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Jainism speaks about ALSOREAD
24thinthankaras.Mahavir was MODERATESANDEXTREMISTSININDIAN
HISTORY
the 24ththinthankara,who is Gautama Buddha and Buddhism ModeratesandExtremists
considered as the founder of Major Religions of the World DifferencesInTheAimsandMethodsof
Jainism. ModeratesandExtremistsALSOREAD...

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StatueofRishabha,thefirstTirthankaraand PAST15YEARSESSAYQUESTIONPAPERS
thetraditionalfounderofJainism IASCIVILSERVICESEXAMFOR2015
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CIVILSERVICESEXAMIASPRELIMSSYLLABUS
2016
UPSCIASPreliminaryExaminationSyllabus
Rishabha was the first thirthankara . 2016SyllabusofPaperI(200marks)Duration
:TwohoursCurrenteventsofnational...
Neminath and Parswanatha were the 22ndand 23rdThirthankaras respectively .
INDIANHERITAGEANDCULTUREFREE
NOTESANDSTUDYMATERIAL(21PDFs)FOR
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Vardhamana Mahavira was believed to have born in 540BC in Kundala Grana in SERVICESEXAM
Vaishali the capital of Vajji. DOWNLOADFREESTUDYMATERIALNOTES
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Mahavira Mahaviras mother was Trissala and Yasodha
was his wife. HOWTOREADNCERTBOOKSFORIASCIVIL
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He got Kaivalya at the age of 42 under a Sal examREADSTANDARDBOOKSFORBOTH
tree on the bank of river Rajpalika near
village Jimbhrikagrama.
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tree on the bank of river Rajpalika near
village Jimbhrikagrama. PRELIMSPLUSMAINSKnowingwhattoread
a...

Makhali Gosala was a companion of LISTOFBEST8HINDINEWSPAPERSFORIAS


Mahavir.Who leter foundedthe Ajivika sect. PREPARATION
Mahavir attained Nirvana at the age of 72 BEST8HINDINEWSPAPERSFORIAS
years at Pavapuri near Rajagriha in 468 BC PREPARATIONREADSTANDARDBOOKSFOR
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Ahimsa,Satya,Asateya,Aparigriha and
Brahmacharya are the five major principles
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of Jainism.
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Brahmacharya is the principle added by 2017
Mahavira. BOOKSFORIASPRELIMSAND
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Mahavira taught the three jewels of LISTOFALLRECOMMENDEDAND
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Jainism(Triratna)-Right faith,Right EXAM.Mos...
Sculpture of Mahavira knowledge,Right conduct. BESTGEOGRAPHYBOOKSFOR
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Knownfortwentyfourth Jainsim sacred texts are called Agamas.


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tirthankara
Jainsim sacred texts OptionalsubjectIASREAD
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The MAINSALSOREADBESTIASBOOKSB...
WifeYasodha
text IASPRELIMSQUESTIONPAPERS
had The Agamas were composed of the DOWNLOADPDF(20092014)
PredecessorParshva
to be following texts; DownloadPreviousYearsIAS
PrelimsGeneralStudiesQuestion
SuccessorNone mem papers(CSAT)(pdf)IASPrelimsQuestion
orize 12 Angas paper2009PrelimsGeneral...
d since jain monks and nuns were not MODERATESANDEXTREMISTSIN
allowed to possess religious books as part of 12-Upanga Agamas(text that INDIANHISTORY

their vow of non-accusation,nor were they provide further explanation of


Moderatesand
ExtremistsDifferencesInThe
allowed to write. Angas) AimsandMethodsofModeratesand
ExtremistsALSOREAD...
Around 500 AD Jain acharyas realized that it 6-Chedasutras(text related to the LISTOFNEWSPAPERSTOREAD
was extremely difficult to keep memorising conduct and behavior of monks and FORUPSCIASCSETHEHINDUIS
NOTENOUGH
the entire jain literature. nuns) LISTOFNEWSPAPERSTOREAD
FORUPSCIASCSETHEHINDUIS
In fact,significant knowledge was already lost 4-Mulasutras(Scriptures which NOTENOUGHREADALLBOOKSFORIAS
and the rest was polluted with modifications provide a base in the earlier stages READFEWBUTTHEBESTInthispo...
and errors. of the monkhood). PAST15YEARSESSAYQUESTION
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Hence they decided to document the Jain EXAMFOR2015
literature as known to them. 10-Prakirnaka Sutras(Text on ESSAY
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independent or miscellaneous STANDARDBOOKSFORBOTHPRELIMSPLUS
In this time period two major sects,namely subjects) and MAINSALSOREADBESTIASBOOKSB...
Digambar and Swetambar,were already in
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existence. 2-Culikasutras(The Scriptures SYLLABUS2016
which further enhance or decorate UPSCIASPreliminaryExaminationSyllabus
Athousand years later(1500 AD) the the meaning of Angas) 2016SyllabusofPaperI(200marks)
Swetambar sec Divided into three sub sects Duration:TwohoursCurrenteventsof
national...
known as Swetambar The texts contains the teaching of INDIANHERITAGEANDCULTURE
Murtipujak,Sthanakvasi, and Terapanthi. Mahavira. FREENOTESANDSTUDY
MATERIAL(21PDFs)FORUPSC
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Differences exist among these sects in their CIVILSERVICESEXAM
acceptance of validity of the documented Jain scriptures and literature's DOWNLOADFREESTUDYMATERIALNOTES
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First Jain council was held at Pataliputra in the fourth century BC under the
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leadership of Stulabahu.
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Third Jain council was held at Vallabhipur in 5thcentury AD under the leadership of LISTOFBEST8HINDI
Devardhi Ksharmasramana. NEWSPAPERSFORIAS
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Jainism was divided into two sects Swetambaras and Digambaras


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Jainism was divided into two sects Swetambaras and Digambaras after the first Jain BEST8HINDINEWSPAPERSFOR
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council. FORBOTHPRELIMSPLUSMAINSREADALSO
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