = cos 1 1 .5
3 2 J2

(flow rule)

(Von Mises 1928)

40
 g
d ijp = d
ij

d ijp

d (positive scalar factor of proportionality)

g ( ij ) (plastic potential function)

(associated flow

rule)
f
d ijp = d
ij

(non-

associated flow rule)

Mohr-Coulomb

4.1.3 -

Poissons

41


(1)(E)

PLAXISYoungs-

E50%E50
E
E50 Eur
E50

(2)Poissons()

-(

Mweight01)Poissons
PLAXISK0=h/v
h/v=v/(1-v)
K0Poissons
K0

(3)()

()

(4)(c)

PLAXIS(c=0)

42

(c>0.2 kPa)

(5)()

()
(=0)

4.1.4

(1)(plane strain element)

(1992)
6020
20

(2)(beam element)

(3)(interface element)

43
4.1.5

(1)

(2)

-
K0
K0

PLAXIS
yo=H

xo=k0 HHk0
k0=1-sin

4.1.6

(1)

K0/(1+K0)

0.50.5

44
=0.495PLAXIS0.3
=0.495

(2)K

Jaky(1948)K

K0=1-sin '......(4.5)

'

(1993)K '

(4.5)K(4.5)

(3)Es/Su

(2002)

Es=(500~800)Su kN/m2.....(4.6)

Es/Su=500

(4)Es

( 7
)

E=2800N(kN/m2)....(4.7)

Dunham(1954)N

45
 = 12 N + 15 () (4.8)

= 12N + 25 ....(4.9)

} = 12N + 20 (4.10)

4.2

3.34.2
(1)(C=0)(2)
PLAXIS
(H)10
L1234567
Mohr-Coulomb4.1
4.3
180

0~30
4.4

K=

0
x dz
...(4.11)
1
rH 2
2

K=

x=

46
z=

4.2

4.1
(kN/m3) 20
2025303540
E(kN/m2) 2800N
K0 1-sin
K0

1+ K0

EI(kN m2/m) 1.5106

d(m) 0.5

R 0.330.50.671.0

47
 4.3

4.4

48
 c'=0 '=30(L/H)0.5
4.1R0.330.50.671
4.5
4.6Mohr-Coulomb
4.7 4.11

K=0.3088(R=0.33) K=0.3042(R=0.5) K=0.2853(R=0.67)

K=0.2639(R=1.0)R=0.331.0K
0.30880.2639
K

c=0R=0.67 '

2040L/H=0.10.74.8
3.7L/H=0.10.5
KL/H=0.60.7K
L/H0.7

Yang and Liu(2007)

(L/H)RankineRd
3.14Rd4.8
4.9RdL/H

Coulomb(L/H)Coulomb
Rd4.10RdRankine Rd
L/HL/H0.6Rd1

49
 Yang

and Liu(2007)=36R=0.67
4.11
L/H=0.3~0.6

(Rd Rankine Ka)L/H=0.1~0.2

Rd

4.5 KR()

50
 4.6 ()

4.7 ()

51
 4.8 KL/H()

4.9 RdL/H()Ka:Rankine

52
 4.10 RdL/H()Ka:Coulomb

4.11

53
4.3
(1)(=0)(2)

4.2

Mohr-Coulomb4.2
4.11
K

2Su/rH=0.150.35L/H=0.10.7
R=0.54.12
4.144.134.15
4.144.15
4.144.15

L/H=0.10.5 K L/H=0.6
0.7KL/H0.7

4.2
(kN/m3) 20
Su(kN/m2) 7.51012.51517.5
E(kN/m2) 500Su
K0 1-Sin=1
0.495

EI(kN m2/m) 1.5106

d(m) 0.5
R 0.5

54
 o

4.12 ()

4.13 ()

55
 4.14 K L/H ()

4.15 KL/H()

56


2
(RIDO)

() Rd(
)

5.1



5.1

RIDO

KhKh
AKa'RIDO

KaRIDO

(1)

(2)()5.2

(3)(LayerMax(HL,Ha))

(4) 'SuL/H3. 8 3. 11 RdK

57
(5)Ka'Ka'=RdKa' (C=0)Ka'=K(=0)

(6)Ka'RIDOKa

58
 5.1

59
 5.2 RIDO

5.2 RIDO
RIDO (Robert Fages Logiciels) 1983
Winkler (elastoplastic equilibrium)

1.

2.

3.

60
 4.

5.

6.

7.

(2000 ) RIDO

5.3

5.3 RIDO -(2000)

c cos sin cos ( ) tan

qa = K a + e cos 1 + S
tan 1 + sin ...(5.1)

61
 =0

q a = K a c + 1 + S .(5.2)
2

c cos + sin cos ( + ) tan
qa = K + e cos 1 + S
tan 1 sin (5.3)

=0 q = K + c + 1 + S .(5.4)
2

KaKp=

p=

c=

sin= sin 0,
sin 2

S=

5.15.4Rido
Rido
KaKp0

Boussinesq-Rankine

KaKp
/(

DaDp)c

62
c

(c'=0)
c=Su=0Ka=Kp=1K0=1-sin '=0.5

(c'=0)

5.3

5.3.1

5.4
30

83688m27550
27.710048
4.0
85.5155
H4004001321

63
 5.4

5.5

64
5.3.2

50
5.1
5

5.1

SPT- Su
C(t/m2)
(m) (m) N (t/m2)
(t/m3)

0.00~4.35 4.35 SF1 -- - 0.0 30.0


4.35~19.45 16.1 SM2 14 1.86 0.0 30.5


19.45~23.75 4.3 CL3 9 1.82 0.0 29.5 4.0


23.75~29.05 5.3 SM4 17 1.87 0.0 30.5


29.05~35.65 6.6 CL5 12 1.88 0.0 30.0 5.25


35.65~50.05 14.4 SM6 33 1.89 0.0 35.0


50.05~56.70 >6.7 GM7 >100 2.10* 0.0 40.0

65
5.3.3

5.2

5.2

(m2) (m4)
E(N/m2)

100cm 1.0 0.0427 1.511010

20cm 0.20 0.00067 2.011010

40cm 0.40 0.00533 2.011010
80cm 0.80 0.04267 2.011010

5.3.4

()

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

5.4
5025.2
5.5SID4

66


SID44
SID2
SID2RIDO

5.3.5 RIDO

5.4

1.(GL.-4.1m)

2.

3.(GL.-4.1m)

4.(GL.-3.5m)

5.(GL.-10.4m)

6.(GL.-6.8m)

7. (GL.-9.8m)

8.(GL.-16.4m)

9.(GL.-12.8m)

10. (GL.-15.8m)

11. (GL.-19.4m)

12. (GL.-18.8m)

13. (GL.-22.4m)

67
 14. (GL.-21.8m)

15. (GL.-24.6m)

16. (GL.-23.6m)

17. (GL.-27.7m)

18.FS(GL.-27.1m)

19. (GL.-24.7m)

4.42

5.3.6

SID2 10 60 (GL.-

3.0~GL.40.0)83.526.0SID4
76012SID2
RIDO 5.4 41.81mm( 27.1 )

41.34mm(25) 5.6(
) SID4

26.13mm(25.98) 5.75.2
RIDOKa'(Ka'=RdKaKa'=KKa)5.2
RIDO 21.79mm( 25.6)

SID420.86mm(25.95m)0.93mm
95.5%

68
 5.3
Xc Ka Ka'=Ka*Rd K0 Kp C L/H Rd
19.45 0.330 0.165 0.490 5.160 0.00 30.50 0.144 0.500

23.75 1.000 0.313 1.000 1.000 4.00 0.00 0.144 0.313

29.05 0.330 0.165 0.490 5.160 0.00 30.50 0.144 0.500

36.65 1.000 0.350 1.000 1.000 5.25 0.00 0.144 0.350

50.05 0.270 0.270 0.430 7.360 0 35 - -

5.4
SID2() SID4( Ka )

(mm) (mm)
( m) ( m)

(mm) (mm)
(97/10/2) (RIDO) ( (97/10/2) (RIDO) (RIDO) (
) )

41.34 41.81 0.47 20.86 26.13 21.79 0.93

(25.0) (27.1) (1.1%) (27.5) (25.98) (25.6) (4.4%)

69
 5.6 SID2

70
 5.7 SID4

71
5.4

5.4.1

5.8
337

4741m2100.28

51.827.412045
100

5.445
1.58
95H4004001321

5.8

72
 5.9

1.5m

5.10

73
 5.4.2

53.4
5.5
4

5.5

(m) SPT-N C(t/m2) Su(t/m2)
(m) (t/m3)

0.00~7.9 7.9 CL/ML 8 1.94 0.0 29.0

7.9~19.60 11.7 SM 13 2.01 0.0 31.0

19.60~23.90 4.3 ML/CL 13 1.95 0.0 30.0 0.3

23.90~29.20 5.3 SM 21 1.98 0.0 32.0

29.20~35.90 6.7 CL/ML 16 1.97 0.0 31.0 0.3

35.90~49.60 13.7 SM 36 2.03 0.0 33.0

53.40~ GM >50 2.25 1.0 40.0

5.4.3

5.6

74
 5.6

(m2) (m4)
E(N/m2)

120cm 1.20 0.1440 1.511010

25cm 0.25 0.00130 2.011010

40cm 0.40 0.00533 2.011010

100cm 1.00 0.0830 2.011010

5.4.4

()

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

5.95.10
7325.2
5.10
SID41.5
SID8
SID2SID2

75
RIDO

5.4.5 RIDO

5.9

1.(GL.-5.4m)

2. (GL.-4.1m)

3.

4. (GL.-8.8m)

5. (GL.-7.5m)

6.(GL.-11.8m)

7. (GL.-10.5m)

8.(GL.-14.8m)

9. (GL.-13.5m)

10.(GL.-17.8m)

11.(GL.-16.5m)

12. (GL.-20.8m)

13. (GL.-19.5m)

14. (GL.-23.8m)

15. (GL.-23.0m)

16. (GL.-27.4m)

17.FS(GL.-26.8m)

76
 18. ()(GL.-21.8m)

5.4.6

2100(GL.-5.4~GL.45.0)
5.8
SID2()RIDO

42.33mm(25.55)40.86mm(23)
5.11RIDO5.2Ka'
Ka'=RdKa
5.7RIDO30.96mm(

25.8) 5.12SID8()35.65mm(
25.00m)4.7mm86.8%

5.7
Xc Ka Ka'=Ka*Rd K0 Kp C f L/H Rd
7.90 0.347 0.177 0.515 5.284 0.00 29.00 0.055 0.510

19.60 0.320 0.163 0.485 6.249 0.00 31.00 0.055 0.510

23.90 0.333 0.170 0.500 5.737 0.00 30.00 0.055 0.510

29.20 0.307 0.160 0.470 6.831 0.00 32.00 0.055 0.520

35.90 0.320 0.163 0.485 6.249 0.00 31.00 0.055 0.510

49.60 0.295 0.220 0.455 7.496 0.00 33.00 0.055 -

77
 5.8
SID2() SID8( Ka )

(mm) (mm)
( m) ( m)

(mm) (mm)
(97/10/2) (RIDO) ( (97/10/2) (RIDO) (
) )

40.86 42.33 1.47 35.65 30.959 4.7

(23.0) (25.55) (3.6%) (25.0) (25.8) (13.2%)

78
 5.11 SID2

79
 5.12 SID8

80


6.1
(1)

(2)(L/H)

35 (L/H)0.5
L/H0.6
K(L/H)0.7

(3)(L/H)

Su
2Su L/H
H

81
 RdL/H

(4)L/H=0.50.7
KL/H0.7

(5)
Rd

(L/H)L/H
0.71

(6)
(L/H)

(7)
L/HRd

(L/H)
Rd

(8)

(9)

82
 Rd

K
10%~20%

6.2
(1)
RIDO

(2)

(3)2

83

1. 7
4 14 1987

2.
2001

3.
24 1 2008

4.
2005

5. -
200 3-1
3-23 2001

6. RIDO VEX
3-1 3-34
2000

7.
27 12008

8.
1990

9.
2007

10. 85
pp.5-122001

11.
107 pp.75-862006
84
12. FLAC
2003

13.
30 4 2009

14.
2002

15. 6
2007

16.IwasaAoki and Kono "Study lateral pressure on earth retaining

wall based on measurd lateral displacement near the adjacent
structure" 41 p1643-
1644 2006

17.KonoTakao andAoki "Measurement result of lateral

displacement and pressure of earth retaining wall near the adjacent
structure"Architectural institute of Japanp631-632 2005

18.Lawson C. R. and Yee T. W. "Reinforced soil retaining

walls with constrained reinforced fill zones" Proceedings Geo-
Frontiers 2005 ASCE Geo-Institute Conference2005

19. MatsuzawaH. and HazarikaH.Analysis of active earth

pressure against rigid retaining wall subjected to different models of
moment Soils andFoundationTokyoJapanVol. 36No.3
p51-66 1996

20. PaikK.H. and SalgadoR.Estimation of active earth pressure

against rigid retaining walls considering arching effects
Geotechnique 53No.7 pp643-6532003

85
21.TanakaD. AokiM. and KomoT. "The evaluation of lateral
pressure on retaining wall considering adjacent structure
37 p1579-15802002

22. YangK.H. and Zornberg J. G. The coefficient of earth

pressure on retaining walls placed in front of a stable face with limited
space 2006

23. YangK.H. and LiuC.N.Finite element analysis of earth

pressures for narrow retaining walls Journal of the
GeoEngineering Vol2No.2 pp43-52.2007

86
 A RIDO
A-1

RIDO Winkler
RIDO

A-2

RIDO

c cos sin cos ( ) tan

qa = K a + e cos 1 + S
tan 1 + sin

c cos + sin cos ( + ) tan
qa = K + e cos 1 + S
tan 1 sin

KaKp=

p=

c=

sin= sin 0,
sin 2

S=

87
Jacky = 1 sin '

A-3

RIDO

1.
=

=0.7

E
I
2.H
s
=
L

0.6

Es2.1107=tf/m2
A
L
3.
c
=
L

0.6

Ec 2

A
L

88
 4.
: 1 2 Kh=0.691*N0.406(kg/cm3)

A-4

( 76
)
fs: fs=Su fs=0.2Ns
(kh):Kh=0.691*N0.406(kg/cm3)

(Su*)Su *= Su (*L*N/B)
(Kh*) Kh*=(200/250*L*N/B)* Kh

(Kp*)Kp *= Kp (2*tan*L*N/B)
(Kh*) Kh*=(40*L*N/B)*Ns
RIDO Kh=Kh+Kh*

B:
N:
L:
Ns:
:(=1.0)
1 2 KhKh*Kh Kh:

89
90
91
92


50712

(99)

(73)

()

(M9705910 J 98
2

J '

) C
:

1
2.