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NotesonSprocketsandChains
Asprocketisatoothedwheeluponwhichachainrides.Contrarytopopularopinion,asprocketisnota
gear.
ChainConstruction
Chainshaveasurprisingnumberofparts.Therollerturnsfreelyonthebushing,whichisattachedon
eachendtotheinnerplate.Apinpassesthroughthebushing,andisattachedateachendtotheouter
plate.Bicyclechainsomitthebushing,insteadusingthecircularridgeformedaroundthepinholeofthe
innerplate.
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ChainDimensions
Chaintypesareidentifiedbynumberie.anumber40chain.Therightmostdigitis0forchainofthe
standarddimensions1forlightweightchainand5forrollerlessbushingchain.Thedigitstotheleft
indicatethepitchofthechainineighthsofaninch.Forexample,anumber40chainwouldhaveapitchof
foureighthsofaninch,or1/2",andwouldbeofthestandarddimensionsinwidth,rollerdiameter,etc.
Therollerdiameteris"nearestbinaryfraction"(32ndofaninch)to5/8thsofthepitchpindiameterishalf
ofrollerdiameter.Thewidthofthechain,for"standard"(0series)chain,isthenearestbinaryfractionto
5/8thsofthepitchfornarrowchains(1series)widthis41%ofthepitch.Sprocketthicknessis
approximately8590%oftherollerwidth.
Platethicknessis1/8thofthepitch,except"extraheavy"chain,whichisdesignatedbythesuffixH,and
is1/32"thicker.
ANSIStandardChainDimensions
BicycleandMotorcycleChainDimensions
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SelectingaChain
Twofactorsdeterminetheselectionofachaintheworkingloadandtherpmofthesmallersprocket.The
workingloadsetsalowerlimitonpitch,andthespeedsetsanupperlimit.
MaximumPitch=(900rpm)2/3
Thesmallerthepitch,thelessnoise,wear,andmechanicallosseswillbeexperienced.
Sprockets
Therearefourtypesofsprocket
TypeA:PlainPlatesprockets
TypeB:Hubononeside
TypeC:Hubonbothsides
TypeD:Detachablehub
Sprocketsshouldbeaslargeaspossiblegiventheapplication.Thelargerasprocketis,thelessthe
workingloadforagivenamountoftransmittedpower,allowingtheuseofasmallerpitchchain.
However,chainspeedsshouldbekeptunder1200feetperminute.
Thedimensionsofasprocketcanbecalculatedasfollows,wherePisthepitchofthechain,andNisthe
numberofteethonthesprocket
PitchDiameter=Psin(180N)
OutsideDiameter=P(0.6+cot(180N))
Sprocketthickness=0.93RollerWidth0.006"
ProceedureforLayingOutaSprocket
Thefirstthingyouneedtoknowtolayoutasprocketisthedimensionsofthechainwhichistorunupon
it,specificallythepitch,rollerdiameter,andtherollerwidthofthechain.Thesecondthingyouneedto
knowisthenumberofteethinthesprocket,whichwilldependentirelyonyourapplication.Fromthese
numbers,theoutsidediameterandthicknessoftherequiredblankcanbecalculated.
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You'llalsoneedtoknowtheanglebetweenteeththisissimplythe360dividedbythenumberofteeth.
1.Startbydrawinga
threeradiallines
fromthecenterofthe
blanktotheedge,
separatedbyanangle
equaltotheangle
betweenteeth.
2.Drawlinesparallel
totheselines,ata
distanceequaltothe
pitchofthechain.
3.Arollerwillbe
locatedateach
intersectionofthe
parallellinesandthe
pitchcircle.Drawa
circleequaltothe
rollerdiameterofthe
chain.
4.Drawlines
betweentheroller
centers.
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5.Drawcircles
aroundtheroller
centers,thatpass
throughthe
intersectionofthe
otherrollerandthe
linebetweencenters.
6.Thetoothprofile
isasshown.
Thesprocketteethareusuallytruncatedonechainpitchabovethebottomoftheseatthisisnotshown
here.Notethatthisshapeisnottheonlyonethatwillworkbicyclesinparticularusevarioustooth
shapesfordifferentcircumstances.
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Application
Sprocketsshouldbeaccuratelyalignedinacommonverticalplane,withtheiraxesparallel.Chainshould
bekeptcleanandwelllubricatedwithathin,lightbodiedoilthatwillpenetratethesmallclearances
betweenpinsandbushings.
Centerdistanceshouldnotbelessthan1.5timesthediameterofthelargersprocket,norlessthan30times
thechainpitch,andshouldnotexceed60timesthechainpitch.Centerdistanceshouldbeadjustableone
chainpitchissufficientandfailingthisanidlersprocketshouldbeusedtoadjusttension.Alittleslackis
desirable,preferablyonthebottomsideofthedrive.
Thechainshouldwrapatleast120aroundthedrivesprocket,whichrequiresaratioofnomorethan3.5
to1forgreaterratios,anidlersprocketmayberequiredtoincreasewrapangle.
References:
TheCompleteChainGuide
RyleSprocket
Back
03/19/201713:58:41
2003W.E.Johns
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