Problem 431

Determine the force in the members DF, DG, and EG for the Parker truss shown in Fig. P-430.

Support Reactions

R=12(1357)=472.5 kNR=12(1357)=472.5 kN

From the Section to the Left of N-N

MG=0MG=0
10.5(25634FDF)+22.5(472.5)=15(135)+7.5(135)10.5(25634FDF)
+22.5(472.5)=15(135)+7.5(135)
FDF=728.40 kNFDF=728.40 kN
FDF=728.40 kN compressionFDF=728.40 kN compression answer
 MD=0MD=0
9.6FEG+7.5(135)=15(472.5)9.6FEG+7.5(135)=15(472.5)
FEG=632.81 kN tensionFEG=632.81 kN tension answer

FV=0FV=0
321649FDG+2(135)=472.5+3634FDF321649FDG+2(135)=472.5+3634FDF

321649FDG+270=472.5+3634(728.40)321649FDG+270=472.5+3634(728.40)

FDG=146.84 kN tensionFDG=146.84 kN tension answer

Checking:
FH=0FH=0
FEG+251649FDG+25634FDF=0FEG+251649FDG+25634FDF=0
632.81+251649(146.84)+25634(728.40)=0632.81+251649(146.84)+25634(728.40)=0
0=00=0 (check!)
Problem 432
Use the method of sections to compute the force in members AB, AD, BC, and BD of the truss shown in
Fig. P-432.
MF=0MF=0
16RA=12(24)+8(36)16RA=12(24)+8(36)
RA=36 kNRA=36 kN

MD=0MD=0
3FBC+8(36)=4(24)3FBC+8(36)=4(24)
FBC=64 kNFBC=64 kN
FBC=64 kN compressionFBC=64 kN compression answer

ME=0ME=0
8(35FBD)+8(24)=12(36)8(35FBD)+8(24)=12(36)
FBD=50 kN tensionFBD=50 kN tension answer

MB=0MB=0
3(45FAD)+4(35FAD)=4(36)3(45FAD)+4(35FAD)=4(36)
245FAD=144245FAD=144

FAD=30 kN tensionFAD=30 kN tension answer

FV=0FV=0
997FAB+35FAD+36=0997FAB+35FAD+36=0

997FAB+35(30)+36=0997FAB+35(30)+36=0

FAB=59.09 kNFAB=59.09 kN
FAB=59.09 kN compressionFAB=59.09 kN compression answer
Problem 433
Compute the forces in bars AB, AC, DF, and DE of the scissors truss shown in Fig. P433.

By symmetry
RA=RJ=12(125)=30 kNRA=RJ=12(125)=30 kN

By ratio and proportion

a10=2415a10=2415
a=16 ma=16 m

b15=a20b15=a20
b15=1620b15=1620
b=12 mb=12 m

From FBD of Joint A

FH=0FH=0
589FAB+541FAC=0589FAB+541FAC=0 Equation (1)

FV=0FV=0
889FAB+489FAC+30=0889FAB+489FAC+30=0

889FAB+489FAC=30889FAB+489FAC=30 Equation (2)

From Equations (1) and (2)

FAB=70.75 kN=70.75 kN compressionFAB=70.75 kN=70.75 kN compression answer

FAC=48.02 kN tensionFAC=48.02 kN tension answer

From FBD of Section Through M-M

ME=0ME=0

(2412)(589FDF)+15(30)=5(12)+10(12)(2412)(589FDF)+15(30)=5(12)+10(12)

FDF=9289 kNFDF=9289 kN
FDF=42.45 kN compressionFDF=42.45 kN compression answer
MA=0MA=0

30(441FDE)+10(12)+5(12)=030(441FDE)+10(12)+5(12)=0

FDE=3241 kNFDE=3241 kN
FDE=9.60 kN compressionFDE=9.60 kN compression answer
Problem 434
Compute the force in bars GI, GH, EH, and HI for the scissors truss shown in Fig. P-433.

By symmetry
RA=RJ=12(125)=30 kNRA=RJ=12(125)=30 kN

By ratio and proportion

a10=2415a10=2415 b15=a20b15=a20 c5=2415c5=2415
a=16 ma=16 m b15=1620b15=1620 c=8 mc=8 m
From FBD Through Section M-M
MH=0MH=0

5(889FGI)+10(30)=5(12)5(889FGI)+10(30)=5(12)

FGI=689 kNFGI=689 kN
FGI=56.60 kN compressionFGI=56.60 kN compression answer

MJ=0MJ=0
10FGH=5(12)10FGH=5(12)
FGH=6 kN tensionFGH=6 kN tension answer

MG=0MG=0

(168)(541FEH)+5(12)=10(30)(168)(541FEH)+5(12)=10(30)

FEH=641 kN=38.42 kN tensionFEH=641 kN=38.42 kN tension answer

From FBD Through Section N-N

MJ=0MJ=0
8FHI+5(12)=08FHI+5(12)=0
FHI=7.5 kNFHI=7.5 kN
FHI=7.5 kN compressionFHI=7.5 kN compression answer
Problem 435
For the transmission tower shown in Fig. P-435, determine the force in member CJ.

a=12[2(8.5)5]=6 ma=12[2(8.5)5]=6 m
b=13a=13(6)=2 mb=13a=13(6)=2 m
c=12(5)+b=2.5+2=4.5 mc=12(5)+b=2.5+2=4.5 m

Section Through M-M

MG=0MG=0

2(4.5+2)(310FBC)=12(7.8)2(4.5+2)(310FBC)=12(7.8)

FBC=12510 kN tensionFBC=12510 kN tension

 Section Through N-N

MF=0MF=0

9(45)FCJ+9(310)(12510)=6(7.8)9(45)FCJ+9(310)(12510)=6(7.8)

FCJ=2.5 kN=2.5 kN compressionFCJ=2.5 kN=2.5 kN compression answer

Problem 436
In Figure P-420, assume that counter diagonals act from B to E and from E to F in addition to the counter
diagonals CD and DG shown in the figure. Assuming that these counter diagonals can support tension
only, determine which diagonals are acting and the force in each.

Sections through the 2nd and 3rd panels

From the Free Body Diagram of Section Through M-M

Without the diagonals:
Fv=19080=110 kN upwardFv=19080=110 kN upward
 This 110 kN force must be countered by downward components of the diagonals. Member CD will
be in compression. Since diagonals can support only tension, the force in member CD must be
zero. The acting diagonal therefore is member BE.

Fv=0Fv=0
35FBE+80=19035FBE+80=190

FBE=183.33 kNFBE=183.33 kN answer

From the Free Body Diagram of Section Through N-N

Without the diagonals:
Fv=19080200=90 kN=90 kN downwardFv=19080200=90 kN=90 kN downward
Since Fv is downward, the counter diagonals must act upward. DG is in compression and therefore
redundant, the acting member is the diagonal EF.

Fv=0Fv=0
35FEF+190=80+20035FEF+190=80+200

FEF=150 kNFEF=150 kN answer

Problem 437
The center panel of the truss in Figure P-437 contains two flexible cables. What load P will cause a
compressive force of 20 kN in BD? Then determine which tension diagonal BE or CD is acting and the
force in it.
Without the counter diagonals (in reference to the figure below)
Fv=23PP=13P upwardFv=23PP=13P upward
Upward force is needed to put the downward P/3 into equilibrium. The vertical component of a diagonal
will provide the equilibrant force. Since the needed equilibrant is upward, BE will be in compression, thus,
redundant. The acting member (diagonal in tension) therefore is CD.

MC=0MC=0
23P(L)=20L23P(L)=20L

23P=2023P=20

P=30 kNP=30 kN answer

FV=0FV=0
FCDsin45+23P=PFCDsin45+23P=P
FCDsin45=13PFCDsin45=13P
FCDsin45=13(30)FCDsin45=13(30)
FCD=102 kN=14.14 kNFCD=102 kN=14.14 kN answer