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Athletics
ED. W. SMITH,
Sporting Editor Chicago American.
SPALDING " RED COVER" SERIES OF
ATHLETIC HANDBOOKS
No. igR
PROFESSIONAL
WRESTLING
ED. W. MITH
Sporting Editor Chicago American
PUBLISHED BY
AMERICAN SPORTS PUBLISHING
COMPANY
21 WARREN STREET, NEW YORK
COPYRIGHT, 1912
BY
AMERICAN SPORTS PUBLISHING COMPANY
NEW YORK
w
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FRANK GOTCH
THE WORLD'S ATHLETIC MARVEL
By ED W. SMITH
Sporting Editor of the Chicago American and Referee of the
Gotch-Hackenschmidt and Gotch-Mahmout International
259999
FRANK ALBERT GOTCH,
Of Humboldt, Iowa. Catch-as-Catch-Can Wrestling Champion of the World,
title secured and retained in the last two international matches in Cnicago.
SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 5
athlete at the latter's favorite game, but at the same time the
world loves to extend its sympathy to the under dog in such
case, and always, in the story book, the farmer boy is the
under dog.
Coming right down to the facts, there is one farmer boy in
this country, now grown into a man and what a man who !
American wrestlers.
stated that for sixteen days
I Gotch was without his honors.
That is true only in a sense. On December i Fred Beell of
Wisconsin defeated Gotch in a match at New
Orleans, winning
on a fluke. Gotch had the and the men were wrestling
first fall
away from his speedy little opponent, hit his head against one
of the posts of the ring. This dazed him so badly that Beell had
only to roll him over to secure the fall. When the men came
out on the mat after the usual ten minutes rest for the third
fall, Gotch was still befuddled and proved an easy victim.
"for no man living that I know can defeat this fellow. When
he gets that hold on anybody living it will be the same story.
He is the most wonderful wrestler I have seen since the days
of Yousouf."
Gotch is known as the man who invented or devised or intro-
duced, or whatever else you may call it, what is known as the
toe hold, the most deadly grip known to wrestling, unless we
except only the strangle lock. Yet when we cast back an eye
over Gotch's record we find that he has won but few falls and
fewer matches with this hold than any other.
I can explain that easily. Gotch invented the toe hold merely
as a subterfuge for securing the easier and equally as effective
crotch lock. In getting a reputation for using the toe hold
Gotch got exactly what he wanted. He known as desired to be
always going after that hold. But he used it in the greater
number of cases merely to turn an opponent over on his side
and thus get the legs spread apart that he may run his arm in
between them and secure the crotch.
That is the whole thing in a nutshell. The toe hold is a stall
to get something else. Let it be known right now that the toe
grip is a mighty hard thing to get on an opponent who knows
anything. But when you go after it you can get a man to roll
on his side and spread his legs out. This makes it possible and
in many cases easy to get the crotch hold.
And I will tell you something more about this crotch hold
that will astonish you. I have seen Gotch pick up an opponent
bodily, raise him over his head and then drop him to the mat,
getting the crotch hold actually while his man is coming down
through the air. This one little paragraph will serve to show
how wonderfully fast this man's brain works and how rapidly
he can make his muscles answer to the call of his brain.
The layman may not realize the import of this thing of making
the muscles answer to the brain. I believe that this is what
Seldom have I seen in one year the marked change that came
over an athlete as that which transpired in the general makeup
and ability of Frank Gotch between the match with Hacken-
schmidt and that with Mahmout, a trifle over one year.
In the match with Hackenschmidt he was scarcely conceded
a chance to win against the famous "Lion." As a matter of fact
many of his friends expressed sympathy for him, believing that
he was about to get the licking of a lifetime. But not so this
wonderful man from Iowa. He told me a week before the
match and before there was even a suggestion of making me the
referee of the contest an honor, by the way, that was thrust
upon me by the great Hackenschmidt himself that he would
win the match without obtaining a fall. Asked how he figured
out such a thing, Gotch replied that he had given some study
to the man and knew that Hackenschmidt would have to win
inside of fifteen minutes or he could not win at all.
"He thinks I am a mark," Gotch told me, "and he isn't train-
ing. I never was better in my life and can stand him off for a
half hour easily. Then he will begin to weaken and after that he
will quit. He never will let me throw him because he will
want to go back to England and say that he couldn't be thrown
and have some bad excuse to offer."
This is merely cited to show Gotch's wonderful perception of
men and conditions and his ability to foresee events and prepare
for them.
After the Hackenschmidt match Gotch gained the deepest con-
fidence,and when he faced Mahmout he would have faced a den
of panthers, so sure was he that nobody could beat him. I was
in his dressing room thirty minutes before the men went into
the ring to help settle the dispute as to whether or not the
foreign star would be permitted to wrestle in his bare feet or
be forced to wear shoes. Never have I seen an athlete so coolly
undisturbed as was this giant. He wasn't even stripped, although
there was a mob of close to 8,000 persons out in that vast
amphitheatre waiting to see the struggle. The gate receipts were
close to $40,000.
"He signed Police Gazette rules and now let him wrestle
f-
under those rules or not at all," Gotch said. "Send the people
away if you want to. I simply won't let him dictate to me."
This stand gave the promoters an anxious half hour, because
that crowd would have torn the building down if the match had
been called off. The matter finally was compromised by the
Turk's manager paying over a forfeit of $500. This incident,
too, will serve to show Gotch's financial shrewdness. Though
he got close to $15,000 for his end and knew absolutely that he
could defeat Mahmout, nothing short of the $500 forfeit would
make him budge from the position he had taken.
When Gotch is preparing for a match he never has anything
on his mind, unless it is his everpresent love of the coin. When
he trains he dismisses from his mind all thoughts of anything
but the work that he has in hand. His mind is as free as if he
had no mind at all and he refuses to get serious about anything.
He is handled like a racehorse or a prize dog about to be dis-
played. He hires the best trainers to be found anywhere, men
who understand him every particular and to whom it will
in
not be even necessary for him to explain anything. He permits
no business cares to creep into his daily life, but it is train,
train, train all the time. Then when he steps into the ring he
is in the finest possible condition.
This should be a lesson for all athletes. It is the mental
strain and the cares of matters foreign to athletics that lose
more matches than anything else and unfit men for strenuous
battle.
Gotch is inordinately fond of increasing his bankroll there is ;
won't spend a cent more for the land than that. He'll have to
come down in his price." The owner of the property cut the
acre price $2.50, and sure enough Gotch's one-third of the
1 Fred Beell, of Marshfield, Wis., known as one of the greatest light-
heavyweight wrestlers in the business. 2 Yussiff Mahmout, latest "Terrible
Turk" to come to this country, only to prove an easy victim for Frank Gotch
after he had defeated all other crack heavyweights.
SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 19
Kansas City house reached just $6,100, and the champion go: a
valuable addition to his real estate holdings.
Gotch is a great financier, there is no doubt of it. When he
firstbecame known to Chicagoans he was willing to wrestle for
very moderate amounts. He didn't want more than $150 for a
contest back in 1906. Things have changed since then and the
champion adopted a new scale of prices that, while not exor-
peculiar crouch would puzzle Gotch and make it hard for the
American to get behind his man and secure any effective hold
on him. Gotch smiled at this and told his friends to wait.
Gotch solved the crouch puzzle in a hurry. "I hooked him
into defeat,"Gotch said afterward, and in truth he did. When
the Turk crouched forward with his head stuck forward in the
style usual with foreign wrestlers, Gotch reached over and
hooked the Turk behind the neck, jerking him forward vigor-
ously. This little trick entirely disconcerted the Turk and kept
him so overbalanced all the time that inside of four minutes his
courage began to ooze out of his finger tips. It wasn't exactly
fair to fool the great foreign star in that fashion, but you, see
Gotch needed the money and wanted to keep the title.
If they stand up straight Gotch finds it easy to get into their
legs, and if they try to block him off and crouch he hooks 'em
into defeat. It looks as if nothing could fool him at all.
Gotch reminds me
man who has a fad for hunting and
of a
with means at his command has provided himself with a perfect
arsenal of weapons. But down in a corner of that arsenal is
his favorite gun which he uses most of the time for all sorts
l-CHARLES OLSON. ?-OHARLES POSTL.
SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. il
Gotch. "He'll come this time, Ed, but he's pretty tough," he
remarked with a grin, as if indulging only in a frolic in the
gymnasium instead of in a world's championship match upon
which thousands of dollars depended.
What manner of man is going to beat a fellow like that?
That is a question I cannot figure out. It will take a big
fellow who has got all that Gotch has and a little more. No
man under Gotch's weight is going to defeat him. He will have
to be crushed down, but the man who does the crushing will
have to be like a steam roller.
Often I am asked about the honesty of matches. Of the
general run of contests in this country I can speak only in a
general way, but of those that I have seen around Chicago I
will say that nine-tenths of them are very much on the square.
The simple answer that the better man always wins should
argument. I believe there are times when one wrestler
settle all
work on wrestling.
No man in the country is better fitted to discourse on catch-
as-catch-can wrestling than Dr. Roller. He is a thorough student
of the game and, in addition, is said by Frank Gotch himself to
be the second best professional wrestler in this country. This
is proved by the fact that while the doctor has .met every first-
HOW TO WRESTLE
It is impossible in a work of this brevity and scope to give
more than a very small part of the great science of wrestling.
When the referee calls time, without any further delay, the
contestants will approach each other and begin to wrestle. As a
matter of formality the contestants usually shake hands again,
but it is not necessary. If they do, they should approach each
other cautiously, as shown in Photo i.
SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 27
(It will be noticed that all these holds are given from this posi-
tion, but any wrestler should be able to use one side as well as
the other.)
It will be noticed that the wrestler is stooped, every joint is
flexed, the wrestler leans forward, the chin is low, the back
When has been learned about the opponent, from the posi-
all
Position 2 of Foot-Hold
As the opponent strikes the mat, follow closely, step well into
the crotch and lift the opponent's foot and leg in order to force
him to bridge or turn in an effort to escape.
Position 3 of Foot-Hold
As the opponent turns step well into the crotch, release the
left hand from the knee, first grasping around the opponent's
right thigh, then slide the right arm up, taking the double thigh
hold and crotch. From this position a fall is imminent.
8
SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 33
Both thighs are grasped tightly and the weight is slowly and
steadily applied until the opponent is finally forced with both
shoulders to the mat. When a hold, as shown in Photo 6, is
taken from the crotch quickly, and grasping the outside of the
ing the opponent above the biceps of the left arm in one con-
tinuous movement throwing all the weight and force downward
and to the right.
The relative position of the feet is exactly the same, the toes
have not been moved an inch. Hold the opponent's arm tightly
across the chest. If he falls at all, he is sure to strike one
shoulder and it is not difficult to force the other by a gradual
roll towards the opponent.
If the hold on the arm should slip and the opponent seems
likely to escape, it is well to step above the head, as shown in
Photo 22, grasp the double body hold and force a fall.
i
SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 41
ponent's left heel, and grasp the opposite arm high up toward the
shoulder'; with a tight hold on this arm and with one continuous
movement, turn forcibly to the right and downward.
opponent's feet, the left arm slides downwards from the oppo-
nent's neck below the shoulder, grasping the arm, his head
passes under opponent's body, the right arm grasps the opponent's
right leg.
the left arm and at the same time raising him high with the
right arm.
SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 45
order that the head will slide out to the beyond the
right,
opponent's hip and not beneath the shoulder. The hold on the
arm and leg are both maintained and followed closely by pressure
towards the opponent, whose shoulders may be forced to the
mat. If the fall is not secured by the opponent's dropping, the
position may be changed to crotch and half-Nelson quickly, as
shown in Photo 63.
grasp the opponent with the left hand over the deltoid, and turn
the back squarely to the opponent.
SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRAK*. 4't
this hold is, after turning the back to the opponent, pull down-
ward, roll the opponent over your back until his feet leave the
mat, then lunge forward as much as you like, and the fall will
The Break for Arm Drag, Grapevine, Flying Mare and Cross
Buttock
As the aggressor drops the left hand from the opponent's neck
and starts to turn, the opponent should flex forward, balancing
to the right, and drop quickly to the right knee, reach over and
grasp one or the other of the aggressor's ankles.
It will be quite impossible for an aggressor to roll an oppo-
nent if in this position or with any of these holds if the opponent
sor, turning then on the left hip, pulling down by the hold on the
*
32
SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARX. 57
Drop to the right knee and grasp your opponent's, left leg, at
the same time throwing the left arm back of the opponent's neck.
Sit down, throwing the opponent across you towards the left,
heel, draw him in tightly with the arms across the back, and
force him backwards to the mat, as shown in Photo 37.
J
SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY.
and beneath your own arms, clasp the hands tightly, pressing his
arms together, at the same time leaning well forward and with-
drawing the feet and hips as far as possible.
1
40
SPALDING'S ATHLETIC T/jRR^nY. C5
When the opponent has been lifted from the mat, a fall is
Keep the hold about the neck and arms very tight.
The mistake is made in this hold usually by trying to swing
your opponent off his feet, or to throw him before he has been
lifted in the air. He should be lifted first, then swung as far
the mat.
A Go Behind
opponent to try for a chancery hold about the head; with both
hands he grasps the opponent's left arm, whose hands he sepa-
rates. He prys the opponent's left arm outwards like a pump
handle, at the same time lifting upwards and backwards with the
head and neck in his opponent's arm pit. By this movement his
46
SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 71
This position seems better than all others, because the aggressor
is out of reach of all harm and is safely beyond all side rolls
and chancery holds, and at the same time in a position to di-sturb
or even throw his opponent by any one of the many different
locks. From this position a large variety of holds and locks are
available, only a very few of which will be described here on
account of limited space.
If the opponent attempts to sit up, pry forward by the ankle, at
the same time knocking his arm from beneath him. This throws
the opponent forward and out of position.
If the opponent attempts to stand, it is only necessary to keep
the same hold on the leg and ankle and stand with him. When
the opponent is erect, kick his other foot out from under him,
and he is down on the mat again.
HI^I
50
SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 75
ing the opponent with a deep hold in the crotch until the hips
and legs are well off the mat and the weight of both the opponent
and aggressor are thrown on the chest and neck of opponent
who is forced to succumb.
SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 79
released from the ankle, the opponent sits up, turns the head
away from the aggressor, making the distance from his head to
his own shoulders as far as possible. This weakens the aggres-
sor's leverage, and as the weight is thrown forcibly backwards,
the aggressor's hand usually slides off the neck, leaving the oppo
nent safe, in a position as shown in Photo 54.
56
SPALDINO'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 81
About the only hold available at this point to hold the opponent
to the mat is the double body hold from behind, at times strength-
ened by one hand inside the thigh. From this position the man
beneath flexes his left leg and turns the left side, reaching back-
wards and grasps the opponent's left leg. He now throws all
opponent, then prys backward and turns to the left. The oppo-
nent's hands will be separated, and he will be thrown forward
and on his face, gladly loosening his grip and using his arm to
Scissor Hold
s
59
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SPALDING'S ATHLETIC
1
-LI-BAa B Y. 83
the left leg quickly across the body and locks it with the right.
Great scissors pressure is applied by the legs around the body,
as high up on the ribs as possible, while the aggressor pulls forci-
bly backwards and upwards. The opponent's shoulders are
pressed to the mat or he is forced to concede the fall from the
extreme pain.
The aggressor grasps the left knee of the opponent with the
right hand, at the same time lifting the opponent's right leg by
the original hold on the ankle, jerking the opponent well toward
him. The aggressor steps with the left knee inside the opponent's
crotch and takes the double body hold.
SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 85
righthand placed against the neck and chin pushes the opponent
back against the mat with one shoulder down.
Photo 63.
SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 87
does so the aggressor's hold with the left arm is shifted from the
Aggressor now locks the hands and wrists and applies pressure
across the short ribs with the inside elbow.
s
SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 91
try to do, the aggressor places his right arm around and across
the face, taking secure chancery hold, at the same time keeping
the opponent's knees off the mat.
opponent towards you, lift him on your knees, throw him to the
right. Chances are that he will fall flat on his two shoulders.
fall is not secured quickly, shift the half Nelson and crotch hold,
as in Photo b*
92 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRAHl..
dropped from the neck of the opponent and grasps the opponent's
left arm from beneath, somewhat 13. The aggressor
as in Photo
steps well forward, crossing his own
thigh with the left thigh
left
of opponent. From this position the opponent is lifted across
the buttock of aggressor and thrown by the aggressor directly to
the mat. If the aggressor does not succeed in getting well
enough forward, the opponent will be thrown forward and to the
right forty-five degrees. If the aggressor gets a position even
with and on the side of opponent, the opponent should be pulled
and thrown straight across and to the right side. If the
aggressor steps far enough forward to lock the buttocks per-
fectly, the opponent should be thrown backwards to the aggres-
sor's right forty-five degrees. A fall is generally secured, as
shown in Photo 14.
The aggressor on either side has each arm under the corre-
sponding arm of the opponent and locked over above the oppo-
nent's neck. The shoulders of the opponent are pryed upward
and forward, while the neck is pryed downward on his own
chest.
This is generally barred from amateur work and not much used
by professionals, though very dangerous when properly applied,
as it is by such men as "Farmer" Burns.
aggressor's arm quickly, tightly and high up, rolls forward and
over, turning his opponent into a bridge, and falls, as in Photo 16.
These arm rolls are guarded against by using the Gotch posi-
tion in holding a man down in the first place and never reaching
for a Nelson until your opponent has been pulled out of position
in the second place.
First. Turn the head outward underneath the arm that you
have grasped by the wrist with both hands, sit down and throw
the opponent over the shoulder and into a fall.
Second. Instead of grasping opponent's wrist with both hands,
grasp the opponent's wrist with the hand on the same side, drop
down to that knee, raise the other arm slightly to induce the ag-
gressor to take a bar hold. As he does so, allow him to turn
you. Turn your own head in the opposite direction and roll
him by the wrist around the body. This makes him throw him-
self and will prove a great surprise.
DR. B. F. ROLLER.
WHAT A WRESTLER NEEDS
A wrestler's apparel consists of Spalding full length tights,
which can be obtained for $1.00 per pair in sanitary cotton, $2.50
in cut worsted, and $4.50 in best worsted. The Spalding No.WA
wrestling full tights are made especially for the purpose after the
suggestions and ideas of prominent wrestlers, including Gotch,
Oleson and others. The best worsted is used, knit to shape, put
together by hand and reinforced at knees with strong, silk finish
worsted. They are made in colors black, navy blue and maroon,
and cost $6.00 per pair. It is well to have the knees covered
with protectors, which
are to be sewn on the
tights. These are inex-
pensive, ranging in price
from 75 cents a pair for
the best (No. B), which are
covered with soft tanned
horsehide and padded
with hair felt, to 50 cents
No. B. for tanned leather, nicely Kos 61 an <* 62. -
padded (No. 62), and 25 cents for durable cloth, padded with
wool felt (No 61). A
jersey is desirable, which costs from
$1.25 to $4.00, according to quality, and a pair of strong leather or
canvas high cut gymnasium shoes. These latter cost from $1.00
and up to $5.00
to $1.75 for canvas for leather, the latter being of
kangaroo with elkskin sole, extra
light, and hand made. A very
useful adjunct to a wrestler's out-
fit is the Spalding combined wrest-
ling supporter and belt. It is made
of mercerized silk elastic, strong
and durable, and is the only really
letic wear and use, and will be mailed to any address free upon
request. Address the Spalding store nearest to you for a copy,
for list of which see inside front cover of this booko
SSTHESPALDINGJ
Spalding Running Pants SpaSdnng Worsted Trunks
Specify size and color when ordering !
ie above dozen prices printed in italics will be quoted on orders of one-half dozen or more at one time. No
.reduction from regular retail prices on quantities of less than one-half dozen.