MCQ – CARDIOLOGY

Cardiovascular physiology MCQ S

Question 1: With respect to action potential in the sino-atrial node

F The resting membrane potential is more negative than for non-conducting
cardiac muscle
FDepolarisation is caused by activation of fast voltage gated sodium
channels
F There is dependence on vagal nerve stimulation for the generation of
action potentials
T Repolarisation is caused by increased potassium permeability

Question 2: During the cardiac cycle

F The T wave occurs after the end of ventricular contraction
T The a wave in the atrial pressure profile is caused by atrial contraction
F The c wave in the atrial pressure profile is caused by opening of the
atrio-ventricular valve
T The v wave in the atrial pressure profile is caused by venous return into the

Question 3: During the cardiac cycle

F Atrial contraction occurs during systole
T The P wave of the electrocardiogram represents atrial depolarisation
F The QRS complex represents ventricular repolarisation
F The T wave represents ventricular depolarisation

Question 4: Vasodilatation is caused by

F Increased pH
T Increased osmolarity
T Increased CO2 concentration
F Increased oxygen tension

Question 5: The following are associated with a decrease in cardiac output

F Increased blood volume
T Acute venous dilatation
T Venous obstruction
F Blood pressure of 160/100

Question 6: During the cardiac cycle

T The v wave in the atrial pressure profile is caused by venous return into the
atrium
T The notch in the aortic pressure profile is caused by closure of the aortic
valve
F The first heart sound is caused by opening of the atrio-ventricular valves
T The second heart sound is caused by closure of the aortic and pulmonary
Valves

Question 7: With respect to the conducting system of the heart

F The refractory period of the atrioventricular node is shorter than for normal
cardiac muscle fibres
F The sinoatrial node has an intrinsic rhythmic rate of 40-60 per minute
T The atrioventricular node has an intrinsic rhythmic rate of 40-60 per minute
T The Purkinje fibres have an intrinsic rhythmic rate of 15-40 per minute

Question 8: With respect to autonomic control of the heart

F Vagal stimulation has no effect on the rate of the rhythm of the sinoatrial
node
T Vagal stimulation decreases the excitability of the atrio-ventricular
junctional fibres
T Sympathetic stimulation increases the rate of the rhythm of the sinoatrial
node
F Sympathetic stimulation decreases the strength of myocardial contraction
Question 9: The following are important mechanisms in the short-term
maintenance of arterial pressure following haemorrhage
T Peripheral vasoconstriction
F Increased fluid retention by the kidneys
T Increased heart rate
F Increased venous return

Question 10: The following are produced locally in tissues and regulate
perfusion
T Prostaglandins
T Serotonin
F Adrenaline
F Noradrenaline

Question 11: With respect to the conducting system of the heart

T The sinoatrial node is the natural pacemaker
T Impulses are conducted from the sinoatrial node to the atrioventricular
node by three internodal pathways
F Impulses are conducted from the right atrium to the left atrium by the
Purkinje fibres
T There is a delay in the conduction of cardiac impulses at the atrioventricular
node

Question 12: During the cardiac cycle

F Pressure in the left ventricle must rise above 120mmHg to cause opening
of the aortic valve
F The period of rapid ejection occupies the first 70% of ventricular ejection
time
T The normal PR interval is about 0.16s
F The QT interval is the duration of ventricular relaxation

Question 13: Mean arterial pressure

T Is the average arterial pressure over a cardiac cycle
F Can be calculated from ½ (systolic minus diastolic pressure)
T Can be calculated from diastolic pressure + 1/3(pulse pressure)
F Can be calculated from the cardiac output X total peripheral resistance

Question 14: The following are associated with a decrease in cardiac output
F Pregnancy
F Anaemia
T Haemorrhage
F Hyperthyroidism

Question 15: During the cardiac cycle

F Blood flows into the atria only during atrial diastole
F Atrial contraction contributes 70% to ventricular filling
F Blood flows from the atria into the ventricles during systole
F Ventricular ejection occurs during the period of isometric contraction