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IMPROVEMENT CM&
INTRODUCTION
TURBINES
GAS TURBINES
The majority of gas turbine plants have a mechanical The control panel fails to receive the startup permissive
starting system to increase the speed of rotation from due to problems caused by the sliding disk limit swit-
zero rpm to a sufficient speed for ignition and to self- ches.
sustaining speed. The starting system is generally The clutch fails to engage due to hydraulic piston pro-
equipped with a device connecting the torque converter blems.
and accessory gear, which disengages when the turbine is The clutch fails to disengage and startup is therefore
running independently. Virtually all FR5 and FR6 turbines aborted.
installed prior to 1997 have a dog clutch, or jaw clutch, tor- In addition, with a jaw clutch the turbine has to be statio-
que transmission device. The jaw clutch consists of two nary (zero speed signal) before it can be restarted. A sin-
disks fitted on the end of the drive shaft of the torque gle-shaft, generator drive FR5 gas turbine can take more
converter and on the end of the driven shaft of the than 15 minutes to come to a complete rest if it decelera-
accessory gear. Both disks have shaped mating surfa- tes from full speed. A FR6 takes even longer due to the
ces with toothing made on the surface so that torque can greater inertia. For single-shaft, generator drive units it is
be transmitted solely from the torque converter to the important to be able to have the turbine running at full load
accessory gear and therefore from the starter motor to in the shortest time possible. If the startup sequence aborts
the turbine. The disk connected to the torque converter for some reason (loss of flame, high vibration, high exhaust
can slide along the spline made on the shaft. The disk is temperature, etc.) the time delay necessary for restarting
moved, and consequently the clutch is engaged and can be an onerous restriction.
GAS
disengaged, by two hydraulically operated pistons. Use of a Synchronous Self-Shifting clutch (SSS) elimina-
tes the drawbacks associated with a jaw clutch.
Jaw clutch starting systems have the following draw-
backs: APPLICATION
Wear of spline toothing on the torque converter shaft MS5001 and MS6001 gas turbines
eventually prevents the disk from moving properly and
consequently the clutch fails to engage. TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION
Correct meshing of the disks is jeopardized by wear of The SSS clutch is a self-engaging device that transmits
disk toothing thus preventing clutch engagement. power through gears.
TURBINE
ENGAGED POSITION
GAS
DISENGAGED POSITION
Ratchet
Output
rotating
Oil rim.
Shaft centre
Input
rotanting
Pawls in contact
with ratchet Teeth are aligned for
inter-engagement
Sliding
assembly CLUTCH ENGAGING
Helical Output
splines rotating Further slight rotation of the input
relative to the output applies the light
torque to the pawls necessary to
move the sliding assembly along the
helical splines. The aligned teeth are
Input moved axially to mesh and during
rotanting this travel the pawls disengage from
the ratchet teeth
When the clutch input slows down relative to the output, the CLUTCH DISENGAGED
torque is reversed on the helical splines and the teeth disengage
to revert to the condition shown in the first diagram above
GAS TURBINE STARTING SYSTEM
IMPROVEMENT
Re-allocation of the starting circuit (33CS), previously used
to signal the engaged jaw clutch position, to indicate SSS
clutch engaged.
SCOPE OF SUPPLY
The scope of supply of the Synchronous Self-Shifting
system is as follows:
SSS Clutch model 64T (or equivalent).
Lube oil inlet and drain pipes.
Starting system layout modifications.
Control panel modifications.
BENEFITS
Enhanced reliability of the turbine starting system
Reduced maintenance
Greater starting system reliability
Significant reduction in restart time after a startup
sequence failure
Proximity
switch
Casing
assembly
Helical sliding
assembly
Input assembly
Output
assembly
COMK/MARK 666/I I- Studio Tre Fasi -1-2003 2003 Nuovo Pignone S.p.A. all rights reserved
STARTING
TURBINE
SYSTEM
GAS