Socio Econ Data 2016 e

SRI LANKA SOCIO - ECONOMIC DATA 2016
CENTRAL BANK OF SRI LANKA

June 2016
SRI LANKA
SOCIO-ECONOMIC
DATA 2016
CENTRAL BANK OF SRI LANKA Vol. XXXIX

June 2016
SRI LANKA SOCIO-ECONOMIC DATA 2016 VOL. XXXIX
Statistics Department
Central Bank of Sri Lanka
Colombo, Sri Lanka.
Tel. : 011-2477377
Fax : 011-2477728
E-mail : dst@cbsl.lk
Web site : www.cbsl.gov.lk
ISSN : 1391 3557

June 2016
Printed at the Central Bank Printing Press, 58, Sri Jayawardenepura Mawatha, Rajagiriya, Sri Lanka.
Published by the Central Bank of Sri Lanka, Colombo 01, Sri Lanka
Contents
Page Page Page
COUNTRY PROFILE 2015 1 Provincial GDP Shares and Growth 50 Purchasing Managers Index (PMI) 74
KEY ECONOMIC INDICATORS 24 Provincial GDP by Economic Sector 51 Prices of Selected Food Items 7576
AGRICULTURE Wage Rate Indices 7778
COUNTRY COMPARISONS
World GDP by Regions 5 Production and Prices of Major Crops 52 EXTERNAL TRADE AND TOURISM
Demography 78 Annual Production Volume - Subsidiary Food Crops 53 Exports 79
National Accounts 910 Fish Production by Province 54 Imports 80
Agriculture and Industry 1213 National Livestock Statistics 55 Selected Exports 81
Social Indicators 1415 Agricultural Land Use 56 Selected Imports 82
Inflation 17 INDUSTRY Tourism 83
External Trade and Finance 1819 Industrial Production 57 EXTERNAL FINANCE
Monetary and Fiscal Indicators 2021 Energy 58 Balance of Payments 84
SOCIO ECONOMIC CONDITIONS Electricity Services by Province 59 Net Receipts of Foreign Assistance 85
All Island 2225 ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE Exchange Rates (end of period) 86
By Province 2012/13 2630 Public Health Services 60 GOVERNMENT FINANCE
By Sector 2009/10 -2012/13 3135 Education 61 Government Fiscal Operations 88
By Sector and Province 3637 Water Consumption and Revenue by Province 62 Government Revenue and Expenditure 89
Prosperity Index by Province 2007 - 2014 3839 Communications 63
MONEY BANKING AND FINANCE
HUMAN RESOURCES Telecommunication Services by Province 64
Monetary Developments 91
Demography 40 Postal Services by Province 66
Money Market Operations 93
Labour Force and Employment 4243 Transportation 67
Interest Rates 94
Labour Force and Unemployment 44 Regional Bus Companies Services by Province 68
Bank Branch Network 96
Foreign Employment 45 Private Operator Bus Services by Province 69
Operations of Commercial Banks 97
Motor Vehicles by Province 70
NATIONAL ACCOUNTS Licensed Specialised Banks 98
Port Services 71
Gross National Income 46 Selected Non-Bank Financial Institutions 99
Expenditure on Gross National Income 47 PRICES AND WAGES Mobilisation of Deposits 100
Quarterly Growth of GDP and GNI 48 Prices 7273 Share Market Indicators 101
iii
Contents Graphs
Page
World GDP Growth by Region 6

Per Capita Income (Selected Asian Countries) 11
Social Indicators (Selected Asian Countries) 16
Population & Population Growth 41
Gross Value Added at Basic Prices (Current) 49
Selected Socio Economic Indicators 65
Balance of Payments (% of GDP) 87
Fiscal Operations (% of GDP) 90
Growth of Money Supply 92
Selected Interest Rates 95
Macroeconomic Indicators 102
(a)
COUNTRY PROFILE 2015
Population (Mid-Year) (000) - 2015 (a) 20,966 Mid-Year Population Growth Rate (2015), % : 0.9
Land Area (Excluding Inland Waters) Sq. km. 62,705 GDP at Market Prices (d) : Rs.bn. 11,183 US$ bn 82.3
Population and Land Area by Provinces - 2015 GDP Per Capita at Market Prices (d) : Rs. 533,398 US$ 3,924
Province Population (b) Land Area Population Real GDP Growth Rate (d), % 4.8
000 (Sq. km.) Density (c) Composition of GDP (d), %
Western 5,979 3,593 1,664 Agriculture 7.9
Central 2,658 5,575 477 Industry 26.2
Southern 2,556 5,383 475 Services 56.6
Northern 1,094 8,290 132 Taxes less subsidies on products 9.3
Eastern 1,615 9,361 173 Rs. bn. % of GDP
North Western 2,448 7,506 326 Exports of Goods and Services 2,295 20.5
North Central 1,312 9,741 135 Imports of Goods and Services 3,126 28.0
Uva 1,316 8,335 158 Budget Deficit -829.5 -7.4
Sabaragamuwa 1,988 4,921 404 Money Stock M2b 4,565.9 37.4
Total 20,966 62,705 334
Unemployment Rate (2015), % of Labour Force : 4.7 (a)(e)
Composition of Population (2012 Census)
Inflation (2015) : Change of CCPI (Annual Avg.), % : 0.9
By Ethnicity % By Religion %
Change of NCPI (Annual Avg.), % : 3.8
Sinhalese 74.9 Buddhist 70.1
Life Expectancy (2014) : (Avg.) yrs. 74.9
Sri Lankan Tamil 11.2 Hindu 12.6
Literacy Rate (Aged 15 Years and Above) (2015), % : 93.2
Indian Tamil 4.1 Islam 9.7
Human Development Index (2014) : 0.757 (Min. : 0.0 ; Max. : 1.0)
Sri Lankan Moor 9.3 Christian &
Other 0.5 Roman Catholic 7.6 Temperature (2015) : C (F) Minimum Maximum
By Sector % (2012 Census) Other 0.0 Low Country 24.3 (75.7) 31.8 (89.2)
Urban 18.2Rural 77.4Estate 4.4 Hill Country 18.2 (64.8) 27.2 (81.0)
(a) Provisional (c) Persons per sq.km. (e) Data covers the entire island.
(b) Based on on the final report of the Census of (d) The data is based on the base year 2010 GDP
Population and Housing 2012. estimates of Department of Census and Statistics.
1
KEY ECONOMIC INDICATORS
Indicator 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a)
Population, 000 (Mid-Year) 20,869 (a) 20,424 (a) 20,579 (a) 20,771 (a) 20,966
Annual Population Growth, % 1.0 0.7 0.8 0.9 0.9
Density of Population, Persons per sq. km. 333 326 328 331 334
Labour Force Participation Rate, (% of Household Population) (b) 52.9 (a)(c) 52.5 (a)(c) 53.7 (a)(c) 53.2 (a)(c) 53.8
Unemployment Rate, (% of Labour Force) (b) 4.2 (a)(c) 4.0 (a)(c) 4.4 (a)(c) 4.3 (a)(c) 4.7
National Accounts (d)
GNI (Market Prices), Rs. bn. 7,147 8,578 9,366 10,212 (a)(c) 10,932
Per Capita GNI (Market Prices), Rs. 342,473 419,975 455,126 491,638 (a)(c) 521,412
US$ 3,097 3,291 3,525 3,766 (a)(c) 3,836
GDP (Market Prices), Rs. bn. 7,219 8,732 9,592 10,448 (a)(c) 11,183
Real GDP Growth Rate, % 8.4 9.1 3.4 4.9 (a)(c) 4.8
Investment and Savings (d), % of GDP
Investment 33.4 39.1 33.2 32.0 (a) 30.1
Domestic Savings 20.2 27.2 24.6 24.0 (a) 22.6
National Savings 26.3 33.3 29.9 29.5 (a) 27.8
Price Changes, %
Colombo Consumers Price Index (2006/07 = 100) (Annual Avg.) 6.7 7.6 6.9 3.3 0.9
National Consumer Price Index (2013 = 100) (Annual Avg.) 3.8
Wholesale Price Index (Annual Avg.) 10.6 3.5 9.2 3.2 1.0
Producers Price Index (2013 Q4 = 100) (Annual Avg.) 3.6
Implicit GNI Deflator (d) 3.8 10.9 6.2 3.9 (a)(c) 2.1
(a) Provisional (d) Based on the base year 2010 GDP estimates of Note : Household Population aged 15 years and above.
(b) Data covers the entire island. Department of Census and Statistics
(c) Revised
2
Indicator 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a) 2011 2012 2013 2014(b) 2015(a)
Government Finance Rs. billion % of GDP (c)
Revenue and Grants 983.0 1,067.5 1,153.3 1,204.6 1,460.9 13.6 12.2 12.0 11.5 13.1
Expenditure and Net Lending 1,433.2 1,556.5 1,669.4 1,795.9 2,290.4 19.9 17.8 17.4 17.2 20.5
Current Expenditure 1,024.9 1,131.0 1,205.2 1,322.9 1,701.7 14.2 13.0 12.6 12.7 15.2
Current Account Surplus (+) / Deficit (-) -57.0 -79.6 -67.7 -127.7 -246.8 -0.8 -0.9 -0.7 -1.2 -2.2
Budget Deficit -450.2 -489.0 -516.1 -591.2 -829.5 -6.2 -5.6 -5.4 -5.7 -7.4
Public Debt 5,133.4 6,000.1 6,793.2 7,390.9 8,503.2 71.1 68.7 70.8 70.7 76.0
Domestic Debt 2,804.1 3,232.8 3,832.8 4,277.8 4,959.2 38.8 37.0 40.0 40.9 44.3
Foreign Debt 2,329.3 2,767.3 2,960.4 3,113.1 3,544.0 32.3 31.7 30.9 29.8 31.7
Debt Service 895.4 1,017.5 1,162.9 1,076.3 1,317.0 12.4 11.7 12.1 10.3 11.8
Interest Payment 356.7 408.5 462.9 443.6 509.7 4.9 4.7 4.8 4.2 4.6
External Sector Rs. billion US dollars billion
Exports 1,167.6 1,245.5 1,344.1 1,453.2 1,425.8 10.6 9.8 10.4 11.1 10.5
Imports 2,241.5 2,441.9 2,323.1 2,535.2 2,572.5 20.3 19.2 18.0 19.4 18.9
Current Account Balance -511.1 -501.9 -324.0 -259.4 -274.6 -4.6 -4.0 -2.5 -2.0 -2.0
% of GDP (c) -7.8 -6.6 -3.4 -2.5 -2.5 -7.8 -6.7 -3.4 -2.5 -2.4
External Debt 3,730.0 4,717.3 5,217.7 5,623.8 6,453.6 32.7 37.1 39.9 42.9 44.8
% of GDP (c) 57.0 62.2 54.4 53.8 57.7 55.3 62.5 53.7 53.6 54.4
Debt Service Ratio (d), % 9.3 13.3 16.3 14.5 19.6 9.3 13.5 16.4 14.5 19.5
International Reserves 910.0 1,091.8 1,121.0 1,295.3 1,345.1 8.0 8.6 8.6 9.9 9.3
Exchange Rate (Average), Rs./US$ 110.57 127.60 129.11 130.56 135.94 _ _ _ _ _
Rs./SDR 174.54 195.38 196.19 198.35 190.16 _ _ _ _ _
(a) Provisional (c) GDP (Base year 2010)
(b) Revised (d) Debt service payments as a percentage of receipts from merchandise exports, services, income and private transfers.
3
Indicator 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a)

Monetary Aggregates
Reserve Money, Rs.bn. 439.5 484.4 488.6 577.9 673.4
Narrow Money M1, Rs.bn. 438.7 450.0 484.6 612.2 715.0
Change of M1, % 7.7 2.6 7.7 26.3 16.8
Broad Money M2b , Rs.bn. 2,491.7 2,929.1 3,417.9 3,875.9 4,565.9
Change of M2b , % 19.1 17.6 16.7 13.4 17.8
Money Multiplier for M2b, 5.67 6.05 7.00 6.71 6.78
Interest Rates (Year End), %
Treasury Bill Primary Yield 3 Months 8.68 10.00 7.54 5.74 6.45
Standing Deposit Facility Rate (b) 7.00 7.50 6.50 6.50 6.00
Standing Lending Facility Rate (b) 8.50 9.50 8.50 8.00 7.50
Treasury Bonds Two Year 7.77 13.62 6.70
Average Weighted Prime Lending Rate (monthly) 10.49 14.29 9.96 6.35 7.40
Call Money 8.759.10 9.509.85 7.507.75 6.006.50 6.40
NSB Savings 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00
Financial Institutions Assets, Rs.bn.
Central Bank 1,141.7 1,284.4 1,246.0 1,464.3 1,426.3
Commercial Banks (c) 3,157.7 3,757.4 4,328.3 4,855.9 5,698.5
Finance Companies 357.8 548.9 655.7 782.7 984.0
Unit Trusts (Net Assets) 22.5 30.9 54.4 125.9 129.4
Share Market
Market Capitalization, Rs.bn. (Year End) 2,213.9 2,167.6 2,459.9 3,104.9 2,938.0
All Share Price Index (Year End) 6,074.4 5,643.0 5,912.8 7,299.0 6,894.5
(a) Provisional (c) Includes only assets of the Domestic Banking Units
(b) Repurchase Rate and Reverse Repurchase Rate were renamed as Standing Deposit Facility Rate (DBUs) of commercial banks.
(SDFR) and Standing Lending Facility Rate (SLFR) respectively,with effect from 02nd January 2014.
4
GDP WORLD COMPARISON
Real GDP Growth, %
Region / Country
Average 19982007 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
World 4.2 4.2 3.5 3.3 3.4 3.1

Advanced Economies 2.8 1.7 1.2 1.2 1.8 1.9
USA 3.0 1.6 2.2 1.5 2.4 2.4
Japan 1.0 -0.5 1.7 1.4 0.0 0.5
Germany 1.7 3.7 0.6 0.4 1.6 1.5
Emerging and Developing Europe 4.2 5.4 1.2 2.8 2.8 3.5
Emerging and Developing Economies 5.8 6.3 5.3 4.9 4.6 4.0
Emerging and Developing Asia 7.6 7.8 6.9 6.9 6.8 6.6
China 9.9 9.5 7.7 7.7 7.3 6.9
Indonesia 2.7 6.2 6.0 5.6 5.0 4.8
India 7.1 6.6 5.6 6.6 7.2 7.3
Sri Lanka 5.0 8.4 9.1 3.4 4.9 4.8
Latin America and the Caribbean 3.1 4.9 3.2 3.0 1.3 -0.1
Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan and Pakistan 5.3 4.5 5.0 2.3 2.8 2.5
Sub-Saharan Africa 5.3 5.0 4.3 5.2 5.1 3.4
Sources : World Economic Outlook, April 2016, IMF
Department of Census and Statistics
5
World GDP Growth by Regions
8
2014
2015
6
Per cent
World Advanced Emerging & Latin America Middle East, Sub-Saharan Sri Lanka
Economies Developing and the Caribbean North Africa, Africa
Asia Afghanistan and
Pakistan
6
DEMOGRAPHY : SAARC COUNTRIES
Indicator Ref. Year Sri Lanka Afghanistan Bangladesh Bhutan India Maldives Nepal Pakistan
Mid-Year Population, Mn. 2000 19.1 21.0 129.3 0.6 1,019.0 0.3 22.6 140.0
2005 19.6 23.6 138.6 0.6 1,106.0 0.3 24.5 154.0
2010 20.7 26.0 148.6 0.7 1,186.0 0.4 26.3 173.5
2014 20.8 28.1 155.8 0.7 1,267.0 0.4 27.8 188.0
Population Growth, % 2010 1.0 2.0 1.4 1.8 1.4 2.3 1.4 2.1
2014 0.9 2.2 1.4 1.7 1.2 3.6 1.4 2.0
Density of Population
[Persons per sq. km.] 2014 334 (a) 43 1,060 19 393 2,739 187 236
Population by Age Groups, %
0 14 Years 2014 25.2 (a) 44.9 30.0 27.4 29.2 27.6 33.5 35.2
15 64 Years 2014 66.9 (a) 52.7 65.1 67.6 65.3 67.7 61.1 60.3
65 Years and above 2014 7.9 (a) 2.4 5.0 5.0 5.5 4.7 5.4 4.5
Urban Population, % 2014 18.2 (b) 24.4 32.0 38.1 30.8 40.5 (c) 17.0 (d) 38.6
Crude Birth Rate, per 1,000 2013 16.0 (a) 34.1 20.0 19.6 20.4 22.0 21.0 25.2
Crude Death Rate, per 1,000 2013 6.3 (a) 7.8 5.7 6.5 7.9 3.4 6.7 6.9
Total Fertility Rate, Births per Woman 2013 2.3 4.9 2.2 2.2 2.5 2.3 2.3 3.2
Infant Mortality Rate
[per 1,000 Live Births] 2013 8 70 33 30 41 8 32 69
Maternal Mortality Rate
[per 100,000 Live Births] 2013 29 400 170 120 190 31 190 170
Expectation of Life at Birth, Years 2014 74.9 60.4 71.6 69.5 68.0 76.8 69.6 66.2
Sources : Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2015, ADB Department of Census and Statistics
(a) 2015 (b) 2012 (c) 2010 (d) 2011 Human Development Report 2015, UNDP Registrar Generals Department
World Development Indicators 2015
7
DEMOGRAPHY : SELECTED EAST ASIAN COUNTRIES
Indicator Ref. Year Indonesia Malaysia Philippines Rep. of Korea Singapore Thailand
Mid-Year Population, Mn. 2000 206.3 23.5 76.8 47.0 4.0 62.2
2005 219.9 26.0 84.7 48.1 4.3 64.1
2010 238.5 28.6 92.3 49.4 5.1 65.9
2014 252.2 30.3 99.1 50.4 5.5 67.0
Population Growth, % 2010 2.7 1.8 1.7 0.5 1.8 0.6

2014 1.3 1.2 1.7 0.4 1.3 0.4
Density of Population
[Persons per sq. km.] 2014 132 92 330 504 7,615 131
Population By Age Groups, %
0 14 Years 2014 28.0 25.0 32.2 14.3 15.9 18.0
15 64 Years 2014 66.9 69.4 63.3 73.0 73.1 71.9
65 Years and above 2014 5.1 5.6 4.5 12.7 11.1 10.1
Urban Population, % 2014 53.0 73.0 (a) 49.1 (b) 82.4 100.0 44.5 (a)
Crude Birth Rate, per 1,000 2013 18.8 17.7 24.4 8.6 9.3 10.2
Crude Death Rate, per 1,000 2013 6.2 4.7 6.0 5.3 4.6 7.7
Total Fertility Rate, Births per Woman 2013 2.3 2.0 3.0 1.2 1.2 1.4
Infant Mortality Rate
[per 1,000 Live Births] 2013 25 7 24 3 2 11
Maternal Mortality Rate
[per 100,000 Live Births] 2013 190 29 120 27 6 26
Expectation of Life at Birth, Years 2014 68.9 74.7 68.2 81.9 83.0 74.4
(a) 2013 Sources : Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2015, ADB World Development Indicators 2015
(b) 2012 Human Development Report 2015, UNDP
8
NATIONAL ACCOUNTS : SAARC COUNTRIES
Indicator Ref. Year Sri Lanka (a) Afghanistan Bangladesh Bhutan India Maldives Nepal Pakistan
Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Mn.US$ (b) 2011 65,293 19,169 123,507 1,820 1,756,064(c) 2,163 18,467 204,389(c)
2012 68,434 21,331 128,898 1,824 1,731,394(c) 2,224 17,927 207,308(c)
2013 74,294 21,617 153,505 1,781 1,787,969(c) 2,307 18,227 211,521(c)
2014 80,028(d)(e) 21,121 173,066 1,892,551(c) 2,569 19,508 236,439(c)
GDP Per Capita (b), US$ 2011 3,129 723 825 2,570 1,551 5,323 694 1,195
2012 3,351 790 850 2,531 1,514 5,296 664 1,188
2013 3,610 786 999 2,430 1,548 5,309 666 1,194
2014 3,853(d)(e) 752 1,111 1,622 5,709 703 1,319
GDP Per Capita at PPP, US$ 2014 10,461 2,324 3,173 8,077 5,890 9,779 2,432 4,714
Real GDP Growth, % 2012 9.1 10.9 6.5 5.1 5.1 1.3 4.8 3.8
2013 3.4 6.4 6.0 2.0 6.9 4.7 4.1 3.7
2014 4.9(d)(e) 2.2 6.1 7.3 6.8 5.4 4.0
Composition of GDP, % (b)(f)
Agriculture 2014 8.0(d)(e) 25.2(c) 16.1(g) n.a. 17.0(c) 3.5 32.5 25.0(c)
Industry 2014 28.6(d)(e) 21.7(c) 27.6(g) n.a. 30.0(c) 18.1 15.1 20.9(c)
Services 2014 56.7(d)(e) 53.1(c) 56.3(g) n.a. 53.0(c) 78.4 52.4 54.1(c)
Consumption, Investment and Savings, % of GDP (b)
Private Consumption 2014 67.7(e) 80.5 72.6 n.a. 60.1 n.a. n.a. 80.7
Government Consumption 2014 8.3(e) 12.4 5.3 n.a. 11.4 n.a. n.a. 10.8
Gross Domestic Capital Formation 2014 32.0(e) 17.7 28.6 n.a. 30.8 n.a. n.a. 15.0
Gross Domestic Savings 2014 24.0(e) 7.1 22.1 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 8.5
Gross National Savings 2014 29.5(e) n.a. 29.2 n.a. n.a. n.a. 45.1 22.3
(a) The data is based on the base year 2010 GDP estimates of (f) For Sri Lanka, excluding taxes less subsidies on products Sources : Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2015, ADB
the Department of Census and Statistics. (GDP = the sum of the gross value added at basic prices, plus Department of Census and Statistics
(b) Estimates at current market prices. all taxes on products, less all subsidies on products).
(c) Estimates at current factor cost prices. (g) Estimates at current producers prices
(d) Revised (e) Provisional n.a. Not available
9
NATIONAL ACCOUNTS : SELECTED EAST ASIAN COUNTRIES
Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Mn.US$ (a) 2011 892,970 297,952 224,143 1,202,455 275,365 370,589
2012 917,872 314,443 250,091 1,222,776 289,936 397,484
2013 910,479 323,343 271,929 1,305,548 302,246 420,165
2014 888,540 338,104 284,778 1,410,330 307,860 404,834
GDP Per Capita (a), US$ 2011 3,690 10,252 2,380 24,156 53,121 5,597
2012 3,740 10,656 2,611 24,454 54,577 5,978
2013 3,659 10,809 2,792 25,997 55,979 6,294
2014 3,524 11,173 2,874 27,970 56,284 6,042
GDP Per Capita at PPP, US$ 2014 10,613 25,499 6,991 34,356 82,763 15,929
Growth Rate of Real GDP, % 2012 6.0 5.5 6.7 2.3 3.4 7.3
2013 5.6 4.7 7.1 2.9 4.4 2.8
2014 5.0 6.0 6.1 3.3 2.9 0.9
Sectoral Composition of GDP, % (a)
Agriculture 2014 13.7 9.0 (b) 11.3 2.3 0.0 10.5
Industry 2014 42.9 40.4 (b) 31.4 38.2 24.9 36.8
Services 2014 43.3 50.6 (b) 57.3 59.4 75.0 52.7
Consumption, Investment and Savings, % of GDP (a)
Private Consumption 2014 56.1 52.4 72.4 50.4 36.8 52.3
Government Consumption 2014 9.5 13.3 10.4 15.1 10.0 17.1
Gross Domestic Capital Formation 2014 34.7 25.0 20.9 29.2 27.6 24.1
Gross Domestic Savings 2014 34.4 34.3 17.2 34.5 52.1 30.7
Gross National Savings 2014 31.7 29.3 39.0 34.9 46.7 27.4
(a) Estimates at current market prices. (b) Estimates at current producers prices. Source : Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2015, ADB
10
Per Capita Income (Selected Asian Countries)
27,000
GDP Per Capita, US $ (2014)

21,000 GDP Per Capita PPP, US $ (2014)
15,000
US $
9,000
3,000
Sri Lanka Pakistan Nepal Bangladesh Philippines Indonesia Thailand Malaysia
11
AGRICULTURE AND INDUSTRY : SAARC COUNTRIES
Ref. Sri Afgha- Bangla- Mal-
Indicator Bhutan India Nepal Pakistan
Year Lanka nistan desh dives
Agriculture
Arable Land (Agricultural), % of Total Land Area 2013 20.7 11.9 59.0 2.6 52.8 13.0 14.7 39.5
Forest Area, % of Total Land Area 2015 33.0 2.1 11.0 72.3 23.8 3.3 25.4 1.9
Permanent Cropland, % of Total Land Area 2013 15.9 0.2 6.4 0.3 4.4 10.0 1.5 1.1
Arable Land Per Capita, Hectares 2013 0.06 0.25 0.05 0.13 0.12 0.01 0.08 0.17
Share of Agriculture in GDP, % (a) 2014 8.0 (b)(c) 25.2 (d) 16.1 (e) n.a. 17.0 (d) 3.5 32.5 25.0 (d)
Index of Agricultural Production (20042006 = 100) 2013 136.1 119.9 136.0 97.2 139.8 63.5 130.4 94.2
Paddy Production / World Paddy Production (f), % 2014 0.46 0.07 7.05 0.01 21.22 0.68 0.95
Yield of Paddy Production per Hectare, kg. 2014 3,838 2,441 4,419 3,764 3,622 3,394 2,423
Per Capita Paddy Production, kg. 2014 158 17 330 100 124 179 38
Industry
Share of Manufacturing in GDP, % (a) 2014 17.6 (b)(c) 11.2 16.6 17.2 5.1 5.8 13.9
Index of Manufacturing 2014 n.a. n.a. 213.2 (g) n.a. 186.0 (h) n.a. 124.1 (i) 121.7 (g)
Electricity Consumption Per Capita, kWh 2012 562 (j) 81 (k) 280 977 (l) 760 531 (m) 120 450
Energy Use (kilotons of oil equivalent) 2012 11,268 n.a. 33,172 1,366 (n) 788,126 292 (n) 10,100 85,758
(a) Estimates at current market prices ( g) 2005/06 = 100 Sources : Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2015, ADB
(b) Provisional (h) 2004/05 = 100 World Development Indicators 2015
(c) Revised (i) 2009/10 = 100 FAOSTAT Database Access website
(d) Estimates at current factor cost prices (j) 2015 (k) 2013 (www.faostat.fao.org)
(e) Estimates at current producers prices (l) 2005 (m) 2014 Department of Census and Statistics
(f) World Paddy Production 2014 : 740,955,972 MT (n) 2010 n.a. Not available
12
AGRICULTURE AND INDUSTRY : SELECTED EAST ASIAN COUNTRIES
Philip- Rep. of
Indicator Ref. Year Indonesia Malaysia Singapore Thailand
pines Korea
Agriculture
Arable Land (Agricultural), % of Total Land Area 2013 13.0 2.9 18.7 15.3 0.8 32.9
Forest Area, % of Total Land Area 2015 50.2 67.6 27.0 63.4 23.1 32.1
Permanent Cropland, % of Total Land Area 2013 12.4 20.1 17.9 2.2 0.1 8.8
Arable Land Per Capita, Hectares 2013 0.09 0.03 0.06 0.03 0.00 0.25
Share of Agriculture in GDP, % (a) 2014 13.7 9.0 (b) 11.3 2.3 0.0 10.5
Index of Agricultural Production (20042006 = 100) 2013 136.8 121.5 121.0 103.9 112.1 128.2
Paddy Production / World Paddy Production (c), % 2014 9.56 0.36 2.56 0.76 4.40
Yield of Paddy Production per Hectare, kg. 2014 5,135 3,835 4,002 6,913 3,011
Per Capita Paddy Production, kg. 2014 280 88 189 114 485
Industry
Share of Manufacturing in GDP, % (a) 2014 21.0 22.9 20.6 27.6 17.4 27.7
Index of Manufacturing 2014 120.4 (d) 123.0 (e) 122.7 (f) 108.3 (d) 104.7 (g) 167.7 (f)
Electricity Consumption Per Capita, kWh 2012 730 4,310 670 10,350 8,690 2,480
Energy Use (kilotons of oil equivalent) 2012 213,587 81,234 42,551 263,442 25,053 126,557
( a) Estimates at current market prices ( d) 2010 = 100 (f) 2000 = 100 Sources : Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2015, ADB
(b) Estimates at current producers prices (e) 2005 = 100 (g) 2011 = 100 World Development Indicators 2015
(c) World Paddy Production 2014 : 740,955,972 MT FAOSTAT Database Access website
(www.faostat.fao.org)
13
SOCIAL INDICATORS : SAARC COUNTRIES
Afgha- Bangla-
Indicator Ref. Year Sri Lanka Bhutan India Maldives Nepal Pakistan
nistan desh
Human Development Index (a)
(Max.: 1.000 ; Min.: 0.000) 2014 0.757 0.465 0.570 0.605 0.609 0.706 0.548 0.538
Literacy Rate, % : Male 2013 94.1 (b) 45.4 (c) 62.5 (d) n.a. 75.2 (e) 98.4 (e) 71.1 (c) 67.0 (c)
(15 years and over) Female 92.4 (b) 17.6 (c) 55.1 (d) n.a. 50.8 (e) 98.4 (e) 46.7 (c) 42.0 (c)
Labour Force Participation Rate, % Male 2013 74.7 (f) 79.5 84.1 77.2 79.9 77.5 87.1 82.9
Female 35.9 (f) 15.8 57.4 66.7 27.0 56.2 79.9 24.6
Unemployment Rate, % 2014 4.7 (f) n.a. 4.3 (g) 2.9 (g) 2.8 (c) n.a. n.a. 6.0
Employment (% of total employment) Agriculture 2013 28.7 (f) n.a. 77.6 56.3 47.2 n.a. n.a. 43.7
Industry 2013 25.8 (f) n.a. n.a. 11.0 24.7 n.a. n.a. 14.1
Services 2013 45.6 (f) n.a. n.a. 32.7 28.1 n.a. n.a. 42.2
Population below the Income Poverty Line, % (h) 20042014 n.a. 35.8 31.5 12.0 21.9 n.a. 25.2 22.3
Physicians, per 10,000 population 2013 9.3 (f) 2.7 3.6 (c) 2.6 (d) 7.0 (d) 14.2 (i) n.a. 8.3 (i)
Hospital Beds, per 10,000 people 2013 37.0 (f) 5.0 (d) 6.0 (c) 18.0 (d) 7.0 (c) 43.0 (j) 50.0 (e) 60.0 (d)
Internet Subscriptions, per 100 persons 2014 20 (f) 0 12 33 12 56 8 11
Telephones, per 1,000 persons (Main Lines) 2014 124 (f) 3 7 31 21 61 30 26
Telephones, per 1,000 persons (Mobile Phones) 2014 1,287 (f) 749 759 821 745 1,894 825 733
(a) A composite index of life expectancy, education and income. Sources : Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2015, ADB
(b) 2015 provisional data. Human Development Report 2015, UNDP
(c) 2011 (d) 2012 (e) 2006 (f) 2015 (g) 2013 Department of Census and Statistics
(h) National Poverty Line (Data refer to the most recent year available during the period specified) Central Bank of Sri Lanka
(i) 2010 (j) 2009 n.a. Not available
14
SOCIAL INDICATORS : SELECTED EAST ASIAN COUNTRIES
Human Development Index (a)

(Max.: 1.000 ; Min.: 0.000) 2014 0.684 0.779 0.668 0.898 0.912 0.726
Literacy Rate, % : Male 2013 94.0 (b) 95.4 (c) 95.0 (d) n.a. 98.5 (e) 95.6 (c)
(15 years and over) Female 86.8 (b) 90.7 (c) 95.8 (d) n.a. 94.4 (e) 91.5 (c)
Labour Force Participation Rate, % Male 2013 84.2 75.5 79.7 72.1 77.2 80.7
Female 51.4 44.4 51.1 50.1 58.8 64.3
Unemployment Rate, % 2014 5.9 (f) 3.1 (f) 7.1 (f) 3.5 2.6 0.7 (f)
Employment (% of total employment) Agriculture 2013 35.0 13.0 31.0 6.1 0.1 41.7
Industry 2013 14.3 17.6 8.9 16.8 13.8 15.0
Services 2013 50.6 69.4 60.0 77.2 86.0 43.2
Population below the Income Poverty Line, % (g) 20042014 11.3 n.a. 25.2 n.a. n.a. 12.6
Physicians, per 10,000 population 2013 2.0 (e) 12.0 (c) n.a. 21.4 (e) 19.5 3.9 (c)
Hospital Beds, per 10,000 people 2013 9.0 (e) 19.0 (e) 10.0 (b) 103.0 (f) 20.0 (b) 21.0 (c)
Internet Subscriptions, per 100 persons 2014 12 101 232 388 278 82
Telephones, per 1,000 persons (Main Lines) 2014 117 146 31 595 355 85
Telephones, per 1,000 persons (Mobile Phones) 2014 1,262 1,488 1,112 1,155 1,581 1,444
(a) A composite index of life expectancy, education and income. Sources : Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2015, ADB
(b) 2011 (c) 2010 (d) 2008 (e) 2012 (f) 2013 Human Development Report 2015, UNDP
(g) National Poverty Line (Data refer to the most recent year available during the period specified).
n.a. Not available
15
Social Indicators (Selected Asian Countries)
100
Literacy Rate, % (20052013)
Life Expectancy, Years (2014)
80
60
40
20
0
Sri Lanka Pakistan India Bangladesh Philippines Indonesia Thailand Malaysia
Sri Lanka Pakistan India Bangladesh Philippines Indonesia Thailand Malaysia
Literacy Rate, % (20052013) 91.2 54.7 62.8 58.8 95.4 92.8 96.4 93.1
Life Expectancy, Years (2014) 74.9 66.2 68.0 71.6 68.2 68.9 74.4 74.7
16
(a)
INFLATION : SELECTED COUNTRIES
Percentage
Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
SAARC Countries
Sri Lanka (b) 6.2 6.7 7.6 6.9 3.3 0.9
Afghanistan 2.2 11.8 6.4 7.4 4.7 -1.5
Bangladesh 9.4 11.5 6.2 7.5 7.0 6.4
Bhutan 4.8 8.6 10.1 8.6 9.6 7.2
India 9.5 9.5 9.9 9.4 5.9 4.9
Maldives 6.2 11.3 10.9 4.0 2.5 1.4
Nepal 9.6 9.6 8.3 9.9 9.0 7.2
Pakistan 10.1 13.7 11.0 7.4 8.6 4.5
East Asian Countries (Selected)
Indonesia 5.1 5.3 4.0 6.4 6.4 6.4
Malaysia 1.7 3.2 1.7 2.1 3.1 2.1
Philippines 3.8 4.7 3.2 2.9 4.2 1.4
Republic of Korea 2.9 4.0 2.2 1.3 1.3 0.7
Singapore 2.8 5.2 4.6 2.4 1.0 -0.5
Thailand 3.3 3.8 3.0 2.2 1.9 -0.9
Industrial Countries (Selected)
Japan -0.7 -0.3 0.0 0.4 2.7 0.8
United Kingdom (c) 3.3 4.5 2.8 2.6 1.5 0.1
United States 1.6 3.1 2.1 1.5 1.6 0.1
(a) Percentage change in annual average of Consumer Price Index. Sources : World Economic Outlook, April 2016, IMF
(b) Based on Colombo Consumers Price Index (2006/07 = 100) Department of Census and Statistics
(c) Based on Eurostats Harmonized Index of Consumer Prices.
17
EXTERNAL TRADE AND FINANCE : SAARC COUNTRIES
Ref. Sri Afgha- Bangla
Indicator Bhutan India Maldives Nepal Pakistan
Year Lanka nistan -desh
Exports, Mn. US $ 2014 11,130 319,695 145 975 24,714

Exports Per Capita, US $ 2014 536 252 414 35 133
Imports, Mn. US $ 2014 19,417 461,232 1,993 7,570 45,801
Imports Per Capita, US $ 2014 935 364 5,693 269 247
Export / Import Ratio 2014 0.57 0.69 0.07 0.13 0.54
Balance of Trade (a), Mn. US $ 2014 -8,287 -141,537 -1,848 -6,595 -21,087
Current Account Balance, Mn. US $ 2014 -1,988 -471 -31,289 -191 -3,544
Total Reserves Minus Gold, Mn. US $ 2014 7,316 6,681 21,785 1,245 303,455 627 6,027 11,807
External Debt, Mn. US $ 2013 39,905 2,577 27,804 1,480 427,562 821 3,833 56,461
External Debt Service / Export Ratio (b), % 2013 26.8 0.6 5.2 11.0 8.6 2.5 8.7 26.3
Exchange Rate (c)
(Domestic Currency / US $) 2014 130.56 57.25 77.64 61.03 61.03 15.38 99.53 101.10
(a) Exports less imports. Sources : International Financial Statistics, Yearbook 2015, IMF
Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2015, ADB
(b) Total debt service includes principal and interest payments on long-term debt,
interest payments on short-term debt, and IMF repurchases and charges.
(c) Units of domestic currency (annual average) per US dollar.
18
EXTERNAL TRADE AND FINANCE : SELECTED EAST ASIAN COUNTRIES
Exports, Mn. US $ 2014 176,341 234,082 61,885 572,665 409,536 225,206

Exports Per Capita, US $ 2014 698 7,754 618 11,567 74,191 3,350
Imports, Mn. US $ 2014 178,182 208,688 67,551 525,515 366,016 228,156
Imports Per Capita, US $ 2014 705 6,912 675 10,614 66,307 3,394
Export / Import Ratio 2014 0.99 1.12 0.92 1.09 1.12 0.99
Balance of Trade (a), Mn. US $ 2014 -1,841 25,394 -5,666 47,150 43,520 -2,950
Current Account Balance, Mn. US $ 2014 12,650 89,220 58,772 13,123
Total Reserves Minus Gold, Mn. US $ 2014 108,836 114,572 72,057 358,785 256,643 151,253
External Debt, Mn. US $ 2013 259,069 213,129 60,609 425,449 135,379
External Debt Service / Exports Ratio (b), % 2013 19.4 3.5 7.7 4.4
Exchange Rate (c)
(Domestic Currency / US $) 2014 11,865.00 3.27 44.40 1,053.00 1.27 32.48
(a) Exports less imports. Sources : International Financial Statistics, Year Book 2015, IMF
Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2015, ADB
(b) Total debt service includes principal and interest payments on long-term debt,
interest payments on short-term debt, and IMF repurchases and charges.
(c) Units of domestic currency (annual average) per US dollar.
19
MONETARY AND FISCAL INDICATORS : SAARC COUNTRIES
Indicator Ref. Year Sri Lanka Afghanistan Bangladesh Bhutan India Maldives Nepal Pakistan
Reserve Money, Mn. US $ 2014 4,410 4,680 17,851 549 278,845 812 4,051 27,509
Narrow Money, Mn. US $ 2014 4,671 6,644 18,991 684 345,418 727 3,567 79,671
Broad Money, Mn. US $ 2014 26,407 6,945 95,094 1,184 1,610,764 1,764 16,931 129,686
Broad Money, % of GDP 2014 33.1 33.2 55.2 88.3 68.8 86.7 54.5
Change of Money (a), % Narrow Money 2014 26.3 9.5 15.1 27.0 9.9 7.5 6.7 12.7
Broad Money 2014 13.1 8.3 13.3 25.9 10.6 14.7 16.1 11.6
Composition of Broad Money, %
Currency 2014 9.5 46.9 11.0 9.0 13.1 9.9 14.5 22.2
Demand Deposits 2014 8.2 48.7 9.2 53.6 8.6 31.4 8.1 56.4
Quasi-Money 2014 82.3 4.3 79.8 37.4 78.3 58.8 77.3 21.4
Causal Factors in Broad Money, Mn. US $
Net Foreign Assets 2014 2,428 8,423 20,534 851 347,709 815 6,030 9,688
Domestic Credit 2014 29,937 -496 81,837 826 1,590,179 1,689 13,228 105,006
Net Other Items 2014 -5,958 -982 -12,488 -676 -268,010 -740 -3,499 -17,431
Money Multiplier (b)
for Narrow Money 2014 1.1 1.4 1.1 1.2 1.2 0.9 0.9 2.9
for Broad Money 2014 6.0 1.5 5.3 2.2 5.8 2.2 4.2 4.7
Income Velocity of Money (c)
of Narrow Money 2014 19.8 3.1 9.1 5.3 3.5 5.5 3.0
of Broad Money 2014 3.2 3.0 1.8 1.1 1.5 1.2 1.8
Fiscal Operation Indicators, % of GDP
Revenue 2014 11.4 8.3 10.4 20.2 (d) 9.3 36.7 18.3 14.5
Total Expenditure 2014 17.2 24.8 14.0 35.0 (d) 13.4 41.7 19.6 20.5
Budget Surplus (+) / Deficit (-) 2014 -5.7 -1.7 3.6 -4.1 (d) -4.1 -4.0 -0.1 -4.8
(a) Percentage change of amounts in domestic currency. (c) Ratio of GDP to Money. Sources : International Financial Statistics, Year Book 2015, IMF
(b) Ratio of Money to Reserve Money. (d) 2013 data Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2015, ADB
20
MONETARY AND FISCAL INDICATORS : SELECTED EAST ASIAN COUNTRIES
Reserve Money, Mn. US $ 2014 79,849 35,697 52,086 106,244 41,782 48,888
Narrow Money, Mn. US $ 2014 75,741 99,118 51,980 532,905 121,265 51,006
Broad Money, Mn. US $ 2014 335,476 434,035 202,971 1,889,597 387,843 509,944
Broad Money, % of GDP 2014 39.6 137.1 71.6 139.9 131.4 127.8
Change of Money (a), % Narrow Money 2014 6.2 5.8 13.4 13.6 3.6 1.2
Broad Money 2014 11.9 6.9 12.4 8.1 3.3 4.6
Composition of Broad Money, %
Currency 2014 10.0 4.4 9.6 3.1 6.1 7.1
Demand Deposits 2014 12.5 18.0 21.7 25.1 25.1 2.9
Quasi-Money 2014 77.4 77.6 68.7 71.8 68.7 90.0
Causal Factors in Broad Money, Mn. US $
Net Foreign Assets 2014 88,907 143,821 84,096 389,042 219,284 151,409
Domestic Credit 2014 351,929 441,659 158,079 2,091,945 372,832 508,919
Net Other Items 2014 -105,386 -140,902 39,321 -591,389 -204,273 -150,423
Money Multiplier (b)
for Narrow Money 2014 0.9 2.8 1.0 5.0 2.9 1.0
for Broad Money 2014 4.2 12.2 3.9 17.8 9.3 10.4
Income Velocity of Money (c)
of Narrow Money 2014 11.2 3.2 5.5 2.5 2.4 7.8
of Broad Money 2014 2.5 0.7 1.4 0.7 0.8 0.8
Fiscal Operation Indicators, % of GDP
Revenue 2014 14.7 19.9 15.1 21.6 21.9 (d) 17.5
Total Expenditure 2014 16.8 23.3 15.6 21.0 13.8 (d) 19.9
Budget Surplus (+) / Deficit (-) 2014 -2.1 -3.4 -0.6 0.6 8.1 (d) -2.3
(a) Percentage change of amounts in domestic currency. (c) Ratio of GDP to Money. Sources : International Financial Statistics, Year Book 2015, IMF
(b) Ratio of Money to Reserve Money. (d) 2013 data Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2015, ADB
21
SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONDITIONS : Income Distribution
Item 1953 1963 1973 1978/79 1981/82 1986/87(a) 1996/97(a) 2003/04(b)
Average Income per Month, Rs.

Per Spending Unit 169 193 311 921 1,652 2,728 8,744 15,400
Per Income Receiver 108 134 228 606 1,108 1,817 5,760 10,754
Income Shares by Deciles of Income Receivers, %
1st Decile 1.51 1.17 1.80 1.19 1.17 1.09 1.27 1.07
2nd Decile 3.56 2.70 3.17 2.57 2.45 2.45 2.77 2.52
3rd Decile 3.56 3.56 4.38 3.57 3.41 3.40 3.86 4.10
4th Decile 4.37 4.57 5.70 4.80 4.53 4.39 4.93 4.20
5th Decile 5.71 5.55 7.10 5.93 5.53 5.69 6.10 5.76
6th Decile 6.31 6.82 8.75 7.37 6.86 6.79 7.44 7.30
7th Decile 7.94 8.98 10.56 9.10 8.54 8.37 9.12 8.70
8th Decile 10.39 11.46 12.65 11.36 10.68 11.08 11.55 11.20
9th Decile 14.16 16.01 15.91 15.36 14.87 15.37 15.68 15.47
10th Decile 42.49 39.24 29.98 38.73 41.93 41.37 37.28 39.70
Gini Coefficient (One Month Income)
Spending Units 0.46 0.45 0.35 0.43 0.45 0.46 0.43 0.46
Income Receivers 0.50 0.49 0.41 0.50 0.52 0.52 0.48 0.50
(a) Excluding Northern and Eastern Provinces. Source : Consumer Finances and Socio-Economic Survey Series
(b) Excluding Mannar, Kilinochchi and Mullaitivu Districts. of the Central Bank of Sri Lanka
22
SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONDITIONS : Consumer Expenditure
Item 1953 1963 1973 1978/79 1981/82 1986/87(a) 1996/97(a) 2003/04(b)
Total Consumer Expenditure per Month, Rs.

Per Spending Unit 162 191 310 877 1,570 2,175 8,592 15,471
Per Person 34 36 58 179 318 534 2,012 3,936
Consumer Expenditure Shares, %
Food 59.9 56.3 55.4 56.7 56.5 52.2 48.4 37.9
Rice 10.5 10.9 15.0 14.9 15.7 12.5 9.9 6.9
Wheat Flour 2.2 2.0 2.4 2.2 1.7 1.1 0.8 0.5
Bread 1.5 3.7 3.2 3.6 3.5 2.9 2.3 1.3
Meat 0.8 3.0 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.5 1.5
Condiments 2.8 4.7 4.7 4.7 5.1 5.0 4.3 3.3
Coconut 4.1 6.0 4.6 3.7 3.7 3.5 3.5 2.5
Milk 3.3 2.9 8.4 5.2 4.5 4.5 3.3 2.7
Sugar 2.2 3.9 4.1 3.9 3.6 3.2 2.2 1.2
Clothing and Apparel 7.9 9.6 7.6 10.6 7.7 7.6 6.3 8.3
Housing 3.6 7.3 6.8 5.8 5.9 7.8 10.8 10.7
Medical 1.3 2.8 1.6 1.7 1.6 2.2 2.4 3.4
Education 2.0 1.8 2.2 1.6 1.6 2.1 2.3 3.0
Transport and Communication 2.6 2.3 3.4 4.5 3.9 4.9 5.3 8.8
Fuel and Light 2.0 4.4 4.2 3.9 5.2 4.6 3.9 4.4
Consumer Durables 3.2 0.4 6.0 4.6 6.4 5.2 6.7 8.9
Interest on Debt 0.7 0.8 0.1 0.4 0.5 0.9 2.1 1.5
Other 16.8 14.3 12.7 10.2 10.7 12.5 11.8 13.1
(a) Excluding Northern and Eastern Provinces. Source : Consumer Finances and Socio-Economic Survey Series
(b) Excluding Mannar, Kilinochchi and Mullaitivu Districts. of the Central Bank of Sri Lanka
23
SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONDITIONS : National Level Findings of the Household Income and Expenditure Survey (HIES)
by Survey Period - Sri Lanka
HIES Survey Period
Variable Unit
1980/81 1985/86 1990/91 1995/96 2002 2005 2006/07 2009/10 2012/13
Household size Nos. 4.9 5.1 4.9 4.5 4.2 4.1 4.1 4.0 3.9
Mean household income per month Rs. 881 2,012 3,549 6,476 12,803 20,048 26,286 36,451 45,878
Median household income per month Rs. 642 1,322 2,547 3,793 8,482 13,617 16,735 23,746 30,814
Mean per capita income per month Rs. 180 395 724 1,439 3,056 4,896 6,463 9,104 11,819
Income receivers mean income per month Rs. 469 941 1,819 3,367 6,959 10,563 14,457 20,427 25,963
No. of income receivers per household Nos. 1.6 2.0 2.0 1.8 1.8 1.9 1.8 1.8 1.8
Mean household expenditure per month Rs. 1,232 2,079 3,905 6,525 13,147 19,151 22,952 31,331 41,444
Expenditure on food and drink Rs. 801 1,198 2,377 3,552 5,848 7,593 8,641 13,267 15,651
Expenditure on nonfood items
(excluding liquor, narcotic drugs and tobacco) Rs. 377 802 1,384 2,753 6,993 11,079 13,819 17,399 25,088
Expenditure on liquor, narcotic drugs and tobacco Rs. 54 79 144 219 306 479 492 655 705
Gini coefficient of household income 0.43 0.46 0.43 0.46 0.47 0.47 0.49 0.49 0.48
Gini coefficient of household expenditure 0.36 0.41 0.40 0.41 0.37 0.40
Gini coefficient of income receivers income 0.43 0.52 0.52 0.53 0.55 0.55 0.55 0.53
Food Ratio (as a percentage) % 65.0 57.6 60.9 54.4 44.5 39.6 37.6 42.3 37.8
Poverty Head Count Ratio % 26.1 28.8 22.7 15.2 8.9 6.7
Source : Household Income and Expenditure Survey Series,
24
SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONDITIONS : Average Monthly Household Expenditure on Selected Food/Non-Food Items
by HIES Survey Period - Sri Lanka
HIES Survey Period
Expenditure Group
1980/81 1985/86 1990/91 1995/96 2002 2005 2006/07 2009/10 2012/13
Average Monthly Expenditure (% share)
Food Expenditure
Rice 31.5 25.3 22.4 21.2 18.0 13.8 13.9 17.3 13.6
Wheat Flour 2.4 2.6 1.4 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.4 1.3
Bread 4.7 5.3 4.2 4.4 4.3 3.6 3.5 3.2 3.0
Condiments 8.0 10.4 9.1 9.9 9.1 9.0 9.3 9.1 9.0
Vegetables 7.5 9.9 8.8 8.3 7.9 8.1 8.4 7.6 8.2
Coconuts 8.2 5.9 8.6 6.9 7.3 5.6 5.5 5.6 6.1
Fish 4.9 5.8 5.1 6.6 6.3 8.5 8.6 8.8 9.1
Dried Fish 3.2 4.0 4.0 4.6 3.7 3.6 4.0 3.7 4.2
Milk & Milk Products 3.3 4.3 4.7 7.1 8.4 9.8 8.7 7.8 8.9
Sugar 7.8 6.3 6.2 5.2 3.3 3.3 3.6 3.4 2.9
Other Food & Drinks 18.5 20.2 25.5 24.7 30.5 33.5 33.4 32.1 33.7
Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Non-Food Expenditure
Housing 15.3 18.5 22.3 27.8 22.8 17.8 18.4 19.1 18.1
Fuel and Light 15.5 13.0 11.8 9.9 7.6 7.0 7.3 7.1 6.8
Clothing, Textile and Footwear 12.3 11.8 10.4 9.5 5.3 5.1 4.9 5.0 4.6
Personal Care and Health 8.4 10.0 9.7 10.4 8.0 9.6 6.9 7.9 8.5
Transport and Communication 14.4 13.1 12.6 12.9 12.7 15.0 16.8 17.0 16.7
Education 3.9 3.6 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.1 4.4 5.6 5.6
Non-Durable Household Goods 4.4 3.9 2.9 1.9 2.7 2.1 1.5 1.2
Consumer Durables 5.8 4.9 3.5 4.1 4.4 6.2 5.5 4.3 3.9
Liquor and Tobacco 12.5 9.9 9.4 7.4 4.2 4.1 3.4 3.7 2.7
Other Expenditure 7.5 15.2 12.1 10.8 28.8 28.4 30.3 28.8 31.9
Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Source : Household Income and Expenditure Survey Series,
25
SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONDITIONS BY PROVINCE : Population Distribution 2012/13
North North Sabara- All
Item Western Central Southern Northern Eastern Uva
Western Central gamuwa Island
Population Distribution
By Gender, %
Male 47.5 46.6 47.0 47.0 46.4 47.0 47.1 47.1 47.4 47.1
Female 52.5 53.4 53.0 53.0 53.6 53.0 52.9 52.9 52.6 52.9
By Age Group, %
0 14 Years 23.8 26.7 25.7 26.9 31.2 25.8 27.2 28.2 24.1 25.9
15 59 Years 61.4 59.6 59.1 60.6 60.0 61.3 61.5 59.8 60.7 60.6
Over 59 Years 14.7 13.8 15.2 12.5 8.9 12.9 11.2 11.9 15.2 13.6
By Educational Attainment, %
No Schooling 2.2 5.2 4.0 2.1 4.4 3.5 3.6 6.3 4.5 3.7
Up to Grade 5 18.3 27.0 25.4 27.1 33.8 25.1 28.3 29.7 25.7 24.7
Grade 6 10 41.5 42.7 43.1 47.7 40.7 46.3 47.3 45.5 45.0 43.6
Passed G.C.E. (O/L) 19.5 13.6 15.6 13.9 13.1 14.3 13.4 10.8 14.6 15.5
Passed G.C.E. (A/L) and above 18.4 11.5 11.8 9.3 8.0 10.7 7.4 7.7 10.1 12.4
Source : Household Income and Expenditure Survey 2012/13,

26
SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONDITIONS BY PROVINCE : Income Distribution 2012/13
Mean Income, Rs. per Month

Per Household 64,152 40,146 41,834 34,286 30,676 42,756 36,632 35,638 40,375 45,878
Per Person 16,124 10,104 10,973 8,339 7,622 11,596 9,877 9,382 10,718 11,819
Per Income Receiver 33,564 22,292 23,606 18,916 19,836 25,854 21,848 21,909 23,134 25,963
Median Income, Rs. per Month
Per Household 42,100 28,900 28,921 23,571 22,710 29,343 29,707 24,228 27,775 30,814
Per Person 10,567 7,150 7,624 5,540 5,385 7,927 7,824 6,110 7,229 7,881
Per Income Receiver 20,500 15,083 16,000 12,692 15,000 16,612 15,930 13,867 15,000 16,667
Income Share by Households, %
Richest 20% 53.1 49.6 50.9 53.0 49.8 52.0 44.5 53.8 51.9 52.9
Poorest 20% 5.0 5.0 5.2 3.8 4.2 4.4 5.5 4.1 5.1 4.5
Middle 60% 41.9 45.4 43.9 43.2 46.0 43.6 50.1 42.1 43.0 42.6
Gini Coefficient (One Month Income)
Gini coefficient (Households) 0.47 0.44 0.45 0.48 0.45 0.47 0.39 0.48 0.46 0.48
Gini coefficient (per Person) 0.46 0.43 0.44 0.47 0.44 0.47 0.38 0.47 0.44 0.46
Gini coefficient (Income Receivers) 0.54 0.50 0.51 0.57 0.50 0.53 0.47 0.54 0.52 0.53

27
SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONDITIONS BY PROVINCE : Household Expenditure 2012/13
Total Consumer Expenditure Rs. per Month,

per Household 58,298 38,989 36,430 34,562 30,886 37,665 33,935 28,867 32,376 41,444
Consumer Expenditure Share, %
All Food 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Cereal 13.2 20.3 15.9 20.5 15.8 16.4 19.8 22.5 19.0 16.7
Prepared Foods 16.2 8.2 9.2 8.8 9.6 10.2 6.2 7.5 10.1 11.3
Pulses 3.2 4.3 3.8 3.3 1.9 3.2 3.9 4.6 4.2 3.5
Vegetables 7.4 8.6 8.5 6.2 7.4 8.5 9.6 10.7 8.8 8.2
Meat 4.6 4.4 2.0 4.9 7.3 4.9 4.0 2.9 3.0 4.3
Fish 10.2 4.9 10.5 13.1 13.3 9.4 8.8 5.4 5.3 9.1
Coconut 5.5 5.9 7.1 6.4 5.8 6.4 7.3 5.1 7.7 6.2
Condiments 8.1 9.0 10.5 8.7 11.2 9.1 9.7 8.3 9.1 9.0
Milk and Milk Products 10.0 9.7 9.5 7.8 6.9 7.5 7.1 8.4 8.4 8.9
Sugar, Jaggery & Treacle 2.5 3.2 3.3 4.0 3.5 3.1 3.6 2.9 3.1 3.0
Other 19.1 21.5 19.7 16.3 17.3 21.3 20.0 21.7 21.3 19.8
All Non-Food 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Housing 20.8 18.0 17.3 9.3 15.0 14.6 14.0 16.8 17.9 18.1
Personal Care and Health Expenses 8.7 7.4 7.8 9.5 12.0 8.2 8.2 5.5 9.0 8.5
Education 6.4 5.3 5.4 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.2 4.5 5.4 5.6
Transport 13.0 13.1 11.7 11.0 11.6 15.5 14.7 14.6 14.4 13.3
Communication 3.5 3.4 3.1 4.1 3.8 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.4 3.5
Fuel and Light 6.8 6.2 5.7 10.6 12.3 5.7 6.1 6.3 6.6 6.8
Durable Household Goods 3.1 3.9 4.6 4.5 4.5 4.5 5.6 6.0 4.6 3.9
Clothing, Textile and Footwear 3.4 5.4 4.9 6.2 8.4 5.0 5.9 6.0 5.3 4.6
Other 34.3 37.3 39.5 39.9 27.5 38.3 37.9 36.8 33.4 35.7
28
SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONDITIONS BY PROVINCE : Housing and Amenities 2012/13
Housing Conditions, % of Households
Wall Type (a)
Permanent 95.2 95.3 93.7 82.1 91.2 94.0 94.6 91.8 93.3 93.5
Semi Permanent 4.8 4.7 6.3 17.9 8.8 6.0 5.4 8.2 6.7 6.5
Floor Type (b)
Permanent 98.3 89.0 93.9 88.4 92.5 93.5 86.2 78.8 91.7 92.4
Semi Permanent 1.7 11.0 6.1 11.6 7.5 6.5 13.8 21.2 8.3 7.6
Roof Type (c)
Permanent 96.1 75.7 95.7 80.4 90.0 90.8 92.4 81.5 87.5 89.6
Semi Permanent 3.9 24.3 4.3 19.6 10.0 9.2 7.6 18.5 12.5 10.4
Water Supply and Sanitation
Main Source of Drinking Water
Safe 97.1 77.6 88.2 95.1 97.2 92.9 93.4 74.8 80.3 89.7
Not Safe 2.9 22.4 11.8 4.9 2.8 7.1 6.6 25.2 19.7 10.3
Toilet Facilities
Exclusive for the Household 91.0 89.3 93.1 83.9 82.5 91.4 90.4 89.3 91.2 89.9
Sharing with another Household 7.4 10.0 6.7 9.8 11.5 7.4 8.2 9.7 8.8 8.4
Public Toilet Facilities 1.6 0.6 0.1 0.3 1.1 0.1 0.3 0.6 0.0 0.7
No Toilet Facilities 0.1 0.1 0.1 5.9 4.9 1.1 1.1 0.5 0.0 0.9
Availability of Household Equipments
Radio / Cassette Players 74.8 74.7 74.7 50.4 51.5 73.0 70.4 74.4 75.6 71.4
Television 91.6 85.2 85.0 54.8 66.1 83.4 80.9 77.6 82.0 82.7
Telephone / Cellular Phone 93.1 88.9 88.0 88.0 75.7 88.1 85.2 82.3 82.4 87.6
Bicycle 27.7 11.4 41.1 81.6 60.4 52.7 66.7 19.1 14.4 36.2
Motor Cycle / Scooters 31.8 12.5 32.4 34.4 29.8 48.3 49.7 15.6 18.3 30.3
Motor Car / Van 13.8 4.9 5.1 1.8 1.6 6.6 3.8 3.0 4.9 7.0
Sewing Machine 53.7 42.9 45.1 18.4 25.7 43.0 36.1 30.0 38.0 41.9
Refrigerator 67.2 40.3 45.6 20.8 29.3 47.5 38.9 23.8 38.1 46.2
Washing Machine 32.3 15.3 11.7 4.5 10.5 15.7 7.4 6.2 10.1 17.2
Personal Computer 31.3 19.0 14.2 14.8 9.2 15.4 10.1 8.0 12.3 18.5
(a) Permanent Brick, Cabok, Cement Block, Pressed Soil Block (b) Permanent Cement, Teraso/Tile, Concrete (c) Permanent Tile, Asbestos, Concrete Source : Household Income and
Semi Permanent Plank/Metal Sheet, Cadjan/Palmyrah, Other Semi Permanent Mud, Wood, Sand, Other Semi Permanent Takaran, Cadjan/ Palmyrah, Other Expenditure Survey 2012/13,
29
SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONDITIONS : Sources of Energy for Lighting and Cooking 2012/13
% of Households

Sources of Energy for Lighting
Electricity 97.6 92.5 94.4 66.0 79.9 89.1 87.4 83.7 88.2 90.2
Kerosene 2.2 7.1 5.2 31.9 19.6 9.4 11.1 14.1 11.1 9.0
Solar Energy 0.2 0.4 0.3 2.0 0.5 1.5 1.0 2.0 0.8 0.7
Other 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.0 1.0 0.2 0.0 0.2
Sources of Energy for Cooking

Firewood 53.0 84.3 85.3 87.3 77.5 92.5 94.8 95.2 91.6 78.5
Gas 41.0 13.8 13.0 8.9 16.3 6.2 4.6 4.2 7.7 18.5
Kerosene 4.4 1.0 0.3 3.3 4.2 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.2 1.9
Other 1.6 0.7 1.4 0.5 1.9 1.2 0.6 0.5 0.5 1.1

30
SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONDITIONS : Population Distribution by Sector 2009/10 and 2012/13
2009/10 (a) 2012/13
Item
Urban Rural Estate All Island Urban Rural Estate All Island
Population Distribution
By Gender, %
Male 47.7 47.4 47.6 47.4 47.4 47.0 48.0 47.1
Female 52.3 52.6 52.4 52.6 52.6 53.0 52.0 52.9
By Age Group, %
0 14 Years 25.3 25.9 29.7 26.0 24.2 26.0 31.1 25.9
15 59 Years 61.9 61.8 59.9 61.8 61.5 60.6 57.0 60.6
Over 59 Years 12.8 12.3 10.5 12.3 14.3 13.5 11.9 13.6
By Educational Attainment, %
No Schooling 2.5 4.0 13.1 4.2 2.2 3.5 12.2 3.7
Up to Grade 5 21.6 24.6 43.0 25.1 19.2 25.0 42.0 24.7
Grade 6 - 10 42.1 45.5 37.7 44.6 39.8 44.8 38.7 43.6
Passed G.C.E. (O/L) 17.5 14.9 3.8 14.7 18.2 15.5 4.9 15.5
Passed G.C.E. (A/L) and Above 16.2 10.8 2.3 11.2 20.5 11.1 2.2 12.4
(a) Excluding Mannar, Kilinochchi and Mullaitivu districts. Source : Household Income and Expenditure Survey 2009/10 and 2012/13,
31
SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONDITIONS : Income Distribution by Sector 2009/10 and 2012/13
2009/10 (a) 2012/13
Item
Mean Income, Rs. per Month
Per Household 47,783 35,228 24,162 36,451 69,880 41,478 30,220 45,878
Per Person 11,245 8,916 5,782 9,104 17,262 10,843 7,100 11,819
Median Income, Rs. per Month
Per Household 31,000 23,126 17,366 23,746 42,267 29,376 24,087 30,814
Per Person 6,925 5,758 4,161 5,803 10,420 7,657 5,503 7,881
Income Shares by Deciles of Households, %
1st Decile 1.7 1.6 2.1 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.9 1.5
2nd Decile 2.9 2.9 3.8 2.9 2.8 3.2 3.7 3.0
3rd Decile 4.0 4.0 4.8 3.9 3.7 4.4 5.1 4.1
4th Decile 5.0 4.9 5.7 4.9 4.6 5.4 6.4 5.1
5th Decile 6.0 6.0 6.7 6.0 5.6 6.5 7.4 6.2
6th Decile 7.2 7.2 7.8 7.1 6.7 7.7 8.7 7.3
7th Decile 8.8 8.7 9.1 8.7 8.3 9.2 9.9 8.9
8th Decile 11.1 10.9 10.6 10.8 10.3 11.4 11.8 10.9
9th Decile 15.1 14.5 13.4 14.6 14.5 15.1 14.8 14.9
10th Decile 38.2 39.3 36.0 39.5 42.0 35.6 30.3 38.0
Income Share by Households, %
Richest 20% 53.3 53.8 49.4 54.1 56.5 50.7 45.1 52.9
Poorest 20% 4.7 4.5 5.9 4.5 4.4 4.7 5.7 4.5
Middle 60% 42.1 41.7 44.7 41.4 39.2 44.6 49.3 42.6
Gini Coefficient, One Month Income
Gini Coefficient (Households) 0.48 0.49 0.43 0.49 0.51 0.45 0.39 0.48
Gini Coefficient (Income Receivers) 0.54 0.54 0.50 0.55 0.56 0.51 0.44 0.53
(a) Excluding Mannar, Kilinochchi and Mullaitivu districts. Sources : Household Income and Expenditure Survey 2009/10 and 2012/13,
32
SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONDITIONS : Household Expenditure by Sector 2009/10 and 2012/13
2009/10 (a) 2012/13
Item
Expenditure, Rs. per Month

Per household 44,928 29,423 23,988 31,331 58,930 38,274 29,379 41,444
Household Expenditure Share, %

Food 35.6 43.7 50.8 42.3 32.1 39.2 49.8 37.8
Housing 16.9 9.8 4.3 11.0 17.5 9.4 5.0 11.3
Fuel and Light 5.0 3.8 4.0 4.1 5.5 3.8 4.1 4.2
Personal Care and Health Expenses 5.4 4.4 3.7 4.6 5.3 5.3 3.5 5.3
Transport 6.7 7.7 4.6 7.4 8.9 8.1 5.6 8.3
Communication 2.8 2.3 1.7 2.4 2.7 2.0 1.7 2.2
Education 4.0 3.1 1.6 3.2 4.7 3.2 1.8 3.5
Cultural Activities and Entertainment 1.1 1.3 2.1 1.3 1.4 1.2 1.0 1.2
Non-Durable Household Goods and Services 1.4 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.6 1.1 1.1 1.2
Clothing, Textile and Footware 2.3 3.0 3.7 2.9 2.4 3.0 3.0 2.9
Durable Household Goods 2.0 2.6 2.1 2.5 1.5 2.8 2.3 2.5
Other Miscellaneous Expenses 10.8 9.3 8.4 9.5 9.2 11.5 10.1 10.9
Other Rare Expenses 4.2 5.7 6.7 5.5 6.4 7.5 5.7 7.2
Liquor, Narcotic Drugs and Tobacco 1.5 2.1 5.1 2.1 1.0 1.8 5.4 1.7
(a) Excluding Mannar, Kilinochchi and Mullaitivu Districts. Sources : Household Income and Expenditure Survey 2009/10 and 2012/13,
33
SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONDITIONS : Housing and Amenities by Sector 2009/10 and 2012/13
2009/10 (a) 2012/13
Item
Housing Conditions, % of Households
Wall Type (b)
Permanent 94.1 91.5 89.1 91.7 96.0 92.8 95.0 93.5
Semi Permanent 5.9 8.5 10.9 8.3 4.0 7.2 5.0 6.5
Floor Type (c)
Permanent 97.1 87.6 83.1 88.7 98.4 91.6 84.9 92.4
Semi Permanent 2.9 12.4 16.9 11.3 1.6 8.4 15.1 7.6
Roof Type (d)
Permanent 91.1 88.9 23.0 86.0 95.5 91.5 32.3 89.6
Semi Permanent 8.9 11.1 77.0 14.0 4.5 8.5 67.7 10.4
Water Supply and Sanitation
Main Source of Drinking Water
Safe 97.4 87.6 60.3 87.7 98.8 90.0 46.3 89.7
Not Safe 2.6 12.4 39.7 12.3 1.2 10.0 53.7 10.3
Toilet Facilities
Exclusive for the Household 86.4 90.9 74.0 89.5 90.0 90.7 76.2 89.9
Sharing with another Household 7.1 6.2 13.1 6.6 7.3 7.8 21.1 8.4
Public Toilet Facilities 5.1 0.4 7.2 1.4 2.7 0.2 2.1 0.7
No Toilet Facilties 1.3 2.5 5.6 2.5 0.0 1.2 0.7 0.9
Availability of Household Equipments
Radios / Cassette Players 76.5 75.6 69.4 75.4 73.7 71.2 65.7 71.4
Televisions 86.9 79.3 70.5 80.0 90.4 81.6 73.3 82.7
Telephones / Cellular Phones 84.8 76.7 61.1 77.1 93.1 87.0 75.4 87.6
Bicycles 35.6 42.5 6.7 39.8 31.1 39.0 4.9 36.2
Motor Cycles / Scooters 21.2 27.9 4.1 25.8 27.6 32.2 6.5 30.3
Motor Cars / Vans 10.4 5.1 1.1 5.6 15.4 5.5 1.0 7.0
Sewing Machines 50.7 42.7 20.2 42.7 52.0 41.1 17.5 41.9
Refrigerators 60.2 37.9 7.9 39.6 67.7 43.2 14.3 46.2
Washing Machines 28.0 11.3 1.7 13.1 37.4 13.5 2.3 17.2
Personal Computers 23.6 11.2 2.2 12.5 34.5 15.9 3.8 18.5
(a) Excluding Mannar, Kilinochchi and Mullaitivu districts. Source : Household Income and Expenditure Survey 2009/10 and 2012/13,
(b) Permanent Brick, Cabok, Cement Block, Pressed Soil Block (c) Permanent Cement, Teraso/Tile, Concrete
(d) Permanent Tile, Asbestos, Concrete Department of Census and Statistics
Semi Permanent Plank/Metal Sheet, Cadjan/Palmyrah, Other Semi Permanent Mud, Wood, Sand, Other Semi Permanent Takaran, Cadjan/ Palmyrah, Other
34
SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONDITIONS : Sources of Energy for Lighting and Cooking by Sector
2009/10 and 2012/13
% of Households
Urban Rural Estate All Island

Item
2009/10(a) 2012/13 2009/10(a) 2012/13 2009/10(a) 2012/13 2009/10(a) 2012/13
Sources of Energy for Lighting

Electricity 95.6 98.0 84.1 88.8 76.9 83.0 85.3 90.2
Kerosene 4.4 1.8 13.7 10.2 22.5 16.5 12.8 9.0
Solar Energy 0.0 0.2 2.2 0.9 0.7 0.3 1.8 0.7
Other 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.2
Sources of Energy for Cooking

Firewood 39.2 36.7 86.7 86.7 97.3 95.7 80.5 78.5
Gas 48.0 54.7 11.3 11.4 1.5 2.4 16.0 18.5
Kerosene 11.4 6.5 1.1 1.0 0.6 1.1 2.5 1.9
Other 1.3 2.2 0.9 1.0 0.6 0.6 0.9 1.1
(a) Excluding Mannar, Kilinochchi and Mullaitivu districts. Source : Household Income and Expenditure Survey 2009/10, 2012/13,
35
SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONDITIONS : Poverty Indicators by Sector and Province
Poverty Head Count Index (Percentage) Poor Household Poverty Gap Index
Sector / Province by HIES Survey Period Percentage (%)
1990/91 1995/96 2002 2006/07 2009/10 2012/13 2009/10 2012/13 2009/10 2012/13
Sri Lanka 26.1 28.8 22.7 15.2 8.9 6.7 7.0 5.3 1.7 1.2
Sector
Urban 16.3 14.0 7.9 6.7 5.3 2.1 3.8 1.5 1.2 0.3
Rural 29.5 30.9 24.7 15.7 9.4 7.6 7.5 6.0 1.8 1.4
Estate 20.5 38.4 30.0 32.0 11.4 10.9 8.9 8.8 2.1 1.6
Province
Western 19.1 16.3 10.8 8.2 4.2 2.0 3.0 1.5 0.8 0.4
Central 30.7 36.2 25.1 22.3 9.7 6.6 8.2 5.1 1.8 1.0
Southern 30.2 32.6 27.8 13.8 9.8 7.7 7.5 6.3 1.8 1.4
Northern n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 12.8 10.9 10.0 8.8 2.1 2.3
Eastern n.a. n.a. n.a. 10.8 14.8 11.0 12.4 8.0 3.2 2.1
North Western 25.8 27.7 27.3 14.6 11.3 6.0 8.2 4.5 2.4 1.1
North Central 24.5 24.7 21.5 14.2 5.7 7.3 4.6 6.1 1.0 1.0
Uva 31.9 46.7 37.2 27.0 13.7 15.4 12.0 13.5 2.4 2.6
Sabaragamuwa 31.0 41.7 33.6 24.2 10.6 8.8 8.7 6.6 2.1 1.5
n.a. Not available Source : Household Income and Expenditure Survey Series,
36
SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONDITIONS : Daily Average Dietary Energy Consumption per Person
by Poverty Status, Sector and Province 2009/10 and 2012/13
2009/10(a) 2012/13
Sector / Province Poor Non-Poor All Poor Non-Poor All
Households Households Households Households Households Households
Sri Lanka 1,472 2,155 2,094 1,530 2,153 2,111

Sector
Urban 1,139 1,922 1,881 1,243 1,915 1,901
Rural 1,497 2,180 2,116 1,539 2,197 2,147
Estate 1,596 2,477 2,377 1,646 2,388 2,307
Province
Western 1,209 1,968 1,936 1,176 1,975 1,958
Central 1,531 2,274 2,202 1,523 2,246 2,198
Southern 1,469 2,173 2,104 1,443 2,214 2,155
Northern 1,511 2,306 2,204 1,545 2,219 2,146
Eastern 1,536 2,155 2,063 1,453 2,152 2,075
North Western 1,398 2,194 2,104 1,501 2,197 2,155
North Central 1,483 2,248 2,204 1,553 2,254 2,203
Uva 1,721 2,398 2,305 1,783 2,404 2,308
Sabaragamuwa 1,509 2,252 2,173 1,675 2,209 2,162
(a) Excluding Mannar, Kilinochchi and Mullaitivu districts. Source : Household Income and Expenditure Survey 2009/10, 2012/13,
37
PROSPERITY INDEX BY PROVINCE 2007 2014
Province 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Western 0.36 0.58 0.75 0.90 1.05 1.04 1.30 1.33
Central -0.60 -0.46 -0.42 -0.08 0.02 0.12 0.43 0.41
Southern -0.35 -0.23 -0.07 0.11 0.27 0.26 0.44 0.54
Northern -1.04 -1.05 -0.85 -0.40 -0.19 -0.04 0.32 0.53
Eastern -0.89 -0.69 -0.41 -0.15 -0.19 0.00 0.15 0.22
North Western -0.56 -0.39 -0.23 -0.04 0.06 0.14 0.41 0.41
North Central -0.58 -0.34 -0.24 0.03 0.15 0.28 0.46 0.47
Uva -0.73 -0.57 -0.40 -0.25 -0.13 0.03 0.15 0.24
Sabaragamuwa -0.79 -0.58 -0.48 -0.15 -0.14 -0.01 0.24 0.23
Sri Lanka -1.06 -0.78 -0.53 -0.05 0.18 0.38 0.76 1.03
Economy & Business Climate Sub Index
Western 0.19 0.58 1.17 1.17 1.38 1.19 1.70 1.65
Central -0.99 -0.67 -0.34 -0.27 -0.05 0.01 0.68 0.46
Southern -0.86 -0.66 -0.21 -0.10 0.11 0.23 0.47 0.46
Northern -1.54 -1.54 -1.02 -0.20 0.05 0.22 0.71 0.93
Eastern -1.16 -0.78 -0.17 -0.13 -0.24 0.05 0.41 0.50
North Western -0.82 -0.47 0.00 -0.04 0.09 0.14 0.60 0.43
North Central -0.76 -0.44 -0.09 0.11 0.31 0.37 0.67 0.68
Uva -1.01 -0.91 -0.52 -0.27 -0.15 0.02 0.32 0.30
Sabaragamuwa -1.09 -0.80 -0.32 -0.17 -0.14 0.06 0.33 0.20
Sri Lanka -1.40 -0.90 -0.37 -0.08 0.29 0.47 0.99 0.99
Source : Central Bank of Sri Lanka
(Continued)
38
PROSPERITY INDEX BY PROVINCE 2007 2014 (Contd.)
Province 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Well-being of the People Sub Index
Western 0.60 0.65 0.53 0.78 0.86 0.99 1.16 1.12
Central -0.37 -0.37 -0.53 -0.11 -0.17 -0.01 0.13 0.17
Southern -0.04 0.01 -0.07 0.13 0.25 0.42 0.62 0.72
Northern -0.33 -0.40 -0.59 -0.28 -0.17 0.19 0.25 0.47
Eastern -0.55 -0.65 -0.53 -0.16 -0.18 0.05 0.07 0.10
North Western -0.25 -0.24 -0.25 0.05 0.13 0.23 0.32 0.37
North Central -0.48 -0.34 -0.39 -0.19 -0.11 0.14 0.28 0.27
Uva -0.69 -0.68 -0.64 -0.54 -0.39 -0.14 -0.03 -0.03
Sabaragamuwa -0.38 -0.28 -0.51 -0.14 -0.10 -0.03 0.14 0.13
Sri Lanka -0.59 -0.60 -0.73 -0.09 -0.04 0.53 0.71 0.82
Socio-Economic Infrastructure Sub Index
Western 0.28 0.50 0.56 0.76 0.90 0.96 1.03 1.21
Central -0.44 -0.35 -0.38 0.13 0.27 0.35 0.47 0.60
Southern -0.14 -0.03 0.08 0.29 0.44 0.11 0.24 0.45
Northern -1.25 -1.20 -0.94 -0.71 -0.45 -0.55 0.02 0.20
Eastern -0.96 -0.64 -0.51 -0.16 -0.15 -0.10 -0.03 0.05
North Western -0.61 -0.46 -0.45 -0.12 -0.04 0.07 0.32 0.44
North Central -0.49 -0.25 -0.23 0.18 0.26 0.34 0.42 0.45
Uva -0.48 -0.13 -0.05 0.06 0.14 0.22 0.17 0.45
Sabaragamuwa -0.91 -0.67 -0.60 -0.14 -0.19 -0.08 0.24 0.37
Sri Lanka -1.18 -0.83 -0.50 0.02 0.29 0.15 0.58 1.27
Note : A new methodology in line with Legatum Prosperity Index was introduced since 2014. Source : Central Bank of Sri Lanka
The indices prior to 2014 series has been spliced to the revised series.
39
DEMOGRAPHY
Item 2010 2011(a) 2012(a) 2013(a) 2014(a) 2015(a)
Mid-Year Population, 000 (b) 20,675 20,869 20,424 20,579 20,771 20,966
Male 10,273 10,357 9,888 9,963 10,056 10,151
Female 10,402 10,512 10,536 10,616 10,715 10,815
By Age Groups (b)
0 14 Years 5,434 5,488 5,147 5,187 5,235 5,288
15 54 Years 12,512 12,625 11,680 11,768 11,879 11,989
55 Years and Over 2,729 2,756 3,597 3,624 3,657 3,689
Population Growth, % 1.0 1.0 0.7 0.8 0.9 0.9
Crude Birth Rate per 1,000 17.6 17.4 17.5 17.9 16.9 16.0
Crude Death Rate per 1,000 6.2 5.9 6.0 6.2 6.2 6.3
Rate of Natural Increase per 1,000 11.4 11.5 11.5 11.7 10.7 9.7
Net Migration Rate per 1,000 -1.1 -2.2 -2.6 -2.3 -2.2 0.7
Infant Mortality per 1,000 Live Births 9.9 9.1 8.5 8.2 n.a. n.a.
Density of Population, Persons per sq. km. 330 333 326 328 331 334
(a) Provisional Source : Registrar Generals Department
(b) Until 2011, mid-year population estimates were based on the Census of Population and Housing
- 2001. Mid-year population estimates 2012 onwards were prepared based on the final report of
the Census of Population and Housing - 2012.
n.a. Not available
40
Population & Population Growth
Population
21
20
19
Million
18
17
16
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
1.3
Population Growth (%)
Per cent
0.9
0.5
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
* Estimates upto 2011 are based on Census of Population and Housing 2001 and those from 2012 onwards are based on Census of Population and Housing 2012.
41
LABOUR FORCE AND EMPLOYMENT
Item 2010(a) 2011(b)(c)(d) 2012(b)(c)(d) 2013(b)(c)(d) 2014(b)(c)(d) 2015(b)(c)
Labour Force, 000 8,108 7,926 7,798 8,034 8,049 8,214

Labour Force Participation Rate,
(% of Household Population) 48.1 52.9 52.5 53.7 53.2 53.8
Male 67.1 74.0 74.9 74.9 74.6 74.7
Female 31.2 34.3 32.9 35.4 34.6 35.9
Total Employed, 000 7,707 7,592 7,489 7,681 7,700 7,831
Employment by Sector, % (e)
Agriculture, Livestock and Fisheries 32.7 33.1 31.2
Manufacturing 17.1 16.7 17.5
Construction 7.1 7.2 8.4
Trade and Hotels 15.5 15.1 15.6
Transport, Storage and Communication 6.3 6.2 6.5
Finance, Insurance and Real Estate 3.4 3.5 3.5
Personal Services and Other (f) 17.9 18.2 17.4
Total Unemployed, 000 401 335 310 353 348 383
Status of Employment, %
Public Sector Employees 14.3 14.6 15.3 15.2 15.5 15.1
Private Sector Employees 41.2 40.5 41.2 40.5 40.9 41.0
Employers 2.6 2.9 2.8 3.0 2.7 3.1
Self Employed 31.5 31.5 31.9 32.2 32.0 32.3
Unpaid Family Workers 10.4 10.6 8.7 9.1 8.9 8.4
(Continued)
42
LABOUR FORCE AND EMPLOYMENT (Contd.)
Item 2013 (b)(c)(d) 2014 (b)(c)(d) 2015 (b)(c)
Employment By Sector, % (g)

Agriculture 30.2 28.9 28.7
Mining and Quarrying 1.2 1.0 0.8
Manufacturing 17.8 18.0 18.0
Construction, Electricity, Gas, Steam and Air Conditioning Supply, Water Supply, Sewerage,
Waste Management and Remediation Activities 7.0 7.3 7.0
Wholesale and Retail Trade, Repair of Motor Vehicles and Motor Cycles 13.6 13.1 13.5
Transport and Storage 6.1 6.3 6.1
Accommodation and Food Services Activities 2.2 2.4 2.6
Information and Communication 0.7 0.8 0.7
Financial and Insurance Activities 1.8 1.9 1.8
Professional, Scientific and Technical Activities 0.8 0.6 0.8
Administrative and Support Service Activities 1.2 1.3 1.5
Public Administration and Defence Compulsory Social Security 7.4 7.7 7.7
Education 3.9 4.1 4.1
Human Health and Social Work Activities 1.7 1.6 1.8
Other (h) 4.3 5.0 4.9
(a) Excluding Northern Province. Source : Department of Census and Statistics
(b) Data covers the entire island.
(c) Provisional.
(d) Revised.
(e) Based on the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC) Revision 3. Note : 1. Data upto 2010 are for the household population aged 10 years and
(f) Data includes Mining and Quarrying, Electricity, Gas and Water sub-sectors also. above and data from 2011 onwards are for the household population
(g) Based on the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC) Revision 4. aged 15 years and above.
(h) Includes activities of households as employers; Real estate; Arts, entertainment 2. In July 2016, The Department of Census and Statistics published a
and recreation; and Extra territorial organisations and bodies. re-weighted and revised labour force data series for 2011 onwards.
43
LABOUR FORCE AND UNEMPLOYMENT
Unemployment Rate 2010(a) 2011(b)(c)(d) 2012(b)(c)(d) 2013(b)(c)(d) 2014(b)(c)(d) 2015(b)(c)
By Gender
Male 3.5 2.7 2.8 3.2 3.1 3.0
Female 7.7 7.1 6.3 6.6 6.5 7.6
By Age Groups (Years)
15 19 20.3 15.5 18.9 18.8 21.4 24.1
20 29 13.8 12.4 11.3 13.1 13.6 14.2
30 39 3.1 2.8 2.5 2.7 2.7 3.1
40
50
49
and above } 1.0 0.7 0.8 1.0 0.9 1.0
By Level of Education
Grade 5 and below
Grades 6 10 3.6 3.4 3.2 3.4 3.4 3.4
GCE (O/L) 6.9 5.3 6.0 6.0 5.9 6.4
GCE (A/L) & above 11.6 9.1 7.6 8.7 8.2 9.2
Overall 4.9 4.2 4.0 4.4 4.3 4.7
(a) Excluding Northern Province. Note : 1. Data upto 2010 are for the household population aged 10 years and above and data Source : Department of Census
(b) Data covers the entire island. from 2011 onwards are for the household population aged 15 years and above. and Statistics
(c) Provisional 2. In July 2016, The Department of Census and Statistics published a re-weighted and
(d) Revised revised labour force data series for 2011 onwards.
- Negligible
44
FOREIGN EMPLOYMENT
Item 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 (a)
Departures of Sri Lankans from Bandaranaike

International Airport for all purposes (No.) 1,121,399 1,246,727 1,250,350 1,261,722 1,311,258 1,356,747
Migration for employment as a % of departures 23.9 21.1 22.6 23.2 22.9 19.4
Average No. of migrant travellers for employment per day 733 720 774 803 824 721
Migrant Employment Categories
by gender (No.) Male 148,001 136,307 144,135 175,185 190,217 172,788
Female 119,506 126,654 138,312 118,033 110,486 90,655
by skills (%) Professional 1.1 1.5 1.6 1.8 1.8 2.4
Middle level 2.6 2.3 3.3 5.6 6.9 2.6
Clerical & related 3.0 3.8 5.7 9.1 9.7 4.7
Skilled 28.5 27.4 25.0 26.3 25.7 32.8
Unskilled 22.6 24.2 22.3 24.2 26.4 29.6
House maids 42.1 40.9 42.1 33.0 29.5 27.8
Migrant Remittances (US $ mn.) 4,116 5,145 5,985 6,407 7,018 6,980
Middle East 2,474 3,030 3,358 3,562 3,902 3,769
Other 1,642 2,115 2,627 2,845 3,116 3,211
Middle East as a % of total remittances 60.1 58.9 56.1 55.6 55.6 54.0
Foreign Employment (No.) 1,932,245 (a) n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.
as a % of labour force 23.8 (a) n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.
(a) Provisional n.a. Not available Source : Sri Lanka Bureau of Foreign Employment
45
GROSS NATIONAL INCOME (by Industrial Origin) (a)(b) Rs. millon
Growth At Constant (2010) Growth
At Current Prices
Sector Rate (%) Prices Rate (%)
2014 (c) 2015 2015 2014 (c) 2015 2015
Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing 833,889 901,579 8.1 641,493 676,899 5.5
Industry 2,986,199 3,190,006 6.8 2,194,167 2,259,223 3.0
Manufacturing, mining and quarrying
and other industries 2,199,806 2,366,487 7.6 1,604,056 1,674,224 4.4
Of which: Manufacturing activities 1,841,228 2,027,244 10.1 1,292,994 1,354,083 4.7
Construction 786,393 823,519 4.7 590,111 584,999 -0.9
Services 5,924,433 6,295,853 6.3 4,634,805 4,881,273 5.3
Wholesale and retail trade, transportation and
storage, accommodation and food service activities 2,595,729 2,675,423 3.1 1,914,236 2,002,655 4.6
Information and communication 61,849 77,402 25.1 44,102 49,613 12.5
Financial and insurance activities 441,692 476,358 7.8 500,948 575,071 14.8
Real estate activities (including ownership of dwelling) 562,804 622,286 10.6 444,142 486,686 9.6
Professional, scientific, technical, administration
and support service activities 210,970 197,800 -6.2 166,489 154,698 -7.1
Public administration, defense, education,
human health and social work activities 985,763 1,139,703 15.6 723,943 746,852 3.2
Other services (excluding own-services) 1,065,625 1,106,882 3.9 840,946 865,698 2.9
Gross Value Added (GVA) at Basic Price 9,744,522 10,387,438 6.6 7,470,465 7,817,394 4.6
(+) Taxes on products 750,801 906,990 20.8 791,696 846,202 6.9
(-) Subsidies on products 46,844 111,209 137.4 33,174 40,770 22.9
GDP at Market Price 10,448,479 11,183,220 7.0 8,228,986 8,622,825 4.8
Net Primary Income from Rest of the World (d) -236,669 -251,288 -6.2 -189,495 -196,496 -3.7
Gross National Income 10,211,810 10,931,932 7.1 8,039,492 8,426,330 4.8
GDP Per Capita, Rs. 503,032 533,398 6.0 396,177 411,277 3.8
(a) The data is based on the base year 2010 GDP (d) The difference with the BOP estimates Source : Department of Census and Statistics
estimates of Department of Census and Statistics is due to the time lag in compilation
(b) Provisional (c) Revised 46
EXPENDITURE ON GROSS NATIONAL INCOME (at Current Market Prices) (a) Rs. millon
Item 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014(b) 2015(b)
Gross National Income 6,343,892 7,147,065 8,577,574 9,366,039 10,211,810 10,931,932
Consumption Expenditure 4,932,545 5,762,798 6,357,545 7,229,352 7,943,796 8,652,180

Private 4,390,215 5,144,879 5,691,714 6,483,669 7,074,658 7,666,365
Government 542,330 617,918 665,831 745,684 869,138 985,815
Gross Domestic Capital Formation (c) 1,946,707 2,408,573 3,410,511 3,189,326 3,341,174 3,361,546
Gross Domestic Expenditure 6,879,252 8,171,371 9,768,056 10,418,678 11,284,971 12,013,727
Export of Goods and Services 1,254,021 1,508,565 1,730,467 1,949,158 2,185,039 2,295,423
Import of Goods and Services 1,719,605 2,460,830 2,766,060 2,775,711 3,021,530 3,125,930
Gross Domestic Product 6,413,668 7,219,106 8,732,463 9,592,125 10,448,479 11,183,220
Net Primary Income from Rest of the World -69,776 -72,041 -154,889 -226,086 -236,669 (d) -251,288 (d)
Expenditure on Gross National Income 6,343,892 7,147,065 8,577,574 9,366,039 10,211,810 10,931,932
(a) The data is based on the base year 2010 GDP estimates of Department of Census and Statistics Sources : Department of Census and Statistics
(b) Provisional Central Bank of Sri Lanka
(c) Private and Government classification of Gross Domestic Capital Formation is not available under 2010 rebased series.
(d) The difference with the BOP estimates is due to the time lag in compilation.
47
QUARTERLY GROWTH OF GDP AND GNI [at Constant (2010) Prices] (a)
Percentage
Gross Value
Period Agriculture Industry Services GDP GNI
Added (GVA)
2012 1st Quarter 13.3 21.0 14.6 16.5 16.1 15.1
2nd Quarter 0.6 10.6 11.1 10.0 9.7 8.2
3rd Quarter 0.6 -2.6 10.7 5.7 5.2 4.4
4th Quarter 2.6 8.5 8.8 8.1 6.8 6.4
Annual 3.9 9.0 11.2 9.9 9.1 8.3
2013 1st Quarter 2.2 6.7 2.9 4.1 3.6 3.0
2nd Quarter 3.9 6.0 7.7 6.9 5.9 5.4
3rd Quarter 4.5 2.8 5.5 4.6 4.0 3.9
4th Quarter 2.5 0.6 -0.8 -0.1 0.5 -0.5
Annual 3.2 4.1 3.8 3.8 3.4 2.8
2014 (b)(c) 1st Quarter 7.3 -1.5 1.9 1.2 1.3 1.4
2nd Quarter 4.1 -2.8 4.0 2.1 2.2 2.0
3rd Quarter 3.2 7.8 3.0 4.4 5.0 4.8
4th Quarter 5.0 11.7 11.7 11.1 10.3 10.8
Annual 4.9 3.5 5.2 4.7 4.9 4.9
2015 (c) 1st Quarter 5.9 1.4 5.4 4.1 4.4 4.1
2nd Quarter 10.4 3.9 6.9 6.4 7.0 6.7
3rd Quarter 7.3 4.9 6.5 6.1 5.6 5.6
4th Quarter -0.5 1.9 2.7 2.2 2.5 3.1
Annual 5.5 3.0 5.3 4.6 4.8 4.8
(a) The data is based on the base year 2010 GDP estimates (b) Revised Source : Department of Census and Statistics
of Department of Census and Statistics (c) Provisional
48
Gross Value Added at Basic Prices (Current)
10,500
GVA
Sectoral Composition of GDP

(Rs. bn. at Current Prices)
7,500
2011 2012 2013 2014(a) 2015(a)
Rs. billion
Agriculture 638 651 735 834 902
4,500 Industry 2,021 2,631 2,797 2,986 3,190

Services
Services 3,981 4,858 5,407 5,924 6,296
GDP 7,219 8,732 9,592 10,448 11,183

Industry
1,500
(a) Provisional
Agriculture Note: Rebased data (2010)
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
49
PROVINCIAL GDP (at Current Market Prices)
Share (%) GDP (Rs. Mn.) Per Capita GDP (Rs.)
Province \ Year Growth (%)(b)
2011 2012 2013(a)
2014(a)(b)
2015(b) 2014(a)(b) 2015(b) 2014(a)(b) 2015(b) 2014 / 2015
Western
44.2 42.8 42.2 41.7 41.2 4,357,581 4,610,509 734,094 771,117 5.8
Central 9.8 10.2 10.5 10.3 10.3 1,075,878 1,152,391 408,924 433,556 7.1
Southern
11.0 11.0 10.1 10.5 10.4 1,096,767 1,159,693 433,162 453,714 5.7
Northern 3.7 3.7 3.4 3.3 3.5 348,599 390,689 321,289 357,120 12.1
Eastern 5.8 6.3 5.7 5.8 6.0 604,928 670,760 379,741 415,331 10.9
North Western
10.0 10.0 10.9 11.1 10.9 1,155,139 1,223,830 476,346 499,931 5.9
North Central 4.7 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.4 541,558 607,118 417,225 462,743 12.1
Uva 4.5 4.8 5.2 5.3 5.2 557,104 587,118 428,212 446,138 5.4
Sabaragamuwa 6.2 6.2 7.0 6.8 7.0 710,926 781,112 360,876 392,913 9.9
Sri Lanka
100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 10,448,479 11,183,220 503,032 533,398 7.0
(a) Revised (b) Provisional Source : Central Bank of

Note: During 2015, the Department of Census and Statistics revised the base year of National Account compilation from 2002 to 2010 and along Sri Lanka
with that a number of methodological changes were introduced PGDP numbers from 2013 onwards are based on this new GDP series.
50
PROVINCIAL GDP BY ECONOMIC SECTORS (at Current Market Prices) Rs. Million
Province North North Sabara- Sri
Western Central Southern Northern Eastern Uva
Year / Sector Western Central gamuwa Lanka
2013(a) Agriculture 87,427 95,261 120,275 47,918 68,055 113,526 60,451 70,030 72,438 735,382
Industry 1,420,948 234,143 229,387 61,274 166,192 301,476 104,018 124,486 155,403 2,797,328
Services 2,265,326 606,246 552,334 193,073 273,071 559,760 291,827 271,017 393,891 5,406,544
Total (c) 4,049,310 1,003,984 967,872 324,340 544,370 1,045,953 489,622 499,534 667,140 9,592,125
2014(a)(b) Agriculture 88,819 117,768 158,549 47,577 78,141 124,260 72,452 79,863 66,461 833,889
Industry 1,473,137 233,654 254,738 65,246 192,632 342,214 112,341 140,219 172,019 2,986,199
Services 2,502,037 651,970 609,586 212,289 293,398 610,838 320,278 299,488 424,549 5,924,433
Total (c) 4,357,581 1,075,878 1,096,767 348,599 604,928 1,155,139 541,558 557,104 710,926 10,448,479
2015(b) Agriculture 79,986 124,431 153,354 58,660 81,432 153,851 84,057 95,644 70,163 901,579
Industry 1,596,914 251,713 277,532 67,350 212,670 333,437 133,635 124,691 192,065 3,190,006
Services 2,605,532 694,245 646,286 236,878 328,927 649,456 346,225 325,004 463,300 6,295,853
Total (c) 4,610,509 1,152,391 1,159,693 390,689 670,760 1,223,830 607,118 587,118 781,112 11,183,220
(a) Revised Source : Central Bank of Sri Lanka

(b) Provisional
(c) Excluding the adjustment for taxes and subsidies on products
(GDP = Sum of the Gross Value Added at basic prices + all taxes on products - all subsidies on products)
Note : Based on the new GDP series (base year 2010) published by the DCS.
51
PRODUCTION AND PRICES OF MAJOR CROPS
Item Unit 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a)
Production Volume
Paddy 000 MT 4,301 3,894 3,846 4,621 3,381 4,819
000 Bushels 206,103 186,620 184,319 221,435 162,027 230,973
Tea Mn. kgs. 331 328 328 340 338 329
Rubber Mn. kgs. 153 158 152 130 99 89
Coconut Mn. Nuts 2,584 2,808 2,940 2,513 2,870 3,056
Prices
Paddy : Producer Price Rs. per kg. 29.94 29.50 28.84 30.67 39.29 37.74
Tea : Colombo Auction (Gross) Rs. per kg. 371.54 360.68 392.40 445.83 459.01 401.46
Rubber : F.O.B. Price Rs. per kg. 377.54 535.40 420.74 389.81 362.83 342.03
Coconut : Wholesale Price Rs. per Nut 23.39 28.74 24.10 29.59 31.51 33.88
Value of Production, Rs. mn.
Paddy Rs. mn. 128,772 114,873 110,919 141,726 132,839 181,869
Tea Rs. mn. 123,138 118,134 128,863 151,594 155,160 130,912
Rubber Rs. mn. 57,763 84,700 63,868 50,839 35,765 30,294
Coconut Rs. mn. 63,771 78,430 70,854 61,803 90,434 102,352
(a) Provisional Sources : Department of Census and Statistics Central Bank of Sri Lanka
Rubber Development Department Sri Lanka Tea Board
Coconut Development Authority
52
ANNUAL PRODUCTION VOLUME SUBSIDIARY FOOD CROPS Metric tonnes
Item 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014(a) 2015(b)
Manioc 282,759 292,741 291,354 302,782 310,249 324,097

Potatoes 51,933 59,360 72,186 78,751 82,750 97,391
Sweet Potatoes 46,460 46,521 43,613 53,383 50,970 51,988
Chillies (green) 49,003 44,398 61,541 71,175 73,679 62,866
Red Onions 61,811 72,339 73,970 55,592 63,212 61,202
Big Onions 58,930 45,682 83,561 69,635 111,137 89,323
Maize 161,694 137,797 202,315 209,042 240,731 261,115
Cowpea 11,609 10,453 14,812 14,185 15,209 12,276
Green Gram 11,703 10,838 11,956 14,252 14,616 15,058
Black Gram 9,991 5,782 10,180 9,175 9,644 11,901
Kurakkan 7,307 5,411 5,984 7,011 8,851 8,916
Ground Nuts 14,354 16,903 21,953 27,486 25,184 28,503
Ginger 10,780 13,663 14,911 14,075 15,481 17,273
Gingelly 16,947 11,293 12,435 14,236 14,297 13,285
Turmeric 7,747 9,308 8,708 11,282 11,351 14,397
Soya Beans 7,521 3,847 1,671 13,445 10,812 11,254
Sorghum 173 96 89 138 122 101
Mustard 413 172 152 185 264 248
Meneri 17 18 26 33 29 43
(a) Revised (b) Provisional Source : Department of Census and Statistics
53
FISH PRODUCTION BY PROVINCE Metric tonnes
Year \ Province Western Central Southern Nothern Eastern Uva
2010 Marine Fish 73,600 80,970 33,600 92,240 51,850 332,260

Inland Fish 410 1,130 3,180 820 9,320 10,010 20,840 4,210 2,500 52,420
Total 74,010 1,130 84,150 34,420 101,560 61,860 20,840 4,210 2,500 384,680
2011 Marine Fish 90,770 98,740 46,370 88,320 61,070 385,270
Inland Fish 430 1,360 3,600 2,150 10,670 11,140 22,740 4,480 2,990 59,560
Total 91,200 1,360 102,340 48,520 98,990 72,210 22,740 4,480 2,990 444,830
2012 Marine Fish 91,570 103,110 59,340 95,510 67,690 417,220
Inland Fish 1,200 4,030 5,140 2,810 9,290 11,400 27,210 5,320 2,550 68,950
Total 92,770 4,030 108,250 62,150 104,800 79,090 27,210 5,320 2,550 486,170
2013 Marine Fish 94,030 140,620 55,640 84,570 71,070 445,930
Inland Fish 1,369 3,043 8,137 3,539 11,225 13,160 17,160 7,506 1,771 66,910
Total 95,399 3,043 148,757 59,179 95,795 84,230 17,160 7,506 1,771 512,840
2014 (a) Marine Fish 85,320 152,790 72,730 75,720 72,740 459,300
Inland Fish 1,286 2,009 7,110 3,558 12,192 10,760 23,860 10,990 3,985 75,750
Total 86,606 2,009 159,900 76,288 87,912 83,500 23,860 10,990 3,985 535,050
2015 (b) Marine Fish 75,380 156,530 72,560 70,800 77,620 452,890
Inland Fish 1,315 1,699 4,926 3,736 11,764 13,240 19,100 8,643 2,877 67,300
Total 76,695 1,699 161,456 76,296 82,564 90,860 19,100 8,643 2,877 520,190
(a) Revised (b) Provisional Source : Ministry of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources Development
54
NATIONAL LIVESTOCK STATISTICS 000
Type of Livestock 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 (a) 2015 (b)
Neat Cattle (No.)

Milk Cows Milking at present 249 251 280 306 294 301
Not milking at present 276 281 287 261 245 239
Total Cattle 1,170 1,192 1,236 1,169 1,105 1,088
Buffaloes (No.)
Milk Cows Milking at present 90 86 94 103 90 92
Not milking at present 80 77 77 67 56 56
Total Buffaloes 423 405 415 381 321 323
Goats (No.) 373 375 384 331 299 309
Sheep (No.) 8 8 9 9 8 8
Pigs (No.) 84 82 89 81 105 70
Chicken (No.) 14,018 14,199 14,039 16,647 16,630 16,744
Duck (No.) 13 12 13 13 12 12
Average Monthly Production
Cow Milk (Litres) 15,993 16,955 19,803 22,097 22,743 25,449
Buffalo Milk (Litres) 4,636 4,571 5,134 5,334 5,083 5,754
Total Milk (Litres) 20,630 21,525 24,938 27,431 27,825 31,204
Eggs (No.) 94,995 98,777 121,425 136,404 143,441 158,238
(a) Revised (b) Provisional Source : Department of Census and Statistics
55
AGRICULTURAL LAND USE Hectares 000
Item 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a)
Main Agricultural Crops

Paddy 1,065 1,223 1,067 1,227 964 1,254
Tea 222 222 222 222 222 203
Rubber 126 129 131 134 134 135
Minor Export Crops
Cocoa 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.4
Cinnamon 30.0 30.5 31.0 31.6 31.9 32.1
Cardamom 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8
Cloves 7.6 7.6 7.6 7.6 7.6 7.6
Pepper 30.9 31.3 31.7 32.0 32.3 32.4
Coffee 6.0 5.3 8.5 8.7 8.8 7.4
Selected Other Crops
Manioc 23.4 24.2 23.8 23.9 23.9 23.8
Maize 57.6 50.5 59.5 67.7 67.2 70.0
Chillies 13.3 13.3 14.7 14.4 14.0 13.0
Red Onions 5.2 6.1 6.1 4.6 4.9 4.9
Big Onions 4.2 3.5 5.4 4.2 6.8 5.6
Potatoes 3.8 4.5 4.6 5.1 5.4 5.5
Gingelly (Sesame) 18.4 14.4 15.6 17.1 14.5 17.8
Sugar Cane (with ratoons) (b) 7.4 7.0 9.2 11.8 12.6 12.3
Cowpea 10.9 9.3 11.0 10.8 11.5 9.2
Greengram 10.3 9.3 9.8 11.1 11.8 11.3
(a) Provisional Sources : Department of Census and Statistics Lanka Sugar Company (Pvt) Ltd.
(b) Includes Nucleus Estates and allottees Department of Export Agriculture Galoya Plantation (Pvt) Ltd.
56
INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION Rs. millon
Industrial Category 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014(a)(b) 2015(b)
Value Added in Industry (2010 Constant Prices) (c)

1,157,977 1,198,136 1,235,988 1,263,922 1,292,994 1,354,082
Manufacture of Food, Beverages & Tobacco Products
433,769 487,943 507,121 507,127 513,895 542,573
Manufacture of Textiles, Wearing Apparel and
Leather Related Products
264,905 238,254 244,496 264,527 276,653 276,710
Manufacture of Wood and of Products of Wood and Cork,
except Furniture 26,318 31,521 23,472 25,258 23,141 24,780
Manufacture of Paper Products, Printing and
Reproduction of Media Products 26,094 27,605 24,738 24,925 24,970 27,326
Manufacture of Coke and Refined Petroleum Products 22,281 35,457 28,858 27,514 28,723 29,075
Manufacture of Chemical Products and
Basic Pharmaceutical Products 69,450 67,644 75,582 81,982 82,244 85,101
Manufacture of Rubber and Plastic Products 63,257 75,656 83,307 82,187 71,914 75,296
Manufacture of Other Non-metallic Mineral Products 79,267 86,204 87,090 81,037 78,678 76,503
Manufacture of Basic Metals and Fabricated Metal Products 31,665 26,295 24,591 26,589 24,883 29,112
Manufacture of Machinery and Equipment 35,909 33,650 30,849 30,845 32,064 37,574
Manufacture of Furniture 56,402 53,352 63,922 67,488 82,752 88,269
Other Manufacturing, and Repair and Installation of
Machinery and Equipment 48,660 34,555 41,962 44,443 53,077 61,763
Industrial Production Index (2010=100) (d) 100.0 107.2 108.8 108.3 114.9 125.4
(a) Revised (b) Provisional Sources : Department of Census and Statistics
(c) Based on the base year 2010 GDP estimates of the Department of Census and Statistics. Central Bank of Sri Lanka
(d) Based on the Industrial Production Survey according to ISIC Revision 4.
57
ENERGY
Item 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a)
Petroleum
Imports
Crude Oil: Quantity MT 000 1,819 2,070 1,486 1,743 1,824 1,763
Value (C.I.F.) Rs. Mn. 120,180 183,056 157,758 182,064 187,760 100,578
Refined Products: (b)(c) Quantity MT 000 2,882 3,501 3,961 2,907 3,385 3,321
Value (C.I.F.) Rs. Mn. 222,273 335,225 467,058 352,984 391,651 244,148
Locally Refined Products, MT 000
Petrol 158 206 152 144 152 154
Diesel (d) 442 501 411 390 496 510
Kerosene 93 93 75 57 65 75
Furnace Oil 686 779 648 724 641 552
Aviation Fuel 126 155 93 125 168 155
Local Consumption, MT 000
Petrol 595 711 766 788 836 1,011
Diesel (d) 1,675 2,000 2,096 1,755 2,008 1,853
Kerosene 165 169 143 126 122 130
Furnace Oil 1,117 1,222 1,322 827 915 630
L.P. Gas (e) 187 205 211 218 232 293
Electricity
Available Capacity, MW 2,817 3,148 3,312 3,362 3,932 3,850
Units Generated, GWh 10,714 11,528 11,801 11,898 12,357 13,090
Hydro (f) 4,988 4,018 2,727 5,990 3,632 4,904
Thermal and Other (g) 5,726 7,510 9,074 5,908 8,725 8,186
Sales, GWh 9,268 10,024 10,475 10,621 11,063 11,786
Domestic and Religious 3,186 3,430 3,577 3,546 3,585 3,943
Industrial, General Purposes and Hotel 4,773 5,218 5,487 5,660 6,018 6,288
(a) Provisional (d) Super and Auto Diesel. Sources : Ceylon Petroleum Corporation Lanka IOC PLC
(b) Imports by Ceylon Petroleum Coporation, (e) Revised Lanka Marine Services (Pvt) Ltd. Ceylon Electricity Board
Lanka IOC and Lanka Marine Services (Pvt) Ltd. (f) Excluding mini hydro Sri Lanka Customs Central Bank of Sri Lanka
(c) Excluding Coal (g) Includes private power generation, coal and mini hydro power generation.
58
ELECTRICITY SERVICES BY PROVINCE
North North Sabara-
Year \ Province Western Central Southern Northern Eastern Uva LECO Total
Western Central gamuwa
No. of Consumer Accounts

2011 1,252,176 626,460 616,482 166,051 337,287 627,289 314,523 373,819 403,359 1 4,717,447
2012 1,296,316 653,912 636,247 188,284 366,942 663,514 338,951 401,725 433,969 1 4,979,861
2013 1,334,127 858,446 659,545 217,973 392,436 693,040 356,446 308,707 390,039 1 5,210,761
2014 1,370,114 883,595 679,316 241,719 418,014 720,471 372,667 325,787 405,847 1 5,417,532
2015 1,408,325 911,417 702,117 270,263 442,447 753,125 390,774 342,013 428,649 1 5,649,132
Sales (Gwh)
2011 4,428 739 759 199 446 1,003 357 370 457 1,267 10,023
2012 4,612 776 801 213 472 1,049 384 381 485 1,302 10,474
2013 4,644 884 816 240 482 1,046 397 322 482 1,308 10,621
2014 4,823 1,043 878 260 504 1,094 404 278 427 1,352 11,063
2015 5,059 1,133 930 301 557 1,165 438 301 457 1,446 11,786
Generation (Gwh)
(Excluding self generation)
2011 4,723 3,853 158 168 1,768 64 792 11,528
2012 5,812 2,688 91 159 2,127 46 878 11,801
2013 2,566 6,124 2 149 2,139 65 896 11,942
2014 3,653 3,768 2 155 3,921 28 829 12,357
2015 2,555 4,973 1 154 4,682 80 645 13,090
Note 1: Transmission Bulk Supply to LECO is accounted as one account. Sources : Ceylon Electricity Board
Note 2: Street Lighting Consumer Accounts are accounted as one account. Lanka Electricity Company Ltd.
59
PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICES
Item 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a)
Hospitals (practicing Western Medicine) No. 568 592 (b) 593 603 601 610
Beds No. 69,501 69,731 73,437 74,636 76,918 76,781
Primary Health Care Units No. 476 475 480 481 484 475
Doctors No. 14,125 (c) 16,384 (c) 17,129 17,553 17,903 19,429 (c)
Assistant Medical Practitioners No. 1,158 1,097 1,061 1,057 1,055 1,017
Nurses No. 27,494 29,101 30,136 30,928 31,964 32,272
Attendants No. 8,189 7,477 8,403 8,091 8,215 8,689
In - Patients No. 000 5,591 n.a. 5,840 5,926 n.a. n.a.
Out - Patients No. 000 49,871 n.a. 50,631 53,861 54,970 n.a.
Ayurvedic Physicians (d) No. 20,004 20,353 20,712 21,060 22,422 22,672
Total Health Expenditure Rs. mn. 73,835 89,237 99,101 119,530 138,403 177,789
Current Expenditure Rs. mn. 60,506 74,443 81,946 99,609 116,151 140,560
Capital Expenditure Rs. mn. 13,329 14,794 17,155 19,920 22,252 37,230
Total Health Expenditure as a % of GDP (e) 1.15 1.24 1.13 1.25 1.32 1.59
(a) Provisional. Sources : Ministry of Health, Nutrition and
(b) This includes 12 estate hospitals taken over by the government, 4 hospitals refurbished and made Indigenous Medicine
functional in Mullaitivu district and 8 Primary Health Care Units upgraded as divisional hospitals. Department of Ayurveda
(c) Including Intern Medical Officers. Ministry of Finance
(d) Registered with the Ayurvedic Medical Council. Department of Census and Statistics
(e) GDP (Base year 2010). Central Bank of Sri Lanka
n.a. Not available
60
EDUCATION
Item 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a)
Total Schools 10,502 10,549 10,737 10,849 10,971 10,997
Government 9,685 9,731 9,905 10,012 10,121 10,144
Private (b) 98 98 98 103 103 104
Pirivenas 719 720 734 734 747 749
Total Pupils 4,119,525 4,157,885 4,264,567 4,307,625 4,354,011 4,418,173
Government Schools 3,940,072 3,972,983 4,004,059 4,037,095 4,078,798 4,129,534
Private Schools 117,362 122,041 125,669 130,344 131,397 136,228
Pirivenas 62,091 62,681 64,608 66,116 62,870 64,806
International Schools (c) n.a. n.a. 70,231 74,070 80,919 87,605
New Admissions (d) 332,562 331,491 339,143 342,451 348,288 323,337
Total Teachers 224,541 228,336 242,689 243,332 253,649 259,967
Government Schools 212,457 216,397 223,724 223,752 232,990 236,999
Private Schools
Pirivenas
} 12,084 11,939 12,200 12,379 12,932 13,851
International Schools (c) n.a. n.a. 6,765 7,201 7,727 9,117
Pupils per Teacher 18 18 18 18 18 17
Universities 15 15 15 15 15 15
University Students (e) Total Enrolled 70,477 74,440 70,222 (f) 77,126 80,822 82,900
New Admissions 21,547 22,016 28,908 (g)(h) 24,198 (h) 25,200 25,624
University Lecturers 4,984 5,064 5,176 5,439 5,610 5,525
Govt. Expenditure on Education, Rs. mn. (i) 104,248 121,369 136,202 151,801 190,150 225,047
As a % of Total Govt. Expenditure 8.1 8.5 8.8 9.1 10.6 9.8
As a % of GDP (j) 1.63 1.68 1.56 1.58 1.82 2.01
(a) Provisional. to court cases relating to the discrepancies in the Z-score. However, the decrease was Sources : Ministry of Education
(b) Private Schools approved by the government and schools for children with special needs not significant as the final exams and academic terms of some universities were not University Grants Commission
(This figure excludes international schools which are registered under the Companies Act). completed by the end of the year due to Academic and Non-Academic staff strikes. Ministry of Finance
(c) Data from 2012 to 2014 are based on a survey carried out by the Central Bank of Sri Lanka (g) Including 5,182 students who has been admitted in additional to the normal intake due Department of Census and Statistics
in 2014 covering 120 international schools. Data reported in the table relate only to schools to court cases filed before the Supreme Court challenging the methodology used to Central Bank of Sri Lanka
that responded. The response rate was 63 per cent. 2015 data are based on an island wide calculate the Z-score.
survey carried out by the Ministry of Education. (h) Admissions in 2012 includes the intake from the 2011 GCE (A/L) but has been admitted
(d) Government Schools only. only in 2013, while the admissions in 2013 shows the undergraduates admitted in the first
(e) In all universities, excluding the Open University of Sri Lanka and external degree quarter of 2014.
courses. (i) Government expenditure on General and Higher Education.
(f) In 2012, student enrolment was less as the 2011 GCE (A/L) intake was not admitted due (j) GDP (Base year 2010)
61
WATER CONSUMPTION AND REVENUE BY PROVINCE
North North Sabara-
Year \ Province Western Central Southern Northern Eastern Uva Total
No. of Consumers
2011 687,558 179,688 222,472 7,087 106,066 46,686 67,294 59,192 73,258 1,449,301
2012 738,367 198,512 239,719 7,922 125,123 53,930 80,314 63,248 80,528 1,587,663
2013 782,514 211,940 260,842 9,088 144,321 58,808 85,912 68,955 85,367 1,707,747
2014 833,648 224,217 276,334 12,189 163,349 64,030 91,900 76,064 90,267 1,831,998
2015 878,417 236,506 293,330 14,834 185,306 69,183 100,668 81,555 94,870 1,954,669
Quantity of Water Sold (m3 Mn.)
2011 194.5 37.0 43.2 1.5 17.9 10.2 15.3 11.7 13.1 344.3
2012 210.5 40.2 47.0 1.5 20.0 10.7 17.0 12.4 14.2 373.5
2013 215.4 39.9 49.2 1.6 21.6 11.5 17.5 12.7 14.6 384.0
2014 230.3 43.3 53.6 2.0 24.9 13.0 19.2 14.0 15.8 416.2
2015 242.1 45.9 56.7 2.4 28.3 13.6 20.8 14.7 17.3 441.8
Revenue Billed (Rs. Mn.)
2011 8,611.2 1,029.9 1,383.4 49.6 553.0 299.4 552.8 398.0 442.5 13,319.8
2012 9,652.0 1,475.1 1,580.0 53.8 648.4 345.5 634.4 441.3 500.4 15,331.0
2013 11,454.8 1,442.5 2,015.9 70.5 851.6 431.9 770.7 521.6 601.9 18,161.5
2014 12,159.2 1,595.6 2,254.7 92.6 980.5 494.8 850.8 575.9 691.2 19,695.2
2015 12,644.3 1,650.1 2,319.6 107.3 1,070.3 502.9 896.4 586.6 714.3 20,491.7
Revenue Collected (Rs. Mn.)
2011 8,468.4 1,078.4 1,349.6 47.2 556.6 303.8 582.4 390.6 411.1 13,188.1
2012 9,359.0 1,308.7 1,488.1 57.4 586.4 355.7 657.1 416.1 476.1 14,704.6
2013 11,491.5 1,462.9 2,076.1 73.3 819.2 439.5 791.2 512.6 601.3 18,267.6
2014 12,324.8 1,574.0 2,209.4 95.3 993.6 497.8 894.1 577.1 682.0 19,848.1
2015 13,017.0 1,684.3 2,387.5 106.9 1,085.4 520.1 930.1 616.4 709.6 21,057.2
Source : National Water Supply and Drainage Board
62
COMMUNICATIONS
Item 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a)
Post Offices 4,742 4,742 4,738 4,628 4,692 4,692

Main Post Offices 648 648 651 651 653 653
Sub-Post Offices 3,410 3,410 3,411 3,375 3,410 3,410
Private Post Offices 684 684 676 602 629 629
Area served by a Post Office (sq. km) 14 14 13 14 13 13
Population served by a Post Office (No.) 4,355 4,401 4,311 4,447 4,427 4,468
Telephones 20,801,982 21,927,839 23,773,461 23,021,937 24,832,848 26,985,740
Wireline Telephones in Service (No.) 896,710 941,780 999,354 1,062,065 1,123,126 1,128,291
Wireless Local Loop Telephones (No.) 2,637,865 2,666,612 2,450,037 (b) 1,644,722 (c) 1,586,722 1,472,905
Cellular Phones 17,267,407 18,319,447 20,324,070 20,315,150 (c) 22,123,000 24,384,544
Telephone Density (per 100 persons) 100.7 105.1 116.4 111.9 119.6 128.7
Public Pay Phones 6,958 6,458 6,983 6,773 6,642 5,809
Internet Connections (d) 502,000 844,749 1,365,655 2,009,456 3,396,295 4,090,920
(a) Provisional. Sources : Telecommunications Regulatory Commission of Sri Lanka

(b) Wireless Local Loop telephones declined in 2012 due to the rectification of Department of Census and Statistics
statistical reportings subsequent to the merger of two companies. Department of Posts
(c) Wireless Local Loop telephones and Cellular phones declined in 2013 due to a revision
in the classification of active subscribers in January 2013.
(d) Including mobile internet connections from 2010 onwards.
63
TELECOMMUNICATION SERVICES BY PROVINCE Number
Year \ Province Western Central Southern Northern Eastern North North Uva Sabara- Total
Land Phones
Sri Lanka Telecom Ltd. (includes Wireline and CDMA provided by SLT)
2010 716,793 146,295 132,695 49,895 75,132 104,857 57,373 71,040 93,231 1,447,311
2011 733,616 149,340 134,970 52,608 74,184 104,847 56,573 72,135 94,114 1,472,387
2012 752,935 153,266 138,687 55,959 75,469 106,418 57,676 73,749 97,004 1,511,163
2013 786,801 160,917 144,106 59,549 74,944 107,522 59,534 77,274 100,662 1,571,309
2014 824,595 171,852 149,628 68,470 82,014 112,574 63,651 82,728 107,785 1,663,297
2015 821,168 167,980 147,395 72,903 80,781 51,123 127,554 84,765 109,547 1,663,216
Wireless Local Loop & CDMA
(provided by Dialog Broadband and Lankabell)
2010 720,256 195,468 272,880 51,373 80,007 236,686 174,370 168,723 231,389 2,131,152
2011 719,246 230,242 269,445 55,912 80,613 235,283 171,850 173,952 199,462 2,136,005
2012 667,176 209,669 244,867 45,773 57,851 213,544 153,804 160,701 184,843 1,938,228
2013 282,075 147,605 162,373 32,238 32,797 141,770 94,437 118,696 123,487 1,135,478
2014 266,389 135,782 142,310 33,142 30,807 130,396 83,026 113,075 111,624 1,046,551
2015 239,578 123,476 128,869 32,543 31,915 138,831 95,195 198,355 99,084 1,087,846
Public Pay Phones
2010 4,004 886 803 141 429 657 374 290 394 7,978
2011 3,755 786 751 126 360 604 350 264 326 7,322
2012 3,285 918 732 90 338 671 305 259 385 6,983
2013 3,314 840 696 78 296 627 310 233 379 6,773
2014 3,307 801 659 76 255 647 292 234 371 6,642
2015 2,678 351 609 83 244 593 274 206 771 5,809
Source : Telecommunication Regulatory Commission of Sri Lanka
64
Selected Socio Economic Indicators
200
Telephones, per 100 Persons (Fixed Access Services, Wireless Services and Cellular Phones)
Internet Connections, per 1,000 Persons (including Mobile Broadband Connections from 2010 onwards)
150
Number
100
50
0
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a)

Telephones, per 100 Persons
53.6 71.9 86.6 100.7 105.1 116.4 111.9 119.6 128.7
(Fixed Access Services, Wireless Services and Cellular Phones)
Internet Connections, per 1,000 Persons
10.1 11.6 11.7 24.3 40.5 66.9 97.6 163.5 195.1
(including Mobile Broadband Connections from 2010 onwards)
(a) Provisional
65
POSTAL SERVICES BY PROVINCE
No. of Main Post Offices

2011 144 102 91 52 56 63 38 46 54 646
2012 146 100 92 52 56 65 38 46 54 649
2013 146 100 93 52 56 65 39 46 54 651
2014 147 101 93 52 56 65 39 46 54 653
2015 147 102 92 52 56 65 39 46 54 653
No. of Sub Post Offices
2011 533 532 506 252 222 420 272 251 386 3,374
2012 537 531 505 256 222 419 272 250 382 3,374
2013 537 531 505 257 222 419 272 250 382 3,375
2014 553 532 509 264 222 419 272 253 386 3,410
2015 553 534 507 264 222 419 272 253 386 3,410
No. of Agency Post Offices/

Co-operative Thrift 2011 208 19 39 16 15 45 12 11 48 413
Society and 2012 313 50 37 25 18 60 22 21 56 602
Estate Agency 2013 313 50 37 25 18 60 22 21 56 602
Post Offices 2014 326 58 43 26 17 64 24 18 53 629
2015 326 58 43 26 17 64 24 18 53 629
Total No. of Post Offices

2011 885 653 636 320 293 528 322 308 488 4,433
2012 996 681 634 333 296 544 332 317 492 4,625
2013 996 681 635 334 296 544 333 317 492 4,628
2014 1,026 691 645 342 295 548 335 317 493 4,692
2015 1,026 694 642 342 295 548 335 317 493 4,692
Source : Department of Posts
66
TRANSPORTATION
Item 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a)
Road Kilometerage (b) 12,019 12,019 12,165 12,169 12,208 12,210
New Registration of Motor Vehicles 359,243 525,421 397,295 326,651 429,556 668,907
Buses and Coaches 2,491 4,248 3,095 1,805 3,851 4,140
Cars 23,072 57,886 31,546 28,380 38,780 105,628
Motor Cycles 204,811 253,331 192,284 169,280 272,885 370,889
Goods Transport Vehicles (c) 23,557 48,336 49,663 30,475 25,920 46,598
Land Vehicles 19,664 23,194 21,892 13,038 9,082 12,105
Three Wheelers 85,648 138,426 98,815 83,673 79,038 129,547
SLCTB / Regional Bus Companies
Buses Operated (Average per day) 4,441 4,365 4,314 4,373 4,226 5,270
Passenger Kilometers, mn. 11,815 11,907 11,909 12,201 12,717 15,210
Private Operator Buses (Permits issued) 19,805 19,699 20,444 19,651 20,421 19,397
Sri Lanka Railways
Passenger Kilometers, mn. 4,353 4,574 5,039 6,257 6,842 7,407
Freight Ton Kilometers, mn. 163 154 142 133 130 130
AirLanka / SriLankan Airlines
Passenger Kilometers Flown, mn. 9,400 10,677 12,790 12,988 12,719 12,747
Passengers, 000 2,808 3,010 4,164 4,019 4,169 4,314
Freight, 000 tonnes 83 90 98 100 96 103
(a) Provisional. Sources: Sri Lanka Transport Board
(b) Kilometerage of A and B class roads maintained by Road Development Authority. Department of Motor Traffic
Sri Lanka Railways
(c) Includes dual purpose vehicles. Civil Aviation Authority of Sri Lanka
Road Development Authority
67
REGIONAL BUS COMPANIES SERVICES BY PROVINCE
No. of Buses Operated
2010 1,083 645 431 168 229 503 336 411 621 4,427
2011 1,088 628 438 165 217 491 341 378 603 4,350
2012 1,024 621 408 151 195 494 345 393 619 4,250
2013 1,151 570 410 179 214 499 442 419 503 4,387
2014 1,240 613 414 180 228 507 436 449 529 4,596
2015 (a) 1,385 767 482 227 295 574 415 549 591 5,285
Operated km. mn.
2010 81.2 43.1 39.3 14.2 21.3 42.0 29.6 31.3 38.7 340.6
2011 83.3 42.8 40.6 14.2 20.4 41.3 29.9 28.8 38.2 339.5
2012 80.6 42.8 37.8 14.4 19.5 42.5 31.2 29.3 39.8 337.8
2013 82.3 41.3 35.8 15.3 20.7 42.0 35.0 31.4 38.8 342.8
2014 97.5 42.4 38.5 17.1 23.7 43.5 38.4 35.1 35.1 371.2
2015 (a) 112.3 54.6 45.4 23.3 30.3 50.4 38.5 45.4 40.3 440.4
Passenger km. mn.
2010 2,798.1 1,586.6 1,395.5 437.1 833.0 1,415.4 1,070.2 1,051.4 1,227.6 11,814.9
2011 2,911.7 1,650.9 1,469.2 445.7 841.2 1,401.8 1,081.8 984.0 1,120.5 11,906.7
2012 2,882.1 1,691.5 1,367.8 471.8 734.9 1,434.1 1,078.9 985.5 1,262.6 11,909.2
2013 2,908.4 1,630.2 1,370.4 538.0 824.0 1,407.4 1,243.4 1,040.3 1,241.9 12,203.9
2014 3,152.9 1,709.3 1,337.7 570.9 932.9 1,451.7 1,305.9 1,139.8 1,122.4 12,723.4
2015 (a) 3,685.8 2,143.4 1,598.5 824.1 1,166.1 1,663.0 1,330.4 1,470.7 1,337.3 15,219.2
(a) Provisional Source : Sri Lanka Transport Board
Note : Buses under SLTTS (Sri Lanka Tourist Transport Service), are included in Western Province from 2014 onwards.
68
PRIVATE OPERATOR BUS SERVICES BY PROVINCE
No. of Buses Operated

2010 5,535 2,476 1,444 530 521 1,850 817 933 1,778 15,884
2011 5,803 2,739 1,612 993 471 1,836 948 1,027 1,174 16,602
2012 6,071 2,751 1,621 1,021 526 1,839 926 1,028 1,346 17,129
2013 5,384 2,783 1,753 963 530 1,925 831 1,143 1,755 17,067
2014 6,746 2,806 1,816 968 460 1,820 764 1,152 2,001 18,534
2015 (a)(b) 4,808 2,012 1,205 1,006 382 1,258 623 827 1,715 13,836
Operated km. mn.
2010 266.7 119.3 69.6 25.5 25.1 89.1 39.4 44.9 85.7 765.3
2011 279.6 131.9 77.7 47.8 22.7 88.4 45.6 49.5 56.5 799.8
2012 292.5 132.6 78.1 49.2 25.3 88.6 44.6 49.6 64.8 825.3
2013 267.3 138.2 87.0 47.8 26.3 95.6 41.2 56.7 87.1 847.2
2014 361.8 152.4 112.7 50.4 27.3 115.2 45.9 64.0 112.1 1,041.8
2015 (a)(b) 238.7 99.9 59.8 49.9 19.0 62.4 30.9 41.1 85.1 686.8
Passenger km. mn.
2010 13,999.5 6,262.3 3,651.5 1,341.9 1,318.6 4,680.0 2,067.3 2,359.3 4,497.4 40,177.8
2011 14,678.9 6,927.1 4,077.9 2,512.2 1,191.4 4,643.0 2,396.9 2,597.2 2,968.6 41,993.2
2012 15,356.3 6,958.5 4,100.2 2,582.6 1,330.5 4,651.7 2,342.3 2,600.2 3,404.6 43,326.9
2013 14,031.2 7,252.8 4,568.5 2,509.7 1,381.2 5,016.7 2,165.7 2,978.8 4,573.7 44,478.3
2014 16,715.2 7,040.3 5,205.9 2,328.0 1,261.2 5,321.5 2,121.6 2,954.6 5,181.1 48,129.4
2015 (a)(b)
11,026.5 4,614.3 2,763.5 2,307.1 876.1 2,885.1 1,428.8 1,896.6 3,933.1 31,731.1
Provisional
(a) (b) Estimated Source : National Transport Commission
69
MOTOR VEHICLES BY PROVINCE(a) Number
Vehicle Category \ Province Western Central Southern Northern Eastern North North Uva Sabara- All
Year 2014 (b)

Omnibuses * 7,699 2,612 1,894 1,146 720 2,187 816 787 1,971 19,832
Private Coaches ** 13,779 2,061 2,972 474 427 2,890 670 893 2,247 26,413
Dual Purpose Vehicles 135,263 28,458 30,436 5,760 9,607 38,050 15,051 11,366 18,670 292,661
Private Cars 269,063 38,309 31,402 3,511 6,265 31,567 9,500 9,102 19,740 418,459
Land Vehicles 15,016 3,845 13,578 11,775 17,872 13,772 7,691 6,915 3,178 93,642
Goods Transport Vehicles 91,538 22,423 20,299 3,744 6,008 30,211 10,838 8,992 16,102 210,155
Motor Cycles 600,347 100,830 257,722 124,023 163,326 303,235 143,238 72,356 101,637 1,866,714
Threewheelers 272,884 101,504 108,938 14,389 34,782 84,289 41,308 50,672 95,413 804,179
Others 1,328 157 320 1,812 231 635 34 706 663 5,886
Total 1,406,917 300,199 467,561 166,634 239,238 506,836 229,146 161,789 259,621 3,737,941
Year 2015 (c)
Omnibuses * 8,931 2,971 2,002 1,239 659 2,161 926 939 1,992 21,820
Private Coaches ** 16,258 2,344 3,505 560 534 3,385 841 924 2,527 30,878
Dual Purpose Vehicles 150,136 33,982 36,716 7,106 11,929 43,369 21,372 14,992 21,885 341,487
Private Cars 313,430 49,169 46,222 4,488 9,265 43,717 16,290 13,567 27,772 523,920
Land Vehicles 15,262 3,502 14,276 12,757 19,275 15,020 9,682 8,201 3,470 101,445
Goods Transport Vehicles 96,483 24,299 21,844 3,766 6,231 32,867 12,055 10,144 16,882 224,571
Motor Cycles 681,223 132,210 325,046 150,623 194,193 356,233 194,061 91,369 125,665 2,250,623
Threewheelers 313,182 116,342 126,055 16,854 43,984 96,065 56,428 62,912 109,016 940,838
Others 814 608 199 1,935 164 519 45 750 1,286 6,320
Total 1,595,719 365,427 575,865 199,328 286,234 593,336 311,700 203,798 310,495 4,441,902
(a) Motor Vehicles with valid revenue licenses. (b) Revised. (c) Provisional. Sources : Divisional Secretariats
* Buses owned by SLTB and private buses with route permits. ** Other private buses and coaches without route permits. Central Bank of Sri Lanka
70
PORT SERVICES
Item 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a)
Vessels Arrived 4,067 4,332 4,134 3,976 4,264 4,728
Colombo 3,910 4,124 3,870 3,667 3,742 4,197
Galle 48 73 69 36 60 72
Trincomalee 109 126 161 134 127 164
Hambantota 9 34 139 335 295
Cargo Handled (Loaded and Discharged), MT 000 61,240 65,069 64,970 66,243 74,410 77,579
Colombo 58,768 62,016 61,669 63,482 70,794 73,718
Galle 318 464 422 207 394 542
Trincomalee 2,154 2,574 2,859 2,435 2,748 3,027
Hambantota - 15 20 119 474 293
Port of Colombo Cargo Handled, MT 000 58,768 62,016 61,670 63,482 70,794 73,718
Containerised 51,426 54,109 53,504 56,195 63,329 65,682
Break Bulk 627 722 618 364 601 1,113
Dry Bulk 2,556 2,620 2,709 2,657 2,444 2,344
Liquid Bulk 4,159 4,565 4,839 4,265 4,420 4,579
Port of Colombo Container Throughput, TEU 000 4,137.4 4,262.9 4,187.1 4,306.2 4,907.9 5,185.5
Domestic (Exports and Imports) 932.2 1,046.9 1,020.3 1,032.0 1,127.0 1,218.0
Transhipment 3,095.6 3,123.8 3,064.8 3,208.1 3,699.7 3,888.3
Re-stowing 109.6 92.2 102.1 66.1 81.2 79.2
Revenue, Rs. Mn. 28,280 31,086 38,098 37,232 37,492 40,805
Colombo 27,724 30,347 36,943 35,804 35,159 37,214
Galle 277 441 597 478 696 915
Trincomalee 279 285 423 366 400 530
Hambantota 13 135 585 1,237 2,145
(a) Provisional TEU : Twenty Foot Equivalent Container Unit Source : Sri Lanka Ports Authority
71
PRICES
Item 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a)
Indicators of Price Level
Colombo Consumers Price Index (CCPI) (2006/07 = 100) 141.9 151.5 162.9 174.2 179.9 181.5
Sub Indices : Food and Non-Alcoholic Beverages 158.8 172.7 180.9 195.2 202.5 212.4
Housing, Water, Electricity, Gas and Other Fuels 119.2 124.4 136.4 151.0 152.7 138.2
Transport 139.7 149.6 181.9 190.2 198.9 182.9
Communication 90.3 90.3 90.3 90.3 93.9 94.0
Education 135.9 140.6 141.2 142.6 143.3 148.1
CCPI Core (b) 140.9 150.6 159.4 166.5 172.3 177.6
National Consumer Price Index (NCPI) (2013 = 100) 105.5 109.5
Sub Indices : Food and Non-Alcoholic Beverages 105.2 110.7
Housing, Water, Electricity, Gas and Other Fuels 110.1 114.7
Transport 102.7 92.8
Communication 103.7 103.8
Health 105.4 114.8
Clothing and Footwear 103.2 110.5
NCPI Core (c) 105.7 110.6
Producers Price Index (2013 Q4 = 100) 101.6 105.3
Implicit GDP Deflator Index (1996 = 100) 338.9 351.8 389.9 414.3 430.3 (a)(d) 439.5
Cost of Construction Index (1990 = 100) 465.9 490.9 550.9 590.4 604.9 621.3
(a) Provisional (c) Based on NCPI (2013 = 100) (Continued)
(b) Based on CCPI (2006/07 = 100) (d) Revised
72
PRICES (Contd.)
Item 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a)
Price Changes (Annual average), %
Colombo Consumers Price Index (CCPI) (2006/07 = 100) 6.2 6.7 7.6 6.9 3.3 0.9
Sub Indices : Food and Non-Alcoholic Beverages 6.9 8.8 4.7 7.9 3.8 4.9
Housing, Water, Electricity, Gas and Other Fuels 3.5 4.3 9.6 10.7 1.1 -9.5
Transport 0.9 7.1 21.6 4.6 4.5 -8.0
Communication 2.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 4.0 0.1
Education 12.6 3.5 0.5 0.9 0.5 3.4
CCPI Core (b) 7.0 6.9 5.8 4.4 3.5 3.1
National Consumer Price Index (NCPI) (2013 = 100) 3.8
Sub Indices : Food and Non-Alcoholic Beverages 5.2
Housing, Water, Electricity, Gas and Other Fuels 4.2
Transport -9.6
Communication 0.1
Health 8.9
Clothing and Footwear 7.1
NCPI Core (c) 4.6
Producers Price Index (2013 Q4 = 100) 3.6
Implicit GDP Deflator (1996 = 100) 7.3 3.8 10.8 6.2 3.9 (a)(d) 2.1
Cost of Construction Index (1990=100) 2.1 5.4 12.2 7.2 2.5 2.7
(a) Provisional (c) Based on NCPI (2013 = 100) Sources : Department of Census and Statistics
(b) Based on CCPI (2006/07 = 100) (d) Revised Construction Industry Development Authority
73
PURCHASING MANAGERS INDEX (PMI)
Year Month PMI Manufacturing PMI Services
June 57.5 65.0
2015 September 53.2 61.7
December 57.9 60.2
March 60.7 61.6

2016
June 55.1 56.3
Note : Source : Central Bank of Sri Lanka
The Index
PMI is calculated as a Diffusion Index, where it takes values between 0 to 100.
PMI = 50; sector remained neutral
PMI > 50; sector is generally expanding
PMI < 50; sector is generally contracting
74
PRICES OF SELECTED FOOD ITEMS Rs. per kg.
Producer Price (Average) Retail Price (Average)
Item All Island All Island Colombo City
2013 2014 2015(a) 2013 2014 2015(a) 2013 2014 2015(a)
Rice
Samba 33.22 41.12 41.12 71.89 83.83 90.25 70.48 84.20 89.67
Par-Boiled 29.96 38.38 35.60 62.02 75.75 76.73 60.61 77.58 77.06
Kekulu 30.16 39.06 37.21 58.35 71.92 74.85 59.71 73.80 75.91
Vegetables
Green Beans 76.95 83.01 125.74 130.35 134.03 195.82 134.40 134.31 199.02
Carrot 80.06 81.57 119.69 131.05 133.37 182.54 133.40 136.40 182.07
Leeks 70.06 66.98 103.90 115.60 114.69 166.35 103.47 108.04 155.87
Tomatoes 57.35 68.42 76.18 97.44 114.91 132.11 97.14 120.20 130.00
Ash Plantains 38.78 40.66 50.01 75.10 79.43 99.35 83.80 95.20 112.56
Pumpkin 31.85 34.83 39.32 62.94 66.70 78.18 57.70 56.08 73.44
Bitter Gourd 66.83 76.53 93.30 109.11 124.42 155.93 112.40 126.20 148.11
Brinjals 43.39 48.72 56.75 76.88 84.75 101.72 80.80 97.06 105.87
Leafy Vegetables
Gotukola (b) 58.71 58.25 61.12 19.35 20.17 22.38 20.00 20.00 25.53
Mukunuwenna (b) 47.49 49.50 49.83 20.71 21.52 24.11 20.00 20.00 29.77
Potatoes 84.62 88.88 93.80 117.42 121.26 125.96 117.35 126.47 129.22
Manioc 28.91 30.76 33.29 50.54 52.92 56.99 60.10 63.14 63.78
Sweet Potatoes 36.06 37.74 46.30 64.43 66.75 80.59 73.40 80.45 95.24
(a) Provisional (b) Producer prices represent prices per kg while retail prices are for a bunch. (Continued)
75
PRICES OF SELECTED FOOD ITEMS (Contd.) Rs. per kg.
Producer Price (Average) Retail Price (Average)
Item All Island All Island Colombo City
2013 2014 2015(a) 2013 2014 2015(a) 2013 2014 2015(a)
Green Gram 199.71 225.81 197.38 271.70 299.73 252.11 285.40 313.52 245.78
Dried Chillies 183.47 188.51 217.68 227.94 230.85 275.76 222.40 230.61 285.76
Red Onions 106.14 66.55 75.66 171.97 102.46 125.91 180.10 107.80 129.87
Dhal (Maisoor) 153.64 161.37 181.88 159.20 165.50 177.05
Meat and Eggs
Beef 473.07 497.29 539.55 530.00 581.20 665.00
Chicken 334.37 315.33 330.25 411.83 420.27 458.79 412.00 406.40 477.67
Eggs (each) 12.46 11.77 12.38 14.55 13.55 14.94 13.14 11.85 13.90
Sea Fish
Seer (Thora) 644.24 653.12 723.43 1,031.41 1,030.13 1,070.95 1,186.96 1,115.49 1,267.50
Trevally (Paraw) 460.50 460.25 504.49 673.21 697.23 725.97 514.04 576.08 617.18
Skip Jack (Balaya) 309.84 324.29 357.21 507.84 528.05 559.38 344.04 356.08 357.95
Tuna (Kelawalla) 433.77 453.41 478.90 678.33 711.20 753.22 489.36 539.50 600.44
Sail Fish (Talapath) 404.43 425.74 511.28 755.80 778.44 824.50 601.06 639.40 685.45
Dried Fish
Queen Fish (Kattawa) 657.36 649.95 673.45 918.13 944.45 971.34 818.00 831.25 932.22
Skip Jack (Balaya) 530.56 532.47 537.25 661.12 693.03 717.22 572.00 630.00 662.22
Mackeral (Kumbalawa) 403.04 423.00 404.81 398.30 465.38 398.30 465.38
Sprats (Halmessa) 509.71 454.87 397.16 577.52 495.14 493.22 530.00 420.64 469.11
(a) Provisional Source : Central Bank of Sri Lanka
76
WAGE RATE INDICES
Wage Rate Index (a)(b) 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Wage Rate Index for Public Sector Employees (2012 = 100)
All Central Government 100.0 106.3 117.5 154.8
(6.3) (10.5) (31.7)
Senior Level Officers 100.0 103.6 110.8 134.6
(3.6) (7.0) (21.4)
Tertiary Level Officers 100.0 106.0 116.4 149.0
(6.0) (9.8) (28.0)
Secondary Level Officers 100.0 106.5 117.9 155.8
(6.5) (10.7) (32.1)
Primary Level Officers 100.0 106.8 119.2 162.9
(6.8) (11.6) (36.6)
Minimum Wage Rate Index for workers in Wages Boards Trades (1978 Dec. = 100)
Workers in Agriculture Trades 3,327.6 3,427.2 4,433.0 4,435.9 4,560.9 4,734.4
(41.6) (3.0) (29.3) (0.1) (2.8) (3.8)
Workers in Industry and Commerce Trades 2,199.0 2,402.1 2,402.1 3,191.6 3,459.1 3,459.1
(7.1) (9.2) (0.0) (32.9) (8.4) (0.0)
Workers in Services Trades 1,673.3 1,851.8 1,851.8 2,241.5 2,313.2 2,313.2
(8.2) (10.7) (0.0) (21.0) (3.2) (0.0)
Workers in all Trades 2,865.3 2,996.1 3,662.0 3,869.2 4,012.2 4,127.0
(32.0) (4.6) (22.2) (5.7) (3.7) (2.9)
(a) Indices for nominal wage rates exclude bonus, over-time and other special payments. Sources : Department of Labour
(b) The figures in parenthesis indicate annual average percentage changes of indices. Central Bank of Sri Lanka
77 (Contd)
WAGE RATE INDICES (Contd.)
Wage Rate Index (a)(b) 2012 2013 2014 2015
Wage Rate Index for Informal Private Sector Employees (2012 = 100)
Informal Private Sector 100.0 109.8 118.1 126.7
(9.8) (7.6) (7.3)
Agriculture 100.0 111.2 118.3 128.3
(11.2) (6.3) (8.5)
Paddy 100.0 110.6 116.4 130.1
(10.6) (5.2) (11.8)
Coconut 100.0 115.3 123.3 128.9
(15.3) (7.0) (4.5)
Rubber 100.0 113.5 119.3 126.3
(13.5) (5.1) (5.9)
Tea 100.0 110.5 117.9 128.3
(10.5) (6.7) (8.9)
Industry 100.0 110.1 119.0 129.0
(10.1) (8.2) (8.4)
Construction 100.0 108.7 114.9 122.6
(8.7) (5.7) (6.7)
Small Industries 100.0 110.3 120.6 131.6
(10.3) (9.3) (9.1)
Services 100.0 108.9 117.1 123.9
(8.9) (7.5) (5.9)
Wholesale and Retail Trade 100.0 109.3 115.7 121.9
(9.3) (5.8) (5.4)
Transport 100.0 108.1 115.3 121.2
(8.1) (6.7) (5.1)
(a) The figures in parenthesis indicate annual average percentage changes of indices. Source : Central Bank of Sri Lanka
(b) Only selected sub-categories are presented under each sector.
78
EXPORTS
US dollars million Rupees million
Item
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a) 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a)
Agricultural Exports 2,528 2,331 2,581 2,794 2,481 279,466 297,715 333,942 364,762 337,007
Tea 1,491 1,412 1,542 1,628 1,340 164,869 180,429 199,446 212,588 182,054
Rubber 206 125 71 45 26 22,811 15,726 9,194 5,916 3,548
Coconut 266 209 205 356 352 29,394 26,594 26,488 46,517 47,745
Other Agricultural Crops 565 586 763 764 763 62,392 74,966 98,814 99,741 103,660
Industrial Exports 7,992 7,371 7,749 8,262 7,976 883,771 938,762 1,001,808 1,078,725 1,082,298
Textiles and Garments 4,191 3,991 4,508 4,930 4,820 463,509 508,607 583,046 643,688 654,794
Petroleum Products 553 463 428 338 374 61,170 58,902 55,128 44,132 50,461
Other Industrial Products 3,248 2,917 2,813 2,994 2,781 359,091 371,254 363,634 390,905 377,043
Mineral Exports 33 61 52 59 28 3,631 7,833 6,727 7,764 3,826
Unclassified Exports 7 10 12 15 20 720 1,221 1,577 1,924 2,660
Total Exports 10,559 9,774 10,394 11,130 10,505 1,167,588 1,245,531 1,344,054 1,453,176 1,425,791
Export Value Index (2010=100) 122.5 113.4 120.6 129.1 121.8 119.8 127.8 137.9 149.1 146.3
Export Volume Index (2010=100) 110.2 110.0 117.3 122.3 128.0 110.2 110.0 117.3 122.3 128.0
Export Unit Value Index (2010=100) 111.2 103.1 102.8 105.5 95.2 108.7 116.2 117.5 121.9 114.3
Terms of Trade (2010=100) 90.9 89.5 93.6 97.6 99.9 90.9 89.6 93.8 97.6 99.8
(a) Provisional Sources : Ceylon Petroleum Corporation and other Exporters of Petroleum
Sri Lanka Customs
79
IMPORTS
Item
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a) 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a)
Consumer Goods 3,654 2,995 3,182 3,853 4,713 404,037 380,968 410,996 503,021 640,352
Rice 18 24 18 282 135 2,035 3,083 2,297 36,795 17,956
Flour 14 5 2 2 2 1,538 628 237 270 277
Sugar 426 345 289 255 253 47,091 43,872 37,187 33,332 34,164
Milk and Milk Products 345 307 291 339 251 38,182 39,023 37,572 44,308 34,088
Intermediate Goods 12,275 11,578 10,554 11,398 9,638 1,357,505 1,474,534 1,361,740 1,488,091 1,309,234
Fertilizer 407 311 239 272 290 44,992 39,859 30,972 35,591 39,573
Fuel 4,795 5,045 4,308 4,597 2,700 530,389 640,197 555,930 600,150 366,339
Textile and Textile Articles 2,321 2,266 2,046 2,328 2,296 256,592 289,546 264,302 303,907 311,965
Wheat and Maize 429 364 323 405 357 47,382 46,352 41,551 52,844 48,658
Investment Goods 4,286 4,590 4,253 4,152 4,567 473,974 582,921 548,604 542,169 620,730
Building Materials 1,076 1,237 1,357 1,309 1,352 118,935 157,437 175,054 170,901 184,176
Transport Equipment 1,065 992 668 707 931 117,737 124,773 86,170 92,367 125,927
Machinery and Equipment 2,141 2,356 2,222 2,131 2,278 236,857 300,138 286,631 278,257 309,811
Unclassified Imports 54 28 14 14 16 5,972 3,455 1,788 1,882 2,151
Total Imports 20,269 19,190 18,003 19,417 18,935 2,241,488 2,441,879 2,323,128 2,535,163 2,572,467
Import Value Index (2010=100) 151.2 143.1 134.3 144.8 141.2 147.9 161.1 153.2 167.2 169.7
Import Volume Index (2010=100) 123.6 124.2 122.3 134.0 148.2 123.6 124.2 122.3 134.0 148.2
Import Unit Value Index (2010=100) 122.3 115.2 109.8 108.1 95.3 119.7 129.7 125.3 124.8 114.5
Terms of Trade (2010=100) 90.9 89.5 93.6 97.6 99.9 90.9 89.6 93.8 97.6 99.8
(a) Provisional. Sources : Sri Lanka Customs Ceylon Petroleum Corporation
Prima Ceylon (Pvt) Ltd. Lanka IOC PLC
Serendib Flour Mills (Pvt) Ltd. Central Bank of Sri Lanka
80
SELECTED EXPORTS
Item 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a)
Agricultural Commodities
Tea, MT 000 328 323 320 320 327 307
Rubber, MT 000 52 43 37 24 16 10
Coconut, Mn. Nuts (b) 251 386 351 379 716 552
Minor Agricultural Commodities, MT
Vegetables 20,994 13,446 10,814 22,737 40,460 25,846
Fruits 17,072 20,007 26,592 33,532 39,008 32,659
Coffee 26 10 10 19 57 24
Cinnamon 13,682 13,747 14,762 14,148 13,949 13,828
Unmanufactured Tobacco 695 708 861 1,142 1,162 880
Cashewnuts 337 311 146 51 129 113
Betel Leaves 2,604 2,845 1,934 3,024 2,998 2,404
Selected Other Commodities, MT
Mineral Exports (c) 3,231 3,341 3,094 3,083 3,116 2,834
Gems, 000 Carats 7,345 9,154 9,194 14,393 12,685 12,116
Textiles and Garments, mn. kgs. 758 861 797 923 973 1,054
(a) Provisional. Sources : National Gem & Jewellery Authority

(b) Nut equivalent of copra, oil and desiccated coconut. Sri Lanka Customs
(c) Graphite only. Central Bank of Sri Lanka
81
SELECTED IMPORTS
Item Unit 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a)
Rice MT 000 126 28 36 23 600 286

Wheat Grain MT 000 1,051 1,242 1,084 895 1,179 1,208
Sugar MT 000 548 606 569 548 520 624
Milk and Milk Food (b) MT 000 76 88 84 69 71 86
Infant Milk Food MT 911 1,756 1,446 1,545 1,172 1,613
Fish Dried (c) MT 000 49 50 41 39 36 35
Other MT 000 34 33 31 40 43 85
Pharmaceutical Products MT 000 558 82 189 122 108 74
Fertilizer MT 000 649 801 640 600 765 873
Crude Oil MT 000 1,819 2,070 1,486 1,743 1,824 1,763
Cement MT 000 2,012 2,584 3,796 4,123 4,363 4,092
Motor Vehicles (d) No. 37,522 68,763 103,182 32,321 46,647 134,715
Motor Cycles No. 226,426 252,036 186,372 160,524 314,060 349,385
Tractors No. 18,617 26,870 18,967 13,701 5,842 12,601
(a) Provisional. Sources : Sri Lanka Customs
(b) Excluding infant milk food. Central Bank of Sri Lanka
(c) Including maldive fish, sprats and smoked fish.
(d) Including motor cars, vans, lorries and buses.
82
TOURISM
Item 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a)
Tourist Arrivals 654,476 855,975 1,005,605 1,274,593 1,527,153 1,798,380

Excursionist Arrivals (b) 112,497 119,875 126,523 140,009 138,097 195,134
Tourist Guest Nights, 000 6,548 8,560 (c) 10,056 10,909 (c) 15,119 18,163
Hotels (d), No. 783 906 894 967 1,055 1,763
Rooms (d), No. 20,609 20,794 22,142 23,596 26,037 30,079
Room Occupancy Rate (e), % 70.2 77.1 71.2 71.7 74.3 74.5
Gross Tourist Receipts, Rs. mn. 65,018 91,926 132,427 221,720 317,479 405,492
US $ mn. 575 830 1,039 1,715 2,431 2,981
Total Employment 132,055 138,685 162,869 270,150 299,890 319,436 (f)

Direct Employment 55,023 57,786 67,862 112,550 129,790 135,930 (f)
Indirect Employment 77,032 80,899 95,007 157,600 170,100 183,506 (f)
(a) Provisional Sources : Sri Lanka Tourism Development Authority
(b) Refers to those who spend less than 24 hours in the country. Central Bank of Sri Lanka
(c) Revised
(d) Graded and Supplementary Establishments only.
(e) Graded Establishments only.
(f) Estimates
83
BALANCE OF PAYMENTS(a)
Item
2014 (b) 2015 (c) 2014 (b) 2015 (c)
Current Account (net) -1,988 -2,009 -259,436 -274,562
Trade Balance -8,287 -8,430 -1,081,987 -1,146,676
Services (net) 1,880 2,325 245,496 316,170
Primary Income (net) -1,808 -2,097 -236,073 -286,137
Secondary Income (net) 6,227 6,193 813,128 842,082
Capital Account (net) 58 46 7,684 6,256
Current and Capital Account -1,929 -1,962 -251,752 -268,306
Financial Account (net) -1,536 -2,271 -200,261 -338,298
Net Acquisition of Assets 2,588 957 338,335 126,897
Net Incurrence of Liabilities 4,124 3,227 538,595 465,195
Net Errors and Omissions 393 -308 51,492 -69,993
Overall Balance 1,369 -1,489 180,904 -129,654
Ratio to GDP in Percentages (d)
Trade Balance -10.4 -10.2 -10.4 -10.2
Goods and Services -8.0 -7.4 -8.0 -7.4
Current Account -2.5 -2.4 -2.5 -2.4
Current and Capital Account -2.4 -2.4 -2.4 -2.4
Total External Assets
Total External Assets in Months of Imports 9,884 9,337 1,295,342 1,345,095
Merchandise Imports 6.1 5.9
Merchandise and Services Imports 5.1 4.9
(a) The classification used in this table follows the Balance of Payments Manual 6th edition (2009) of the IMF. Source : Central Bank of Sri Lanka
(b) Revised (c) Provisional
(d) Based on GDP at current market prices published by the Department of Census and Statistics.
Ratios calculated in rupee values and US dollar values differ due to variations in exchange rates during the year.
84
NET RECEIPTS OF FOREIGN ASSISTANCE
Item
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a) 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a)
Net Receipts to Government 2,116 2,256 1,157 2,103 2,443 233,982 287,971 149,421 274,566 332,132
Foreign Loans 1,946 2,102 1,097 2,022 2,367 215,163 268,263 141,653 264,021 321,814
ADB 139 160 133 90 135 15,398 20,477 17,129 11,702 18,315
China (b) 6 650 477 206 289 612 82,892 61,531 26,942 39,228
IDA 130 98 61 83 37 14,386 12,549 7,845 10,811 5,050
Korea 22 37 29 13 14 2,454 4,669 3,801 1,688 1,858
Japan 114 112 49 41 -7 12,619 14,340 6,306 5,348 -943
Other 1,535 1,045 349 1,590 1,900 169,694 133,336 45,041 207,530 258,306
Foreign Grants 170 154 60 81 76 18,819 19,708 7,768 10,545 10,318
ADB 20 10 2 7 2 2,254 1,241 294 935 220
Japan 19 28 12 17 7 2,084 3,600 1,570 2,181 958
United Nations 72 56 14 6 8,009 7,178 1,748 38 806
USA 18 24 10 10 - 2,030 3,094 1,231 1,331 -
Other 40 36 23 46 61 4,442 4,595 2,925 6,060 8,334
Central Govt. Loan Outstanding 21,067 21,687 22,929 23,844 26,071 2,329,280 2,767,299 2,960,424 3,113,116 3,544,031
Project Loans 14,834 14,473 15,018 22,675 16,040 1,640,117 1,846,772 1,938,909 1,904,599 2,180,388
Non-Project Loans 6,233 7,214 7,912 9,256 10,031 689,163 920,527 1,021,515 1,208,516 1,363,642
(a) Provisional (b) Excludes net receipts from China for State Owned Business Enterprises from 2012. Sources : Ministry of Finance
- Negligible Central Bank of Sri Lanka
85
EXCHANGE RATES(a) (End of Period) Sri Lanka Rupees per unit of foreign currency
Country Currency 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Asian Countries
China Yuan 16.8038 18.0465 20.4163 21.5700 21.1401 22.1854
Hong Kong Dollar 14.2573 14.6610 16.4048 16.8621 16.8938 18.5869
India Rupee 2.4761 2.1529 2.3262 2.1116 2.0675 2.1677
Indonesia Rupiah 0.0123 0.0126 0.0132 0.0107 0.0105 0.0104
Korea Won 0.0983 0.0984 0.1191 0.1239 0.1200 0.1224
Pakistan Rupee 1.2939 1.2667 1.3076 1.2376 1.2975 1.3733
Philippines Peso 2.5332 2.5981 3.0954 2.9449 2.9272 3.0710
Singapore Dollar 86.1436 87.5760 104.0128 103.2559 99.2529 101.8396
Thailand Baht 3.6855 3.5874 4.1556 3.9791 3.9851 3.9918
Middle East Countries
Kuwait Dinar 394.1212 408.7318 452.1594 463.0064 447.8610 474.4822
Saudi Arabia Riyal 29.5914 30.3721 33.9050 34.8633 34.9225 38.3910
United Arab Emirates Dirham 30.2077 31.0096 34.6204 35.5984 35.6779 39.2305
Industrial Countries
Australia Dollar 112.8836 115.5813 132.2409 116.6709 107.6433 105.1007
Canada Dollar 110.9031 111.5750 127.8255 122.7324 113.1192 103.8886
Japan Yen 1.3611 1.4669 1.4799 1.2459 1.0979 1.1960
United Kingdom Pound Sterling 171.4113 175.4479 205.4728 215.5790 204.0427 213.5724
United States Dollar 110.9530 113.9013 127.1608 130.7530 131.0486 144.0623
International Monetary Fund SDR 170.8370 174.8690 195.3110 201.3550 189.8640 199.6310
European Monetary Union Euro 147.5619 147.4225 168.1257 180.4522 159.4206 157.3737
(a) Rates announced by the Central Bank for its transactions. Source : Central Bank of Sri Lanka
86
Balance of Payments (% of GDP)
45
30
Per cent
15
-15
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Current Account Balance Overall Balance Exports Imports
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a)

Exports 16.8 15.2 16.2 14.3 14.0 13.9 12.8
Imports 24.2 23.7 31.0 28.1 24.2 24.3 23.0
Current Account Balance -0.5 -1.9 -7.1 -5.8 -3.4 -2.5 -2.4
Overall Balance 6.5 1.6 -1.6 0.2 1.3 1.7 -1.8
(a) Provisional
Note : 2010 onwards figures are based on new 2010 base year GDP series.
87
GOVERNMENT FISCAL OPERATIONS Rs. millon
2015 2016
Item 2012 2013 2014 Approved Approved
Provisional Estimates
Estimates
Total Revenue and Grants 1,067,532 1,153,306 1,204,621 1,534,700 1,460,892 1,837,970
Total Revenue 1,051,460 1,137,447 1,195,206 1,504,700 1,454,878 1,822,970
Tax (a) 908,913 1,005,895 1,050,362 1,337,000 1,355,779 1,646,000
Non-Tax 142,547 131,552 144,844 167,700 99,099 176,970
Grants 16,071 15,859 9,415 30,000 6,014 15,000
Expenditure and Lending Minus Repayments 1,556,499 1,669,396 1,795,865 2,034,076 2,290,394 2,578,119
Current Expenditure 1,131,023 1,205,180 1,322,898 1,552,035 1,701,658 1,717,239
Capital Expenditure 400,082 454,303 459,855 472,928 588,175 859,482
Lending Minus Repayments 25,394 9,913 13,112 9,113 561 1,399
Current Account Surplus (+) / Deficit (-) -79,563 -67,733 -127,692 -47,335 -246,779 105,731
Overall Budget Surplus (+) / Deficit (-) -488,967 -516,090 -591,244 -499,376 -829,502 -740,149
Financing 488,967 516,090 591,244 499,376 829,502 740,149
Foreign Financing (Net) (b) 286,455 123,700 212,523 291,376 236,803 283,149
Gross Borrowing 486,824 327,693 395,632 495,461 521,096 426,592
Repayments -200,369 -203,993 -183,109 -204,085 -284,293 -143,442
Domestic Financing (c) 202,511 392,390 378,721 208,000 592,699 457,000
Market Borrowing 202,511 379,390 392,084 208,000 592,699 457,000
Non-Bank 70,984 82,414 265,155 138,000 300,858 275,000
Bank 131,527 296,977 126,929 70,000 291,841 182,000
Other Borrowing (d) 13,000 -13,363
Central Debt Outstanding 6,000,112 6,793,249 7,390,899 n.a. 8,503,227 n.a.
Domestic 3,232,813 3,832,825 4,277,783 n.a. 4,959,196 n.a.
Foreign 2,767,299 2,960,424 3,113,116 n.a. 3,544,031 n.a.
(a) Includes the amount of tax exemptions granted for specified projects and the (c) Excludes Treasury bonds issued to fund raise for restructuring of SOBEs Sources : Ministry of Finance
amount of tax concessions granted on import of vehicles by public servants. in 2012, 2014 and 2015. Central Bank of Sri Lanka
(b) Include rupee denominated Treasury bonds and Treasury bills issued to foreign (d) Includes domestic grants and other non-market borrowings.
investors. n.a. Not available
88
GOVERNMENT REVENUE AND EXPENDITURE Rs. million
2015 2016
Item 2012 2013 2014
Approved Estimates Provisional Approved Estimates
Revenue 1,051,460 1,137,447 1,195,206 1,504,700 1,454,878 1,822,970

Tax Revenue (a) 908,913 1,005,895 1,050,362 1,337,000 1,355,779 1,646,000
Taxes on Foreign Trade 184,634 191,815 198,483 231,825 244,231 286,050
Imports 80,155 83,123 81,108 85,000 132,189 125,000
PAL / SCL / Other 104,479 108,692 117,375 146,825 112,042 161,050
Taxes on Domestic Goods and Services 457,818 506,906 539,023 655,475 724,282 873,250
VAT 229,604 250,757 275,350 296,000 219,700 240,000
Excise Tax 223,960 250,700 256,691 343,435 497,652 556,235
Licence Fees 4,254 5,449 6,983 16,040 6,929 77,015
Taxes on Net Income and Profits 172,563 205,666 198,115 310,600 262,583 251,700
Corporate 91,888 100,649 98,183 168,100 162,019 145,200
Personal 80,675 105,017 99,932 142,500 100,564 106,500
Other 93,898 101,508 114,741 139,100 124,683 235,000
Non-Tax Revenue 142,547 131,552 144,844 167,700 99,099 176,970
Expenditure and Net Lending 1,556,499 1,669,396 1,795,865 2,034,076 2,290,394 2,578,119
Current Expenditure 1,131,023 1,205,180 1,322,898 1,552,035 1,701,658 1,717,239
Expenditure on Goods and Services 487,833 512,624 568,829 716,351 772,563 757,722
Interest Payments 408,498 444,007 436,395 425,030 509,674 520,452
Transfers and Subsidies Payments 234,692 248,549 317,674 410,654 419,420 439,065
Capital Expenditure 400,082 454,303 459,855 472,928 588,175 859,482
Acquisition of Fixed Assets 197,350 252,535 252,303 226,571 313,260 622,066
Capital Transfers 202,732 201,768 207,551 246,357 274,916 237,416
Under Expenditure Provision
Lending Minus Repayments 25,394 9,913 13,112 9,113 561 1,399
(a) This includes the amount of VAT exemptions granted for specified projects and the amount of tax concessions granted on import of vehicles by public servants. Sources : Ministry of Finance
PAL Ports and Airports Development Levy SCL Special Commodity Levy VAT Value Added Tax Central Bank of Sri Lanka
89
Fiscal Operations (% of GDP)
25
15
Per cent
-5
-15
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Capital Expenditure
Current Account Budget Deficit Revenue and Grants Recurrent Expenditure
and Net Lending
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a)
Revenue and Grants 17.3 16.6 15.6 15.0 13.0 13.6 12.2 12.0 11.5 13.1
Recurrent Expenditure 18.6 17.4 16.9 18.2 14.6 14.2 13.0 12.6 12.7 15.2
Capital Expenditure and Net Lending 5.6 6.1 5.7 6.7 5.3 5.7 4.9 4.8 4.5 5.3
Current Account -2.4 -1.6 -2.0 -3.7 -1.9 -0.8 -0.9 -0.7 -1.2 -2.2
Budget Deficit -7.0 -6.9 -7.0 -9.9 -7.0 -6.2 -5.6 -5.4 -5.7 -7.4
(a) Provisional
Note : 2010 onwards figures are based on new 2010 base year GDP series. 90
MONETARY DEVELOPMENTS Rs. million
Item 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a)
Reserve Money 360,511 439,504 484,362 488,586 577,912 673,432
Narrow Money (M1) 407,192 438,707 450,049 484,578 612,155 714,967
Currency 216,549 242,871 251,539 264,607 329,426 388,057
Demand Deposits 190,643 195,836 198,510 219,971 282,729 326,910
Quasi Money (QM) 1,684,216 2,053,032 2,479,021 2,933,275 3,263,648 3,850,929
Domestic Banking Units 1,599,421 1,971,706 2,366,037 2,809,888 3,121,032 3,674,360
Foreign Currency Banking Units 84,796 81,326 112,984 123,387 142,666 176,569
Broad Money (M2) 1,813,000 2,192,603 2,593,185 3,058,793 3,460,558 4,057,191
Quasi Money (b) 1,405,808 1,753,896 2,143,136 2,574,215 2,848,402 3,342,224
Broad Money M2b (M1+QM) 2,091,408 2,491,740 2,929,070 3,417,853 3,875,853 4,565,896
Underlying Factors in M2b
Domestic Credit 2,262,861 3,037,970 3,696,131 4,200,783 4,640,146 5,732,013
Claims on Government (Net) (c) 627,185 833,610 1,045,232 1,301,342 1,435,900 1,759,470
Credit to Public Corporations 144,578 198,500 292,477 365,098 446,047 522,966
Credit to Private Sector 1,491,099 2,005,860 2,358,421 2,534,343 2,758,199 3,449,577
Net Foreign Assets 377,442 98,057 -25,831 -76,325 15,126 -298,163
Monetary Authorities 505,463 340,090 396,468 529,128 688,007 576,187
Commercial Banks -128,021 -242,033 -422,999 -605,453 -672,881 -874,350
Net Other Items (c) -548,895 -644,287 -741,230 -706,605 -779,418 -867,954
Currency / M2b, % 10.4 9.7 8.6 7.7 8.5 8.5
Income Velocity of Money (d) 3.34 3.15 3.17 2.99 2.88 2.67
Money Multiplier (M2b / Reserve Money) 5.80 5.67 6.05 7.00 6.71 6.78
(a) Provisional. (b) Formerly used definition which differs from QM. Source : Central Bank of Sri Lanka
(c) Restructuring bonds worth Rs.19,392.6 million, which were issued by the government to the two state banks, have been converted to Treasury bonds upon their maturity
in October 2006. This amount, which previously appeared under Other Assets has been included in Net Credit to Government since October 2006.
(d) Ratio of GDP at Market Prices to M2b (12 Month Average).
91
Growth of Money Supply
30
Monetary Aggregates (Growth)

20
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a)
Per cent
Narrow Money (M1) 7.7 2.6 7.7 26.3 16.8
Broad Money (M2) 20.9 18.3 18.0 13.1 17.2

10
Broad Money (M2b) 19.1 17.6 16.7 13.4 17.8
(a) Provisional
0
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Narrow Money (M1) Broad Money (M2b)

Broad Money (M2)
92
MONEY MARKET OPERATIONS Rs. millon
Item 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a)
Call Money : Total Lending / Borrowing 996,082 2,433,808 3,179,061 2,079,206 2,198,356 2,827,930
Primary Treasury bill Market
Amount Issued / Sold 1,000,069 1,164,570 1,649,984 1,235,304 1,121,705 1,589,527
Purchased by Central Bank 133,823 217,584 485,332 334,764 337,659 564,159
Others 866,246 946,986 1,164,652 900,540 784,046 1,025,368
Total Outstanding (year end) 571,759 661,008 709,254 774,052 750,267 663,285
Central Bank Secondary Treasury bill Market
Repo Transactions 10,722,749 14,489,768 2,721,932 5,677,442 3,457,540 750,227
Reverse Repo Transactions 36,639 248,292 127,321 10,130 23,717
Other Outright Sales 13,250 18,448 128,750 127,855
Outright Purchases
Standing Deposit Facility (b) 5,181,675 17,989,768
Certificates of Deposits (year end)
Treasury bonds
Primary Market Issues 508,576 602,951 847,899 1,017,134 860,695 869,923
Outstanding (year end) (c) 1,827,425 2,018,782 2,412,657 2,855,846 3,245,764 3,603,982
Central Bank Reverse Repo Transactions 104,361 549,613 60,031 3,622 43,776
Central Bank Securities
Issues 1,466,990
Outstanding (year end) 95,118
Market Repo Transactions (d) 1,128,072 1,099,161 1,431,274 3,422,395 2,246,232 1,961,747
Commercial Papers
Issues 12,287 13,540 36,891 28,262 8,171 7,907
Outstanding (year end) 4,259 8,098 10,557 7,420 3,451 4,517
(a) Provisional (c) Excludes government bonds of Rs. 4,397 million issued to CWE in 2003, Source : Central Bank of
(b) From 02nd January 2014 Standing Repurchase facility Rs. 78,441 million issued to CPC in January 2012 and Rs. 13,125 million Sri Lanka
was renamed as Standing Deposit Facility and from issued to Sri Lankan Airlines in March 2013.
03rd February 2014, it was made uncollateralized. (d) Overnight (It covers only Licensed Commercial Banks and Primary Dealers.
93
INTEREST RATES per cent per annum
Item 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Domestic Interest Rates (year end)
Central Bank Advance Rate (Bank Rate) 15.00 15.00 15.00 15.00 15.00 15.00
Inter-bank Call Rates 7.758.15 8.759.10 9.509.85 7.507.75 6.006.50 6.40
SLIBOR (Overnight) 8.15 9.01 9.92 7.76 6.10 6.40
Treasury bill Yield Rates
Primary Market 3 Months 7.24 8.68 10.00 7.54 5.74 6.45
6 Months 7.35 8.71 11.32 7.85 5.84 6.83
12 Months 7.55 9.31 11.69 8.29 6.00 7.30
Standing Deposit Facility Rate (a) 7.25 7.00 7.50 6.50 6.50 6.00
Standing Lending Facility Rate (a) 9.00 8.50 9.50 8.50 8.00 7.50
Treasury bonds, Yield to Maturity 2 Years 8.27 (Aug) 7.77 (Feb) 13.62 (Jul) 6.70 (Jun)
3 Years 8.15 (Dec) 7.99 (Jan) 13.50 (May) 10.87 (Aug) 8.18 (Jun)
4 Years 8.60 (Dec) 8.20 (Jul) 14.10 (Jul) 8.91 (Dec)
Commercial Banks Deposit Rates AWDR 6.23 7.24 10.10 9.37 6.20 6.20
Fixed Deposits 3 Months 4.758.50 4.7511.25 5.0016.25 5.7015.00 3.507.00 3.1011.10
6 Months 5.009.75 5.5011.00 5.0016.25 6.2012.25 3.908.75 3.909.50
12 Months 5.0517.00 5.5511.00 5.0017.00 6.0016.00 3.9512.00 3.9515.00
NSB Deposits Rates Savings 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00
Fixed Deposits 12 Months 8.50 8.50 12.50 9.50 6.50 7.25
Commercial Banks Prime Lending (monthly) 9.27 10.49 14.29 9.96 6.35 7.40
Loans Secured by Government Securities 9.0022.00 6.8522.00 9.0021.00 9.0018.00 6.6024.00 6.0014.25
Unsecured Loans 6.0035.00 6.0035.00 7.0032.00 7.0024.00 5.4424.00 2.5024.00
LIBOR on US Dollar Deposits (Average) 3 Months 0.34 0.34 0.43 0.27 0.23 0.32
6 Months 0.52 0.51 0.69 0.41 0.33 0.48
12 Months 0.92 0.83 1.01 0.68 0.56 0.79
(a) Repurchase Rate and Reverse Repurchase Rate were renamed as Standing Deposit Facility Rate (SDFR) and Sources : Reuters
nd
Standing Lending Facility Rate (SLFR) respectively, with effect from 02 January 2014. Central Bank of Sri Lanka
SLIBOR Sri Lanka Inter Bank Offer Rate LIBOR London Inter Bank Offer Rate AWDR Average Weighted Deposit Rate
94
Selected Interest Rates
25
Treasury bill Yields 3 Months

Prime Lending
20
Average Weighted Deposit Rate (Com. Banks)
LIBOR US $ - 3 Months
15
Per cent
10
0
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
95
BANK BRANCH NETWORK
Item 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014(a) 2015(b)
Commercial Banks (c) 2,379 2,625 2,752 2,839 2,894 2,925
Domestic Banks 2,163 2,405 2,532 2,618 2,673 2,705
Bank of Ceylon 519 560 604 624 629 634
Peoples Bank 679 712 727 732 732 732
Commercial Bank of Ceylon PLC 190 217 229 237 241 248
Hatton National Bank PLC 198 237 242 246 244 244
Sampath Bank PLC 172 207 211 215 224 229
Seylan Bank PLC 124 131 147 152 162 162
Other (d) 281 341 372 412 441 456
Foreign Banks 216 220 220 221 221 220
Specialised Banks (c) 600 624 637 645 652 624
Pradeshiya Sanwardhana Bank 243 248 254 255 255 255
National Savings Bank 206 213 219 219 219 223
Other (e) 151 163 164 171 178 146
Co-opeartive Rural Banks 1,935 2,019 1,949 2,080 2,185 2,210
Total Bank Branches 4,914 5,268 5,338 5,564 5,731 5,759
Population per Bank Branch 4,207 3,961 3,826 3,699 3,624 3,641
Bank Branches per 100,000 Persons 23.8 25.2 26.1 27.0 27.6 27.5
Bank Branches per 100,000 Persons
(Excluding Co-operative Rural Banks) 14.4 15.6 16.6 16.9 17.1 16.9
No. of Commercial Banks 22 24 24 24 25 25
Domestic Banks 11 12 12 12 13 13
Foreign Banks 11 12 12 12 12 12
(a) Revised (b) Provisional Source : Central Bank of Sri Lanka
(c) Includes Main Branches and Other Banking outlets except Student Saving Units.
(d) Includes Union Bank of Colombo PLC, Amana Bank PLC, Pan Asia Banking Corporation PLC, Nations Trust Bank PLC, National Development Bank PLC, Cargills Bank Ltd., and DFCC Bank PLC.
(e) Includes Housing Development and Finance Corporation Bank, Lankaputhra Development Bank Ltd., Sanasa Development Bank PLC, State Mortgage and Investment Bank and Sri Lanka
Savings Bank Ltd.
96
OPERATIONS OF COMMERCIAL BANKS Rs. million
Item 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a)
Assets 2,566,737 3,157,677 3,757,370 4,328,266 4,855,940 5,698,522

Cash in hand 39,104 50,362 66,522 75,164 87,469 103,643
Deposits with Central Bank 107,705 149,711 169,466 151,200 164,428 199,646
Foreign Currency in hand and due from Banks abroad 191,240 159,567 155,013 108,503 196,950 359,740
Due from Domestic Banks 11,474 51,390 49,840 25,568 43,810 80,582
Cash Items in Process of Collection 6,066 21,866 35,890 25,762 14,831 17,591
Investments (b) 538,474 517,045 648,725 980,866 1,063,638 1,189,961
Commercial Bills 29,574 31,021 34,655 45,008 42,580 19,029
Overdrafts 338,357 373,762 495,973 489,383 531,878 605,893
Loans 1,086,687 1,500,949 1,774,985 2,013,271 2,202,030 2,852,731
Liabilities 2,566,737 3,157,677 3,757,370 4,328,266 4,855,940 5,698,522
Capital (c) 237,814 313,334 375,920 444,945 528,661 608,898
Demand Deposits 235,981 243,451 243,735 272,753 339,458 389,293
Time and Savings Deposits 1,718,996 2,117,734 2,554,485 2,980,394 3,301,517 3,901,124
Borrowings Domestic Inter-Bank 99,473 147,275 142,492 127,460 145,315 182,212
Foreign 13,351 19,742 75,460 111,981 138,443 195,717
Liquid Assets (d) 712,445 744,887 882,030 1,142,473 1,310,855 1,512,267
Liquid Assets / Total Deposits, % 36.4 31.6 31.5 35.1 36.0 35.3
Cash in Hand / Total Deposits, % 2.0 2.1 2.4 2.3 2.4 2.4
Loans and Advances / Total Deposits, % 74.4 80.8 82.4 78.3 76.3 81.1
Statutory Reserve Ratio, % 7.00 8.00 8.00 6.00 6.00 6.00
(a) Provisional. which previously appeared under Other Assets has been Source : Central Bank of Sri Lanka
(b) Restructuring bonds worth Rs. 19,392.6 million, which were issued included in Net Credit to Government since October 2006.
by the government to the two state banks, have been converted to (c) Paid up, Reserve Funds and Retained Profits.
Treasury bonds upon their maturity in October 2006. This amount, (d) Liquid Assets of DBUs.
97
LICENSED SPECIALISED BANKS Rs. millon
Item 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a)
National Savings Bank
Assets 406,208 469,944 513,695 657,107 785,945 850,927
Loans 86,778 115,575 145,007 153,569 217,458 264,270
Investments 288,826 324,058 338,769 460,074 517,070 530,015
Deposits 355,445 411,013 442,144 479,814 539,219 581,916
Regional Development Banks
Assets 49,467 60,877 70,664 81,101 95,903 110,370
Loans 38,061 47,158 53,645 60,083 61,996 88,388
Investments 3,422 1,076 476 564 2,745 13,248
Deposits 37,950 46,154 54,710 62,607 72,525 86,340
State Mortgage and Investment Bank
Assets 18,277 20,903 22,700 27,031 30,584 34,386
Loans 14,814 16,594 18,839 21,542 24,447 26,862
DFCC Bank (b)
Assets 63,109 70,306 84,017 91,716 97,775
Loans 39,291 53,902 61,333 61,489 75,375
Other Licensed Specialised Banks (c)
Assets 52,857 61,421 67,366 81,533 100,689 124,914
Loans 33,371 39,276 43,447 51,524 64,858 81,875
(a) Provisional. commenced operations in March 2008). MBSL Savings Source : Central Bank of
(b) DFCC Bank which operated as a Licensed Specialised Bank was amalgamated Bank Ltd which operated as a LSB, was amalgamated Sri Lanka
with the DFCC Vardhana Bank and operates as a Licensed Commercial Bank with Merchant Bank of Sri Lanka PLC and MCSL
namely, DFCC Bank PLC with effect from 01 October 2015. Financial Services Ltd and operates as a LFC namely,
(c) Includes MBSL Savings Bank Ltd, Housing Development Finance Merchant Bank of Sri Lanka and Finance PLC with
Corporation Bank of Sri Lanka, Lankaputra Development Bank, Sanasa effect from, 01 January 2015.
Development Bank and Sri Lanka Savings Bank (Sri Lanka Savings Bank
98
SELECTED NON-BANK FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS Rs. millon
Item 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a)
Licensed Finance Companies, No. 37 39 47 48 48 47

Deposits 146,120 186,016 254,117 337,297 414,116 480,636
Capital (b) 21,574 46,903 77,779 80,411 97,192 102,590
Assets (net) 222,527 340,080 514,831 622,349 742,811 915,349
Co-operative Rural Banks, No. of Banks 1,935 2,019 1,949 2,080 2,185 2,093
Deposits 61,984 71,081 63,627 79,355 89,634 93,137
Loans Outstanding 44,398 30,781 51,371 39,520 37,757 44,644
Thrift and Credit Co-operative Societies, No. 8,440 8,424 8,440 8,440 8,424 8,424
Deposits 4,764 5,311 5,287 5,588 6,790 7,114
Loans Granted 3,205 3,987 4,175 4,766 6,462 7,060
Unit Trusts
Net Assets 22,060 22,547 30,890 54,448 125,985 129,399
Investments in Shares (Market Value) 11,743 9,549 8,841 9,486 13,575 14,407
Investments in Government Securities
(Bonds + Bills) 2,748 6,247 5,620 17,387 54,287 28,212
No. of Units Issued, (mn.) 1,159 1,286 2,227 4,103 9,382 8,766
No. of Unit Holders 24,640 23,403 27,253 29,940 32,584 38,008
(a) Provisional (b) Capital represent the equity capital of the LFC sector Source : Central Bank of Sri Lanka
99
MOBILISATION OF DEPOSITS
Rupees million Percentage Share
Item
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a) 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a)
Demand Deposits (Commercial Banks) 280,300 269,832 296,548 380,970 446,448 9.02 7.31 6.86 7.82 7.91
Savings Deposits 980,791 1,006,416 1,120,222 1,472,320 1,744,923 31.55 27.27 25.92 30.23 30.90
Commercial Banks 849,820 874,131 974,164 1,282,186 1,518,521 27.34 23.69 22.54 26.33 26.89
National Savings Bank 105,637 106,334 112,635 138,189 161,926 3.40 2.88 2.61 2.84 2.87
Regional Rural / Regional Dev. Banks 17,264 18,631 22,195 28,864 35,494 0.56 0.50 0.51 0.59 0.63
Licensed Finance Companies 5,938 4,855 8,563 16,984 22,568 0.19 0.13 0.20 0.35 0.40
Thrift and Credit Co-operative Societies 2,132 2,465 2,665 6,097 6,414 0.07 0.07 0.06 0.13 0.11
Time Deposits 1,847,113 2,413,865 2,904,260 3,016,311 3,456,179 59.43 65.41 67.21 61.94 61.20
Commercial Banks 1,333,777 1,794,658 2,170,548 2,180,149 2,531,020 42.91 48.63 50.23 44.77 44.82
National Savings Bank 304,154 334,011 364,563 397,635 418,554 9.79 9.05 8.44 8.17 7.41
Regional Rural / Regional Dev. Banks 26,745 33,858 38,164 42,059 49,119 0.86 0.92 0.88 0.86 0.87
Licensed Finance Companies 179,259 248,516 328,062 396,468 457,486 5.77 6.73 7.59 8.14 8.10
Thrift and Credit Co-operative Societies 3,178 2,822 2,923 0.10 0.08 0.07
Total Deposits (b) 3,108,204 3,690,113 4,321,030 4,869,601 5,647,550 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
(a) Provisional (b) Demand, Savings & Time Deposits Source : Central Bank of Sri Lanka
100
SHARE MARKET INDICATORS
Item Unit 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014(a) 2015(a)
Turnover Rs. mn. 570,327 546,256 213,827 200,468 340,917 253,251
Daily Turnover Average Rs. mn. 2,396 2,286 884 828 1,415 1,060
Shares Traded No., mn. 18,489 24,544 9,691 9,054 16,722 9,415
Trades No. 3,355,126 4,579,352 1,857,384 1,421,303 1,982,709 1,506,790
Listed Companies No. 241 272 287 289 294 294
Foreign Trading (Net) Rs. mn. -26,335 -19,039 38,661 22,734 21,139 5,372
Purchases Rs. mn. 92,426 49,777 72,614 83,607 104,690 84,421
Sales Rs. mn. 118,761 68,816 33,954 60,873 83,551 89,793
Total Number of Shares Listed (b) mn. 40,791 57,894 71,276 75,028 78,751 82,451
Market Capitalization (b) Rs. bn. 2,210.5 2,213.9 2,167.6 2,459.9 3,104.9 2,938.0
New Issues (IPOs) No. 8 13 6 1 5 2
Shares Offered mn. 455 1,460 201 80 573 107
Value Rs. mn. 4,347 19,156 1,739 494 3,282 330
CSE All Share Price Index (1985=100) (b) 6,635.9 6,074.4 5,643.0 5,912.8 7,299.0 6,895.0
CSE Milanka Price Index (31.12.98 = 1,000) (b) 7,061.5 5,229.2 5,119.1
S & P SL20 Index (c) 3,085.3 3,263.9 4,089.1 3,626.0
Market Price Earning Ratio (PER) (b) 25.2 15.8 15.9 15.9 19.7 18.0
Market Dividend Yield (b), % 1.2 1.8 2.4 2.9 2.1 2.2
Market Price to Book Value (b) 3.0 2.0 2.1 2.0 2.2 2.0
(a) Provisional (b) As at end of December IPOs Initial Public Offerings Source : Colombo Stock Exchange
(c) The S & P SL20 index was introduced in June 2012, replacing the Milanka Price Index.
101
Macroeconomic Indicators
25
20
Macroeconomic Indicators
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a)

15
Per cent
GDP Growth 8.4 9.1 3.4 4.9 4.8
10 Inflation (CCPI Change) 6.7 7.6 6.9 3.3 0.9
Money Supply (M2) Growth 20.9 18.3 18.0 13.1 17.2

5 Unemployment Rate (a) 4.2 4.0 4.4 4.3 4.7
(a) Provisional
0
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
GDP Growth Inflation (CCPI Change)
Money Supply (M2) Growth Unemployment Rate
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SRI LANKA SOCIO - ECONOMIC DATA 2016

CENTRAL BANK OF SRI LANKA

CENTRAL BANK OF SRI LANKA Vol. XXXIX

ISSN : 1391 3557

World GDP Growth by Region 6

Indicator 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a)

World 4.2 4.2 3.5 3.3 3.4 3.1

Population Growth, % 2010 2.7 1.8 1.7 0.5 1.8 0.6

GDP Per Capita, US $ (2014)

Sri Lanka Pakistan Nepal Bangladesh Philippines Indonesia Thailand Malaysia

Human Development Index (a)

Sri Lanka Pakistan India Bangladesh Philippines Indonesia Thailand Malaysia

Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Exports, Mn. US $ 2014 11,130 319,695 145 975 24,714

Exports, Mn. US $ 2014 176,341 234,082 61,885 572,665 409,536 225,206

Average Income per Month, Rs.

Total Consumer Expenditure per Month, Rs.

Source : Household Income and Expenditure Survey 2012/13,

Mean Income, Rs. per Month

Source : Household Income and Expenditure Survey 2012/13,

Total Consumer Expenditure Rs. per Month,

North North Sabara- All

Sources of Energy for Lighting

Sources of Energy for Cooking

Source : Household Income and Expenditure Survey 2012/13,

Expenditure, Rs. per Month

Household Expenditure Share, %

Urban Rural Estate All Island

Sources of Energy for Lighting

Sources of Energy for Cooking

Sri Lanka 1,472 2,155 2,094 1,530 2,153 2,111

Labour Force, 000 8,108 7,926 7,798 8,034 8,049 8,214

Employment By Sector, % (g)

Departures of Sri Lankans from Bandaranaike

Gross National Income 6,343,892 7,147,065 8,577,574 9,366,039 10,211,810 10,931,932

Consumption Expenditure 4,932,545 5,762,798 6,357,545 7,229,352 7,943,796 8,652,180

Gross Domestic Expenditure 6,879,252 8,171,371 9,768,056 10,418,678 11,284,971 12,013,727

Gross Domestic Product 6,413,668 7,219,106 8,732,463 9,592,125 10,448,479 11,183,220

Sectoral Composition of GDP

Agriculture 638 651 735 834 902

4,500 Industry 2,021 2,631 2,797 2,986 3,190

GDP 7,219 8,732 9,592 10,448 11,183

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

(a) Revised (b) Provisional Source : Central Bank of

(a) Revised Source : Central Bank of Sri Lanka

Item Unit 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a)

Manioc 282,759 292,741 291,354 302,782 310,249 324,097

2010 Marine Fish 73,600 80,970 33,600 92,240 51,850 332,260

Neat Cattle (No.)

Main Agricultural Crops

Value Added in Industry (2010 Constant Prices) (c)

No. of Consumer Accounts

Post Offices 4,742 4,742 4,738 4,628 4,692 4,692

(a) Provisional. Sources : Telecommunications Regulatory Commission of Sri Lanka

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015(a)

No. of Buses Operated

Year 2014 (b)

Indicators of Price Level

Price Changes (Annual average), %

Year Month PMI Manufacturing PMI Services

June 57.5 65.0

2015 September 53.2 61.7

December 57.9 60.2

March 60.7 61.6