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Reservatrios II
1 Aula
20 de Maio de 2016
Terica/Prtica Avaliao
(segunda & quarta) (sexta)
Docente:
Programa: Joo Carneiro
(joaotrigocarneiro@gmail.com)
Revises (Eng. Reservatrios 1)
Equao de Darcy generalizada
Equao da Difusividade Indispensvel:
Testes de Poos
Introduo ao Eclipse
Injeo de gua
Tpicos Especiais
Conceitos Base
Length I L cm metre cm ft
Mass M M gm kg gm lb
!stb / d (liquid)
3 3 "
Rate q L /T cc/sec metre /sec cc/sec #Mscf / d (gas)
TABLE 4.1
Absolute and hybrid systems of units used in Petroleum Engineering
agua = 1 g/cm3
reservatrio
The geologist provides contour maps of the top and base of the reservoir, as shown in
fig. 1.1. Such maps have contour lines drawn for every 50 feet, or so, of elevation
Well
Y X Y
0 OIL
500
0
505 WATER OWC
5 150
OWC 0
X 525
(a) (b)
Fig. 1.1 (a) Structural contour map of the top of the reservoir, and (b) cross section
through the reservoir, along the line X
Y
and the problem is to determine the level at which the oil water contact (OWC) is to be
Volume do reservatrio
located. Measurement of the enclosed reservoir rock volume above this level will then
give the net bulk volume V. For the situation depicted in fig. 1.1 (b) it would not be
possible to determine this contactJoo
5/20/16
byCarneiro
inspection of logs run in the well since only the oil
(joaotrigocarneiro@gmail.com)
zone has been penetrated. Such a technique could be applied, however, if the OWC
Conceitos Base: Porosidade &
Saturaes
Porosidade: Vporos
=
Vtotal
Saturaes:
Vagua Voleo Vgas
SW = So = Sg =
Vporos Vporos Vporos
So + Sw + Sg = 1
Oil in Place:
OIP = V (1 Swc )
Stock Tank Oil Initially in Place:
(1 Swc )
ST OIIP = N = V
Boi
rb
Boi =
stb
5/20/16 Joo Carneiro (joaotrigocarneiro@gmail.com)
Conceitos Base: Grau/Gravidade API
141.5 o
AP I = 131.5
sp.gr.
Preo $$$
CONDENSADOS
Condensate
PESADOS MDIOS e LEVES
Heavy/Extra Heavy Medium/Light
Conceitos Base
No entanto, o escoamento s
acontece entre poros
conectados.
A viscosidade de um
fluido tambm afecta
(negativamente) o
caudal, logo:
Combinando tudo
A (pb pa )
Q=
L
q= rp
Calcule:
A saturao de gua da amostra em condies de fluxo
A permeabilidade efectiva do leo
Determine:
A densidade de um leo de grau API
de 34.
Determinar:
Porosidade da Carote
Saturao em gua
Saturao em leo
Saturao em gs
Notas:
1 acre = 43560 ft2
1 bbl = 5.615 ft3
Conceitos Base
d(OP )
= 1 psi/f t
dz
Depth
(ft) FP GP OP= FP + GP
overburden
pressure
overpressure (OP)
dp
= 0.35 psi/f t dp
dz O pf = z+C
dz f
dp
= 0.08 psi/f t
dz G
Depth GAS
(feet)
GOC : po = pw = 2385 GOC 5200'
5250
TEST RESULTS
OIL at 5250 ft
po = 2402 psia
Fig.5/20/16
1.3 Pressure regimes in the
Joo oil and
Carneiro gas for a typical hydrocarbon accumulation
(joaotrigocarneiro@gmail.com)
Conceitos Base: Regime de Presses
SOME BASIC CONCEPTS IN RESERVOIR ENGINEERING 8
Incertezas na determinao do regime de presses:
hydrocarbons in place which in turn can result in the formulation of woefully inaccurate
haver ou no haver leo.
field development plans.
Pressure (psia)
2250 2375 2500 Exploration
well
5000
GDT GAS
Depth 5150
(feet) DPGWC
5281
OIL COLUMN
Fig 1.3
5500 TEST RESULTS
at 5100 ft
pg = 2377 psia
DPOWC
dpg
5640
dD = .08 psi / ft
Fig.5/20/16
1.4 Joo Carneiro (joaotrigocarneiro@gmail.com)
Illustrating the uncertainty in estimating the possible extent of an oil column,
Conceitos Base: Regime de Presses
de extrema importncia a
determinao exacta do regime de
presses.
Pequenas diferenas podem acarretar
grandes diferenas de volume de HC
Informao de um nico poo, muitas
vezes, no suficiente.
um dos grandes propsitos da
realizao dos testes em poos