EXPERIMENT NUMBER: 08

AIM-: Control speed of a 3-phase induction motor in variable stator voltage mode using 3-
phase AC voltage regulator.

Apparatus Required-:

S.N.O Name of Range Type Qty

apparatus

1 3-phase 1500 rpm, 415 v 1

induction motor

2 AC voltmeter 500 V 1

3 Three phase 1
voltage regulator

4 C.R.O dual trace 1:10 1

5 Connection leads - - As per required

Theory-:
Control by ac voltage controllers and soft start-:
Domestic fan motors which are always single-phase are controlled by a single phase triac
voltage controller. Speed control is obtained by varying firing angle of the triac these
controller commonly known as solid state fan regulators are performed over conventional
variable resistance regulators because of higher efficiency. Industrial fans and pumps are
usually driven by three phase motors. Motor my be connected in star or delta in the delta
connection third harmonic voltage produced by motor back emf causes circuiting current
through the winding which increases losses and thermal loading of motor. Speed control is
obtained by varying conduction period of thyristors. For low power ratings anti-paralleled
thyristor pair in each pair in each phase can be replaced by a triac.
 EXPERIMENT NUMBER: 08

Since voltage controllers both single and three phase allow a stepless control of voltage from its
zero value. They are also used for soft start of motor.

Stator voltage control-:

By reducing stator voltage speed of a high slip induction motor can be reduced by an amount
which is sufficient for the speed control of some fan and pump drives. While torque is
proportional to voltage is reduced to reduce speed. for the same current motor develops lower
torque. Consequently method is suitable for applications where torque demand reduces with
speed, which points towards its suitability for fan and pump devices.
If stator copper loss and core loss and frication and windage loss are ignored then from equations
motor efficiently is given by
N=pm/pg =(1-s)

The equations show the efficiency falls with decrease in speed. The speed control is
essentially obtained by the dissipating a portion of rotor input power in rotor resistance.
Thus not only the efficiency is low the power dissipation occurs in the rotor it self which may
overheat the rotor. of
 EXPERIMENT NUMBER: 08

because of these reasons this drive is employed in fan and pump drives of low power rating and
narrow speed range.
Variable voltage for speed control is obtained using ac voltage controllers.
POT POSITION OUTPUT VOLTAGE SPPED
1
2
3
4

For Motor load

Procedure-:
1) Repeat steps 1 to 5 on from.
2) Connect 4 pin jones plug of 3 phase induction motor to the unit tightly.
3) Switch on the mains by rocker switch.
4) Rocker switch glows.
5) Press start button output LED glows.
6) Wait for the motor response increase the ALPHA/SPEED pot clockwise and observe
the motor starts running slowly by soft start actions.
7) Fill corresponding readings in observations table.
8) Observe output voltage waveform between any two phase and observe the output
waveforms.
9) Plot graph of speed vs armature voltage.

Result-: We have successfully Control speed of a 3-phase induction motor in variable stator
voltage mode using 3-phase AC voltage regulator.