Bridge Foundation

Part of bridge, which supports superstructure and

pier/abutment of bridge and transmits total bridge loads to soil

Foundation Type

Shallow
Foundation
Bridge
Foundation
Deep
Foundation

1
Shallow Foundation Normally shallow foundation is provided when soil
strata is good in upper layer and depth of
foundation does not exceed 6m (average).

Spread
Footing
Shallow Isolated
Foundation Footing

Combined
Footing
Shallow/Open
Foundation
Mat
Foundation
Deep Foundation
Normally deep foundation is Deep
provided when soil strata is not Foundation Pile Foundation
good in upper layer and depth of
foundation exceeds 6m (average) .

Well/Caisson Foundation

Pile Foundation
Well Foundation Foundation with piles
Foundation with well
Bridge Foundation
 Design
of
Shallow
Foundation
Isolated Footing Behaviour of isolated
footing under loads

P Tends to bend like a

M cantilever slab in
both direction

Column

Isolated Footing

Two Way Shear

Tends to slide along
the shear plane

One Way Shear

Reinforcement of
Isolated Footing B

Elevation

Bottom arrangement of reinforcing bars

(For square and rectangular footing)
Reinforcement of
Isolated Footing

Isolated footing with

shear reinforcement

Top arrangement of reinforcing bars

(For square and rectangular footing)

Shear reinforcement
Spread Foundation Behaviour of spread
foundation under loads
P
M

Wall
Tends to bend like a
cantilever slab
Spread Footing

Tends to slide along

the shear plane

One Way Shear

 Reinforcement of
Spread Foundation

Elevation

Bottom arrangement of
reinforcing bars
Reinforcement of
Spread Footing

Foundation with
shear reinforcement

Top arrangement of
reinforcing bars

Shear reinforcement
 Combined Footing
Behaviour of combined
P1 P2 footing under loads
M1 M2

d + side of
column

d + side of
column

SF Dia
BM Dia

BM Dia Footing acts as a transverse

beam in transverse direction

Footing acts as a longitudinal beam in longitudinal direction

Reinforcement of
Combined Footing

B B

Bottom arrangement
B
of bars

Top arrangement of
bars

Development length Development length

Raft Foundation P1 P2
M1 M2

Strip

Behaviour of raft
foundation under loads

SF Dia
Part of Footing (strip) along
longitudinal and transverse direction
acts as like a beam
BM Dia