Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
IGLISH
FORADl/AllCED
STUDIE
\/OCABULARY
SKILLS
PAGE
1. LEARIUI.IGlr{ORDPARTS 1
2; f,JSIl'tcgofinpcr cLUEs , 26
3. FAITILY 69
4. CI.OZEPROCEDIJRE 76
I
l_,
fJ\ ia l-'.'r';.
| /. r.(
Lii ;,
L UnderstandingVlordparts
A. Prefixes
D cl,*^+^
u. t\:^/LJ
C. Sr-r'ffixes
A. UnderstandihgWordParts
Learning the use and meaningof r,trordsin English can be madeeasier and
even enjoyable, if you understandsomethingabout one way in which manyEnglish
words are formed,
There are several words yciu might not knowlr incomorehentiib]e, foresee'
consequgnce,g,extravagant. You might stop at thrl first new word'
incom;:refrensinfe,foot< it up in a Oict'ionary, wlite its meaning in the book or
yoLlr vocab,.lffry iecord, then sterrt reading the srntence again, stop at
?gr"**", look it up,, wiit* it dcrwn,then iead agrtin, stop at_ggnSggWncg, "ld
Soon,Butthiswouldbetiringandtime-consum'ing.Itwoulda'|soserious'|y
interrupt your understand'ingan| pleasure of the story. Instead you might-
you probably
analyze the newwords and guess at their meaning, For example,
knol tl"rat gonrprehensionmeans"utnderstanding"; the -:ngpf*:ansibie
:ible suff ix forms an
probably
adjective; the in: pref ix makes the word negaiiv,l.
such words as
means"not understandable.l' You have seen the fgre'of fgre$gg.in
ioiewarO o1 before, Foreseq mus;tmean so{nething-l'ike "to see before"'
lr
Learning Wordparts
(P re fi xes, Rootsand Suffixes)
1. mono- meanso n e , s i n g l e , o r a l o n e .
Whenused as part of a word, jt 'indicates one of something.
-E; monorail = a train that runs on one rail
-b. monopl
ane = an ai rpl ane wi th one wi ng ,,,',- ,,y, , i
monotone = all in the sametone, uslally in
reference to one's voice
-d. monotonous= continuing in the sametone; boring
or dull, due to sameness
-a
monochloride= a substancewhosemorecu'rescontain
a single chloride atom
2. chroma meansor refers to co'lor
- a. monochrome. = mintire in (Oifferent tints of )
one color
- b. a monochromatic = a p'icture with various shadesof
p i ctu re the same.co'lor
2
ocul meanseye
- a .' mo n o cu l ar = someth-ingaffects/invo'lves
only one eye at a time
- b. mo n o cu l arvision = vision with only one eye
- c. monocle = an eyeglass for just one eye
- d. b i n o cu l a rs = something for use of both eyes
at once
4. gram meanswritten or dravm
- a' monogram =
severar letrers, usuarly the initia'rs
of one's name, combirredto form a
s ' i n g ' l ed e s . i g n
5. te'le- means far
- a. a telegram =
a messagesent a long distance by
te1 egraphy
6. graph meansto write
- a. telegraph = a device for communicatingover a
distance via wire or radio
- b, a monograph= a written document, usually a book,
written on one subject
7. gamos meansmarriage
- a. monogamy = the practice of being married to only
one person at a time
6. arch meansruie
- a. monarch = one who is the sole ruler
- b. a monarchy =
a state having a sing'le ruler
-2-
9. matri meansmother
- a. matriarchY = a family group that is ruled or
dom'inatedby the mother
12. p r i m e ( p r i m a ) m e a n sf i r s t
- a . a P r i m em i n i s t e r = the f irst or the toP m'in'ister
in a governmentbodY
- b. primer(prim-er) = a beginning reader
- c. primer(pry-mer) = the first coat of paint
26. tri- m e a n st h r e e
- a. tricycle = a t h r e e - w h e e l e dv e h i c l e o p e r a t e d b y
foot pedals
- b. triplicate = t o m a k et h r e e c o p i e s
- c. triplex = a t h r e e - u n i t a p a r t m e n bt u i l o ' i n g ; h a v i n g
3 parts
- d. triple = t o m a k et h r e e t i m e s a s m u c h
- e. triennial = every three Years
- f. trio = t h r e e s i n g e r s o r m u s i c i a n sw h op e r f o r m
together
- g. triplet = one of three babies born at the same
t'ime to the samemother
27. quad/quartr/quardri- m e a n sf o u r ( L a t i n )
- a. quarrer = cne of four equal parts into which a
th'ing maybe div'ided
- b . q u a d r a n g ' l e = a f l a t g e o m e t r i c f i g u i ^ ew i t h f o u r a n g ' l e s
and four sides
- c. quadrant = a quarter of a circle, an instrument
using a quadrant to measuredistances
- d. quadruped = four-footed creature
- e. quadruple = fourfold or four times
- f. quadrennial = continuing for tour years' or occurring
once every four Years
- g. quadrennium= a four-year period
- h. quadruplet = one of four babies born at the same time
to the same mother
-5-
44. pathos;/path/patirymeanssuffering
- a, sympathy - a sharing.rf feelings of another's
sorrow or troub'le
- h. sympathe'lic = having or showing sympathy
- c . s y m p a t h i : r e = f e e l o r e x p r e s s s y m p a t h yw i t h
- d. apathy = "irrdif f erence, or I ack of feel i ng or
emotion abrut something
-7-
5 1. micro- meanssmal'l
-4, m'icrobioiogy = a branch of biology that deais with
microorganism, or very smal'l f iving
thi ngs
- b. microscope = an ol:tical instrument cons'isting of
a lens or a combination of lenses for
magnifying things that are inv'isible
or unclear to the naked eye
60, naut m e a n ss a i l o r , s h i P
* a. astronaut 'into outer space
= a person who travels
- b. nautical = perta'ining to sai 1ors, navigation or
shi ps
70. m iI I i - l i 1 ' l i o n r n e a n st h o u s a n d ( L a t j n )
* a. million = a t h o u s a n dt h o u s a n d s ( 1 , 0 0 0 , 0 0 0 )
* b. m i l ] e n n ' i u m = a p e r i o d o f a t h o u s a n dy e a r s
7 1. ki]o- m , e i m st h o u s a n C( G r e e k )
- il. k'iiogran = a thousand grams
- tl. kilocycle = one thous;andcycies per second
*******!i********
-12-
Frellxes
Stud)' the fo1 lcwing prefi:es and the words containing these prefixes.
t. The pref ix Ad: usual 1y mea,ns" t o " , " t o u l a r d "o r " n e a r " .
1. adSourn = t o p u t o f f o r d e f e r t o a n o t h e r ^d a y o r u n t i l
a latei penicd
2. address (v) = to speak, to pr-onounce
3. adjacent = joined to a thing or person
4, advance = move furthei' in f ront
5. admission = p e r m it t o e n t e r
6. adverse = acting in a c:ntrary direction
? T h e p r e f i x a n t i - 1 o r e r y [ m e a n s" a g a i n s t o r , ] p p o s i t e " .
1. clepart go away
2. derive to trace from
3. dec'li ned bent down
4. descent to climb dom
5. deport to ship from; exile
6. degrade to grade down; jower
9. p r e f i x d i - m e a n s" t w o " .
I
d'ialogue a conversat'ion or discuss.ion between two or
more people
2. dioxi de = a compoundin which each molecule has two
atoms of oxygen
di chromati c having or shorryingtwo colors
4. d'ichotomy a div'ision into tw<rparts or categories
^ di pterous having two wings
4t
1. duel = a f o r m a l f i g h t b e t w e e nt w o p e o p l e
2. duet = a piece of music composedfor two voices or
i nst ruments
3. dupl ex = a two-f ami]y house; havi ng two main parts
4. duplicate = m a k ea n e x a c t c o p y
1. ex'it = to go out
2. export = to carry or shii, cut
3. exhi bi { = to hc,ld out ; to show
4. exhaust = to wear out; use up
5. exclude = to shut out
f. interval = t i m e b e t w e e nt w o e v e n t s
2. interdenta] = between the teeth
3. international = b e t w e e nn a t r o n s
4, 'interfere = enter into the concerns of others
5. i nter'l i nk = to I i nk one wi th another
1. multipurpose = h a v i n g m a n yp u r p o s e s
2. mult'ifaceted = h a v i n g m a n ya s p e c t s , o r f a c e t s
3. multiplex = o f a s y s t e m f o r s e n d i n g t w o o r m o r em e s s a g e s
o r s i g n a l s o v e r t h e s a m ew i r e , c i r c u i t o r
air wave at the same time
4. m u lt i p 1 e = ma.ny
5. mult'ifarious = h a v ' i n gm a n yd i f f e r e n t p a r t s o r f o r m s
1. pneview = a p r e v ' i o u ss h o w i n g
2. predecease = to die before
3. prelude = a n i n t r o d u c t o r y h a p p e n i n go r p e r f o r m a n c e
4. preliminary = before the main work; preparatory work
5. prejudice = to judge bef.grehand :
6. prefer = to want or lixe better
7. prefabricate : to build before
1. superscribe = t o w r i t e o r - 't' h e t o p
2. supermarket = store brgger than the usual market
3. s u p e r fi c ' i a 1 = on the surface; sl ight or partial
4. superv'ise = to look over; to watch over
5. superheat = to heat to an extreme degree
6. superpower = power on an extraordinary sca'le
-17-
1. u n f i ke i Y = not pr obably
2. u n 'i n fe l l i g i b 'l e = not capableof being under stood
3. unemployed = out of work
4. unhealthY = sickly
5. ungrateful = not f eel ing thankful
6. unbeaten = never defeated
***:i**,t)t*,******
lo -
Roots
Study the fol1o,'.ringword roots and the worr:jsderiving from these roots.
1. The root ann or enn comesfrom the Latirr w:rrd annus meaning "year".
1. annual = s o m e t h i n g l h a t c o n ' L i n u e s) / e a r a f t e r y e a r
?- annu'ity = pa:rmentf i g -tr"'edby the year
3. annivers;ary = year'iy celebratjon
4. biennial = e v e n t o c c u r i r t g e v e r y s e c o n dy e a r
5. centennial : hundredtli-yei:ll event
6. perennial = c o m i n qY e a r l ' r '
'[teart".
2. The root Eqr, clur, f rom the Latin, means
1, di scord = d'isagneemeilt
?. cordiar ly = w a v ' r n ' l yf,r o n t t h e h e a r t
3. accord = hai^monY c,f mind
4. concord = with hearts t;oget-her,harnony
5. uncordial = fiot welcoini;til
6. courage = braverY
7. encounage = to insp'ire wi'ih courage
3. T h e L a t i n r o o t C j . c , o r d i c t m e a n : l" s a y " .
'to
4. The word root fac or fect means do" cr^ "to make".
1. factory = a p l a c e w h e r ' : rt h i n g s a r e n t a d e
2. faculty = ex'traordinar;'talent or sfiill
3. perf ect = marlewi thout a f 1aw; completed
4. manufacture = tc make
5, facilitata = t o m a k ee a s y o r l e s s d i f f i c u l t
6. factor = somethihg th;irt can makeor cause a change
7, facsimile = an exact col:\'ol^ ]ikeness
"wall<"'
5. T h e w o r d r o o t g r a d , S F € S S ,f r o m ' t h e L a t i r ^ . ' m e a n s" s t e p " o r
6. The word root jec, ject, jet comefrom the Latin mean.ing
"to throtrr",
or "to Iie''.
7. The word root iur or'ius and the associated iud comefrom a Latin word
that first means"to take an oath" and later came.tomean"the law".
9. The Latin root mit means"to send" or "to place". The root m'it has
a n o t he r fo rm, mi g s (mi se ).
13. The root word sens, sent, which comesfrom the Latin sensus meaning
" t o s e n s e , f e e ' l, o r P e r c e i v e " .
16. The word value comes from the Latin r oot val, m eaning"to be str ong".
i( * x ** :k,t ti )t * :r ** :l(,t
-2:2-
$uf f i xe-q
study the follo,,r.ing suf f ixes and the words conta'ining t h e s e s u f f i x e s '
"capable of being
4
T h e s u f f i x :4llg or -ible appearsfrequent'ly, mean'ing
or ma.king"
"abie to be"
2, The suff ix -aU.e or - i b l e a l s o m e a n s
" c o n n e c t e dw i t h " .
4. T h e s u f f i x - a f l l m e a n s" r e l a t i n g t o " o r
a. P r e e c h ai s . . ....; e v e r y o n ea d m i r e sh i s d a n c i n g .
b. Pong is a . . person; he is ready to herp wheneverwe are
in trouble.
c. T h a t m a ni s . . . . . . . . . . . ; h e h a s a t t a c k e dm a n yp e o p l e .
d. you should be . whencrossing the street.
e. 'looks
Sunee becauseshe passes her exams.
f. That small boy looks . . . . . . . ; h e d o e sn o t e v e nh a v e
enough
clothes to wear.
7' T h e s u f f i x - o u s m e a n s" f u l ' l o f " o r ' : h a v i n g t h e q u a l i t y o f , ' .
F i l ' l i n t h e b l a n k sw i t h t h e f o l l o w i n g w o r d s .
a. T h a i ]a n di s a . countr y.
b. It is t h a t ' a l l t h e s t u d e n t sf a i l e d t h e i r e x a m s .
c. T h e c r i m . i n a lg a v e t h e j u d g e a . . . look.
d' because
therewastoomuch
.
:::.:::::.i:: iffii;J:;;I""
C o m p i e t et h e b l a n k s w j t h t h e f c l r o w . i n gw o r d s .
'l'he
14. s u f f i x i s h m e a n s" l i k e " .
C o m p l e t et h e b l a n k s w i t h t h e w o r d s g i v e n b e l o w .
'ldi
chi s h , g r e e n is h , d e v i I i s h , f e v e r i s h
d. P a i n t i n g a r o o mi n g r e e n m a k e se v e r y t h i n g l o o k
-tq-
b. Talking to you is .. b e c a u s ey o u a r e r g n o r a n t .
d. It is to help people.
*****X*****,r*x**
i,. .1,,. *26*
-) t
'" '.'
t---
, .'
l_
- : ,
!$inq qontext Clues : . ,.
'A i
"'
Good readers usie context c'lues to find the meaningsOf unknownwords as'
t h e y r e a d . S o m e t i m e st h e a u t h o r g ' i v e s d e f i n i t i o r r e o f u n k n o w nw o r d s i n t h e
c o r r t e x t , a n d s o m e t i m e st h e r e a d e l r sm u s t l o o k f o r c l u e s i n t h e c o n t e x t ' i n o r d e , r
to guess the meaningsof the words.
Clue = f a c t , i c l e a , e t c . t h a t s u l l g e s t s a p o s s i b l e a n s w e rt o a
prob'lem
Example_l
E x a m p l e2
P r e s i d e n t A q u i n o i s a f r a i d c f b e i n g l r s s a s s i n a t e d ,a n d s h e a l w a y s
wears a bullet-proof vest, but she cannot :;tay away froln the crowds who
love her
I n a d d i t i r n t o g u e s s i n g t h e m e a n ' i f i g , : i af w o r d f r o r n i t s s u r r o u n d i n g
words, we can also use other k'inds of cont*x.tual c'lues as follorug:
Examples: :,.
Exampjes:
,:.
1. T h e a n s w e r ' i s i n t h e g g n c l u s . i o n ,t h e l a s t p a r t o f t h e
story.
?. The testing center will prov'ideyou with all the materia'ls
you need. That is t-g*.ggy_, you will not need to br.ing pencirs,
pens' paper' taaftnonar'ils because
the testing.Cinterwitt
give you al'l of the things you need.
'( ' , l' :.,l: l . ., I ' .
J : :l _.
3. Contrast sometimesconnectivesshowingcontrast irldirecily help define
\ r. an.unknourn
word. context c'rue words are BUT, H6!VEVER,.
NEVERTHELESS,
WHILE,ALTI{oucH,EVENTl{otJcH,or'jrHe orHERI{AND.
Exampies: i i'
1'l
/'t
\
1
t. z Anc'ientastronomersstudied on]y the stars they could
see with
+ thei r eyes. wi th radio telescopesand sate'l.lites, rrowever.
-'t modernastronomerscan study stars
which our nakJ"v""tt*nn6t
se e .
2. If the farmers do not grow enoughtqq{this year, we w i l l
havea food ghortase. .gn the other hand',we wilr have a food
surplus if they grow too muih food for ih" *ns.rr"r. to buy.
..i t, ' ' , 1'' ',i[.r':.i';.' r,'..
'i|\'" ./
4. Il'lustrat'ion Examples
and pictures given in the text can aiso suggest
]he meaningsof unknownwords. EXampieclues are FOR
EXAMPLE,FORINSTANCE, SUCH AS. 11,, .,
' /r-
Examoies: ,-l
I I : r r.. , .{t
1. _lomerines_{renpeople are angry they insujt each other.
(--[9r gr-ample]whena person ignores a "No snloking"sign,
- anotherpersonmight say, ,,Whatlst_hqlnatter,can,t you read?.,
2. T e l e vi si o n .i s addicti\ze. { gl -if nnostcnildr en spen d
more than three hours watching"*qtplA each day, and very often
th e y ca n n o t fi n ish their assignments necauseoi
.,J "it"hing- it.
5. Synonvms Sometimesthe author gives the meaningsof a nevr-word
by
using a synonym(words that have the samemeanjl9} in
another
sentence. . | ' , '/ ' _ , t . 4 i / \ t . i ;
t "i ii,
Examples:
-\
1. G l a s s i s m a d ef r o m s i _ { i c a , w h i c h i s m o s i l / f o u n d
"in sand..
whereas diEmonds
are treaied tromcaiton;'*r.,i"i",'r;'r;ruL
found'in the form of coal .
z. The companyshe works for is A T M . S h e j o i n e d t h e f i r m
in
1 9 8 0w h e n i t w a s v e r y s m a l l . No{^,
ATM is the. largest business
in the area.
-28-
a, modern c. useful
-h;
dead'ly . L', d. extraondinary
a. poljtel y 9. frankly
b. cautiously d. kindlY
, ..1 (, r,.q,..i . t
4. M y m a ' i du s u a l l y i s i b l a g q a r d ; h o w e v e r , t o d a y s h e w o r k e d
energetical ly.-.. (
;,.. I !,c",,.{
a. a slow person c. an active Person
b. a hard-workingperson d. a siily person
a. hel pf ul c. stublrorn
b. prec'ise '. , d, Punctua.l
B. M y f r i e n d i s v e r y a s t u t e ; h e b o r r o w e dm o n e ya t a v e r y l o w i n t e r e s t
rate and bui'tt it rn'to a small fortune through wise "investments.
l. I,-.i'
;i4 cunning
'b. ''
inefficient'.',.'', d. wealthy
c. cultivate )',
A. destroy
Fl improve d, secure ,j. .ot| ,Ci'"'i
-2q-
,:' ,.j i d
1. A s th e su n g radually em er ges
over the mountain,the gr ac eful
golden-coatedpagodabegins to coruscate
a. melt split /l
F,.
b. d i sa p p ear shine
Fl
I Vrrhen
the volcano Mount Helena in Washington eruoted in 1980,
'lot
it released a o f l a v a a n d k i l l e d s o m ep e o p l e w h o j i v e d
nearby. :,
a. formed : i'. broke out
b. was heated d. evolved "-.'
*), The doctor told hjm to abstain froml beer and any other
a l c o h o l i c d r i n k s ; o t h e r w i s e , h e w ' i 1 ' l n o t b e a b l e to recover
from his illness4
l'{'t't I rrr"
-A. r'r
l.'
'
.t!
i'"rri"l,
...4.' hold back c, reduce
b. c o n s u m e, , . , , r ' o d. keepup with
9. W eh a v e t e n a p r p l i c a n t s f o r t h i l ; p o s . i t i o n . A c t u a l l y , w e n e e c i
only one qua'lified person so we have to weed out those who
a r e l e s s q u a ' l i fi e d .
10. s h e i s a t e n a c , i o u sp e r s o n : e v e r r t h o u g h s h e f a i ] e d h e r f i r s t
biology tests, she kept studyirrg and.erlentua'l1ypassed the
,
I,i, .. ". COUfSg. I ,,1
"
;
a. humorous r;- f i ne
b. stingy ' i :; ( ;: :li trersistent
E x e n c i s e3 R e a dt h e f o ] ' l o w i n g p i l s s a g ec a r e f u l l y a n d s t u d y t h e u n d e r ' l i n e dw o r d s
by app]yittg the skil ls you have learned to f ind the closest meaning
for each ,vord.
'like
Bangkok, o t h e r b j g c i t i e s o f d e v e l o p i n gc c u n t r i e s , i s f a c i n g t h e
problem of urban .m1griittglrby rural people. But rvhat seemsto be more alarming
'is that the majolity rf the
migrants are women.
d: grow'ingmi)re mature
bi moving f rrm one place to arrother to Eiett'le
c. coi nci den,)e
d. cu'ltivati,:n
.r 'l
z. aiii*ng = ,rr-r' l'
a. deve'lopmetrt ,d c : o n t ' i n u a lf l o w i n g i n
b. occupatiorr d. 'impact
-31 -
4. fal I short =
1 '
8. Illdjor=ir"
Exercise 4 R e a dt h e f o l i o w i n g p a s s a g ea n d t h e n f i n d t h e c i o s e s t m e a n i n g o f t h e
under'l'ined words.
'- '
tr t''
nlr"i " ''t'
The bodies of three men \,!ere found dumpedin the bushes yesterday near the
Bangna-Highwayin ChachoengsaoProvince. The bodies, which were stuffed into
three sacksl,"were discovered by a gardener, who a'lerted police. Pol Lt-Col
SuwanHoonsawat,chief inspector of Bang Pakong police station, said the three
v i c t i m s w e r e e a c h m i d d l e - a g e da n d h a d b r u i s e s a l l o v e r t h e i r b o d i e s , w i t h o n e
bearing a kn'ife wound in the neck. Their legs and hands were bound.
.-: -
' t
1. d u m P e d=
'uU. , ' ":'
thrown c. unconscious
'
b. s t a b b e d- - r \ " ) . ' " d. diminished
2- stuffed =
\...'
''
3. alerted = {"''.,'
, .., -,i..
.- \\
4. b r u ' i s e s=
Exercjse 5 Read the follow'ing passage and then f ind the mean'ingsof the
under'li ned words'
OF CHILD ABUSE
MANACCUSED
The Labour Department is to take Leggl action aga'inst the Phasi Charoen
g o 1 d s m i t hw h o a l l e g e d l v t o r t u r e d t w o c h i l d r e n w o r k i n g i r r h i s s h o p .
DepartmentCtrief ChamnanPojana said the suspect, Peera Ponual, would be
f i n e d f o r t h e i ' l l e g a l e m p l o y m e not f V i r a j K a m p o n g1, 4 , a n d h i s s ' i s t e r W a r a p o r n '
15.
T h e f a t h e r o f t h e t w o c h i l d r e n , N a r o n gK a m p o n gl,o d g e d a c o m p l a i n t w i t h
p o l . i c e o n T u e s d a ya c c u s i n g P e e r a o f t o r t u r i n g h i s c h ' i l d r e n , w h o w e r e e a c h p a i d
400 baht a monthto help in the shoP.
M r . N a r o n gp e t j t i o n e s l t h e p o l i c e a f t e r b e i n g t o l c t b y h i s s o n , h e a n d h i s
sister had been f requently bLutalisel by Peera'
1. a b u s e=
a. over-usage c. kidnap
6,, ill*treat ' 'r ri'! i ' d, assassinate
I l ' ' ,.,' : , , r ' \ . : .
'legal = '' '' ' t':\ '-' , .i3ri \ 1, ,
2.
a. gentle c. comproilising
b. strict d. c o n c e r n e dw i t h t h e l a w
'legedl =
3. al Y
a. actively c. oPtimistica'l1Y
reportedly d' overwhelmjnglY
, bj
:.'
:
4. torture =
5' fing{=
tr
d. pun'ish,by paying some money
b. the state of a good condition
c. a cooperatjon between two persons
d. the officiaj support
6. lodge = '/
1., f n,. ...,.,t ,
i,, i . _.
?: a p l a ce to sta y c. to discuss
b. to v3'ice a statement d. to exploit ,(
7. petition = r,/i'r-, ,.,i', 1-
*******'t{(****:f*
1 l('rl 'l '
. lrC_ /a:
WORD MEANING
- :l?1,.;,,- r
Exercise 1: In the space provided, write the letter of tlie word or expression
that has rnost nearly the SAMEMEANING as the underlined word.
I r n , - 'i
'!.
a valiant foe
a. hosti le c. cowardly
b. weak d. brave
4
entertai nment Oi.jore
a. e x c it i n g c. p"lentiful
b. free d. prof ess'ional
-35-
a, tru e c. new
b. f i rst d. legal
4. fragi le package
a. e xp e n sive c. breakable
b. genuine d. i ntr'icate
5. co n cu rri n go p i nion
a) a g re e i n g c, anxious
b. 'impati ent d. disagreeing
6. quite a rarity
7. p ri va te i n te rment
8. u n m ' i t i g a t e df u r y 7 i , r " 3
/^'\
a. not lessened c. softened
b. decreased d. unchanged
' l ' t c
9. sober judgment
a. e xc'i te d c. hurried
b. d ru n ke n d\ serious
a. authentic c. false
u n c o n f i r m e, d l ' : ' ' -" d. not true
e,
(opposite) in
Exercise 2: Each word or expression in column I has an ANTONYII
column I1. Insert the'letter of the correct ANTOIf/pl
in the space
provi ded,
COLUMNi MLUMN II
d. genuine
i
-_--.--rJ-_ 5. simple e. recoi led
-?6-
,,-,,,r, "i
A
: ,_ 6. not being $rhatit i s c l a ' i m e dt . o b e f. concur
E x e r c i s e 3 : W h i c h o f t h e t w o t e r m $ m a k e st h e ' s e r r t e n c ec o r r e c t ?
W r i t e t h e l e t t e r o f t h e c o r r e c t a n s v / e ri n t h e s p a c e p r o v ' i d e d .
a. begun b. stopped
. .' . .:
4,Wil1thesesUpp]iessuffice,or'arethey.-?
a. enougn
5. Once i n o u r c e n t r a l r e g i c n s , t h e w h o o p i n gc r a n e i s n o wa r a r i t y ' .
I
Exercjse 4: Fill each blank with the rnost approtrr"iateword from the vocabu'lary
I ist below. j.'
.,/ i J
, l
\,, i
' ..
'
I
c o m pilc a t e d
suffice novice vacani hosti'ie adequate
original impatient civi'lian recoi'ed djgresr;ed resumed
1
The shov{ers sitopped a feu' momentsago, bu:: they have now
L..!- i
1. -r
[''' '
L1
-37-
t\ ' '
(lg''
5. The reprdduction was so clever that only an expert could d'istinguish it
from the t"rr I
7. Don't expect Paul to play the piano as we1l as Lori. After all, he is
only a (an) , t' 'i. ..l.' ' '''
10. The supervisor never - ''t !:: from doing her duty, even though it
m'ight sometimes have been unpleasant.
,{: :'o\f('\i}'\-
\ ((o{ii. lft"-r''
*****)t*****x:f**
i{
r , . 1r (
-38-
Word Study 2
WORD MEANING
: '-
aoiourn (v.) ; . c l o s e a m e e t i n g ; s u s p e n dt h e b u s i n e s so f a m e e t ' i n g ;
disband' :-
'
s h r e w d ; i ^ r i s b ;c r a f t y ; c u n n i n g
a c t o f b l a m i n g ; e x p r e s s i o no f d i s a p p r o v a l; l r o s t . i ' l e
criticism; rebuke
tear down; destroy; raz.e.,,
unlOad r"', r1i-'li- ",,t-j"'
di f fer in op'inion; disagree; object
f a ' i r t o a l I c o n c e r n e d ;j u s t ( ; : ' ,
Exercise 1: In the space provided, write the letter of the word or expression
that has most nearly the SAIIEMEANING as the underlined word.
4
t. vote to adjourn
a. join di sapprove
t'
(D. Otsband ri approve
- \\ r r
) ca te r to -tra
- - - . 1 n si e nts
' ' 1t /(r\
banned a d'ischarged
t,
b. obj ected u, rebuked
-39-
4. re co rd o f p unctuality
a. promptness c. achievement
b. attendance d. lateness
5. t e m p o r a r yf i ' l l i n g
6. i n e q u i ta b l e tr eatm ent
8. d i s c h a r c i n q s u p p li e s
' . unloading (,
a. .' "l i c. unsuitable
b. destroying d. fleeting
f. impromptu remark
a. 'inappropriate c. hosti le
b, cunn'ing dl-l extemporaneous
Exercise 2: In the space provided, write the letter of the word hCITRELATED in
m e a n i n gt o t h e o t h e r w o r d s i n e a c h l i n e .
1. a. object r l "" ^ t i I ; t
b. disagree c . d e m oils h d. dissent
1. T h e i n s c r i p t i o n o n t h e c - r l dm o n u m e rilst h a r d 1 . or e a d ; i t i s a l m o s t
'leg 'r11egib1e
a. i b1e b.
'l 'l
Z. i f the j ury's verdi ct 'is _--_-___, the clefendant wi be exonerated'
3. Rhodahas a'lready had two slices of pizza, while somecf, us haven't had
even one. I t 'isn' t !
a. extricate b. l'aze
5.ShoutdthenewklusinessF,rc)Vejucrative,martyinvestorsw,i.|l-it'
a. enter b. avo'id
Exercise 4: F'ii'l each blank withr the fi|ost appropriate word from the vocabulary
I ist belcw.
t '' '
1. It was no acc'icent. I d'iclit - i.-_'
:
Z. Joan fai]ed to appear for her scheduled retnatch. As a result, accordirrg
io the t91i,fiT.ilt s;hev16sr'r t:'\rr{ -.-_ the same.
.:otes,
3. I will have to speak:___f:i::-,'iinasmuclr q3 I did not expect to be
asked to give e. talk, .:_,,:,,,,eyr,,or
'"J'
4. D a d ' s ;l e f t h a r r c il s i . . \ I L scarred as the resuit of a chi'ldhood
acci clent.
-41 *
5. :r.",
who \
Three of the club members
6. Is the tpt
'ft vacant'
,ru""n or are there somestructures
,,li;* on it that wiil be
*.*,3* * * rf * *:t:f ,t ** * *
-4?*
(i )
Contexts VJith $itui.1a.!.-!tlot-ds
Word Studv Q
WORD MEANIN(]
E x _ e r c i s e1 : I n t h e g ; p , l c €b e f o r e r : a c he x p r e s s i o n i r r c o l u m nI , w r i t e t h e l e t t e r o f
i t s e q u ' i v a ] e n tf r o m c o ] u m nI I .
COLUMNI II
COLUMN
2, i r n p r e s s i v eb u i i d i n g b. cache
!
i 6. account from a part'icu'lar viewpoint f. initiate
7, without a backbone g. Jo' lly Roger
8. b a ke r's d o zen- i\' ' ."' ' , "' " h. era
9. worthless dog i, version
10. black flag with white skull and j. edifice
crossbones
e. initiated
l^
---=- 6. democrati c f. retracted
| 7, reserved g. commended': " r'
- 8. small group h. timorous
:
i 10. not argued about j. ,Jespotic
a. commended b. reprimanded
3. Whenit comesinto power, a despotic governmentusually freedom
of speech and press
a. bans b. permits
'fT
Exercise-4: Fi'll each blank with the most appropt'iate word frem the vocabu'lary
I 'ist be'low.
, r ..,-+.;
1. The rivals were going to tfa+e blolvs, but 1. managedto hold one of them
back and my f ri end ! r:'ir- "'\ tri'leother '
b. If ycu go to en out-of-toq'n college, you w:l'l have expenses for room and
'.'r''i < board, as well as for
----'----
6. After the plane took off , the pi'lot the landing gear.
B. F o u r t e e ns t u d e , n l sw e r e \ r r i s t a a t t h r el a s t a s s e m b l y .
i n t o J u n ' i i i )A
g. BecauseI got url jate, I h,ad to rush to sclr,:o'l. There was no time for my'
usual
\ '
10. Before I learned to swim, I used to be Very - about jumping
into the pool.
:F****{.)ti*******t
1\ ,,.,\A tC
. . . : . 1 "
'la. /tr -
a/
l,
J
i , .j ' .
\
-11
Word Studv 4
MEANING
aggressor(n. ) personor nation that begins a quarre.l;,assailant
altitude (n.) h e i g h t ; . e l e v a t i o n ;h i g h p o s f t i o n ; e m i f e n c e - , ; , ,, , ,
c a ] a m i t y( n . )
congregate(v. ) ,' ,..,:. .great misfortune; c_e!Ag_!e"FJre; Ojsas{eFl.: ,, .,.*
cometogether into a crowd; assemble;gather .
convene(v. ) , meet or cometogether in a group for-a-specific
purpose
cordiality (n.),.. l friendliness; war mthof r egar d \ ..
-cr o n y ( n . ) ,.
c' losecompanion;intim ate ir iend; chum,., , .i , I
deliberately (adv.1 f. in a car efully thoughtout manner ;- on
- pur po" " ;
purposely
...1
r '!. t{
\'" 1''//'
6. lvar^mth
of regard f. d e 1i b e r a t e ' l y
7. spendthe w'inter Y. convene Ir
1
b. assemb'le c. congregate d. gather .[jjt i' t;
,l
A
kr. f l incfi c. recoil d. pinch I'
-..-i
6. b . sp e cta to r c. mu'ltituder d. crord
7. tr. fo re te l I c. pred'ict d. forego )
;,
-b.
8. elevation c. a]t i tude d. em'inence
9. b" surrender c. ban d. ref inquish
In the $pace prov'ided, wrlte the lett,er of the word that meansthe
SAMEas or the OPPOSITE o f t h e w o r d r : r nt h e l e f t .
r ., iltirt . , i"
6,a ,i i. .,i
,
.Jri.. ,. I :".'
1. boo,1 a. connectic,n c. prophecy
2. i narjvertentI y
e) a.
ca1amity
s1ow1y
tie
. . ' , ,. . ,
'r.'- \l
d e 1i b e r a t e l y
. h sel dom quickl y
E x e r c i s e 4 : F i l l e a c h b l a n k w i t h t h e most
'list appropriate word from the vocabu'lary
belov.
/ L,
t.
hi bernated i nt i midated ' dispensed
guest toierated
proh'ibi ted - convened .'
r e f l e cti o n r el inquished
host preface Prophesied,-io..
4. \ , / e r yp c o r f o r t u n e - t e l l e ; .
fu 3ie a W h e i . r e v ey io- u h a v e , r a e , . . :r , \
s h o u l d w i n , w e h a ve l o st. '- r. .: l -, ,,t
1.7
'late.March,
L In t h e p a t i e n t r e t u r n e d f r o m F rvo' r i' dv sa w ,p.,,
i r 'h
r ser ree rsIhI e h a d
si nce chri stmas.
***)r************
.l a'
'r rn lj,
- .1
'r n
v
--
']'
;ll
'.r-l
Com$lrnsenselQentexts
-L!-)
;.,i:, .,
Word Study 5
WORD MFANING
Parforat:e AfL:"''':',
t
i , r d
2. Anyone cou'ld sre that Herb was incensed; l.here was no s;ign of his usual
in cordial i ty
a. u n f r i e n d li n e s s , Ur
*49-
a. ]oses b. wins
l,i
5. This room is poorly i: ,we need more
lvT'"il.o;
a. air b. light
@LUMNI
COLUMN
II
i 1 puncture one who takes part in a contest
,t 2. decease rnoi'ougiiiy searchecithrough
4L^.--..-t-r-
9 . a . contend h
reprove assert d. maintain
1 0 . a . enraged b , maddened i ncensed d, argued
t raversed -inundaterd : l
rummaged perforated
concurrentl y capsi zecl l eoparrly d i v u 1g e d
contended subseque,ntIy famishr:d; d'ifferentiated
Ai
.l -
I was
L ^.,1 :f l
'''
| .(
o. I have always-- -' l:'. tnat it is better to get a good night's sleep
b e f o r e a n i m p o r l : a n tt e s t i l r a n t o s i t u p h a t f t h e n i g h i s t u d y i n g .
-'-', - (
o n o u r d r i v e f r o m B a n g k t i kt o R a y o n g ,* " - 1 * cholburi, Bangsaen,
Pattayaand Satlahip.
*)F*************
-5t -
Commonsense
Contexts (2)
Word Studv 6
t'{ORD MEANING
i ' I
6.(:
(v. )
accommodate 1. hold without crotd.ing or inconvenience; have
- tl .,
L + . /( | \\!
room for
2. oblige; do a favor for; friliih with something
desi red
a p p r e h e n (dv . ) - . ' r . antisiBale*(f.qresee)"rriih t"ur; dread
2. arrest ',
c l e a ve (v. ) st i ck; adh6're';'c1.ing; be f ai thf ul .
conceal (v, ) keep secret; w.ithdraw from observation; hide
c o n t e n t ( a d i . 1' . satisfied; pleased
t,,, : culprit (n.) , one guilty of a fau'lt or crime; offenderl
el iminate(v. ) .. d r o p ; e x c l u d e ; r e m o v e ;g e t r j d o f ; r u l e o u t
.
f a a a f . i a r rr vo v r t/aali \ - . g i v e i - rt o . j o k i n g ;
\svJ. /, not to be taken ser.iousty; witty
fut_igue(v. ) tire; exhaust; weary
i n f a ' | 1 \ b l e( a d j . ) - , incapable of error; sure; certain; absolutely
rel iable
pi lfer (v.) steal (in smal] amounts)
p r o v i nce (n . ) j . ,. ,4
proper business or duty; spheie; jur.isdiction
reflect (v. ) <--- think care_tull_y; meditate; contemplate
reverse (v. ) turn complete'ly about; change to the opposite
P o s i t ' i o n ; r e' ,v'o k e ; a n n u l ' . ,{ .,'
reverse (n. ) - a defe4t
s h a ' l l o w( a d i . ) ' . ' : not deep
s u p e rfl u o u s(a d j . ) beyond rvffat is necessary or des.irable; surp.lus;
needless.
surmount(v. ) c o i i i j u e r ; o v e r c o m e ;c l i m b o v e r ( . i. ,,.. .
u r b a n( a d j . 1 - having to do with
c i t i e s o r t o w n s
vicinity (n.) neighborhood; 'locality; region about or near a
pl ace
vocation(n.) r-.,.. occupation; cal'ling; business; trade
COLUMNI COLUMN
II
la
conquerred a. to be taken seriously
2. superf 1uous b. rested
.t, included -t"* 'c.
surmount
't)
--.--<c+- l F
di vu'lged A necessary
Il
6. infallib'le f
deep
-\2 -
E x e r c i s e ? : I n t h e s p e c ep r o v i d e d , w r i t e t h e ' l e t t e r o f t h e w o r d o r e x p r e s s i o n
that hasrinost nearly the Sr\MEMEANINIi as the under"l'inedword.
1. notring to dreASt
'
a, conceal ,ft( apprehend |
b. intimjdate I r:1. annul
-i'r'l r'(
2. s t ' i I I c l e a v in q
4. g h e l ' l o wd ' i s h
5. t jnre to med'it.ate
/ ' ' ^v -
,a: ref l ect " 11. wi thdraw
'b, "'
rest
a. - judgmen'! :. knowledge
br.'' province ., :' ;"' C. ab'ilitY
-"
7. unlinowncul ptj t
^"'' .'.'
a. vi cttm C. C f O n Y' *
b, enemy t. offender
8. glitd to .qggsmlnodate
a. ful I d'.
'6. satisf .ied
b. displeased '{r*-''1.",'co,Jt.^\ unfrappy
10. co mmopni 'l f e rer
' , { 1( . . . - ,
,E thief , c. criminal
b. jeopardy d. novice
""{
rio .o.a
', ' 't,
/\ 1. |
2' I f t h e p e r s o n a p p r e h e n d e di s
, then who.is the real culprit?
a. gujlty
,W: 'innocent
3. Yesterday': our fifth in a row. we havenot _-_-
:"iliilg.was
s i n c e M a r c hB . c l . r i , ,,
a same
," i ,.
a. l o st won
.{1
4' I k n o w m yj u d g m e n t i s f a l l i b r e b e b a u s eI h a v e o f t e n b e e n - -
p a s t. in the
7. wrong b, right
5' out , poputat'ionkeepsd#i nri{, whire our urbanpopu'ration
, grow.
cont.inues
to
a. city E farm i 1
Exercise 4t each blank with the most appropr'iate word from the vocabulary
T]11
t.ist below..
a d h e r e, , el iminated .luous
'l superf jur.isdiction
accommodated p.i f er f acet ious conceal
vocationa'l reversed f ati gued surmount
S. The parents sat riown,exhaustedafter a hectic day, but ther ch'i'ldren seemecl
not tlre least bit -I:!,+i-L*--.
':'
6. N o o n e w o u l d h a r r et r i e d t o t ' -_-- t i - l il d i n g m a t e r i a l s i f t h e
c o n s t t ^ u c t i o ns i : : e h a d b e e n p r o p e r ' l y g u a r d e d'
/_'''1 "\ \
r(**********t(*trt(
,1,,,,, f 1
r,t
( ,:'\ r
-55 -
Word Study 7
WORD MEANiNG
1,- ..1-.. . -i , , , , i ,l ,
(v.) tl,' '"'
, , ,
1.
o^
d. augment b. ekaggerate c. abate d. *'ririrv
3. a. combative b. timid c. belI i gerent 1 ,r
d. warl i ke
4. a. pretended b. authentic c. genu'ine d. true
5- a- rlnw'iqo]rr h aef r r ft v a ' lI r r a , r q ^ i - - 1 . , )
ss Lu
J vvruliltYty u, $ r ' a rr I t y
1'r
lrt' ,'' i,1,. : fV':f pli',1r
6. a. agreement D , accord altercation d . understanding
r .,'
7. a. miniature b. tiny f ragi 1e d. sma'll l.{.-r,' 'i{
t9^ \
\r', \,,.,,.,..j,,' r i { l ' , . 1 r r ; ' !:
if l,'''' '
n -
)o
tl '- _
'l
,rt
}l a. arguec Lh'i intervened c, c;ontended fl
asserted
) { tC
q
a . m a g r r i f i e d b . m it i g a t e d c. diminished A
reduced
: ,'l ' r.
10. a. hinder tr. discourage -9) tolerate d. deter
fir !rr -
3. gl:ayen retreat (.
:
a" c o n s p ic L r o u sl i ' ) . .x: . coward'ly
b" d e l i b e r e r t gl ' t r ' ' ' ' : ci. ari fuI
+. urban affai rs
B. dUBlrEa.ljpn ma.chine
9. f oes €'o'-o""'
urlrQggngj_Le_d
a. tricky c. 'incorrect
b. crafty honest
,K
a. everyone b. no one
Exercise 4: Fil'l each blank with the most appropriate word from the vocabu'lary
list below. . ,, ..
intervening stamina abating quintei currency
duplicate vo1ition,. security ' be11igerent1y. r \ .
i mmacul
atel y cc'nsp'icuous'ly i nc-reasing i nconspi cuousl y
J t L4l1 1
"'
'lived '.', ,l
1. The pioneers who through the f irst bitter winters in the rugged...,",'l,,
w'ilderness must have had rbqarkable 91.,,, , . .
2. WhenI asked your'brother to stop shout'ing out the windorrr,he said: "you'd
better mind your own businessl" I was surprjsed that he answeredme do
.,,,;i t .: I rr.i'r "
4. our basketball teamwas more than a match for the opposiflg 1i.'"lti .
-64-
. t. t t,'. l':
5. Entering 1ate,, Juta tr.ied to take her seat but the teacher
noticed her.
7.. I f y o u l e f t t h e l i b r a r y , a s y o u s a y , a t 1 p . n r . a n Cd i d n ' t r e t u r n h o m eu n t i l
5 , w h e r ew e r e y c u i n t h e r r I r - , v l r l r f .f O u r h o u r s ?
't L
, .'
10. Meta used to-!e-fg!d_gl the gr:itar, but hisj interest in that instrument
'is j' -l
_=, l-'.,
.,1
,-i,, n - .r ,
',ri,.: ''r
t r* * t ( * * * * * * * * * * *
( l ' . r 1 ,' 1\,
!f
- - -q -
6 t >'"'t-r- 1 t'a '''
|
a
MixedContexts (2)
V/ord Study I
l{ORD
MEANING ,,,
r r,{lt . 'll '/ ' | -, .1 ,
alternatjve (n:) c h o i c e ; o n e of two or more things
offered for
choi ce
beverage(n. ) drink; liquid for drinking
b l u n d e r( n . ) mi s takeor er r or causedbi stupidity or
carelessness
': d i spufq.- quar r el; , , .{
. controversy (n. ) .t .. .,.
\ ,'-custody (n. ) , . ,,. debate; str ife
ca re; safekeeping;guar dianship ,r
c F i m i n u t i v e( ad j . ) n ^ ,,\r , -
i" " - , dispel (v.) ,! lelow a v e r a g e
s i z e ; s m a l l ; t r n y .
d ri v e awaVb1 scatter ing;' sca3te_r ^;
dormant (aOi. ) ,.',, , !t,, 11" disper se i
inactive, as i f .r,
.
l'l' '
resting ,as'teep;.slt'eefriglqliptl-"iuJgi"n
. -' ' ' i . i.o /r ,
ri.r': dxclusive'ly :
{adv. ) solery; 'withoutsh-ari^n '
exempt(adj. ) ', *ith others;
\- f r e e do r r e l e a s e dt r o m i o u t v , l i a b i i i iund.ividedly
v,'or-rule
,,,,. ,
- a' to wh.ich others are subject
'',igperil (u.)
e n d a n g e r ;j e c p a r d i z e 1 . t r , / . n
l ineage (n.) ':
descent (in a Cirect l.ine from a cornmon
ancestor);
-
ancentry; family; extraction "*- i-t- , ,
major (adj. ) ,. r greater; larger; more important;
objective (n. ) principal 2
aim or end (of an action); goal
objective (adj.; .
inyo'fving facts, rather tfrin"personal
/ \ 'r :
feelings or
opinions... ,i
o p i n . i o n a t e d( a d j , )
y f y l y a t t a c h e c Jt o o n e ' s o w n o p i n i o n ; o b s t i n a t e ; - . .
stubborn
.,presenily (adv. ) short tirne; soon; before long
pr_O}Drasti
{c-,,,' nate (v. ) put things off; delay; postpone;
prodjgious (adj. ) ;.r. , defeF;.r.i,.
extraordinary in.size, quantity,
t.
or extent; vast;
enoi^mous;huge; immense
[irotract (v. ) o r a w o u t ; ' l e n g t h e ni n t i m e ; p r o . l o n g i
retain (v. ) €xt€nd ,
keep; continue to have, f,oiO, or^
I I
,i"
. | : ' l ' . . '
r . 1 : : t " ' i , . i -
COLUMNI
MLUMN I I
1. descent a. 'invo'lvjng persona.l
' f eel ings rather.
than facts :
di spe'l b. released from a duty
obj ect'ive c. extraordinary jn size
4. stri fe cj. involvrng facts rather than opinions
ai
5. subj ect i ve e, extraction
o. prot ract f controversy
-L;0-
(oppos'ite) in
E x e r c i s e2 : Each wc;^cor expressiion in column I lras an ANT0NYM
column.tl. I n s e r t t h e l e t t e r o f t h e correct ANTOI{YM
in the space
provi Ced"
COLUMN
I (]OLUMN
II
I
a- { m'x
nor a. tJormant
4. f ew al ternatit'es rnajor
6 safe t ' e t a rn e d
----------{J--
*. q
clear objectives 1. , e r r o r le s s
b. viell fed
.l
As sorcnas,the employeeleelrned t h a t s h e w a i ; b e r n g r e t a r n e d , she
iooking for a nswposition. i,, .. .,,,, , ,
ri-; t
a. started ;K
s,iopped
-61 -
/A
' opinions b. facts
5. Because
of a protracted controversy, the meeting
ended than usua.l.
a, earl ier
/"1 rater
custody- jeopardjze
dispel r. subiective protract
objective retain
alternative 'nino. .. major
?fi:;g:"r"
'! - In ccntra", *3j the dimiiiui]ve
Be_qpreof ri Ti iput, Guri.iver seemeda(an)
gi ant r.," ,
2' TheEmperor.'claiming to be_adescendant
sheba, was exceptionil ty prouo oi;* pt ,Kingso'lomonand the eueenof
- f :_*_.
3. A b ro ke np ro mi sema y ,.'i ., ,' a f r iendship.
4, The.champio mnu s tw i n t o n i g h t , s m a t c hi f s h e i s
to (,t.. her tiile.
5' I wantedto end the discussion,p,qry;*
d i d e v e r y t h i n gs h e c o u l d t o it- ' lwas
t . serv.ingno purpose, but pat
I'rrin,:i-
6. cheesesandwich
I::JlAi:^u:,1Jr"!:r.the
Everything youhaveno 6tt,,,,i,
because
eise has been so.lcJ.
7' TheBritish forces wereordered
-acr,i
to p:t_dcwntne leoei.iion, out eeirelar
washington preventedthemtrom ;;GT;"i"=".].,,1,r.y4,1[",.
8' A1'l I could rememberwere the_1ess
important causes of the industria,l
R e v o l u t i o n . I c o-u' ,l. d; " n, : , t r e c a l i tLhr reG . t , , ., i ',
" _' ^o nne6s .c! i :,. ,42r l ri a. <. ,' )! \
9. G o r nl e f t h i " * i G , * : + c h i n n y -_*__rr-.-._-
,,,-1,.-,,
befc
*-,rre d'iving into the pool .
10. on,tle.effects of smokins
H:
t h e :l?:;|r_uf.r."::,u.,i
n o t i o n t h a t i t i s ir,,1""?e
a h a r m l e s sh
shoutd 1.,,.1
abit.
i r lr <
************u&o
-62-
9vnonyms
D'irectionq: Choosethe word that has the closest meaninqto the underl i ned wor'<l/
wonds.
Exers&il
A :;upp1emen.t an5, f. imitation
b. rn€ans g. feared
a p u t j n t o e f f e r' 'c; t h. avenged
rl ilre h'indered i. in contact w'ith
e. cc,nforming tcr j, fight
(J
As there are lrot enough lectu^ers in our university, many
(. ,.: ' i , ./'Adt_UnEII ecturers are hi red.
. t.t..,
I
-.-T_-I 1n l V e t a k e s o m ea n t i b i c t i c t a b ' l e l s t o c r : m b a to u r i I l n e s s e s .
Exercrse 2i
procuct i ve f propose
h 'free d
Vr remarkab'le
ir tervail ' h moti vat'ion :
'1
J
u. put up with , energetica'l1y
n6;$$ed 1 norqr-rrra'l r t'i o'c
'1
I don't thinl.i I can tolerate lris behav'lor any longer.
(
6. We can judge poor people by their tattered clothes. ,
Exerc'ise 3
l t '1: 1:J.
. :,i,
6.
.)- .:
H e i s n o t g u ' i l t y b e c a u s eo f t e n u g u s e v i d e n c e . i , - , , n , . n.
i l' /'\. / ', ,1'\ ', r ' : ' l
f r ,,.
______t_ 7. The candle flickered and then went out. r . 'r.1 I,iI
.: -. ,:.
L H o wt o g e t r i d o f c o r r u p t i o n ? I t i s a d i s t a s t e f u . l top"ic to
d'iscuss
10. The v'ictims of rab'ies are esulelr aware of pain when they
in the advanced stages of the d.isease.
,1
, _
i . : , ., ., , , t ..
_64-
Exercise4
- 1i.,
'less
a. advanced f. check on a r$gular be.sis
.' , b. clverwhel ming g. termi naied
c. soon h. expensive
d. obl i gatory i" unreadabje
e. distant j. hid
-.t
1. It has becomeUgnda'tgrythat e,very driver must pay for the
i:ol l
Exercise 5- : '" I
:'
a, has g o n e by '' f. choice
b. emotiona'ly breakinrl s. unstableness
c, period h. rtalkr constant]y w'ithout saying much
d. many i. extrem*pa'in
e. facts j. surprised
' i' ''
'] "
"'
--*- i
_.--!_- -'- _-
1 t { ! ' r e i tr t a r t i - g S m e r n o s t i s h i s s ; : p h i s t i c a t e d idea.
'
' ,'
4" H i s l f r i e n d s a r e a l r r y a y tsi r e d o f h i m b e c a u s sh e a l w a y s b a b b l e s ; .
Ex e r c i s e6
a. tu rn f. edge
h affaa*
9l t99L g. pei^Suacie r.
al ive h' horribie ct'r''it'''
d. w'roespread i. c o m p e t ew i t h
e. force our way into .J. involved
' 'i '-4,
" ' i I .'t
.i,,
1. T e l e vi si o n h as an impacton"peop' le,slives.
2. I don't want my father to be gnggredin politics.
t":!
o. It was so crowded that we could not penetrate the
L
A
TV can 'induce people,to believe that the products advertised
on TV are worth buying.
.,,.,rr'i ,t: 't.. iL\l'^./(;., J.;,
5. Peoplealways riveir withfeach other for: the bestuiob.
6. A t th e p l a n ec r ash site, the sight of thevictim s *"* uoit- :tj f,.o..
7. wealwavsevg+ our eves*r,"n'*uilhing''"r;tii"n*our"rlt""''
,. ' t
Exerc'ise 7
a- nA f\.ra1t te ,- r , t
qu,;ckly ]mk ovei-
b. comparativbi y g. rough / ,. |' t.
sma l l p i e ce s h
obstac'le ' '-
d. physical i
deep . ';
.
e. p ra cti ca l 1y j. resources
t^
-i^: |v1}{ r
I
1.,r,.1.1..1
\ i ) . i \ |
-66-
' : , |. .r'|
. . , . , .ai ,r , . i
DGtL-
t-'
n\
1. H i s i n j u r i e s r e s u l t e d f r o m h i s r r r o r k i n gc o n d i t i o n s , e s p e c i a l l ) /
healy manuai wlrk. ,. .
trr
,t-
2. Virgglly'al1 rrf the people in Bangkokare a.ffected by the
tra''fic pr'ob1em.
-+_-
,{i 'it,u
'lage,
2 In r:rder to gain access to thi s vi I the govgrnmenthad
t o l l u i l d a c r u , l e r o a c l , t ,. : I -
i, - ;r
A
to produce c'ii qujck'ly and effectively.
OPE(Ihas the maan_-q
. I
,.,
q
M y r r e wm a i c i i s v e r y c l u m s y . S h e b r o k e t w o g l a s s e s i n t o
f r e J t m e n t so n h a r f i r s t d a y .
I itr. : j.Y,gr, L ;.
6. The weiither this wintelis .fe]el.lfgly colder than last year's.
l Before I jeave hometo work in the morning, I spend a few
7.
news,
minrrtes scernnil3gthe newspaperfor the econcrm'ic
ExerciseB
g.
"''
ver\/ i mportant c I evefness
verify ,; h *ere grouped
at '-he present time u n c le a r
1!unctions
j
sol id'ly ).
T h e p i c t u r e s a r e b l u r r v b e c a u s et h e y a r e o u t o f f o c u s .
,:r(
4,.:r
6,'
- o/ -
Exercise g
a. recent1y f primary
b. eventual1y g. referred to
c. a cl o se w a tch h. comeout
d. a cce p t' i. reserved
A
too severe combine
1
6. l V h a td i d y o u d o l a t e l v ?
'" r ('
7. s a l t i s f o r m e d w h e n s o d i u m a n d c h l o r i n e c o a l e s c e . / , n ,L . , .
^ ('
L The police maintained,sgryeil.-i-angg
of the arrested criminajs.
1;tt\ '- '''Vri
9. T r a f f i c i s a m a i o rp r o b ' l e m , , b
o ifg. c i t i e s .
l/1
ul-timatelv, the suspectedmurdererwas arrested after
w i t n e s s e sh a d s u p p l i e ds u f f i c i e n t i n f o r m a t i o n . the
r r , , . i;. r { i i . t ;
Exercise 10
I
Frequentiy, there is a famine in Eth.iopia,especia'l1y
sttmmer tima
in the
I .u
7. B e l f c r ec o o k i n g , a n c i e n t p e o p l e u s e d s t o n e t o i g n i t e w o o d .
L''- ^
u. rrtrrbagealrd sewageqrnlam'inate the water.
n -,*l
l. rr rl{
*,t******:t*,f*****
_69*
D'irections: Choose the correct form of the word to fit into each senrence.
'{ ,71
a. He . . m e f r o m t h e p a y r o l1 .
b. Sheis.,. talentedinmusiic.
c. There are no to the laws.
d. Wipa has ;rn ski 1I i n I anguagel earni ng.
.i I 1 -
r i r , {i ' . . ^ jr j l : 1 , 1\ - . , t}'
9. t o d e f e n d , d e f e n d e r , d e f e n s ' i v e n e s s ,d e f e n s e , d e f e n d a n t , d e f e n s j v e ,
d e f e n s iv e 1y
a. T h e r ew a s a ] o t o f b e , t w e eH
n it l e r a n d h i s v i c t i m s .
tl. North an<isouth Korea regard each otherr ,.. wheneverthey'
encounter each other
c. Both Nonth and south Korea are towards each other's;
ideas most of the tinre.
'
' ': '
'l
,'t'.
a. At present, the . , . . . w o r k o r sa r e w e l l - t r a i n e d .
b. Before Nitaya was . . . . a t o u r o f f i c e , s h t ] w o r k e da s a
c a s l r ie r .
c. Her ftrrmer ... a d n r i r e dh e l y v o r k i n g p e r f o r m a n c ea l o t .
d. S h e w a s c h o s e nt o b e t h e b e s t .... of the year.
e. Manyrecelnt graduates are looking for desperately.
f. If you want trr .. you r;hould take somecomputer
courses.
l ' t 1 ' a'
14. to equal i ze, equal i ty, equa'l, equal I y
a. H ew o rksa s a . .... for the Centr alDepar tment Cor por a ti on.
b. Due to recent advanced :.... manycountries uti I ize
c o m p u t e r isn a l m o s ta l l t h e i r a c t i v i t i e s .
Manyteacherscan improvethejr instruction by emp'loying new.teaching
cj. , the pr ocessof pasteur ization.isquite conpl ex .
e. Ja p a ni s sa i d to b e the most ... advanced countr y in As i a.
f. This is a . age for ever y countr y.
g. Her lecture is too ...... r . . . . . . . . f o r l a y m e nt o u n d e r s t a n d .
16. to distribute, d'istribution, distr.ibutor
a. His
b. He .. d e m a n d fso r t r i s s h a r e o f t h e o r o f i t .
c. He uponpaying his share all tfre time.
d. I t s e e m st o m e t h a t w a t a n a i s t h e m o s t .....person I have
ever met.
-'12*
'o"
r'_!.
.r; ,ii' ,' :'
20. e v i d e n c e ,e v i d e n t , e v i d e n t i y
2 1. t o c o i n c i d e , c o i n c i d e n c e , c o i n c i r l e n t a l, c o " n c i d e n t a l y
a. V r l h aat . . t h a t f i v e p e r r p l e i n 1 6 i s r : 1 a s sw o r k ' i n t h e r
sameof 1''ice.
b. Her bi rth<lay th i s yearr w"ith Chines,eNewYear's Day.
c. . . , f i v e p e o p l e v { e r et n e s a m et y p e o f T - s h i r t t o d a y .
d. It is t h a t h e r b i r t h d a y a n d C h i n e s e N e wY e a r ' s D a y
are on\ the same day..
'
,\,/ | ',"!t'
-'
2?. to appear, appearance, apF,arent, apparentl)t
a. It is t h a t P i t u k n t a d ea m is t a k e .
b. His . is very sloppy.
c. The news in the paper this morning is horrib'le.
d. . . , P i t u k n i a d ea m i s t i r k e . H e m a i l e d a l e t t e r t o t h e
wrong company
't"'' ''i''t" i'
e! "t':
23. t o c o n s i s t , ' c o n s i s t e n c y , c o n s i s t e t r t , c o n s "t i; t e n t l y
a. T h e n a m et : f t h e c u s t r l m e r ss h o u j d b e i i s t e d in the f ile.
b. I n t h e f i i e , i t i s i r n p o r t a n ti o m a i n t i l i n ... for the sake
of clari ty.
c, The governmentbody . of two parties.
d. .' :Y o u s h o i t l d b e e b o u t 1 : h ew a y y o u k e e p t h e f i l e s .
' ri
24. c o m p a t i b l e ,c o m p a t i b l y , c c m p a t j b i l i t y
a. M y f r i e n d a n d h i s r n c t h e r - i n - ' l a wI i v e t J t o g e t h e r
b. M yp a r e n t : ; h a v e l i v e c t o g e t h e r i n r e l a l i v e .. for 45 years.
c. I w i l ' l n o t n r a k ea n y c o m m i t m e ntto h e r u n t i l I k n o l vw e w i l l b e
l:
"t
25. to he,sitate, hesitatiort, heiitant, hesitanr:ly, hesitancy
a. H e a p p r o a : h e dh e r . . - . b e c i l u s eh e w a s n o t s u r e a b o u t h e r ,
b, He w'i'll t o a s k h e r t c >m a r r y h i n .
c. H ' i sa c t i o ; 1 i s m a r k e db y . , , a s t h o u g hh e i s u n w ' i l l i n g
t o c o m m ' i th i m s e l f t c r a n y t h i n g .
d. It seemedto her that he ei lot before he approachedher.
-73-
. , , . . , t 6 . . , ,. : (: ': -'-
! r' i
r '-l l' i'
',{'
,' :l
26. t o a u t h o r i z e , a u t h o r i t y , a uthor ization, author itar ian,
author jtative,
a u t h o r i t a t i v e 1y
a. J a p a nw a n t s t o . . . . t h e w o r . l dm a r k e t i n e v e r y w a y s h e
b. Movies are the can.
c.AfterWor.tdWarII,Japanquick.lyeStab1i;hedeconomic..
over the other Asian countries.
d. S h e i s c o n s i d e r e dt o b e a . . . . . . . . . . p e r s o n a m o n gh e r c l a s s m a t e s .
e'
::.T:.::ll:. ::Tff;';],'?"f;i":,"rn.*u:iut perhaps
a r itile too
. i
'.:,ri' .' i
.,1 ,. at\t
l . .
3 1. to e x t e n d , e x t e t l s i o n , e x t d n t , e x t e n s i v e , e x t e n s i v e l y
S o c i o l o g i { ; t sa r e m a k i n g . . , , . s t u d i e s o f t h e p r o b ' l e mo f
rural areils,
h
They are {;tudying this problem ..
The . , , . o f t h e i n d u s t r a l d e v e ' l o p m e ntto i n c l u d e t h e
rural areas is stronrlly recommended.
d
Gradual1y, students the.ir abi I i ty to I earn.
The reseinrch study by' the ar;haeo1ogisl.sled to an ..
of our kncn'ledgeof our own heritage.
,' ,,)i: - . . , . ', , , i " . ' . . , .
, :. l
29 to r{ourish, noulishment, nourishing, nourished
a. M a n yp e o p ' l r b e l r e v e t h a t a d v a n c e dc i v i l l z a t i o n in
Greece; somedi sagree wi th that .
b. P a it o o n , a n e w w r i t e r , w r i t e s w i t h g r e r a t H is n o v e l
wonthe first prize this year.
c. The . . . , o f m a n i : s s a i d t o k r et h e a p e
d. he planned to opeir"atea French restaurant.
L a t e r h e c l r a n g e dh ' i s m i n d .
-75 -
i..
4..
- I n T h a i l a n d , t h e t e m p e r a t u r ei n t h e w i n t e r
to p1ace. . from place
b. There is a wide
of fr ui ts i n T h a i l a n d .
c. Before he was il;' l;l' t r i e d
operatehis business. ";";;;;frt',' methods to
;.-;,.
4 1. to verify, verifjcation, verifiable
\i:.',''t'- ii''
a" T h e P r e r s i d e n to f t h e U , S . A . a n d t h e P r e s i d e n t o f t h e S o v i e t U n i o r r
are inl'olved in peace
b. Theystr'rngly befieve that this issue 'is ...
c. T h e P r e s i d e n t o' lfe at hdre>rP h i l i p p i n e s i s r r y i n g t o with
the comm;nist in order to maintain in the country,
-i -, {
a. T h e r e s u l t s o f t h e r e s e a r c hs t u d i e s i t a v es e v e r a l
f or educat 'ional oract i ce .
H'istory tells; us that pecple have used turtnels since 2000 B.C. whenthe
a n c i e n t P e r s i a n s d u g t h e m t o m c v ew a t e r f r o m o n e p l a c e t o a n c l t h e r . L a t e r , i n
India and Egypt, peolle often the'ir dead in tunne1s, In the f ifteenth
century, fighting armies learned to dig tunnels under their - 2 Then
they cameout of the tunne]s ar,d took the enemysoldiers by - 3 -
r.
I
(A) f ed r\ R
a'j
)' buried \{'
(C) aided (D) arrested
Bassagel
T u n n e 'l ca
s n _ b eb u i l t i n har d or soft gr ound. '
and easier to bui I d. Workers 1 tunnels ar e s afer
, 2 , - thj rock Awaywi th,.dynami te and then
use big 3 to maketh; tundG bigger.--*tt-nound
4 to build, becausethe loose tunnels
'in],=ruXr=
are more
people have died doing this dangerous can easily s
"ui[t.r
work.
About four hundredyears can'#v birds were taken from the canary
Islands to Europq. There tfrey 1,^o-yiro were
found them to be 2 " compan'ion;;Altir"ush ff,* wi'ld canaries had aiways
3 ' their songs necamemore beautiful uit". the b'irds
o v e r t h e y e a rs, th e g re e n i strco ior of were trained.
yellow color that tarnecanari"i the wilJ 'canar i"r - l- 4"- ' to a br .i ght
h"u* toJ"v."'-
2. ( A)
(c)
p r ese rve s rPl
(o1r 1'ood
c rabs
hardware
/-\
3. (A) hungry (B) 1 Fel x i b l e
(c) avai lable (D) anxl0u$
A (A) swal lows . (B) conf i rms
(c) chews ,''"1 (D) recommenos
Passage5
Passage 6
Passage 7 ,
1. (A) benef i t ( c)
(e) evidence
si gn (D) requirement
2. (A) deficit ,
tef surplus
|.tJ/ | oan ( D) negot' iat' ion
(A) disposed, (c) d o m i n a t e-d. ; r . - ' . .
,J.
Pagsage 8
t
,',
Passaqe9
, ,,,,..,n! "- ...
There is considri11tble mystraryabout how the iVory goes from Africa to the
'Far
E a s t . O v e r t h e p a 3 1 - * , - t _ . , a s m u c ha s f o u r - f i 1 ' t h s o f t h a t i v o r y h a s b e e n
of 2 . o r i g i n - S a C h e d , t h e n s m u g g l e d . S o m g t i m e st h e 3 -- cross
borders t o h u n t , a s f t ' o m S o m a l i a i n t o K e n y ao r Z a r n b ' i i
a n t o Z i m b a b w e t
, h en carry
the 4- baqk b y n i g h t . S o m e p o a c h e r s a r e !1.p!f v i l l a g e r s , 5 and
poor, who stalk th'eir 6 _ _ o n f o o t , v { a l k i i n gf o r w e e k s , 1 i ' r i n g o f f g a m e . A
poachelin-fenya says ne nei ieves tlibal 7 _ _ - -m a k eh i m i n v i s i b l e t o
4 a n t i p o a c h i n gu n i t s . H e b u r i e s h i s t u s k $ i n t h e village latrine or B ,
tffiave'Heseljsthemforap1llenEc(aslittleas$40foratusk
t h a t m a ye v e i n t u a l l y t i r i n g $ 1, 0 0 0 i n J a p a n ) t o a r e l : ; p e c t e db u s i n e s s m a n in a nearby
t o w n , w h o s e l ' l s t h e m t o s o m e o n ee l s e f o r t h r e e t ' m e s w h a t h e p a i d . (Time,
October16, Bg)
:
I
tkf decade (c) s;tarvation
(B) a d vo ca l e , (D) :;l aughter ./
.',:1,41,
rt (A) el i g'ib'le '' (c) l)rogressive
(B) exot i c ! r\X
)
"i legal
)/e
a
(A) i n v e s ti g a t o r s (c) ilerobati cs
poacher"$t; :' - i r r cdi e n t s
- 1 1 '. , ' v , . 1 : '
WT [D)
., .'.'1,' ri,..'s.1
.A+ . (A) componentg , (c) ":usks i :' "
(B) d e h r is '(D) (:arsoes
:,\r,\k 5. w
(B)
i1literate "
n u d ih ' 1 e
(c)
(D)
rrcurishi ng
<lver-fed
1n\ tiisaster',
V. l-KT' excursion \v,/
d ^J 4
ttl
Passage10
Passage1'l 1'
(A)
(B)
Precaut'icl'l ' "'
i nfect i on
w
(D)
:;yndrome
r>peration
7. (A) maintai tl ^ e t a in
w concentrate !.c'i rn\ \/ani sh
P a s s a g e1 2
'".''-tl\'')
A n i m a l d i s e a s e s a r e s t i l l a b ' i g p r o b l e m i n T h a i l a n d . H c l o fa n d m o u t h
d . i s e a s eh a s b e e n f o u n d " j p . s e v e r c r lm a j o r .1 -_ regions of the country and
this has 2 curfHi"lbd tlre potential for be:f and pork e:xports to nations
l i k e J a p a nw h i c h 3 the 'importat'ion of meat f rom 4 . areas. In
October, the first step to set utp disease-free livgSlOek-J.e9ions was 5 -
when a Frerrch firm, Fhone MerrieruxCo, won tfre Cidding to E-uf'lcl-afac'i'lity to
produce -_ 6 aga'inst hoof.end mouth d'isease. The plant was to cost 441
m i ' l l i o n b a h t a n d t o b r r_ 7 i n f ' l a k h o nR a t c h a : ; ' i mPar o v i n c e . T h e p l a n t w o u l d
eventually B _ : ] 0 m i l l i o n r J o s e sc , f v a ' : c ' i n e ' , v o r t h 2 O Om i l l i o n b a h t a y e a r ' .
Th'is would I _ T h a i ' l a n d t c i e x p o r t v a c c i n e < > n b e ' t h ef a c t o r y w a s f u l ] y
'10 Vaccine would be produceclsoon. Bu'l after only two weel'isof
suUsequentdevelopmentsarising f rom tl"re French c()mpany'supward revaluation Of
its b'icj bec;auseof foreign excherngel problems tha'i had been unforeseen at the
t i m e t h e b i d w a s m a c i e t, h e p r o j e i c t w as still not officially going ahead.
(BangkokPost, December30, Bo) , r '' x'r-r
ird.'{"-
Ct:r{r''(
\"t"t r}rrr' 'i (c) 'i rri tates !'\'i.'|$ r ' .' (
3. lrars P{r'r''('"t
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(B) (D) uxpands :' '{
s t i m u l a t € - qr r ' , r ' ' ' t
lrl
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4. (A) e x p tr e o (c) penali zed
I infected i'1.
(B) fac'i Iitated f'"'i t"""r'tr1
/"D)
-R?-
5. W initiated.;)'\...t (c) s u b s i d i z e d. \
(B) su sta i n e d
6. (A) d'ignity . ' . l , i" '
(C) ePidemic qro
(B) deficiency. irr rr vaccine- "
!D)
7. (A) p o i n te d o u t ( C) car r jed out
9*" s e t u p . : \ , . \ . r i1 r , . ' \r\i - ' , v b ' < 'i O i b r o u g h tu p
8. (Aj produce (C) m o d fi y
(B) re ca l1 (D) duplicate
n
e. (Al
(B)
disptay .:, gt enable
ci rculate (D) restri ct
10. lA) operational (c) p r e d ' i c t i v e - " . .. ' -' r 1
re q u isi te 'I
1el (D) informative ,''.
* * * : t * * * * * i ( : ** * , t * * : t *