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RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Housing loan is one of the emerging portfolio of both Private and Public sector
banks. The national housing policy of the Government of India emphasize that
.Accordingly in income tax there has been concessions / tax sops for the
individual buyer for home use. 60-65% Tax sops given by the government for
housing loans have been instrumental in driving growth in this sector. The
government allows tax benefits to both the home loan consumer and the
lender.
Interest paid on home loan: As per Sec 24 (b) of the Income Tax Act,
CCE of the Income Tax Act, 1961 says from gross total income, an
deduction.
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Under Section 36 (1) (viii) of the Indian Income Tax Act 1961, with
20 per cent of the profits (earlier it was 40 per cent) obtained from such
available only up to double the total amount of the companys paid-up share
capital and its general reserves. Since the loan is given by banks by
disbursing the loan. However the customers have different opinions about the
The present investigator noticed from the review of the literature that
there are very few studies to examine financial performance of the banks in
Tier-II and Tier-III cities, demand for housing finance has been good,
So far in the financial year 2011, the repo rate of Central Bank of India
has raised from 6.75 per cent to 8.50 per cent. Banks countered this situation
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by re-aligning their Base Rate upwards from the 8.25 - 9.50 per cent band as
Banks determine their actual lending rates on loans and advances with
The present study was undertaken with the intent to investigate after
examining the literature reviewed and noticed that their exit gap in terms of
the housing loan schemes of the bank .An after has also be made for
attempted to explore reason for shifting of home loan availed from one bank
to another bank.
customer satisfaction.
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3. To study relationship amongst customer satisfaction towards the
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The section of methodology consists of a short depiction of sample of
the study and demographic composition, the population of the study, the
instruments utilized to collect data, the study design, the procedures used for
data collection, and the details of the methods and techniques used for
explain what they did and how they analyze. All these methods indicate their
addressed and the nature and give of the evidence to others so they can
come to know that how it is generated (Clark et al. 1984). In other hand lots
data, research paradigm and collection methods etc. all the aspects that help
guide line to researcher for the collection and analysis. We can say that
research design plays an important role but with a significant link between the
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the research process (Bryman and Bell 207, p.40), but it also come with
sector banks and private sector banks and obtaining relevant details by
questionnaires, personally.
the impact of context, where the answers to a survey question can depend
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on the type of foregoing questions. Although effects of context cannot be
the structured method, mostly the surveys are carried out either
The questionnaire was intricately designed to tap the factors which affect
the performance of bank and try to analysis the customers satisfaction level.
The first part gathered information about the personal profile of the
respondents which included their age, education, marital status, and their
working profile. Part II was about their loan reasons, amount and loan before
India (RBI), RBI Bulletin, trend and progress of banking (annual publication of
approaching the SBI & ICICI banks and obtaining relevant details.
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3.5 DATA COLLECTION TOOLS
in the present study using both quantitative and qualitative techniques, with
in data collection.
A- Sample Size:-
Sample size is 300 customers from leading banks, availing home loan.
ICICI, HDFC, LIC and SBI, PNB officers and staff also shall be interviewed to
B- Sampling Technique:-
technique.
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with each other as hypothesized, correlation coefficient (r) analysis was
conducted
Line graphs, Pie charts, Bar graph etc. have been used to present the
Version 20 has been used. The tests to be used shall be X2, correlation and
factor analysis.
A- Plan of Analysis:-
For the analysis of the data collected, tables have been used. For
producing data clearly we have used pie-charts and graphs as statistical tools.
For representing data neatly and efficiently, percentages and averages have
Survey Method and Field Activity is the mode for collecting data.
collected data.
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Extent : New Delhi
Period : 2008-2010
To know customers satisfaction amongst the private sector banks and public
satisfaction of private sector banks and public sector banks on home loan
and amongst customer satisfaction towards the banks and availing of the loan
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3.7.1 Sampling
The investigator collected the list of person who had availed home loan
for the last three years from the following two public sector banks ( PNB and
UB) and from the private sector banks(ICICI and HDFC), the questionnaire
South Delhi. Personal interviews were carried out with 310 customers out of
behavior and at the end only 300 respondents were left for the study. From
the interview and data collected, 4 respondents did not gave any response to
some of the items hence for final analysis a sample size of 296 has been
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Demographic profile of the Respondents (customers)
a. Age
Age
Frequenc % Valid Cumulative
y % %
18yrs-25 78 26.0 26.0 26.0
26-35YRS 85 28.3 28.3 54.3
36-49YRS 66 22.0 22.0 76.3
Valid
50-65YRS 48 16.0 16.0 92.3
66+YRS 23 7.7 7.7 100.0
Total 300 100.0 100.0
b. Marital status
Mart_Stat
Frequency % Valid Cumulative
% %
Married 266 88.7 88.7 88.7
Unmarrie
Valid 34 11.3 11.3 100.0
d
Total 300 100.0 100.0
c. Educational qualification
EdU_qualt
Frequency % Valid Cumulative
% %
Under
73 24.3 24.3 24.3
graduate
Valid Graduate 135 45.0 45.0 69.3
Post
92 30.7 30.7 100.0
graduate
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d .Years in Delhi
Yrs_Del
Frequency % Valid Cumulative
% %
Less than 5
102 34.0 34.0 34.0
yrs.
Valid More than 5
198 66.0 66.0 100.0
yrs.
Total 300 100.0 100.0
e. Customer Profile
Cust_Profile
Frequency % Valid Cumulative
% %
Student 2 .7 .7 .7
Housewife 5 1.7 1.7 2.3
Working
83 27.7 27.7 30.0
Professional
Business 94 31.3 31.3 61.3
Valid
Self
40 13.3 13.3 74.7
Employed
Govt. service
76 25.3 25.3 100.0
Employee
Total 300 100.0 100.0
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g. Source of Information
Source_Information
Frequency % Valid Cumulative
% %
Newspapers 90 30.0 30.0 30.0
Magazines 61 20.3 20.3 50.3
Banners/
Hoardings/ 110 36.7 36.7 87.0
Valid
Pamphlets
Word of mouth 25 8.3 8.3 95.3
Any other source 14 4.7 4.7 100.0
Total 300 100.0 100.0
h. Loan Before
Loan_Before
Frequency % Valid % Cumulative %
Yes 93 31.0 31.0 31.0
Valid No 207 69.0 69.0 100.0
Total 300 100.0 100.0
i. Loan Future
Loan_Fut
Frequency % Valid % Cumulative %
Yes 188 62.7 62.9 62.9
Valid No 111 37.0 37.1 100.0
Total 299 99.7 100.0
Missing System 1 .3
Total 300 100.0
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j. Awareness of Scheme
Aware_Scheme
Frequency % Valid % Cumulative %
Yes 93 31.0 31.0 31.0
Valid No 207 69.0 69.0 100.0
Total 300 100.0 100.0
k. Reason of Bank
Reson_Bank
Frequency % Valid Cumulative
% %
Near to home 40 13.3 13.3 13.3
attractive loan
75 25.0 25.0 38.3
schemes
Amount of
48 16.0 16.0 54.3
loan
Fine
Customer 25 8.3 8.3 62.7
Valid
services
Rate of
72 24.0 24.0 86.7
Interest
Personal
24 8.0 8.0 94.7
Relation
Other 16 5.3 5.3 100.0
Total 300 100.0 100.0
Need_Loan
Frequenc % Valid Cumulative
y % %
Construction
for new 129 43.0 43.0 43.0
house
Purchase of
110 36.7 36.7 79.7
Valid new house
Renovation
of 61 20.3 20.3 100.0
old House
Total 300 100.0 100.0
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m. Loan Amount
Amount
Frequenc % Valid Cumulative
y % %
< 1 Lakh 44 14.7 14.7 14.7
1 lakh to 5 lakh 100 33.3 33.3 48.0
5 lakh to 10
Valid 115 38.3 38.3 86.3
lakh
> 10 Lakh 41 13.7 13.7 100.0
Total 300 100.0 100.0
n. Type of Bank
Type_Bank
Frequency % Valid Cumulative
% %
Private
152 50.7 50.7 50.7
bank
Valid
Public Bank 148 49.3 49.3 100.0
Total 300 100.0 100.0
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p. Rate of Interest of Public Bank
ROI_Pubbank
Frequency % Valid Cumulative
% %
Yes 202 67.3 67.3 67.3
Valid No 98 32.7 32.7 100.0
Total 300 100.0 100.0
q. Security Deposit
Security_Deposit
Frequency % Valid Cumulative
% %
Bank
security 63 21.0 21.0 21.0
(F.D)
Gold 39 13.0 13.0 34.0
Valid Land Papers 148 49.3 49.3 83.3
Third person
37 12.3 12.3 95.7
security
Other 13 4.3 4.3 100.0
Total 300 100.0 100.0
Margin_Pvtbank
Frequency % Valid Cumulative
% %
Yes 152 50.7 50.7 50.7
No 141 47.0 47.0 97.7
Valid
3 7 2.3 2.3 100.0
Total 300 100.0 100.0
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s. Margin of Public Bank
Margin_Pubbank
Frequency % Valid Cumulative
% %
Yes 158 52.7 52.7 52.7
No 135 45.0 45.0 97.7
Valid
3 7 2.3 2.3 100.0
Total 300 100.0 100.0
t. Language
Language
Frequency % Valid Cumulative
% %
Hindi 88 29.3 29.3 29.3
English 162 54.0 54.0 83.3
Valid Punjabi 25 8.3 8.3 91.7
Others 25 8.3 8.3 100.0
Total 300 100.0 100.0
the means of several groups, and generates t-test to more than two groups.
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For this reason, ANOVAs are useful when two, three or more means are
compared.
availing home loan from public sector and private sector bank
he or she want to prove by the help of many tests but factor analysis is one of
the main test which is very well known and trustworthy, for example, that
maximum variance from the variables. PCA clarifies the maximum proportion
among all of the remaining variance. That is why it called principal axis
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Factor loadings: As a part of loadings in PCA, the factor loadings play role
Alike Pearsons, the squared factor loading is the percent of variance in all the
variables account for by each factor. After percent of variance in all the
variables by each factor, add the sum of the squared factor loadings (column)
variable is 1).
variance by the factor. But.7 standard is a higher cannot meet in real life data.
That is the reason the researchers should use them only for exploratory
purposes, but if it is use a lower level.4 for the central factor that can meet in
real life. We have understood that interpretation of every factor loadings must
In rotation pattern, we will have both structure matrix and pattern matrix. The
oblique pattern the researcher has to looks both terms the structure and
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