NATIONAL LAW UNIVERSITY ODISHA

PROJECT TOPIC
E CONOMIC R EPORT OF M ADHYA P RADESH

SUBMITTED TO: MS. MADHUBRATA RAYASINGH (ASSISTANT PROFESSOR OF ECONOMICS)

SUBMITTED BY: 1. ANAND SINGH THAKUR (07) 2. ANSHAY CHOPRA (08) 3. ANUSHKA MURTY (11)

4. ARSHI CAROL HEMROM (14) 5. DEEPIKA GUATAM (18) 6. HARSHITA BINDAIYA (24) 7. KIRTI

VYAS (29) 8. KRISHAN PRATAP SINGH PARMAR (31) 9. PARAG SINGHAL (37) 10. PRANJAL JAIN (39)

11. PRIYAM JAIN (43) 12. RAKSHITA AGARWAL (44) 13. SANKET VASHISTHA (46) 14. SHIVANI

GOYAL (49) 15. SUHEL QUERESHI

DATE: 3/9/2016
SEMESTER 3RD (CLUSTER -1)
 CONTENTS
I. SYNOPSIS ........................................................................................................................................... 3
II. INTRODUCTION........................................................................................................................... 4
III. REVIEW OF LITERATURE ........................................................................................................ 5
IV. HYPOTHESIS............................................................................................................................... 12
V. DISCUSSION .................................................................................................................................... 12
1. REPORT ON EDUCATION AND ECONOMIC HIGHLIGHTS OF THE STATE. .................................... 12
2. PHASE OF FISCAL SURPLUS ........................................................................................................... 18
3. PHASE OF FISCAL DEFICIT IN MADHYA PRADESH ...................................................................... 19
4. STATUS OF AGRICULTURE IN STATE OF MADHYA PRADESH....................................................... 20

5. ENERGY RESOURCES AND MINERAL RESOURCES IN THE STATE OF MADHYA PRADESH .......... 29

5.1. ENERGY RESOURCES .................................................................................................................. 29

6. HEALTH SCENARIO OF MADHYA PRADESH. ................................................................................ 36

7. FINANCIAL FRAUDS IN THE STATE. .............................................................................................. 50
8. FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN MADHYA PRADESH ................................................. 55
8.1. AN INTRODUCTION TO FDI IN MADHYA PRADESH: BUILDING STRONG ECONOMY .............. 55
8.2. DETERMINANTS OF FDI ............................................................................................................. 56
8.4. SECTORS FOR FDI IN MADHYA PRADESH ................................................................................. 57
8.5. IMPACT OF FDI: AN ANALYSIS OF RECEIVED FDI PROPOSALS IN THE YEAR 2006-2008 ...... 58
8.5. GROWTH IN FURTHER FDI INFLOWS IN MADHYA PRADESH {TILL YEAR 2012} ..................... 59
9. STATE OF ECONOMY REPORT ............................................................................................. 60
10. TRADE BALANCE IN THE STATE OF M.P........................................................................ 63
11. TOURISM POTENTIAL OF MADHYA PRADESH .................................................................. 64
12 STATE OF INDUSTRY IN MADHYA PRADESH .............................................................. 69
13 TAX AND NON-TAX REVENUE RECEIPTS ...................................................................... 71
14 HUMAN DEVELOPMENT IN THE STATE OF MADHYA PRADESH .......................... 73
15. PPP PROJECTS IN MADHYA PRADESH A HIGHLIGHT ................................................. 77
 16.LEGAL ISSUES OF THE STATE ................................................................................................. 81
17 CONTRIBUTIONS OF ENTERTAINMNET SECTOR ............................................................. 84
18 DEMOGRAPHIC SCENARIO OF STATE OF MADHYA PRADESH.................................... 90
VI. CONCLUSION ............................................................................................................................. 93

I. SYNOPSIS

Planned development in India made its beginning immediately after achieving independence
in the year 1947 through successive Five Year Plans (FYPs). The economic policy makers
of these FYPs have constantly sought to direct the developmental resources in to the parts
of the country that are less developed for balanced regional development. However, the
approach to the Tenth Plan addressed the issue of uneven growth and increase in the socio-
economic and demographic standards in different states of the country. Development
strategies in different states, therefore, need attention to make them consistent with twin
objectives of growth and capacity building for achieving the desired level of socio-economic
development and demographic goals. This report aims to provide dimensions of development
for the state of erstwhile and newly formed Madhya Pradesh over a period of time and
thereby emerging policy thrust for development. The state of Madhya Pradesh was formed
on November 1, 1956 by merging the then states of Madhya.

Bharat, Vindhya Pradesh and the princely state of Bhopal on the recommendation of State
Reorganisation Committee. Further, with the enactment of Madhya Pradesh Re-organisation
Act in the year 2000, it was bifurcated to carve out a new state Chhattisgarh. Before
carving out Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh was the state with the largest area in the country
with natural beauty and abundant natural resources and economically useful minerals in large
quantity namely, diamond (sole producer in the country), copper mining (80 per cent in the
country), magnesium ore, limestone, coal and coal bed methane.
 II. INTRODUCTION

Madhya Pradesh is a state in central India. Its capital is Bhopal and the largest city is Indore.
Nicknamed the "heart of India" due to its geographical location in India, Madhya Pradesh is the
second-largest state in the country by area. With over 75 million inhabitants, it is the fifth-largest
state in India by population. It borders the states of Uttar Pradesh to the north-east, Chhattisgarh
to the south-east, Maharashtra to the south, Gujarat to the west, and Rajasthan to the northwest. Its
total area is 308,245 km. Rich in mineral resources, MP has the largest reserves of diamond and
copper in India. More than 30% of its area is under the forest cover. Its tourism industry has seen
considerable growth, with the state topping the National Tourism Awards in the year 201011.

Due to the different linguistic, cultural and geographical environment, and its peculiar
complications, the diverse tribal world of Madhya Pradesh has been largely cut off from the
mainstream of development. Madhya Pradesh ranks very low on the Human Development Index
value of 0.375 (2011), which is below the national average. According to the India State Hunger
Index (2008) compiled by the International Food Policy Research Institute, the malnutrition
situation in Madhya Pradesh was "extremely alarming", receiving a severity rating between
Ethiopia and Chad. The state ranks is also the worst performer in India, when it comes to female
foeticides.

Madhya Pradesh is home to a large tribal population, who have been largely cut off from the
mainstream development. This makes Madhya Pradesh one of the least developed states in India,
with an HDI (Human Development Index) value of 0.375 (2011), which is well below the national
average. The state's per-capita gross state domestic product (nominal GDP) is the fourth lowest in
the country (201011). MP is also the lowest-ranked state on the India State Hunger Index.
The state has an agrarian economy. The major crops of Madhya Pradesh are wheat, soybean, gram,
sugarcane, rice, maize, cotton, rapeseed, mustard and arhar. Minor Forest Produce (MFP), such as
tendu leaves used to roll beedi, sal seed, teak seed, and lak also contribute to state's rural economy.

Madhya Pradesh's gross state domestic product (nominal GDP) for 2013-14 was 4,509 billion
(approximately US$ 72,726,000,000). The per-capita figure was US$ 871.45 in 2013-14, the sixth-
lowest in the country. Between 1999 and 2008, the annualized growth rate of the state was very
low: 3.5%. Subsequently, the state's GDP growth rate has improved significantly, rising to 8%
during 201011 and 12% during 201112.

Madhya Pradesh has 5 Special Economic Zones (SEZs): 3 IT/ITeS (Indore, Gwalior), 1 mineral-
based (Jabalpur) and 1 agro-based (Jabalpur). In October 2011, approval was given to 14 proposed
SEZs, out of which 10 were IT/ITeS-based. Indore is the major commercial Centre of the state.
Because of the state's central location, a number of consumer goods companies have established
manufacturing bases in MP.

The state has the largest reserves of diamond and copper in India. Other major mineral reserves
include those of coal, coal bed methane, manganese and dolomite.

Madhya Pradesh is one of the worst-affected states as far as malnutrition is concerned. The recent
National Family Health Survey 2015-16 points out that Panna has 43.1 per cent stunted children,
24.7 per cent wasted and 40.3 per cent underweight children. Similar was the case in rural
Chhatarpur where 44.4 per cent children are stunted, 17.8 per cent wasted and 41.2 per cent
underweight, as per the report.

III. REVIEW OF LITERATURE

1. Mark S. Beasley, Joseph V. Carcello, Dana R. Hermanson, and Paul D. Lapides,

Fraudulent Financial Reporting: Consideration of Industry Traits and Corporate
Governance Mechanisms, 2000, Vol. 14, No. 4, Pp. 441-454.

It provides insight into financial statement fraud instances investigated during the late 1980s
through the 1990s within three volatile industriestechnology, health care, and financial
servicesand highlights important corporate governance differences between fraud companies
and nofraud benchmarks on an industrybyindustry basis. The fraud techniques used vary
substantially across industries, with revenue frauds most common in technology companies and
asset frauds and misappropriations most common in financialservices firms.

For each of these three industries, the sample fraud companies have very weak governance
mechanisms relative to nofraud industry benchmarks. Consistent with prior research, the fraud
companies in the technology and financialservices industries have fewer audit committees, while
fraud companies in all three industries have less independent audit committees and less
independent boards. In addition, it provides initial evidence that the fraud companies in the
technology and healthcare industries have fewer audit committee meetings, and fraud companies
in all three industries have less internal audit support.

The current financial statement fraud instances contribute by updating our understanding of fraud
techniques and risk factors in three key industries. Auditors should consider the industry context
as they evaluate the risk of financial fraud, and they should compare clients' governance
mechanisms to relevant nofraud industry benchmarks.

2. Jha, Gangadhar, (1998) in his article Enhancing Municipal Fiscal Capability:

Issues in Local Resource Mobilization
Author analyses the overall trends in resource generation from local tax and non-tax sources. He
emphasized that much is required to be done to enhance the institutional capabilities of municipal
government. There are needs to inject huge investment in municipal sector for the performing
of better civic services. His paper highlights the weak trend in municipal finance particularly
in terms of the own source revenue of the several states and advocates for the effective municipal
administration for the levy of the tax and collection of those taxes. Jha regarded urban land
as a healthy source of revenue for the municipal corporations.

3. Jalaja N, Industrial Growth in Madhya Pradesh: Structure And Economic Backwardness

In this thesis, an analysis is made of the growth, composition and structural changes that have
taken place in Madhya Pradesh, and the industrial sector of the economy in particular during the
past two decades. At the same time, an attempt is made to summarize the main findings of the
study. This thesis puts forth the point that the state of Madhya Pradesh presents the best paradoxical
example of poverty amidst plenty. It has abundance of natural and mineral resources but still its
economy and people are most backward from all the indicators of social and economic
development. Madhya Pradesh ranks second in mineral wealth and third in food production in the
country. Still backwardness persists. The range and depth of natural resources of the state is simply
fantastic but their exploitation is not optimum. Almost one in every three person is tribal or S.C.
The tribes are virtually starving in the 'green deserts' of the state. A short cut to prosperity is to
take up policies in tribal areas. The rural set up is still feudal in character, though class-wars and
caste-wars of the type reported from Bihar are fortunately not common in the state. Agriculture
remains primitive and poverty unrelieved for a vast majority of people in rural areas. The
agricultural sector cannot generate enough real resources to sustain a beehive of agro-based
industries nor can the industrial sector lift the agricultural sector from the quagmire of poverty and
near stagnation. The state did not get as many Central government projects as a state of this size
should have got. Some projects that are located here have remained lonely outposts in a sea of
stagnation. Such a big project like BHEL at Bhopal has within its periphery of just three to four
kilometers half a dozen villages which in terms of technological development, occupational pattern
or educational standards are as backward as villages of interior region.

An analysis of the growth performance in the domestic product of Indian states in the last three
decades reveals that the development process has been uneven across states. While advanced
industrial states have tended to leapfrog in the reform years, other states have lagged behind. The
regional disparity in the growth rates becomes sharper in terms of per capita income. We also note
that the growth rate of agriculture, industry and service sectors of MP is far below the national rate
throughout the analysis period. The other finding is that, the growth profile drawn on the basis of
NSDP and Per Capita income clearly endorsed the earlier finding of stagnation in the general
economy since the seventies and further revealed the remarkable growth recovery since the late
eighties in Madhya Pradesh economy when the Central Government's policy approach began.
Although the growth revival is largely accounted by the steady growth of manufacturing and
service sectors, the fact cannot be denied that the post liberalization era (nineties) recorded real
growth in NSDP by industry at a rate higher than the eighties in Madhya Pradesh. Another
significant conclusion, emerging from the analysis is that Madhya Pradesh, which ranked on the
lowest ladder two decades back, could not yet awake from slumber and are still continuing to be
far behind their counterparts in the race of development. Almost all the indicators, used in the
present exercise for measuring inter-state level of development enable us to conclude that the
performance of the state had all along been quite dismal and called for urgent corrective measures.

The state has not witnessed anything like the industrial revolution; its share in the overall rate of
growth in employment and fixed capital in the organized sector has been very small. The fast
growing industries are mostly export-based, in the nature of iron &steel cement, aluminum and a
number of luxury goods. The lagging industries are mostly agro- and forest based industries. The
capital intensity of important industries has gone up. The industrial structure of the state is lop-
sided and unbalanced. The average size of industries in respect of employment per factory is very
small. Though a further disaggregated analysis at industry would throw light on constraints and
prospects of individual industries, even with the present study a few important policy implications
may be noted.

The analysis in this thesis is confined to undivided Madhya Pradesh. The formation of the state of
Chhattisgarh divided Madhya Pradesh into two parts. Madhya Pradesh lost its land area and also
lost its natural resources and revenue and this will have a negative effect on the growth of the state
that had started moving on the path of economic reforms. It will affect the industry and thereby
the income and output in the state. Madhya Pradesh lost 30.47% of its mineral rich land area,
26.62% of its population, 41.25% of its forests, 29.93% of agricultural produce and 23.38% of its
cultivated area. What Madhya Pradesh required to do is to pay attention to some specific aspects
of development. It should employ better and more effective ways to ensure complete exploitation
of its vast resources.

4. Walter Jamieson, Cultural Heritage Tourism Planning and Development: Defining the
Field and Its Challenges
Tourism has been a major social phenomenon of the societies all along. It is motivated by the
natural urge of every human being for new experience, adventure, education and entertainment.
The motivations for tourism also include social, religious and business interests. The spread of
education has fostered a desire to know more about different parts of the globe. The basic human
thirst for new experience and knowledge has become stronger, as technological advances are
overcoming communication barriers Progress in air transport and development of tourist facilities
have encouraged people to venture out to the foreign lands.
Tourisms importance, as an instrument for economic development and employment generation,
particularly in remote and backward areas, has been well recognized the world over. It is the largest
service industry globally in terms of gross revenue as well as foreign exchange earnings. Tourism
can play an important and effective role in achieving the growth with equity objectives, which we
have set for ourselves. Tourism is one economic sector in India that has the potential to grow at a
high rate and can ensure consequential development of the infrastructure at the destinations.

Tourism has the potential to stimulate other economic sectors through its backward and forward
linkages and cross-sectorial synergies with sectors like agriculture, horticulture, poultry,
handicrafts, transport, construction etc.

5.Javali, R., Wantamutte, A. & Mallapur, M. D. (2014) Socio-demographic factors influencing

utilization of Antenatal Health Care Services in a rural area - A cross sectional study. Int J
Med Sci Public Health, 3 (3), 308-312.

Over the past decade, national plans and programmes in India have stressed the need for universal
access to health care especially the maternal & child health services in rural area. Many studies
have revealed low utilization of the health care services by different segments of the society for
varying reasons. With each Medical college adopting three Primary Health Centers, it is expected
that there will be an increase in the utilization of the health service. This study was formulated
against this background, with an objective of studying the factors influencing the utilization of
health services in the spectrum of antenatal periods of a mother.

In this Article demographic factors have been considered for the purpose of studying the required
health care services in rural area.

6. Thimmaih, G., (1998) Local Government Finances: Some Issues

He discuss that the specific practical scheme of property taxation for urban local bodies that can
become an important sources of revenue in years to come. The study also describes the
identification of specific user charges for the urban local bodies and also explained the water
supply management and its distribution. In his article he encourages to raise loans for creating
income earning assets. He encourages big urban centers i.e., state capital cities, to become
financially viable and raise fund through municipal bonds. He also find out that municipal
corporation have big power regarding taxation. The paper suggest that urban local bodies should
have an important indirect tax to meet there financial requirement. The state government should
provide legal support by amending the existing laws. The government of India should treat any
additional borrowing by the municipalities through bonds as additionally. He also suggest that
fragmentation of municipal functions should be avoided and all urban development programme
functioning should be under elected municipal bodies.

7. Mathur, P. Mukesh, (1998)Municipal Finances in India

Present Status and Future Prospects discusses the relationship between the performance of the
present municipal civic services and the growing urbanization. He also describes the week and
dissatisfactory function of the urban local bodies. In his article he has discussed, resource structure
and expenditure structure, in resource structure octroi is a very important source of municipal
revenue, and it contributes a significant part of this total revenue. The paper also describes the
importance of property tax. He find out the key resource generation areas in which he shows the
refurbishing of property tax and increasing devolution. On the expenditure side, he explained that
the majority of the states spend their total revenue on public health and public works. The
expenditure is high in octroi levied states than non octroi states.

In his article, he suggests that municipal finance should be reformed time to time. He also suggests
that the system of fiscal transfer from the state to the urban local bodies needs to be rationalized
by the state finance commission. He also suggests Ahmadabad municipal corporation model
service tax on low income properties.

8. Dutta, Abhijeet, (1998)Rent Control and Municipal Property Tax Base: Reform Attempt
in India

He discusses the present situation of property tax and different alternative taxes. He also discusses
the reforms in the property taxation. The paper explain, the Indian experience of reforming the
property tax base, and shows a consistent trend in court decisions to accord privacy to rent control
laws in determining rental value.

He suggest that recent policy changes under Indias new economic policy since 1991 hold the
prospect of a phased withdrawal of urban rent control that would restore the effective operation of
the rental base of the urban property tax.
 9. Jha, Gangadhar, (1998) in his article Enhancing Municipal Fiscal

Capability: Issues in Local Resource Mobilisation analyse the overall trends in resource
generation from local tax and non-tax sources. He emphasized that much is required to be done to
enhance the institutional capabilities of municipal government. There are needs to inject huge
investment in municipal sector for the performing of better civic services. His paper highlights the
weak trend in municipal finance particularly in terms of the own source revenue of the several
states and advocates for the effective municipal administration for the levy of the tax and collection
of those taxes. Jha regarded urban land as a healthy source of revenue for the municipal
corporations.

He stressed on strengthening of fiscal capacity for enhancing the institutional capacity of municipal
corporations. He also suggested a number of fiscal instruments which can be used for resource
generation. Finally, Jha recommended the exit of traditional taxation and introduction of a new
innovative tax instrument which is related to development of urban economies.

10. Naresh Gautam, (1998) Municipal Expenditure in India: A Cross Sectional and Time
Consistence Analysis

He discusses the inequalities between the mega cities and middle cities for providing civic services.
The study shows that there is a no clear cut relationship between the level of local services in a
state and its level of development measure in terms of its per capita income. The paper analyses
the pattern of expenditure which shows that higher priority in terms of their relative shares in total
expenditure has shifted in favour of social services after independence. In his study he pointed out
that per capita income and geographical features of the state have an important role in explaining
differences in the per capita aggregate municipal expenditure. He found that separate estimates of
income elasticity coefficient shows that aggregate level of expenditure are income elastic but at
disaggregate level no relationship is discernible. He suggested that municipalities can make
adequate provision of civic services, and it is necessary to insure that civic bodies are equipped
with some fiscal base with a degree of autonomy that make the civic bodies both respectable and
also responsible to handle local problems with efficiency.
 IV. HYPOTHESIS

The hypothesis of this paper is that the being BIMARU State, Madhya Pradesh went to many
economic changes over period of time. Although arguably there are lot of shortcomings with
regard to issues pertaining to socio-economic development of the state. The paper will stimulate
a broader awareness of the critical policy issues facing the state, and would enable the state
to move to a higher growth path, securing welfare for all its citizens.

V. DISCUSSION

1. REPORT ON EDUCATION AND ECONOMIC HIGHLIGHTS OF THE STATE.

1.1.REPORT ON EDUCATION
Madhya Pradesh droops to 30th position in the Educational Development Index [EDI], says the
most recent DISE report.

A report on the execution and markers of the rudimentary training in the country, discharged by
the District Information System for Education [DISE], NUEPA, portrays the jeopardous condition
of basic instruction in Madhya Pradesh. The arrangement report flashes different information and
markers of basic training for the scholarly year 2006-07 in 35 Indian states and Union Territories
[UTs].

In spite of the fact that the Madhya Pradesh government has taken steps in selecting youngsters in
schools yet there have been gay endeavours in giving quality instruction to them in this manner
prompting their maintenance in schools. According to the report there is a powerful trek in the
GER [Gross Enrollment Ratio] of kids at essential level, i.e., from 129.76% in the year 2005-06 to
143.58% in 2006-07 however there has been a bottom on the instructive advancement front of the
youngsters as on different improvement markers the state has conveyed average execution.

The state's dedication in giving quality training to every one of its youngsters is clear from its
drooping position at 30th rank, i.e., 6th from the least as far as execution on four fundamental
variables utilized as a part of registering Educational Development Index [EDI], in particular,
Access, Infrastructure, Teachers and Outcomes.

Madhya Pradesh's rank and execution on different segments of EDI at Primary Level:
 Upper Primary level
Primary Level

2005-06 2006-07 2005-06 2006-07

Index Rank Index Rank Index Rank Index Rank

Access 0.634 5th 0.593 8th 0.548 10th 0.590 20th

Infrastructure 0.513 29th 0.540 26th 0.531 29th 0.581 27th

Teachers 0.320 33rd 0.355 33rd 0.498 33rd 0.380 33rd

Outcomes 0.570 12th 0.492 25th 0.458 16th 0.384 24th

Overall EDI 0.514 24th 0.478 31st 0.509 29th 0.483 31st

Combined 0.512 29th rank [2005-06]

Primary and 0.481 - 30th rank [2006-07]
Upper Primary
level

The above table demonstrates that Madhya Pradesh has appallingly soaked in giving access, base
and results in its instructive administration and system. The marker for Outcome incorporates
Gross Enrolment Ratio Overall, Scheduled Castes: Gross Enrolment Ratio, Scheduled Tribes:
Gross Enrolment Ratio, Gender Parity Index in Enrolment, Repetition Rate, Drop-out Rate, Ratio
of Exit Class over Class I Enrolment (just at Primary stage), Percentage of Passed, Children to
Total Enrolment, Percentage of Appeared Children going with 60 for every penny and more
stamps. A huge destruction in wording Outcomes have demonstrated that there is a pushed on
selecting youngsters in school without paying any regard in conveying quality training to them for
enhancing their execution and results in schools. According to the DISE report 06-07 75.39%
young men and 73.24% young ladies went in evaluation IV/V, though 21.31% young men and
20.48% young ladies have gone with 60% or more stamps. Additionally, 62.67% young men and
62.40% young ladies went in evaluation VII/VIII and 19.10% young men and 20.10% young ladies
have gone with 60% or more checks. At the joined essential and upper essential level Madhya
Pradesh has tumbled down from 29th to the 30th position in 2006-07.

The idiosyncrasy of giving access to kids is not simply constrained to giving schools in each home
but at the same time is about making the school environment helpful and empowering for kids and
giving sufficient upper elementary schools in the extent of grade schools. Despite this the
proportion of Ratio of grade schools to upper elementary schools Madhya Pradesh has tumbled
down from 2.8 in 2005-06 to 2.7 in 2006-07. There are 35899 center schools for 95517 grade
schools.

Consumption by State Govt. - according to the Annual report of the Department of School
Education report, 2006-07, the state government has met 83% of its physical focus of overhauling
386 grade schools into Middle schools and have burn through 51.1% of the planned sum [Rs.
14447850]. There are subsidizes however maybe there is no dedication to use them for the well-
suited cause. Additionally, the issue of access is some place identified with the resisting nobility
and prohibition of youngsters in schools on the premise of rank, religion, belief, sex, and so forth.
At the point when Scheduled standing youngsters are oft more than once segregated and rejected
in the school on the premise of position then by what method can a state guarantee fitting access
and maintenance of kids in schools?

A knowledge in the insights with respect to framework, especially accessible classroom for kids
in schools, exhibits the giddying mentality conveyed by the state government on the situation of
youngsters going to government schools in the state. According to the DISE report 2006-07 the
rate of schools with Student Classroom proportion more than 1:60 has brought from 15.55% up in
2005-06 to 17.87% in 2006-07. Then again the Annual report of School Education Department,
2006-07 says that MP government has accomplished just 31.49% of its objective of developing
extra rooms and 37.8% of its objective of building structures in elementary schools [constructed
1650 structures out of focused 4357]. While the state government has the financial plan for
building spaces for kids because of its sheer lack of awareness kids are clustered like creatures in
a classroom.

Just 76.88% schools have pucca structures, giving careful consideration on the incorporation of
debilitated youngsters just 22.04% schools have slope, 24.59 % government and supported schools
have kitchen shed, 11.8% schools doesn't have drinking water office in school, as it were 26.43%
schools have young lady's latrine in school and 22.12% schools are single educator schools. In
spite of the fact that the general GER has taken a colossal walk however there has been no huge
development in the consideration of young lady youngsters in schools. The administration plans
and expectation for improving young lady's enlistment has taken a misfortune as the rate of young
lady's enlistment has tumbled down from 48.85 % in 2005-06 to 48.75 % in 06-07 in class I-V. In
addition, the rate of female educators in grade schools has likewise drooped down to 66.62% in
0607% 66.69% in 05-06. In spite of the fact that there has been endeavours for enlisting more
female instructors by bringing a reservation approach for them however a little has been offered
for the sake of offices and security of these female educators enrolled in country remote regions.
As a branch of this the female instructors have a tendency to get themselves exchanged to an
available spot and in the process the schools are again left without educators.

Madhya Pradesh at a glance [Source: DISE 06-07]

76.88% schools have pucca buildings.

Average Student Classroom ratio is 44. 22.12% schools are single teacher schools.
19.08% children [Primary schools]; 13.67% children in all schools are attending a single
teacher school.
% schools having PTR > 60 has increased from 22.72% in 2005-06 to 24.14% in 2006-07 [PS]
and 21.03% in 05-06 to 22.16% in 06-07 [all schools].
% schools having PTR > 100 has also increased from 5.55% in 05-06 to 6.75% in 0607 [PS]
and 5.30% in 2005-06 to 6.56% in 06-07.
% schools with female teachers have come down from 66.69% in 05-06 to 66.62% in 06-07.
% schools having drinking water facility in school 88.2%.
% schools having girl's toilet in school 26.43%
5.62% teachers [20735] involved in Non-Teaching Work; 22 days spend in non-teaching work.

1.2.ECONOMIC HIGHLIGHTS
GSPD & NSPD of Madhya Pradesh:
Madhya Pradesh is situated in Central India. The state is bound on the north by Uttar Pradesh, the
east by Chhattisgarh, the south by Maharashtra and the west by Gujarat and Rajasthan. It is among
the quickest developing states in the nation. At current costs, the gross state residential item
(GSDP) of Madhya Pradesh for 2014-15 was US$ 84.27 billion. Between 2004-05 and 2014-15,
the CAGR for GSDP was 12.83 for each penny.

Madhya Pradesh is rich in normal assets - energizes, minerals, agribusiness and biodiversity. The
state speaks to 8.3 for every penny of the nation's coal saves and has 218.04 billion cubic meters
(BCM) of evaluated coal-bed methane saves. The state likewise has the biggest stores of precious
stone and copper in India, aside from critical stores of limestone, manganese and dolomite.

Because of its brought together area, Madhya Pradesh has brilliant network to a few sections of
India. Numerous FMCG organizations have moved their stockrooms here to save money on
logistics costs.

There are 11 agro-climatic conditions and an assortment of soils accessible in the state to bolster
development of an extensive variety of yields. With around 33 for every penny of the area under
timberlands, Madhya Pradesh has a tremendous potential for medication, wood and agro based
business undertakings. Perfect soil and climatic conditions have made it an essential maker of
coarse grains, oilseeds and soybean in India.

Madhya Pradesh offers unmistakable money related and methodology/arrangement motivations

for associations under the Industrial Promotion Policy-2010 and Action Plan, other than
methodologies/approaches for IT, biotechnology, tourism and SEZs. To pull in speculators and
advance business visionaries, the state government has chosen TRIFAC, an organization that
supports a solitary window framework, for expedient endorsements of various clearances and
assents. Madhya Pradesh stands fifth among Indian states in rankings taking into account
simplicity of working together and changes usage, as indicated by a study by the World Bank and
KPMG.

The state government has made some very much arranged base speculations for streets and railroad
frameworks. Government offers different appropriations under 'Modern Investment Promotion
Assistance (IIPA) under 2014 Schemes' for interest being developed of street, charge, water,
mechanical parks, and so forth.

Recent Developments:

Hindustan Coca-Cola Beverages arrangements to set up a packaging plant with a venture of

Rs 750 crore (US$ 110.9 million) in stages at the main mechanical zone being produced by
Government of Madhya Pradesh under general society private association.
The Government of Madhya Pradesh has proposed Rs 1,656 crore (US$ 251.6 million) in State
Annual Action Plan (SAAP) to enhance water supply and sewerage system administrations in
32 urban areas and towns under the Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and Urban Transformation
(AMRUT).
The Madhya Pradesh government have gotten assent for getting Rs 120 million (US$ 1.76
billion) outside advance from Japan for its aggressive Bhopal and Indore Metro rail ventures.

Madhya Pradesh Economy depends on agribusiness, woods items, enterprises, mineral assets, and
house industry segments. The GDP of the state added up to ` 304,720 million in 1990, in 1995 this
figure added up to ` 478,410 million, and in 2000 this figure remained at ` 737,150 million.
The Economy of Madhya Pradesh depends mostly on the rural part as more than 80% of the general
population of the state rely on upon this area for their business. The farming part contributes around
46% to the state's economy. The different sorts of yields developed in the condition of Madhya
Pradesh are rice, beans, wheat, oilseeds, grams, soybeans, and maize. The state contributes 20%
to the aggregate generation of heartbeats in the nation. In Madhya Pradesh, the aggregate creation
of sustenance grain was around 14.10 million metric ton in 2004-2005. This part has given a
noteworthy support to the Economy in Madhya Pradesh.
The Economy in the condition of Madhya Pradesh likewise gets its income from the woodland
items area as the state has a backwoods front of around 1.7 million hectares. The different sorts of
timberland items accessible in the condition of Madhya Pradesh are teak wood, sal wood, and
bamboos. These items are sold everywhere throughout the nation hence adding to the Economy in
Madhya Pradesh. The Economy of Madhya Pradesh gets its income from the mechanical segment
which contributes 26% to the state's economy. The principle enterprises in the state are of
broadcast communications, data innovation, vehicles, and gadgets. Madhya Pradesh is the second
greatest concrete maker in the nation for it contributes 13% to the aggregate bond creation in India.
This part has contributed an extraordinary arrangement to the development of the Economy in
Madhya Pradesh.

Madhya Pradesh Economy additionally depends for its income on the mineral assets area for the
state has a rich storage facility of minerals. The different sorts of minerals found in the state are
dolomite, limestone, copper metal, bauxite, coal. Madhya Pradesh delivered 52683 thousand
metric ton of coal. The mineral division has supported the Economy of the condition of Madhya
Pradesh. The Economy of Madhya Pradesh gets its income from the bungalow business of the
state. The different sorts of bungalow industry items found in Madhya Pradesh are mud toys,
cowhide toys, fleece items, hand loom fabric, and chanderi sarees. These items are sold everywhere
throughout the nation and even traded to outside nations. The house business segment has
consequently helped the Economy of Madhya Pradesh to develop.

Madhya Pradesh Economy has become because of the commitment of numerous divisions. That
the economy of the state keeps on developing, the Madhya Pradesh government must offer help to
the divisions that add to its development.

2. PHASE OF FISCAL SURPLUS

The state of Madhya Pradesh since independence has experienced surplus only once, that too
before 1990 when the state had relatively less urban population and a variety of natural resources
because of its area consisting of Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh. Ever since then the state has
always been in deficit that too can be considered as a sign of development as the deficit arises
because the government has engaged in extra spending projects for example, infrastructure
spending or grants to businesses then those sectors chosen to receive the money receive a short-
term boost in operations and profitability.

3. PHASE OF FISCAL DEFICIT IN MADHYA PRADESH

Madhya Pradesh being a relatively poor state managed to create a modest industrial base with its
mineral wealth and limited urban population. The state from its inception has only been in fiscal
deficit although the deficit has been maintained.

The division of the state in 2000 lost some of its mineral reserves and forestry to Chhattisgarh, as
well as disproportionate share of the power capacity. In real terms, the net state domestic product
increased by about one third between 1994/95 and 1999/2000, but, even over a slightly longer
timeframe (1993/94- 1999/2000) per head wealth only increased by about one-fifth.1

Statistics presented in this paper would show the phase of deficit from 1997 to 2015 in term of
percent.

1997/98 2.06745
1998/99 4.20312
1999/2000 4.88119
2000/01 4.40458
2001/02 5.45299
2002/03 5.79741
2003/04 7.12084
2004/05 6.0782
2005/06 3.88891
2006/07 2.11463
2007/08 1.72402
2008/09 2.24741
2009/10 2.72412
2010/11 2.00156
2011/12 1.88057

1
David Lea, Routledge, The Territories and States of India, Tara Bolan-Crewe, 2003, p 154.
 2012/13 2.53117
2013/14 2.71025

The reduction in fiscal deficit has further established favorable 'chain-effects' on government
borrowing, government debt, interest payment, non-development revenue expenditures (i.e., the
pressure of fiscal deficit on each of these is expected to be chain-wise lowered). Finally, reduction
in non-development revenue expenditure may broaden the space for higher development revenue
expenditure by freeing some funds through reduction in interest payments.

Even though the long-term macroeconomic impact of fiscal deficits are subject to debate, there is
far less debate about certain immediate, short-term consequences. However, these consequences
depend on the nature of the deficit. If the deficit arises because the government has engaged in
extra spending projects for example, infrastructure spending or grants to businesses then those
sectors chosen to receive the money receive a short-term boost in operations and profitability. If
the deficit arises because receipts to the government have fallen, either through tax cuts or a decline
in business activity, then no such stimulus takes place. Whether stimulus spending is desirable is
also a subject of debate, but there can be no doubt that certain sectors benefit from it in the short
run.

4. STATUS OF AGRICULTURE IN STATE OF MADHYA PRADESH

Agriculture along with forests form the major characteristics of the state of Madhya Pradesh. A
primarily agrarian and rural economy, with very little industrialization and few modern sunrise
sectors, the state depends very much on the primary sector. Although Madhya Pradesh has not
been amongst the green revolution zones in the 1960s and 1970s, yet it has its own very successful
ventures in agriculture that exist with large tracts of traditional low technology, and dry land
farming areas. Major characteristics of Agriculture in Madhya Pradesh are as follows:
Strengths
Excellent landman ratio, good soil type, rich biodiversity, good support system of 4500 primary
agriculture co-operative societies, 240 agriculture mandis 2 state agriculture universities and 11
agriculture colleges.
Weaknesses
Nearly three-fourth holdings of the state are small and marginal in nature and possessing only 26
per cent of the land area. Two-third of the gross cropped areas is rain fed showing great dependence
on vagaries of the monsoon and frequent natural calamities. Large turn off and soil erosion in most
parts of the state results into: (a) water congestion due to impeded drainage in early parts of the
monsoon season and (b) inadequate moisture in latter part when needed the most. Further,
agriculture of the state lacks diversification, high proportion of low value crops in cropping
patterns (coarse cereals 20.6 per cent in kharif particularly), low use of HYV seeds, fertiliser and
less mechanisation. The state has a large tribal population and marginal and small farmers having
low investment capacity for adoption of high technology. Rural credit system in the state is also
weak and there are infrastructure bottlenecks in terms of power and transport facilities. The state
has high proportions of in descript animals and fodder shortage in spite of large proportion of
fallows and wastelands. There are crucial links between agriculture and rest of the states economy
as it is more of agrarian in nature. The performance of the economy is dependent on the
performance of agriculture since it supplies the major food items and raw materials to the state,
and on the demand side, it provides a market for non-agricultural goods and services. As per
Census 2001, agricultural activities in Madhya Pradesh engage 72 percent of the workforce
although its contribution to the gross state domestic product (GSDP) has declined from 36 per cent
in 1993-94 to 31 per cent in 1999-2000 and reduced further to 23.88 per cent in 2006-07. The
much needed push factors in the economy are emerging from agriculture, and the poor quality of
agriculture has kept many areas in the economic scenario at a depressing position.

4.1. LAND USE CLASSIFICATION

Land use classification Reorganised Madhya Pradesh has a total geographical area of 307.56 lakh
hectares. Figure 3.1 shows the land use classification of Madhya Pradesh in 2005-06.
 4.2. AGRICULTURE GROWTH RATE IN MADHYA PRADESH

Growth of agriculture during the period from 1999-2000 to 2006-07 was very uneven without any
specific trend. It was only in the years 2005-06 and 2006-07 that the growth rate was positive but
reported miniscule growth rather shows decline in 2006-07 over 2005-06. The reason for
fluctuating growth in agriculture is owing to severe droughts in the years 2000-01, 2002-03 and
2004-05. High growth in years 2001-02 and 2003-04 is mainly due to good rainfall. From
employment point of view, agriculture sector is one of the prime sectors in Madhya Pradesh.
Although over a decade the employment share of agriculture has declined from 77.7 per cent in
1993-94 to 69.1 per cent in 2004-05, the decline is not substantial and it has always remained
higher when compared to national average. Table 3.4 gives the employment share by different
sectors for Madhya Pradesh and India. Of the main workers recorded in census in 2001, 46.7 per
cent were engaged as cultivators, with nearly a quarter of them either make a living as agriculture
labour or working in sectors allied to agriculture. With the non-farm sector engaging just about a
quarter of the workforce, agriculture is the livelihood source for the state, and trends in
employment do not foretell any major shift in coming decade. 82 percent of the usually working
persons are engaged in agriculture and allied activities in rural areas in 2004-05. While the further
bifurcation by sex shows that 79 per cent male and 87.6 per cent female are dependent on
agriculture and allied activities as the main source of livelihood. Figure 3.2
 4.3. GROWTH OF AGRICULTURE PRODUCTION IN MADHYA PRADESH

Nationally, Madhya Pradesh plays a very important role in the agriculture sector. Currently (2006-
07),Madhya Pradesh produces around 13.75 million tonnes of food grains and about 5.81 million
tonnes of total oilseed (soyabean production is 4.785 million tonnes).The state produces 22.7 per
cent pulses, where in production of gram is highest at 40.4 per cent, and soyabean production at
55.0 per cent. Similarly, its oilseed production is 25 per cent in the countrys total production. The
diverse climatic and soil conditions make it possible to grow a broad range of agricultural products.
The state has 11 agro-climatic zones and 5crop zones (rice, though much reduced after division of
the state, still covers the second largest agriculture are in kharif after soyabean, rice-wheat, wheat,
wheat-jowar and cotton-jowar). But one has to be cautious as productivity of the major crops in
Madhya Pradesh is low compared to national figures except the yield of pulses, where it has
maintained a record of high productivity over the decade and more. The annual growth rates for
production of major crops are given in Table 3.3. It shows that the growth rates of production in
Madhya Pradesh in years prior to the 1990s than in the 90s they were higher. However, the
situation changed drastically from bad to worse from the period 2000-2007. This has reiterated the
fact that liberalisation, privatisation and globalisation has impacted negatively on agriculture
growth. This has led to greater levels of food insecurity among the poor and developing countries
as concluded from the analysis of Global Hunger Index. One point to note is that between early
1980s and early 1990s, and during the overall period, the growth in yield was smaller than the
growth in output because part of the increased output growth was provided by growth in gross
cropped area. This growth, though small, was quite high compared to the rest of India.
Growth rate for agriculture during nineties was merely1.5 per cent per annum and subsequently
for the period of 2006-07, it shows further decline. What was behind this change in Madhya
Pradeshs performance? Firstly, Madhya Pradeshs output growth pattern showed remarkable
coincidence with the development of irrigation. Between 1979-80 and 1997-98,created irrigation
potential increased by 73 per cent. In the last decade from 1993-94 to 2004-05, however, this
potential created has remained almost stagnant, increasing from 23.2 per cent to 32.37 per cent
in2006-07in terms of gross area irrigated to gross area sown.Gross area irrigated was 44.39 lakh
hectares in1993-94that rose to 65.43 lakh hectares in 2006-07 showing an increase of 11.31 per
cent over previous year. This indicates that we could bring about additionallyonly21 lakh hectares
area under irrigation in the span of more than a decade. This comes out to be bringing hardly1.6
lakh hectare area under irrigation per annum.

4.4. STATES SHARE IN NATIONAL AGRICULTURE PRODUCTION AND THEIR STATUS

A look at Madhya Pradeshs share in production of different crop groups reveals that Madhya
Pradesh is the eighth largest producer of cereals in the country, after Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal
and Andhra Pradesh, accounting for 5.1 per cent of the countrys produce.As far as pulses are
concerned, Madhya Pradesh is the largest producer in the country accounting for 24.1 per cent of
the countrys total production. Madhya Pradesh is also the second largest producer of oilseeds in
the country with 20.4 per cent of the countrys production coming from here (Table 3.4).
Detailed crop-wise production shows that among cereals, Madhya Pradesh is the third largest
producer of jowar, the fourth largest producer of maize and ranks fourth in wheat production in
the country. Madhya Pradesh contributes 42.3 per cent of the gram produce of the country, giving
it the first position among the states. It is also the sixth largest producer of arhar, contributing 8.76
per cent of the countrys total production. Among oilseeds, Madhya Pradesh is the largest producer
of soyabean accounting for 54.4 per cent of the countrys total production and the third largest
producer of rapeseed/mustard accounting for 10.46 per cent of the countrys total production.
However, a look at the yields of different crops presents a different picture.
Madhya Pradesh lags far behind the national average in the productivity of rice, wheat and maize,
arhar, soyabean, rapeseed/mustard and sugarcane. On the other hand, the states productivity level
is better for the crops like jowar, bajra and gram when compared to national average. Overall the
yield of food grains, though slightly more than that of the neighbouring states of Maharashtra and
Rajasthan, is significantly less than that of Gujarat, UP and the national average. Though Madhya
Pradesh is one of the top soyabean producers in the country and is one of the major exporters, its
productivity is very poor when compared to other states and national average and it is almost half
of the international average.

4.5. HORTICULTURE IN MADHYA PRADESH

State government is implementing National Horticulture Mission promoted by Ministry of

Agriculture since 2005-06. It aimed at increasing productivity and doubling the production of
horticulture crops in the 11th FYP period. The programme is being implemented in 30 districts.
The major fruits produced in Madhya Pradesh are mango, guava, orange, melon, papaya, banana,
and grapes; main vegetables are green peas, cauliflower, okra, tomato, potato, eggplant, onion, and
gourd; and in spices, the state produces garlic, coriander, ginger, turmeric and chillies. From Table
3.5, we will be able to get an idea of the area and production in fruits, vegetables and spices in the
state. Madhya Pradesh has been a large producer of spices in India, although horticulture is not
very well developed in the state. The state is the largest producer of garlic (37 per cent of the
countrys production) and the second largest producer of coriander. In vegetables, although the
production is not very high, there are certain strengths in the state. Among vegetables, it is gaining
a reputation for the Malwa potato, which is ideal for potato chips processing. round 15 per cent of
the pea production is also concentrated here. Potato is grown in around 47 thousand hectares in
the state. The potential in the Malwa potato needs greater marketing and industrial linkage support,
and has the potential of becoming very beneficial to farmers in concentrated pockets. Peas can also
be picked up in larger numbers for storage and sale in as dehydrated products or even fresh peas
under refrigeration. The main fruits being grown are mangoes, guavas, banana and citrus fruits.
The productivity of most of these fruits, especially citrus fruits (orange, mosambi and lime) is very
good, and they offer tremendous potential through an expansion in area, and through more focused
fruit cultivation.

4.6. FERTILISERS

Crops respond dramatically to fertilisers on most soils. Chemical fertilisers have contributed a lot
in meeting the population requirements for food and fibre. Total fertiliser consumption has
increased from 9.4 kg per ha in 1978-79 to 62.7 kg per ha in 2006-07, showing the increase by 6.7
times. Major growth is seen in the use of nitrogenous and phosphorus fertilisers. The use of
nitrogenous fertiliser has increased by nearly 7 times over in the above mentioned period. There
has also been a shift in the consumption of fertilisers over the years. Whereas in the late 70s the
consumption of fertilisers in the kharif season was nearly one-fourth of the consumption in the rabi
season, now the consumption of fertilisers is more in the kharif season. This is mainly due to shift
in cropping pattern from food grains to oilseeds due to growth in irrigation facilities. the emphasis
placed on chemical fertilisers however, has had two major impact on agriculture. First is that there
has been a decline in the use of organic fertilisers, that once swayed the land, and in fact organic
fertilisers and organic modes of farming have been declining. Second, is that use of chemicals in
agriculture is having its own debilitating effects on the environment, especially land and water in
this case.While the use of fertilisers in Madhya Pradesh is much less than in other states of India
and hence its negative effects are yet to appear in full force, we take evidence both from other
states and from Madhya Pradesh to caution on the ever increasing use of chemical fertilisers, and
emphasise that organic fertilisers and organic farming is a fairly viable and environmentally sound
alternative. Data was given in table 3.6.

4.7. IRRIGATION AND WATER BUDGETING FOR AGRICULTURE

The state is basically rich in water resources barring a few patches, which are water shortage zones.
The state has an estimated surface flow of 8.15 million ha m (at 75 per cent dependability) of
which 5.68 million ha m is usable by the state and remaining 2.47 million ha-m is left for use of
neighboring states. After considering the reservation of surface water for downstream state under
various interstate instruments and after considering the annually practicability, it is estimated that
the state can utilise annually approximately 56.8 Km3 of water from the surface sources and about
34.5 km3 from the groundwater sources. Thirty per cent of the surface water available in the state
is stored in ponds and lakes and the remaining 70 per cent in the irrigation reservoirs. In terms of
utilisation, the state is currently using only 49 per cent of the surface water. Current annual
utilisation in terms of withdrawal is around 14.0 km from surface water and 10.0 km3 from
groundwater, while that in net (evapotranspiration) terms would be considerably lower. The
groundwater development has taken place through about 9, 16,108 open wells, 1, 24,970 shallow
tube wells/bore wells and 45 deep tube wells. Most structures, excluding the deep tube well are
privately owned. The gross cropped area of the state is 19.71 million hectare; out of that net
cropped area is 15.07 million hectare. Total irrigation capacity of Madhya Pradesh state is 13.70
million hectare. The gross irrigated area is around 83 ha per thousand persons which is slightly
larger than the all-India figure of 77 ha. The irrigation potential created through government
sources at the time of re-organisation of the state in 1956 was nearly 0.484 million ha. After
bifurcation of state, the total irrigation potential created from government sources stands at 2.41
million hectare. Figure 3.7 shows the percentage of gross irrigated area to gross sown area.
 5. ENERGY RESOURCES AND MINERAL RESOURCES IN THE STATE OF MADHYA PRADESH
5.1.ENERGY RESOURCES
Energy resources in Madhya Pradesh have two major types, first conventional resources and
second non-conventional resources. Conventional energy resources in Madhya Pradesh
include Indian coal, petroleum, natural gas, atomic mineral, and hydropower. Except hydropower,
all the other conventional resources are non-renewable. In Madhya Pradesh, coal is one of the main
sources of energy. Non-conventional sources of energy include solar energy, wind energy, biogas,
biomass energy, tidal energy, geo-thermal energy, etc. All these are renewable energy resources.
Energy production in Madhya Pradesh has started from the year 1905. The main energy sources
in the state are thermal power, hydropower, wind and solar energy.

Year-wise installation trend for Wind power projects is presented below:

Financial Cumulative
Capacity (MW)
Year(FY) capacity(MW)

Till 2003-04 21.69 21.69

2004-05 6.25 27.94

2005-06 11.20 39.14

2006-07 17.45 56.59

2007-08 69.0 125.59

 2008-09 25.1 150.69

2009-10 16.6 167.29

2010-11 46.5 213.79

2011-12 100.5 314.29

2012-13 (as on date) 314.29

Year-wise installation trend for Solar power projects is presented below:

Year Capacity (MW)

1997-98 0.1

2012-13 7.25

Thermal power is the main source of energy in the state. The main thermal power plants are located
in the main coal producing areas. The main thermal power plants of Madhya Pradesh
are Amarkantak Thermal Power Plant, Satpura Thermal Power Plant, Chandani Thermal Power
Centre, Jabalpur Thermal Power Plant, Sanjay GandhiThermal Power Plant and Pench
River Thermal Power plant. Satpura Thermal Power Plant is located in Pather kheda coal area near
Itarsi in Betul district, which is in the north slope of Satpura ranges. The construction in the plant
was started in 1962 and completed in 1967. With the establishment of the plant, the production
was started in the same year. It is joint venture of Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh government.

Hydropower is one of the most important renewable energy resources used in Madhya Pradesh.
Along with declining natural resources due to excessive utilisation the importance of hydropower
is remarkable. In Madhya Pradesh, there are ideal situations for constructing dam projects,
particularly in the western part where many perennial rivers originate and flow.

The hydropower capacity of the state is 665 MW presently. Some of the main hydropower projects
are Gandhi Sagar Hydropower Centre, Rana Pratap Sagar Hydropower Centre,Kota or Jawahar
Sagar Hydropower Centre, Bergee Project and Ban Sagar Hydropower Centre. The degenerating
trends of traditional energy resources due to excessive utilisation and limited availability pose
severe threat for the future development of the area or region. The non-traditional resources are
eco-friendly resources and they have much more capacity then to the traditional one. The non-
conventional sources of energy are solar energy, wind energy, biogas, biomass, etc. Madhya
Pradesh also has the ideal conditions for the development solar energy generation. Wind energy is
another popular energy resource and the first wind energy plant is located at Dewas District.
Renewable energy is high on Indias development agenda. The National Solar Mission is one of
the eight elements of the National Action Plan on Climate Change, and has set an ambitious target
of providing 20 GW of grid-connected solar power by 2022.

Madhya Pradesh has a rich natural resource base with enormous possibilities for renewable energy
generation. In particular, the topographic and climatic conditions of the State favour the
development of wind and solar energy, but small hydroelectric and biomass initiatives are also
likely to be important. At present, renewable energy sources make up only 2.95% of the total
installed capacity of the State, but Table 1 illustrates the potential capacities of each of the four
main renewable energy sources.
The Madhya Pradesh State Government is already actively promoting the development of
renewable energy. It provides favourable investment conditions through concessional rates for
land and commercial tax, capital subsidies, and exemptions from entry tax and electricity duty.
Realising the potential of renewable energy in Madhya Pradesh, the State Government has
implemented policies for solar, biomass and wind energy and has taken steps to promote renewable
energy and to attract investment.

Installed and potential capacities of renewable energy technologies in Madhya Pradesh

 5.2.MINERAL RESOURCES

Minerals in Madhya Pradesh occur in abundance in its several districts. The state of Madhya is
said to have a favourable geotectonic setting that accommodates every episode of mineralisation
the earth has experienced. It includes the occurrences of almost all varieties of minerals required
as industrial input in the growing economy. 16 major minerals are considered of specific
importance as they contribute significantly in development of economy of the state. These include
the Limestone, Bauxite, Coal, Manganese ore, Diamond, Base metals, Dolomite, Rock Phosphate
and Granite. Others include Marble, Flagstone, Slate, Calcite, Quartz and Silica sand,
Molybdenum and Fire clay.
Limestone forms an important segment of mineral resources of Madhya Pradesh. As per the
available statistics of Indian Bureau of Mines, the total reserve of limestone in the state is around
4.79 percent of the total national reserve of several million tonnes. Vast terrain of the state is
prevalent with suitable grade of limestone for manufacturing of cement. Another significant
mineral resource of the state is Bauxite. The state has vast deposits of Bauxite, mainly in Balaghat
district, Mandla district, Shahdol district, Rewa district, and Sidhi district. The highest degree of
bauxite deposits of Jabalpur district are mainly used for calcinations to be used in refractory units.

Reserves/Resources of Coal as on 1.4.2012 : Madhya Pradesh (In million tonnes)

Coal constitutes the vital raw material required for consumption in the energy sector. The state of
Madhya Pradesh contributes about 14.09 percent of the total national reserve of coal. Madhya
Pradesh has a large tract of favourable rock formation where coal is found which is distributed in
Shahdol district, Chhindwara district,Betul district, Narsinghpur district and Sidhi district. The
deposit of Sidhi district is considered as one of the largest deposits in the country. This mineral
resource is mostly utilised in the thermal power plants, railways and industries. Based on the
deposits of coal, three Thermal Power Plants are in operation in this state. Madhya Pradesh has
large reserves of medium coking coal deposits in Shahdol district.

High strategic importance is given to Manganese Ore. Madhya Pradesh is India's foremost source
of manganese ore with a reserve of around 23.64 million tonnes accounting for near about 14.13
percent of the national reserve. The deposits are mostly located in Balaghat and Chhindwara
districts constituting the bulk of deposit available in the state. Manganese is seldom used directly
as metal and it also finds its application in various value added products like Ferro manganese,
steel making, dry batteries, glass and chemical industries. The bulk of reserve of manganese ore
found in Balaghat belt is of blast furnace grade and the reserve of Ferro manganese ore is very
limited. Further, the state of Madhya Pradesh has a distinction of having the lone diamond mine
in the country located at Majhgawan area in Panna District.

Base metals of Madhya Pradesh include copper, lead and zinc. In Madhya Pradesh as many as 117
base metals are on record. The copper ore occurrences are in Balaghat, Bastar region,
Jabalpur, Betul, Hoshangabad district , Chhindwara, Sagar, Datia, Sidhi, Dewas, Shivpuri
districtand Tikamgarh districts. The Malanjkhand copper mine is the largest hard rock opencast
pit of the country. Dolomite is another significant mineral found in the state. High grade dolomite
has become the major industrial mineral because of its use in iron and steel and refractory
industries. Occurrences of dolomite have been recorded in Mandla district, Seoni
district, Chhatarpur district, Sagar district and Jabalpur district. The dolomite deposits of Mandla
district are mainly used in iron and steel industries in and outside the state. The dolomite deposit
of Jabalpur is mainly consumed in the refractory industries. The dolomite deposits of Mandla,
Sagar and Chhatarpur districts have attained significance because of their high content of
magnesia.

Rock Phosphate is another mineral resource found in the state of Madhya Pradesh. In this state,
reserve of rock phosphate has been estimated around 35.99 million tonnes constituting almost
24.76 percent of the national reserve. The deposits are located in Jhabua, Sagar and Chhatarpur
districts. Granites are in much demand in the modern construction work as decorative and
ornamental stones. Granite deposits are widespread throughout the state. Moreover, Madhya
Pradesh is fast emerging as marble producing state in the country. Exotic varieties of marble are
available in Katni, Narsinghpur, Jabalpur, Mandla, Hoshangabad, Sidhi and Jhabua districts. The
polished marble of Katni districtis considered as good as Italian marble. Further, wide deposits of
white, cream, pink and red coloured sandstone occurs in Shivpuri district, Guna district, Gwalior
district, Panna district, Vidisha district, Raisen district and Sagar district.

Other major mineral of Madhya Pradesh is Pyrophyllite. The deposits of Pyrophyllite occur in
Chhatarpur, Shivpuri and Tikamgarh districts of the state. Its occurrences have also been found
in Gwalior district. Madhya Pradesh is the sole producer of slate in the country. White and red
coloured slate found in Mandsaur district is used mainly in producing slate pencil. Significant
deposits of calcite occur in the western part of Madhya Pradesh mainly in Barwani district. The
total reserve of quartz and silica sand in the state of Madhya Pradesh accounts for around 4387
thousand tonnes which is nearly 0.18 percent of the total reserve of the country. The deposits are
distributed in the districts of Chhatarpur, Chhindwara, Datia, Gwalior, Jhabua, Mandla, Rewa, etc.

Molybdenum is an important strategic mineral. It is mainly found in Malanjkhand area of Balaghat

district. Over 94 million tonnes of fireclays of various grades have been estimated in Madhya
Pradesh. The deposits distributed in Shahdol district, Gwalior, Katni, Jabalpur, Sidhi, Betul and
Chhindwara districts has led to the establishment of a number of refractory and some ceramic
industries in the state. There are many mineral based industries in Madhya Pradesh including
cement plants, thermal power plants, and caustic soda plants.
 The below table shows the list of minerals with their production and revenue receipts

6. HEALTH SCENARIO OF MADHYA PRADESH.

Health plays an important role in the life of an individual if a person is healthy then he/she can do
his/her work more productively and efficiently. If an individual is healthy then the whole society
will be healthy and if the society is healthy then the whole nation will be healthy and that society
can lead to the further development of nations economy.

The geographical vastness of the state and its social, cultural and economic diversity demand
substantial inputs for healthy level of living including health. The state has large forest area and
concentration of tribal population in around 1800 forest villages within or in the periphery of
forests. The wellbeing fixates arranged and set up on population standards are spatially hard to
access due to inadequately found populace. Foundation for wellbeing care conveyance in the state,
hence, is not satisfactory enough to meet out the wellbeing needs of the general population in a
proficient and savvy way. In this manner, the most overwhelming test before Madhya Pradesh is
the conveyance of compelling general wellbeing administrations.

Madhya Pradesh along with Orissa are two among the major states of India that have very poor
record on different indicators of health and health needs. However, the cumulative outcome of
multiple initiatives that have happened in the state in the area of women empowerment, female
literacy, girls education and political decentralization has started resulting in improvement to
some extent in the health indicators.

TABLE
Population
(Actual &
Projected)
1991 2001 2010 2015
Population, 4.86 6.04 7.84 8.87
actual and
projected

Growth Rate per 2.70 2.50 2.40

annum projected
for five years

As per details from Census 2011, Madhya Pradesh has population of 7.27 Crores, an increase from
figure of 6.03 Crore in 2001 census. Total population of Madhya Pradesh as per 2011 census is
72,626,809 of which male and female are 37,612,306 and 35,014,503 respectively. In 2001, total
population was 60,348,023 in which males were 31,443,652 while females were 28,904,371. The
total population growth in this decade was 20.35 percent while in previous decade it was 24.34
percent. The population of Madhya Pradesh forms 6.00 percent of India in 2011. In 2001, the
figure was 5.87 percent.

6.1.DIFFERENT FACTORS THAT AFFECTS THE HEALTH SCENARIO IN THE STATE OF MADHYA
PRADESH
 LIFE EXPECTANCY
DEATH RATE
INFANT MORTALITY RATE AND MATERNITY MORTALITY RATE
FERTILITY, BIRTH RATES AND MATERNITY HEALTH
VARIOUS DISEASES
REPRDUCTIVE AND CHILD HEALTH
STRUCTURE OF HEALTH AND DELIVERY
LIFE EXPECTANCY

Future during childbirth is the most far reaching pointer of wellbeing. The appraisal for Life
Expectancy at Birth in Madhya Pradesh was 55.2 years for the period 1992-96. It is a long ways
behind the national future of 60.7 years during childbirth. Inside the state there are topographical
contrasts in future, with country future of 53.7 years generously not exactly urban future of 63
years.

Male future in 1992-96 is minimal higher than that of females (55.1 years to 54.7 years). The
female have natural prevalence regarding better survival and subsequently to think about male and
female futures, we accept that female future ought to be around five years more than guys. Along
these lines the close equivalent future of guys and females as a result demonstrate that females in
contrast with men despise an equivalent wellbeing status.

DEATH RATE

Over the last two decades, there has been sharp decline in death rate (number of deaths per
thousand population). The death rates in rural and urban areas of Madhya Pradesh were 10.1 and
6.4 respectively in 2004 and have come down to 9.4 and 6.2 respectively in 2007. Present death
rate in MP is 8.7 (per 1000) which is also higher than the national average of 7.4. MP would be
the second highest following Orissa with death rate of 9.2 among the 15 major states in the country.
Sex-specific death rate presented in Table 12.3 reveals that in both Madhya Pradesh as well as at
all India level, female death rate is less compared to male death rate.

MATERNITY MORTALITY RATE AND INFANT MORTALITY RATE

Pregnancy and motherhood are natural processes in the lives of women of reproductive age. These
processes are generally considered to be positive and fulfilling experiences. However, for various
reasons, many women end up dying as a result of these processes. Improving maternal health and
reducing maternal mortality are accepted as human rights challenges and prioritized in several

international declarations and national policies. However, progress in achieving these objectives
still remains poor. Maternity mortality rate is another issue of high concern for the state of Madhya
Pradesh .Both the issue of IMR and MMR are interrelated and their solution is also interconnected
somewhere . MMR refers to maternity mortality rate for the states as per the records of NFHS II

MMR is 498per lakh births. According to the annual health survey bulletin 2011-12 released by
the registrar general of India MMR in the state is declined by 33 points in one year and 102 in the
last ten years. A target has been set to 200 under Mamta Abhiyan launched by CM Shivraj Singh
Chauhan on national Mothers day to further reduce MMR ratio to 200 points during the year 2013-
2014.

Institutional delivery system has been adopted and promoted effectively. Percentage of
institutional delivery was 26% ten years ago which has risen upto81% now!

6.2. TO ACCOMPLISH THE HEALTH VISION AND OBJECTIVES OF THE STATE, THE
ACCOMPANYING METHODOLOGIES WILL BE ACTUALIZED:

I. Value
It is usually realized that destitute individuals have more regrettable wellbeing pointers and MP is
no special case. In any case, there are different parts of value that are identified with salary and
wellbeing. In MP there are topographical imbalance in both access to medicinal services and
wellbeing status, urban rustic disparity, sex disparity and imbalance because of absence of
training. Points of interest of geographic, financial, urban/country and sexual orientation disparity
are displayed in Annex XXX. However taking after is the outline of the circumstance.

Wage imbalance

Wage impacts both the entrance to medicinal services and wellbeing status. For instance for one
poor country individual that utilizations open administrations, there are eight non-poor people
utilizing the freely subsidized administrations (NCAER, 2001). Baby Mortality Rate is twofold
and Child Mortality Rate more than five times in poor families contrasted with non-poor. Just 12%
of the kids in poor families are immunized when contrasted with ~ half of the rich. There is
additionally a lower usage by destitute individuals in a key zone like institutional delivery[2].
Advantage rate investigation demonstrates that about portion of the general well being
sponsorships gather to the main 20% of the populace. The base quintile represents only 6.6% of
the hospitalization. Examination likewise demonstrates that the rich utilize the private part all the
more yet they additionally utilize a much bigger offer of the general population arrangement as
well.

Sexual orientation imbalance

Ladies have a restricted part in key choices identified with maternal and kid wellbeing. Death rates
for young ladies are higher than young men aside from amid early stages. According to NFHS 2
information, the IMR for male in 1995 was 79 though it was 100 for females. So also, the Under
5 Mortality rate for young men in 1995 was 114 while for young ladies it was 152. Rate of young
men getting immunized is more noteworthy than young ladies. Young ladies will probably be
underweight than young men. Kid inclination is developing and occurrences of female foeticide
are expanding accordingly antagonistically influencing the sex proportion.

Provincial urban imbalance

The per capita open use on provincial zones add up to not exactly 33% of that spent per capita in
urban regions. IMR in country zones is altogether higher than urban. ANC administrations are
very nearly two and half times more in urban zones when contrasted with country. More than 86%
of conveyances in rustic territories were at home when contrasted with half in urban regions. 61%
of the conveyances in urban regions were helped by specialists or prepared staff when contrasted
with 21% in rustic areas2.

Local disparity

Amongst the six districts of MP, Vindhyan area has the most exceedingly terrible and the Malwa
locale has the best wellbeing status2.

Instruction disparity

NFHS 2 information has plainly settled that the instruction level of moms has direct impact on
usage of wellbeing administrations. The higher the level of training of moms, the higher the use
of wellbeing administrations. Around 86% of secondary school pass moms profited ANC
administrations, the comparing figure for those moms having finished center school was ~70%,
those with center school instruction level, 65% and just 45% of the uneducated moms had benefited
ANC administrations.

To review the discriminatory circumstance as to access to wellbeing and wellbeing status, the
wellbeing segment can contribute impressively. In any case, all disparities in the wellbeing status
can't be tended to by just the wellbeing division and different segments (e.g. horticulture,
instruction, ladies and youngster advancement, vocation and so forth.) additionally need wellbeing
and value arranged approaches and procedures.

The well being division has the aspiration to enhance monetary and geographic value and
additionally scope of populace for access to successful and great quality medicinal services
through new procedures depicted underneath. To enhance the geographic and scope access to
mind, new budgetary assets should be made accessible to the wellbeing part, wellbeing framework
should be extended and existing base redesigned and made suitable for the staff and patient's need.
To enhance monetary access to social insurance, the arrangement of out of pocket installment at
the season of accepting medicinal services should be changed. As said before, this framework is
backward from value point of view and adversely influences the entrance of medicinal services for
the poor segment of the general public. Measures like inspecting and characterizing standards for
geographic access to essential and optional consideration, making arrangements for wellbeing
specialists at the town level to give fundamental social insurance, building up a group based
medicinal services financing for essential and auxiliary consideration and so forth are a portion of
the recommended arrangements. Further, to guarantee impartial access amongst the whole cross
segment of the general public and therefore crush social hindrances to get to, the arrangement
expects to guarantee access to learning and aptitudes to accomplish proper wellbeing conduct for
individual, family and group to advance wellbeing and anticipate infection furthermore to give
restoration; accordingly enhancing the personal satisfaction surprisingly living in the state.

Methodologies

To build up different approaches to back the social insurance in the state. This could incorporate
expense based financing, hazard sharing instruments e.g. protection (individual and gathering
protections, Community based Health Financing), co-installment, administration expenses, gifts
and so on. Specifically, to create group based human services financing framework for essential
and auxiliary consideration with the interest of government, family and group.
To build the administration spending assignment from 0.89% of GDP to 2% throughout the
following five years. Spending allotment ought to be one-sided towards country zones.

To build the proficiency of the administration run medicinal services through enhanced
administration i.e. expanded monetary independence - spending plan and consumption, and
administrative self-governance - work force and frameworks, and yield and result introduction.
The self-governing administration ought to be connected first to the areas with substantial urban
populace.

To build the quantity of Sub Health Centers in the state (taking enumeration 2001 as the base) and
guarantee the office for institutional conveyance at each SHC.

To accomplish value in access to quality medicinal services, social insurance mediations of

demonstrated adequacy (proof based) for determination and treatment of conditions/sicknesses of
youngsters, teenagers and grown-ups (guys and female) will be upheld from open/open helped
stores.

To understand the vision of the legislature for accomplishing learning and abilities for solid living,
group level gatherings and foundations would be upheld for data, instruction and correspondence
and conduct changes. Further, the instructive establishments, especially the schools will be used
for accomplishing suitable wellbeing looking for conduct

II. ASSOCIATION OF HEALTH CARE

Madhya Pradesh is a state improved with customary information on option frameworks of

medication like Ayurveda, Homeopathy and so forth that have been time tried. In the present
situation, these frameworks of drug are not accepting sufficient limited time parkways from the
state. The strategy in this manner recommends measures to standard these option frameworks of
prescription.

With regards to accomplishing general wellbeing picks up for the group, the Government's part is
fourfold, specifically, facilitator, supplier, screen and controller. Be that as it may, in the present
situation, the supplier capacity dominates all others, with resultant diminishment in time-
accessibility of the office for the other three essential parts. The circumstance in this way requires
the Government to propose hierarchical change to adequately satisfy the other three parts. The
strategy proposes to improve the part of Government in giving stewardship in creating
arrangements and observing their usage (by the general population, private, NGO and other
medicinal services suppliers) through fitting observation frameworks keeping in mind the end goal
to accomplish wellbeing for all areas of the general public. Present day administration aptitudes
likewise should be connected in the arrangement of medicinal services. Administrative self-
governance, with plainly divided parts and obligations regarding the administration of all assets
money related, administrations and faculty, and having a yield and result introduction, is important
to accomplish productivity in the openly financed medicinal services administrations. Further, the
sort of administrations ought to be excused to put resources into such social insurance intercessions
that have demonstrated adequacy (proof based), with a specific end goal to enhance the allocative
proficiency of the accessible assets.

Techniques

A. Empowering Indian frameworks of drug

Mainstreaming Indian frameworks of drug through Increased and more grounded joint effort
between the DoHFW and DoISM&H and have coordinated working as opposed to a confined
methodology.

To have basic approaches overseeing the two Directorates. (The arrangement medicines of the
Health Policy will be relevant to both the frameworks).

B. Hierarchical change

To set up a SPU (Strategic Planning Unit) at the Directorate of Health and Family Welfare Services
with a specific end goal to give arrangement inputs to all social insurance areas. The SPU will
have a consultative part, will be specialized in nature, speaking to wide range of capability in
wellbeing and situated inside the directorate of wellbeing administrations.

To have each local division drove by a full Director with the particular order to screen and give
observation to social insurance administrations. The local chief will have obligations regarding
observing and observation of wellbeing and social insurance in their purview and will likewise be
in charge of execution of the legislature subsidized wellbeing administrations. At the state capital
level, the Directorate could be changed over to a Directorate General level, the fundamental
capacity of which would be to investigate strategy matters, arranging and improvement.

Audit and change the part and association of IEC Bureau at Bhopal in perspective of the restored
vision of the legislature for accomplishing learning and ability among all residents of the state.

Survey the part of State HIV/AIDS Society with the perspective of mainstreaming its exercises
through different government services, NGOs and private division.

C. Administration change

To grow new criteria for administration of government social insurance organizations (PHCs,
CHCs and locale healing centers) to give monetary and administrative self-rule with duties
regarding yield and result.

To create standards (least and most extreme) for the accessibility of key segments of essential,
auxiliary and tertiary consideration (symptomatic offices, inpatient beds, drug stores and so forth.)
in particular geographic zones and populace load in urban and in addition rustic regions.

D. Reconnaissance for wellbeing and illness in private and open division

To build up an ailment and result situated reconnaissance (through an observation association),

which could be situated at divisional level. This reconnaissance framework would envelop both
the general population and private human services suppliers.

E. Wellbeing Research for expanding proficiency in medicinal services

To fortify the recently made Operations Research Unit in the directorate through enlistment of able
work force and energize research (wellbeing frameworks exploration) to use human services assets
adequately and effectively.

III. ENHANCING QUALITY AND QUANTITY OF HUMAN RESOURCE FOR HEALTH

CARE.
The working of any association is influenced by the way of Human Resource Management. Issues
like continuous exchange, unequal work assignment, responsibility and so forth unfavorably
influences the inspiration of the Health Department faculty. There is a need to expand the adequacy
of the current HR of the wellbeing office. Enhancing the nature of the staff and filling the
opportunities/making more presents on expansion the amount of the wellbeing faculty could
accomplish this. This would require having a point of interest Human Resource Development Plan,
and if key, define a different arrangement for the same. Creating competency in Public Health,
Health Care and Hospital Management, is additionally felt fundamental to realize changes in the
status of wellbeing. The requirement for authorities in these fields has surfaced on numerous
occasions and will turn out to be both practically and savvy. The arrangement likewise suggests
arrangement for guaranteeing the arrangement of talented birth orderlies, which is key for tending
to the high MMR. In conclusion, the strategy proposes measures to all the more successfully
achieve the provincial populace with quality social insurance through arrangements like licentiate
course and perceiving the administration of the as of now honing human services suppliers at the
town level.

METHODOLOGY

To build up a Human Resource Development arrangement and strategy which sustains a persuaded
group and great workplace. Further, create staff arrangement and exchange strategy adjusting the
requirements of the administration and the people.

To begin a Master of Public Health (degree) program with accentuation on Public Health
arranging, administration and reconnaissance of wellbeing and sicknesses. The system is arranged
with a perspective that an administrative framework of specialists will be produced for the general
wellbeing and healing center administration.

To present mandatory country (preparing) posting for a long time for new alumni from the state
medicinal schools. The preparation may take after the example in Maharashtra.

To build up a licentiate course of three years to expand the supply of qualified medicinal services
suppliers in provincial territories.
To expand the supply of talented birth care suppliers through another maternity care instruction in
obstetrics mind (a unit between therapeutic specialist and ANM in the wellbeing framework). An
enactment concerning this arrangement is pending with the Government, this will be looked into
and amended, if essential, for the thought of the administration. To give a vocation plan to town
based Dais.

To create terms of reference to perceive the administrations of the as of now rehearsing human
services suppliers at the town level. Further, the acknowledgment ought to be molded upon their
commitment in Public Health (e.g. execution of National Health Programs). The Government will
likewise need to characterize the prerequisites of extra preparing, to achieve an affirmation level.

IV. Open PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP FOR IMPROVED HEALTH

From wellbeing financing point of view, for every 100 rupees spent on human services in MP, 75
rupees originate from out of pocket private subsidizing. For the administration arrangement,
there is a country urban partition 70% of qualified suppliers are in urban ranges and just 30% in
the rustic parts of the state. Seven out of around eight people in chose social insurance staff classes
work in the private segment. This does exclude general society segment wellbeing representatives
(e.g. specialists, medical caretakers and others) who hone secretly after the obligation hours. There
are around 5000 qualified specialists (counting 1500 ISM&H experts) in taxpayer driven
organization contrasted with 20,000 in the private segment. The Dhows 16,900 MPW (male) and
ANMs could be appeared differently in relation to RMPs and Dais (50,000 every) offering
wellbeing administrations at the family unit level especially in rustic regions (Ref: Situation
Analysis-The Health Sector in MP, June 2002, HLSP Consulting Ltd., and MSG).

In spite of the fact that the administration utilizes qualified human services experts and in
numerous provincial ranges, the administration staff is the main wellspring of qualified social
insurance, the not exactly qualified suppliers (non enlisted professionals) prevail in rustic regions
and this pattern is additionally expanding in some urban and semi-urban territories. On a normal,
70% of the principal contacts for human services occur in private segment and private area is the
dominating supplier of therapeutic social insurance. Rich and poor frequently utilize private
medicinal services; poor regularly utilizing the consideration from not exactly qualified private
suppliers.
Given the numbers and spread of private social insurance suppliers in country zones (frequently
the not exactly qualified suppliers) and considerable nearness of qualified and not exactly qualified
suppliers in urban zones, it is clear to investigate potential outcomes of the part the private division
can play for enhanced general wellbeing in the state. As such, the private wellbeing administrations
have worked in seclusion, with no or least control for quality. As a rule, the specialized
characteristics of consideration in government offices are much better than in the private division
(especially in the country regions). To deliver the issues identified with access and nature of
medicinal services in private division, government proposes methodologies and intercessions to
utilize the capability of the private social insurance part for development in populace (open)
wellbeing. Government advances particular measures for empowering open private coordinated
effort in the fields of vaccination, decrease of maternal mortality and control of irresistible
maladies (tuberculosis, sickness and so forth.). Further, measures are recommended to utilize the
human and monetary assets of non-government associations (NGOs) and private part for
administration of some legislature possessed offices Systems

To Identify and make stock and mapping of a wide range of wellbeing administration and also
social administrations suppliers and conceiving a practical framework to redesign the stock system.

To survey the Nursing Home Act and, if fundamental, change it.

To empower helpful bodies, proficient bodies (Medical and Nursing affiliations), NGOs, private
and corporate establishments and beneficent associations to deal with the Government wellbeing
organizations (on contract or different game plans).

To advance associations (e.g. open private associations) of different sorts and levels for compelling
arrangement of wellbeing administrations; like contracting out a semi-urban or to a great degree
rustic PHC to NGOs/private division/magnanimous associations under the plan 90/10 of the
Government of India.

To advance dynamic association of the country specialists (not exactly qualified)/para-restorative

laborers in provincial and urban ranges for national and state general Health program through
preparing and acknowledgment.
V. ACCESS TO EFFECTIVE, GOOD QUALITY AND SAFE PHARMACEUTICALS FOR
ALL

Accessibility of solid, sheltered, shabby and powerful medications is a crucial component of a well
working wellbeing framework. They are imperative in the treatment and anticipation of ailment
and one of the variables that advance wellbeing looking for among the populace in offices where
their accessibility is guaranteed. This requires a productive, straightforward, responsible and
responsive medication administration framework and a state of mind towards discerning
recommending among suppliers and proper use by the populace. Such a prerequisite would apply
to meds and supplies important in all frameworks of solution. Funds reserved to guarantee this end
additionally should be streamlined. This requires a stewardship part of Government to give an
arrangement structure to acquisition of medications and their sound use in allopathic too different
frameworks of drug.

METHODOLOGY

Usage of an endorsed drug approach. Obtainment of medication to be unified in people in general

segment and a passbook framework ought to be acquainted for supply of medications with
government organizations at state and area level.

Usage of Essential Drug Concept i.e. the utilization of crucial medications and standard treatment
rules in the general population and private medicinal services framework.

Advance all through the state levelheaded medication use through the development of dynamic
Drugs and Therapeutic Committees, viable open private organizations and fitting IEC inside the
group.

Audit and fortify the control elements of Office of the Controller Food and Drugs as an
implementation organization to go about as a straightforward and viable body in guaranteeing the
nature of fundamental medications in the medication production network.

VI. WATCHING WORKERS HEALTH

A sheltered and solid workplace is a privilege of each specialist. Word related wellbeing grasps a
wide range of livelihood including business ventures, administration exchanges, ranger service,
horticulture, and ergonomics and spotlight on the issue of mechanical cleanliness, modern
illnesses, mechanical mischances, toxicology in connection to modern dangers, mechanical
restoration, and so forth. The greatness of the issue is more prominent than is generally accepted.
From an epidemiological overview, completed in numerous nations by WHO, it was accounted
for that specialists still experience the ill effects of serious, intense and interminable word related
ailment influencing their wellbeing and working limits. Despite these negative impacts of business
related ailment on the wellbeing status of the worldwide populace, 20-90% of specialists,
contingent upon the nation, have no entrance to word related wellbeing administrations. The
requirement for such administrations is especially intense in the creating nations, which constitute
the larger part. Much enactment exists to secure specialists rights and wellbeing yet they are not
executed appropriately and just tip top laborers appreciate the advantages. The arrangement in this
way proposes to guarantee the soundness of people working in spots like production lines, mines,
workplaces, ranches, jail, clinics, and different foundations, including chaotic segment, through
fitting workplace and utilization of present day word related wellbeing methods.

Techniques

Service of Health ought to give stewardship to co-ordinate human services exercises of different
organizations (e.g. industry, representative protection plans, NGOs, little scale ventures, and so
on) working for the mines, manufacturing plants, workplaces, ranches, jail, healing facilities,
different foundations including sloppy area, so as to enhance proficiency of the aggregate
framework

Guaranteeing satisfactory measures for avoidance of manmade calamities and readiness to meet
characteristic catastrophes.

VII. ENHANCING MENTAL HEALTH OF STATE CITIZENS

Madhya Pradesh is described by low salaries, high pervasiveness of transmittable infections and
lack of healthy sustenance, low future and a powerless general wellbeing framework. Emotional
wellness issues are frequently keep going on the rundown of needs in a state where mortality is
generally the consequence of irresistible infections and lack of healthy sustenance. Dismalness and
mortality from dysfunctional behavior get next to no consideration from the Government however
episodic experience appears to recommend that emotional instability trouble in the state is not low.
The region of emotional well-being is a critical territory which has been concentrated little and
proper administrations to advance psychological wellness have been even less in the state. The
strategy plans to deliver issues identified with psychological wellness, to perceive and decrease
the predominance of emotional sickness, and to give the best financially savvy care and backing
to patients with maladjustment in the state

Techniques

Setting up a summit organization of Mental Health in the State to give course to a general
psychological well-being project in the state as far as arrangement towards emotional well-being,
administrations and exploration. This establishment can be situated in the as of now underutilized
State Institute of Health Management and Communication, Gwalior and connected with the Mental
Hospital in Gwalior.

7. FINANCIAL FRAUDS IN THE STATE.

In the month of June 2016, the Securities and Exchange Board of India (Sebi) released the updated
list of companies against which it has passed orders for illegitimately raising funds through deemed
public issues. While the list includes names of 235 companies, the state-wise break up shows that
more than 50 per cent or 135 companies are from West Bengal. Madhya Pradesh and Odisha are
distant second and third position with 30 and 18 companies respectively from the states, according
to the list.

The action on a large number of companies across the country in the past three years highlights
the regulators attention to the magnitude of the issue and to the fact that numerous small investors
were duped. It also shows that the enormity of the menace is far more in West Bengal as it alone
accounts for around 58 per cent of the cases reported by SEBI and three states (WB, MP and
Odisha) account for almost 80 per cent of the cases, raises question marks on the state
governments role in curbing such practices.

Though the data only relates to the companies against which Sebi has taken action (and therefore
may not capture the entire spectrum of the issue), experts say that it is also a reflection of
governance within the states and is also reflects the kind of reach the formal financial system has
over its citizens. Also, the fact that there is low level of awareness about financial products and
their regulation in smaller towns and villages a result of low financial literacy leads to
proliferation of fraudulent deposit and ponzi schemes.
While SEBI has taken action against 235 companies till May 31, 2016, a majority of decisions
(231 out of 235) have been taken only in the last 33 months. In fact, after the Saradha Group
financial scandal, the Government of India formed an inter-ministerial group to close the loopholes
in the regulations that allow such pyramid schemes to operate. The Securities Law (Amendment)
Ordinance was promulgated first in July 2013 and was repromulgated in September 2013 and
March 2014. While the bill got cleared in August 2014, it gave Sebi more powers to crackdown
on fraudulent investment schemes and also power of search and seizure.

1. MAJOR FINANCIAL FRAUDS IN THE STATE

1. Vyapam Scam: What is it? Cheat sheet, Key Accused, Current State of Litigation.

Madhya Pradesh Professional Examination Board (MPPEB), also known by its Hindi name
Madhya Pradesh Vyavsayik Pareeksha Mandal (Vyapam) is a self-financed and an autonomous
body incorporated by the State government of Madhya Pradesh and was initially setup in 1970. It
is entrusted with the responsibility to conduct large-scale competitive tests for admission to various
professional courses and for recruitment to government jobs.
In 1970, Pre Medical Test Board, the name Vyapam was originally known by, established to
conduct the examination for entrance to medical colleges.
The scam involves massive corruption and irregularities in the entrance examination. More than
45 people related to the Vyapam scam have died after it hit the national headlines in 2013. This
includes witnesses, persons accused in the case and recently an AajTak journalist, Akshay Singh,
who was investigating the case. He died under mysterious circumstances.

Complaints surfaced regarding irregularities in the functioning of the Board in 2009 and after a
PIL was filed by Indore-based Anand Rai, the Madhya Pradesh CM formed a committee to
investigate the matter. After they released their report in 2011, police arrested several people. A
Special Task Force (STF) was soon established in 2012. By 2013, the scam had full-blown with
arrest of major politicians, including Madhya Pradesh's former education minister, Laxmikant
Sharma, MPPEB officials, middlemen and students.

Dr Anand Rai, the whistleblower has alleged that undeserving candidates received help through
illegal means in the entrance exams. He added that impersonators took the test on behalf of actual
candidates. In some cases, a person was strategically placed between two persons who let them
copy from their answer sheet and at other times, OMR sheets were randomly scored and later filled
accordingly by the Board officials.
The enormity of the Vyapam scam can be ascertained from the fact that more than 45 people have
died under mysterious circumstances. According to the Special Investigation Team set up by the
High Court, 32 of the scamsters have died in suspicious circumstances since 2012.

On 9 July, Supreme Court said that High Court will not intervene in the matter of Vyapam Cases.

Vyapam case remains in progress and each day unravels the rot that has set into our system. It is
the time that the nation acts together to clean up our institutions and restore integrity and probity,
as the cornerstones of those in offices. Will the nation stand up?

2. DMAT Scam: 7 Facts That Explains Everything About This Scam

After Vyapam Scam, Madhya Pradesh is hit once again by another scam, DMAT Scam A
scam which in exchange of money allowed candidates to get admissions in the Private
Medical colleges for both graduate and post graduate courses.

1. DMAT is a Dental Medical Admission Test examination in Madhya Pradesh where

thousands of students appear for graduate and post graduate Medical courses. It was started
in 2006 and in these nine years, every exam was a sham. The reason being, the admissions
were always rigged.
2. From the past 9 years, more than 1000 students (both graduate and post graduate) get into
private medical colleges after fixing their seat with the scammers involved in the DMAT
 Scam. This exam is conducted by APDMC The Association for Private Medical and
Dental Colleges.
3. According to the reports, these candidates paid anything between Rs. 15 Lakh to RS. 1
Crore to get their seats confirmed in various courses including MBBS, BDS Bachelor of
Dental Surgery and other PG courses. Thus, till now, nearly Rs.10,000 crore is believed to
be involved in this racket.
4. After Yogesh Uprit former director of MPPEB was arrested, he made a statement that the
modus operandi used for DMAT was same as that of Vyapam. The candidates who paid
the money were asked to leave the OMR sheets blank which was later filled with accurate
answers by the scammers.

5. The date of DMAT 2015 was June 21. However, Paras Saklecha, a former HC legislator
moved to HC after getting information and reports that things are still the same even after
detailed investigations into the Vyapam scam. Post this petition; the examination body
APDMC The Association for Private Medical and Dental Colleges cancelled the exam
and postponed it to July 12.
Next, the HC asked APDMC to install scanners at the centres of examination, making it
very clear that the scanned copies of the OMR sheets would be kept with several authorities
to match with the Original sheets before announcing the results. Post this verdict, the
APDMC further cancelled the July 12 exam three days before the day to an undisclosed
date. According to the petitioner, the association is trying to find a way out.
6. Ritu Verma, a Narsinghpur resident never got admissions in Medical colleges despite
getting good scores in her DMAT exam. This year too she is appearing for the exam. The
twist in the tale is that, this year she was approached by an agent who promised her 1strank
in DMAT provided she gives him a bribe of Rs. 52 Lakh. The conversation between Ritu
and the agent happened between June 24 and June 30. She has an audio tape of her
conversation.
7. The interrogation of Yogesh Uprit revealed that the beneficiary of this scam was not only
the common man who could pay hefty amount but also the relatives of several IAS, IPS
officers and even politicians. Arun Yadav, Congress President of Madhya Pradesh alleged
 that Shivraj Chauhans Jabalpur based Sister-in-Laws daughter too is one of the
beneficiary of DMAT scam

8. FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN MADHYA PRADESH

8.1. AN INTRODUCTION TO FDI IN MADHYA PRADESH: BUILDING STRONG ECONOMY

In the recent years the state's G.D.P. growth has been above the national average. The state is rich
in mineral resources and has the largest reserves of diamond and copper in India. More than 30%
of its area is under the forest cover.2 Its tourism industry has been considerable growth with the
state topping the National Tourism Awards in 2010-11 Madhya Pradesh has a strong economy.
The primary, secondary and tertiary sectors registered high growth rates of 8.75%, 11.1% and
10.08% of current prices during 2007-12 reported by M.P. Trade and Investment Facilitation
Corporation (TRIFAC) shows that this second largest state of India showed an impressive CAGR
of 12.7% during 2005-10. M.P. has registered an impressive growth rate over 10% in the last year
of 11thfive year plan and it is now counted among the fast developing state. Madhya Pradesh was
felicitated for achieving 18% agriculture growth rate.3 The organic farming is also being promoted
in the state. Stress is being laid on use of organic manure, which is beneficial for health. A number
of concrete steps, mainly feeder separation have been initiated to supply 24 hour power to formers.
Referring to recent Global Investment Summit at Indore MOU's worth Rs. 34 thousand crore have
been signed in the agriculture sector.

Table1: MOUs signed at Global Investment Summit

Source: Dept. of Industry and Commerce M.P

When it comes to national economy it includes the States economy too. State Government is also
free to attract FDI within the State. To attract foreign investment in MP, the State Government in

2
Land Use Statistics, Ministry of Agriculture, GOI, 2008-09.
3
Madhya Pradesh Development Report, Planning Commission of India (Academic Foundation, New Delhi).
association with FICCI, organized a Global Investors Summit in Bhopal on January 2007.4 "Today,
M.P. have investment proposals for more than Rs 1,00,000 crores for various sectors out of which
Rs 30,000 crores has already been invested in the State," Some Rs 20,000 crores is expected to be
invested in engineering sector and another Rs 34,000 crores in the power sector. Even the power
situation in the State is improving, 3,600 megawatts of projects are in the process of development
at various stages. As far as roads are concerned, in the last two years, the state has built up 17,000
km of roads and by 2008 and 40,000 kms of roads will be made in future. On its part, the Tourism
Ministry of the State is trying to develop M.P. as a religious tourism destination.

8.2. DETERMINANTS OF FDI

Factor Conditions

Dertermianatnts
of FDI

Demand Conditions Firm strategy

8.3.EMERGING SCENARIO OF FDI IN MADHYA PRADESH

Silver Springs', M.P's first FDI promoted US $ 180 Million Integrated Township project. This
township project accorded Mega status by the State Government is being jointly promoted by Fire
Capital Fund Pvt. Ltd., Real Estate Private Equity Fund and the M Jhaveri Group of Indore. Having
6 million square feet of residential and commercial space.

4
G. Suresh Babu, Prof. M. Raja Sekhar, Impact of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) In Indian Food Processing
Sector, Journal of Business and Management, (2015).
Indore would be developed as an international airport. For this State Govt. will get the approval of
Central Govt. for FDI very soon.

During the last 5 years FDI inflow of Rs.140 crore has been reported to the RBI office at Bhopal
against a total inflow of Rs.75,000 crore in the country, which is less than 0.2% of the national pie.
It is necessary that the positive features and competitive advantages of the State are shared with
investors in general and foreign investors in particular.

In order to make Bhopal a hub of investment, a Convention Centre would be set up there on the
lake shore and that a project report would be received shortly from the Infrastructure Leasing and
Finance Services (IL&FS). In order to speed up infrastructure development in the State, the sum
of Rs.14.35 crore had been sanctioned under the ASIDE (Assistance to States Infrastructure
Development) Scheme and of this; Rs.7.17 crore had already been released during the current
year.5

The Indore Special Economic Zone Indias first greenfield SEZ -- would receive all support
from Govt. side and the proposal to declare a Crystal IT Park at Indore as a product-specific SEZ
would be taken soon. The auto clusters had also been sanctioned for Pithampur under the Industrial
Infrastructure Up gradation Scheme, at a total cost of Rs.75 crore, of which the Central grant would
be Rs.50 crore. An Auto Testing Park facility would be set up near Indore and this facility had the
potential of being upgraded to a full-fledged racing track.6

Dewas Industrial Cluster had been declared as a Town of Excellence for pharmaceutical and four
Growth Centers at Chainpura (in Guna District), Ghirongi (in Bhind District), Kheda (in Dhar
District) and Satlapur (in Raisen District) had been sanctioned in Madhya Pradesh.

8.4. SECTORS FOR FDI IN MADHYA PRADESH

Following are the sectors in MP which may influence the Foreign Direct Investment:
1. Power
2. Infrastructure
3. Special Economic Zones.
4. Information Technology.

5
Mohammad Rais, Shatroopa Acharya, Neeraj Sharma, Food Processing Industry in India: S&T Capability, Skills
and Employment Opportunities,(2013)
6
Dr. Archana Sharma, Infrastructure and Economic Development of Madhya Pradesh (2008).
 5. Engineering and Electrical Engineering Industry.
6. Cement.
7. Gems and Jewellery.
8. Food, Agro processing and Herbal.
9. Auto Sector.
10. Textile.
MAJOR INVESTMENT PROPOSALS DURING (2006-2007)

Table 2: Foreign Direct Investment in various sectors (2006-07)

S.No. Sectors Amount (Rs. In Crore)

1 Power 48000
2. Engineering 4920
3. Infrastructure 4800
Total 57720
Source: Madhya Pradesh Trade & Investment Facilitation Corporation Ltd. (Trifac)

Table 3: Foreign Direct Investment in various sectors (2007-08)

S.N.O. Sectors Amount (Rs. In Crore)

1 Power 34000
2 Engineering 20000

3 Infrastructure 30000
Total 84000
Source: Madhya Pradesh Trade & Investment Facilitation Corporation Ltd. (Trifac)

8.5. IMPACT OF FDI: AN ANALYSIS OF RECEIVED FDI PROPOSALS IN THE YEAR 2006-2008
Table 2 shows the amount invested or proposed by foreign investors in various sectors i.e. power,
engineering and infrastructure and the amount of investment is Rs.48000 Crore, Rs. 4920 Crore
and Rs. 4800 crore respectively. Table 3 shows the amount invested or proposed by foreign
investors in various sectors i.e. power, engineering and infrastructure and the amount of investment
is Rs.34000 Crore, Rs. 20000 Crore and Rs. 30000 crore respectively. The quantum of FDI in
power sector has decreased while other two sectors i.e. engineering and infrastructure added the
growth of FDI during the year 2007-08. The amount of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) during
the year 2006-07 was Rs. 57720 crore and during the year 2007-08 was Rs. 84,000 crore. In various
sectors. Foreign investors shown their interest in the engineering and infrastructure sector and they
have propose to invest in these areas, as far as infrastructure is concerned MPs first FDI promoted
US $ 180 million Integrated Township Project.

8.5. GROWTH IN FURTHER FDI INFLOWS IN MADHYA PRADESH {TILL YEAR 2012}
1. According to the department of industry policy and promotion, the cumulative FDI inflows
from April 2000 to Jan 2012 amounted to US $ 768 million.
2. In 2011-12, the outstanding investment in the state was US $ 461.3 million.
Of the total outstanding investment, the electricity sector accounted for around 56.7%
followed by manufacturing sector (19.3%) and service sector 10.1%.

Table 4: Inflows of FDI in different Sector

In Conclusion, Indian Economy is depend on the Power, Infrastructure, Engineering and Service
sectors. There are no two opinions about the fact that every investor wants to invest into those
areas which are potential. Till the date FDI is mostly in long gestation projects, having constant
growth and return. Presently the world economy is not stable still there is a lot of opportunities to
foreign investors in the State of Madhya Pradesh.
The States are becoming increasingly interested in attracting both expedite their decision making
process, especially for provision of land, electricity, water and other infrastructural services to
investors. Maharashtra and Gujarat account for 37 percent or more of total investment proposals,
while Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Orissa, Rajasthan and Utter Pradesh taken together, were able to
attract only 26 percent of investment proposals. Madhya Pradesh has much more to offer in terms
of facilities for setting up industrial units than other States like Maharashtra, Gujarat and Karnataka
as these States have already reached the saturation point on the industrial front. Ministers and
official of State Government must try to influence the foreign nations or foreign investors
whenever they are on their official foreign tour. Madhya Pradesh has Agricultural Resources and
foremost producer of oilseeds, 60% of Indias soybean production, food grains, oilseeds and pulses
are in MP only. State Government should try to raise FDI in agriculture sector too.
New Industrial Policy 2004 is responsible for generating an atmosphere of confidence in industry.
This is a new Madhya Pradesh, which truly means "Business". Whether in the field of
infrastructure or manufacturing or the service sector, fresh investments are pouring into Madhya
Pradesh so State Govt. should offer incentives and conducive environment to facilitate fresh
investments.
Instead of less growth in State of M.P. foreign investors have shown their interest for investment.
Madhya Pradesh is having so many proposals pending with it and soon it will take effect. State
will contribute in economic growth of the nation to attract foreign direct investment, the State
Government in association with FICCI, has organized a Global Investors Summit in Bhopal and
Investors Meet in Gwalior, in the year 2007 and 2008 respectively which were the sign of State
Economic Development.
Madhya Pradesh has registered an impressive growth rate of over 10% in the last year of 11thfive
year plan, which is more than the national average. M.P. was felicitated for achieving 18%
agriculture growth rate. Madhya Pradesh once counted the BIMARU states is now counted among
the developing state of country due to good infrastructure and industrial promotion policy. Its
tourism industry has been considerable growth with the state topping the National Tourism Awards
in 2010-11.
9. STATE OF ECONOMY REPORT

The state of Madhya Pradesh is located in Central India. It is the second largest state of India in
terms of size. Its economy is largely based on agriculture, forest products, industries, mineral
resources, and cottage industry sectors. More than 80% of the people of this state depend on the
agricultural sector for their livelihood and this sector contributes around 46% to the state's
economy. The Economy in the state of M.P. also gets its revenue from the forest products sector
as the state has a forest cover of around 1.7 million hectares. The various kinds of forest products
available in the state of Madhya Pradesh are teak wood, Sal wood, and bamboos. The industrial
sector also contributes around 26% to the States economy. The main industries in the state are of
telecommunication, information technology, automobiles and electronics. The state is also rich in
natural resources - fuels, minerals, agriculture and biodiversity and represents 8.3 per cent of the
country's coal reserves. It has 218.04 billion cubic meters (BCM) of estimated coal-bed methane
reserves. The state also has the largest reserves of diamond and copper in India, apart from
significant reserves of limestone, manganese and dolomite.The 4 main districts of M.P. which
substantially contribute to its economy are Bhopal (capital city), Gwalior, Indore (Commercial
capital of M.P.) and Jabalpur.

The economy of Madhya Pradesh, was considered to be one of the most sick economies of India
till 2003. However after 2005, it registered consistent growth rate and reached Indias top most
state in terms of GDP growth, with a rate of 12% GDP for annual year 2011-12.At current prices,
the gross state domestic product (GSDP) of Madhya Pradesh for 2014-15 was US$ 84.27 billion.
Between 2004-05 and 2014-15, the CAGR for GSDP was 12.83 per cent.

Due to its centralized location, Madhya Pradesh has excellent connectivity to several parts of India.
Many FMCG (Fast Moving Consumer Goods) companies have moved their warehouses here to
save on logistics expenses.

There are 11 agro-climatic conditions and a variety of soils available in the state to support
cultivation of a wide range of crops. With around 33 per cent of the region under forests, Madhya
Pradesh has an enormous potential for drug, wood and agro based commercial enterprises. Ideal
soil and climatic conditions have made it a primary producer of coarse cereals, oilseeds and
soybean in India.

The state of M.P offers distinctive monetary and strategy/policy incentives for organizations under
the Industrial Promotion Policy-2010 & Action Plan, other than strategies/ policies for IT,
biotechnology, tourism and SEZs (Special Economic Zones). To pull in investors and promote
entrepreneurs, the state government has selected Trade and Investment Facilitation Corporation
Limited (TRIFAC), an agency that encourages a single window system, for speedy approvals of
different clearances and consents. Madhya Pradesh stands 5th among Indian states in rankings
based on ease of doing business and reforms implementation, according to a study by the World
Bank and KPMG.

The state government has made some well-planned infrastructure investments for roads and
railroad systems. Government offers various subsidies under Industrial Investment Promotion
Assistance (IIPA) under 2014 Schemes for investment in development of road, electrification,
water, industrial parks, etc. Other notable recent developments that have taken place in the state
are as follows:

Hindustan Coca-Cola Beverages plans to set up a bottling plant with an investment of Rs

750 crore (US$ 110.9 million) in phases at the first industrial area being developed by
Government of Madhya Pradesh under the public private partnership.

The Government of Madhya Pradesh has proposed Rs 1,656 crore (US$ 251.6 million) in
State Annual Action Plan (SAAP) to improve water supply and sewerage network services
in 32 cities and towns under the Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and Urban Transformation
(AMRUT).

The Madhya Pradesh government have obtained consent for getting Rs 120 million (US$
1.76 billion) foreign loan from Japan for its ambitious Bhopal and Indore Metro rail
projects.

The following table provides a comprehensive understanding of the various economic indicators
of the State, and its contribution and relation to those of the country as a whole:

ECONOMIC INDICATORS 2009-10 2009-10

1 Net Domestic Product (at factor cost) (Rs Crore)

(For State)
1,39,300 44,93,743
Net Domestic Product (at Factor Cost) (Rs Crore) (for
India)
 2 Contribution of Agriculture to NSDP/GDP (%) 26.50 14.62

3 Contribution of Industry to NSDP/GDP (%) 15.87 20.16

4 Contribution of Services to NSDP/GDP (%) 57.63 65.22

5 Per Capita Net State Domestic Product (factor cost)

(Rs) (For State)
19,736 33,731
Per Capita Net National Product (factor cost) (Rs) (For
India)

6 NDP Growth rate (%) (for State) 8.22 8

GDP Growth Rate (%) (For India)

The State of Madhya Pradesh received an award from Hon'ble President of India - Shri Pranab
Mukharjee, in January 2013 for improving its tourism, medical and infrastructural growth. After
Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh is now the second preferred state for the corporate world to get their
industries set up.

Thus we can say that the economy of Madhya Pradesh has grown rapidly overtime due to the
contribution of many sectors. To ensure that the economy of the state continues to grow, the
Madhya Pradesh government must give boost to the sectors that contribute to its growth.

10. TRADE BALANCE IN THE STATE OF M.P.

The balance of trade (BOT) is the difference between a country's imports and its exports for a
given time period. The balance of trade is the largest component of the country's balance of
payments (BOP).

Considering the trade balance in M.P., the major exports from the state include agro based
products. Other than this, a few industrial products and mineral resources also contribute to the
trade balance of the state.
In December 2014, Madhya Pradesh had a debt of Rs 95,000 crore and it was estimated that it was
likely to touch Rs 1 lakh crore by the end of the financial year 2014-15. The same was reported by
State Finance Minister Jayant Mallaiya.

The government, through its research, stated that in 2003-04, Madhya Pradesh had a debt burden
of Rs 35,000 crore and now it had reached Rs 95,000 crore. During 2003-2014, though the state
borrowed Rs 60,000 crore, it spent Rs 1.20 lakh crore on construction of roads, canals, dams,
power generation, drinking water and hospital buildings, among other things.

About increase in VAT on petrol and diesel despite the Centre reducing the fuel prices, the minister
said situation in every state was not same, and even Rajasthan had increased the VAT while
Gujarat was contemplating a hike too.

On Goods and Services Tax (GST), the minister said the Union Finance Minister Arun Jaitley had
assured that after its implementation, if there was a shortfall in the state's revenue the Centre would
compensate it. He termed the financial situation of Madhya Pradesh as "quite good", and added
that not a single bill was pending for payment. During the 11th plan (2007-12), the state's
economic growth rate was 9.94 per cent while in 2013-14 it had already crossed 11.08 per cent, he
said. Master plan for 50,982 villages had already been prepared by taking into account local
populations' priorities.

11. TOURISM POTENTIAL OF MADHYA PRADESH

Madhya Pradesh is known as the Heart of India due to its area in the focal point of the nation. It has been
home to the social legacy of Hinduism, Islam, Buddhism, Jainism and so forth. Incalculable landmarks,
however impeccably cut sanctuaries, stupas, strongholds and castles are specked everywhere throughout
the state. Madhya Pradesh was honored the Best Tourism State Award in 2012.Tourism is the travel for
recreational (fun), leisure (rest), family or business purposes, usually of a limited duration.

Madhya Pradesh The Very Heart of India It covers a territory of 4,43,406 sq. km, making it the greatest
State in the nation, The condition of Madhya Pradesh is known as 'the heart of Incredible India'. With 9
national parks, 25 havens and 3 UNESCO World Heritage Sites, the State is home to a rich social legacy;
countless landmarks, huge level, mountain extents, waterways and miles of thick woodlands offering an
unparalleled display of natural life Percentage of visitors going to Madhya Pradesh.

Madhya Pradesh (MP), is quickly turning into a favored vacationer destination in India, on account of the
state's rich social legacy and a stamped change in framework. Be that as it may, all the more noticeably, the
expanding fame of the state among both household and remote voyagers is because of its one of a kind
limited time battles in the print, sound and visual media. The famous tourism promotion crusades
successfully showcases MP as a spot with a blend of tourism open doors that extent from experience,
religious, provincial, and ecotourism. As indicated by the Ministry of Tourism, remote travelers entries in
MP were recorded at two lakh in 2009 and this number went up to 2.7 lakh in 2011, denoting a yearly
development of more than 16 percent.

WORLD HERITAGE SITES

Despite the fact that the present day condition of Madhya Pradesh appeared in 1956, its social legacy is old
and checkered. Endless landmarks, flawlessly cut sanctuaries, stupas, posts and royal residences on ridges,
bring up in the guests mind dreams of realms and kingdoms, of the colossal warriors and developers, artists
and performers, holy people and logicians; of Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism and Islam. The well known
Sanskrit artist screenwriter Kalidasa and the immense artist of the Mughal court, Tansen were from Madhya
Pradesh. They are known everywhere throughout the world. Three sites in Madhya Pradesh have been
declared World Heritage sites by UNESCO:1)The Khajuraho Group of Monuments (1986), 2)Buddhist
Monuments at Sanchi (1989), 3)The Rock Shelters of Bhimbetka (2003).

MP: Tourism Haven of India

MP has a rich cultural heritage, various religious spots along with the vast forest area and other
scenic places makes it an ideal tourist destination that could cater tovarious interests of tourists.

The tourism sector in MP is gradually gaining grounds and has been identified asone of the Growth
Engines of MP by the State Government.

Heritage sites such as Sanchi Stupa and Bhimbeteka are included in Unescos World Heritage Sites.

MPs tourism sector is dominated by the domestic tourism with approximately 12 million tourists
arrival in 20015-16 and is ranked among top ten States for domestic tourist visits. The foreign tourist
arrivals were relatively less amounting to mere 1 million.

However, the trend in tourism industry of the State is positive and the sector is observing year on
year growth in both domestic as well as foreign tourist arrivals

Pilgrim centres account for the major portion of the domestic tourist traffic whereas places such as
Khajuraho, Orchha and Gwalior attract a maximum number of foreign tourists.
 In an effort to boost tourism sector in MP, the State Government has sanctioned USD 16 million for
development of 24 tourist spots across the State. Further, the Government is also making efforts to
improve air connectivity to other states.

The State has taken initiatives to promote Eco & Adventure Tourism and is keen on promoting
Medical/ Herbal tourism in association with private parties. Domestic Tourists Arrival in MP
Foreign Tourists Arrival in MP (In 2012) Very high increase due to Maha Kumbh Mela (once in 3
years) Source: MP Tourism Development Corporation Overview:

MP: An Investment Destination

Concessions in taxes shall be given to any heritage hotel project regardless of quantum of
investment.

Full exemption from Luxury Tax

Full exemption from Entertainment Tax

Either 20% of total project cost or USD 44,444 whichever is less would be given as capital
investment subsidy for conversion of a heritage property into a heritage hotel.

Interest subsidy shall be given in favor of the owner of heritage hotel for the loan obtained for the
development of the heritage hotel.

5% for projects up to USD 0.33 mn

3% for the projects between USD 0.33 to USD 1.11 mn

Investments proposed for creating captive energy sources including non-conventional energy
sources, sanctioned by the financial institutions as part of the overall project outlay shall be eligible
for capital investment subsidy of 20%.

Heritage hotels established in rural areas shall get 50% exemption in stipulated license fee for F.L.-
3 license for selling Indian Manufactured Foreign Liquor within their premises.

Full exemption in transport tax shall be given for five years to the vehicles used by the heritage
hotel for providing transfer services.

Concession in stamp duty for purchase of land and building for development of heritage hotel
would be given within the following limits

50% exemption in urban areas

 100% exemption in rural areas Special policies and incentives are offered for promoting Heritage
Tourism. Incentives for Heritage Tourism Conversion of heritage wealth of MP to generate
economic benefit Heritage Hotels Heritage Village

NATIONAL PARKS

Kanha National Park

Satpura National Park

Sanjay National Park

Madhav National Park

Mandla Plant Fossils National Park

Panna National Park

Pench National Park, Madhya Pradesh

Madhya Pradesh Tourism Development Corporation (MPTDC)

MPTDC in the recent years has taken a multipronged strategy towards improving tourism in Madhya
Pradesh. On one hand, the corporation has focused upon building tourism infrastructure in the state and
increasing tourism products; on the other hand, it has put a lot of effort into marketing the state to provide
the much required visibility, both nationally and internationally, as a potential tourist destination. Over the
last couple of years, however, the corporation has undertaken a number of initiatives to promote tourism,
which includes production and showing of national and international films of tourist locations in the state.
These films have been credited as being of particularly good quality and showcase the states attractions
well. The corporation is also in the process of attracting private investments under the public-private
partnership model. The corporation has earned the revenue of Rs. 35.11 crore in 2006-07 which is 51.93
per cent higher than the previous year. While MPTDC is directly responsible for promotion of tourism in
the state, there are in fact some other agencies, which have played and have the capacity to play a significant
role in tourism promotion in the state. We briefly mention them and their roles here.

Heritage and Culture Tourism

Heritage and Culture tourism began to be recognized as a distinct tourism product category in the late 1970s,
with the realization that a large number of people travel specifically to gain a better understanding of the
culture or heritage of a destination. Nearly 40% of international travelers are now considered cultural
tourists, who visit destinations based on cultural heritage of a place rural, ethnic and spiritual, factors.
There is a growing need to recognize culture and heritage tourism as a specialized sector of tourism to
develop this product for improving tourist traffic both indigenously and internationally.

Heritage Tourism

Conduct Tourism Impact Assessment studies under multi-disciplinary agencies to assess the socio-cultural,
economic and political impact of tourism on the heritage site as well as the host community. Visitor surveys
to be conducted and compiled with other tourist data already available with the tourism or state agencies.
Surveys should contain information like Visitor profile; Details of the visit; Time spent on site; Areas
visited; Expenditure; Decision-making in choosing the site; Effectiveness of advertising; Main reason for
visit; Rating of quality of information; Ease of moving about; Opinions about the site;
Entertainment/educational value; Overall satisfaction; Suggestions for changes/improvements.

Culture Tourism

The State Governments alone cannot develop the heritage tourist circuits and there is a need to improve
partnerships with the private sector by implementing the announced incentives and bringing synergy in
inter-sectoral policies. Though tourism has been declared an industry, it has not received the facilities and
incentives otherwise available to an Industry. For conservation and restoration of heritage sites for tourism,
the private sector should be nominated to provide funding through the national culture fund, which will also
enable them to get 100% tax relief.

Tourist Arrival in Madhya Pradesh

 12 STATE OF INDUSTRY IN MADHYA PRADESH
Madhya Pradesh, the second largest Indian state, is endowed with rich natural resources, salubrious
climate and fertile agro-climatic conditions. In the recent years, Indian economy has changed
substantially. Market forces have begun to dictate investment flows across the industrial sectors.
Accelerating investments in industrial development for economic growth is one of the major focus
areas for Madhya Pradesh. Today, Madhya Pradesh is one of the fastest growing states in India,
backed by an impressive annual growth rate of 11.98% during 2011-12. In Madhya Pradesh,
investors have better options in terms of project location, infrastructure, incentives and other
facilities. At present the state has prospective investment proposals of more than US$ 104 billion
under various stages of consideration. Industry in Madhya Pradesh is largely natural resources
driven. It has abundant natural wealth in the form of limestone, coal, oilseeds, pulses, bauxite, iron
ore, diamond, copper ore, manganese ore, rock sulphate, silica, soya, cotton and so on. The state
has a strong industrial base in sectors like Textile, cement, steel, food processing, automobile and
auto components, pharma and optical fibre. Madhya Pradesh is rich in resources to attract
investment in the state. The Government is constantly improving the business environment through
progressive policies and proactive measures. The State Government is organizing National &
International Investors Meet to create awareness among the investors about resources of the
Madhya Pradesh & opportunities of investment. With a sharp focus on judicious use of its
resources and by creating a facilitative atmosphere for investors, Madhya Pradesh hopes to become
one of the most favored destination for the industrial community very soon. Until 2005, there was
only one S&P CNX 500 conglomerate with its corporate office in Madhya Pradesh viz. Ruchi Soya
Industries (2005 gross income Rs 49,661 million). Now there are many big industries having their
base in the state. State-run NTPC will invest about Rs 20,000 crore to set up a 3,960-megawatt
(Mw) coal-based power project in Madhya Pradesh. NTPC had signed a memorandum of
understanding with the state government and MP Power Trading Company regarding this. Due to
its centralized location, Madhya Pradesh has excellent connectivity to several parts of India. Many
FMCG companies have moved their warehouses here to save on logistics expenses.

Madhya Pradesh has 6 Ordnance Factories, 4 of which are located at Jabalpur (Vehicle
Factory, Grey Iron Foundry, Gun Carriage Factory, Ordnance Factory Khamaria) and one each at
Katni and Itarsi. The factories are run by the Ordnance Factories Board, and manufacture a variety
of products for the Indian Armed Forces

Madhya Pradesh offers distinctive monetary and strategy/policy incentives for organisations under
the Industrial Promotion Policy-2010 & Action Plan, other than strategies/ policies for IT,
biotechnology, tourism and SEZs. To pull in investors and promote entrepreneurs, the state
government has selected TRIFAC, an agency that encourages a single window system, for speedy
approvals of different clearances and consents. Madhya Pradesh stands 5th among Indian states in
rankings based on ease of doing business and reforms implementation, according to a study by the
World Bank and KPMG.

The state government has made some well-planned infrastructure investments for roads and
railroad systems. Government offers various subsidies under Industrial Investment Promotion
Assistance (IIPA) under 2014 Schemes for investment in development of road, electrification,
water, industrial parks, etc.

Contribution of industrial sector of Madhya Pradesh to GDP:

Approximate contribution of manufacturing industry to GDP is 12%

Approximate recent growth of manufacturing GDP is 10%

Recent Developments:

Hindustan Coca-Cola Beverages plans to set up a bottling plant with an investment of Rs 750 crore
(US$ 110.9 million) in phases at the first industrial area being developed by Government of
Madhya Pradesh under the public private partnership.
The Government of Madhya Pradesh has proposed Rs 1,656 crore (US$ 251.6 million) in State
Annual Action Plan (SAAP) to improve water supply and sewerage network services in 32 cities
and towns under the Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and Urban Transformation (AMRUT).

The Madhya Pradesh government have obtained consent for getting Rs 120 million (US$ 1.76
billion) foreign loan from Japan for its ambitious Bhopal and Indore Metro rail projects.

Industry Facilitation

Madhya Pradesh is fast emerging as new destination for industries with following facilitation:-

Creation of Industry - friendly administration and an incisive industrial promotion policy.

The state provides a facilitative environment for the development of small, medium and
cottage enterprises.

It has Special Economic Zones.

Ensures reliable power to the industries.

Air connectivity with major industrial towns available.

Special package of incentives for Mega Investment Projects, with investment above Rs.
25 Crores.

Assistance for setting up of Industrial Parks.

Concessions for Tourism Projects.

Single table clearance for mega projects through project clearance Implementation Board
(PCIB). Projects worth aprox. Rs. 2, 64,129 Crores facilitated.

BREAK UP OF STATE GOVERNMENT RECEIPTS

State and local governments tend to obtain the largest portion of tax revenues from property taxes
and sales and gross receipts taxes. Another large source of revenue is individual income taxes.

13 TAX AND NON-TAX REVENUE RECEIPTS

The term Revenue Receipt is made up of two words revenue and receipts. Any income that does
not generate a liability is revenue. For example, if the Government borrows money from World
Bank, it will increase its liabilities (because this money has to be paid back)- so cannot be called
revenue. However, if the government gets the same money has grant (donation), its revenue receipt
because grants are not to be paid back. Taxes are the most important revenues receipts of the
governments. However, some revenue receipts are non-tax revenues such as grants. On this basis,
revenue receipts are of two types viz. Tax Revenue and Non-tax revenue.

TAX REVENUES

Tax revenues are either from direct taxes or indirect taxes. Direct tax generally means a tax paid
directly to the government by the persons on whom it is imposed. Income Tax, Gift Tax, Wealth
Tax and Property tax etc. are direct taxes. Indirect tax is a tax collected by an intermediary (such
as a retail store) from the person who bears the ultimate economic burden of the tax (such as the
consumer). Sales tax, Value Added Tax (VAT), Goods and Services tax (GST) or any other such
tax is an indirect tax. Largest chunk of tax revenues of government of India currently comes from
Corporation Tax, followed by Income Tax, followed by Union Excise duties, customs and
thereafter service tax. The collection of service taxes is increasing over the last years. The amount
collected under Direct Taxes (Corporate/ Income/ wealth) is larger than that under Indirect taxes.

NON TAX REVENUE RECEIPTS

Non-Tax Revenue Non Tax Revenue Receipts are those revenue receipts which are not
generated by taxing the public. Money which the Government earn s as Dividends and profits
from its profit making public enterprises (PSUs). Interest which the Government earns on the
money lent by it to external or internal borrowers. Thus this revenue receipts may be in foreign
currency as well as Indian Rupees. The money which the government receives out of its fiscal
services such as stamp printing, currency printing, medal printing etc. Money which the
Government earns from its General Services such as power distribution, irrigation, banking
services, insurance, and community services etc. which make the part of the Government
business. Money which the government accrues as fees, fines, penalties etc. Grants the
Government of India receives from the external sources. In case of the state Governments, it may
be the internal grant from the central Government. In recent times, spectrum auctions have been
one of the major sources of non-tax revenues for the government. We note here, that despite it
looks that spectrum amount should be a capital receipt, it is shown as a non-tax revenue receipt
in budget documents as one time spectrum charges levied on telecom players.
RECEIPTS IN 2016-17

The total revenue receipts for the State of Madhya Pradesh in 2016-17 are estimated to be Rs
1,26,095 crore. The tax to GSDP ratio is targeted at 6.52% in 2016-17, compared to 6.74% in the
revised estimates of 2015-16.

Tax revenue is expected to increase by 13.7% (or Rs 5,590 crore) in 2016-17 over the revised
estimates of 2015-16. Non-tax revenue is estimated to increase by 18.3% (or Rs 1,774 crore) in
2016-17.

Grants from the centre are set to increase by Rs 3,630 crore, to Rs 24,437 crore in 2016-17. The
other component of transfers from the centre, which is the states share in central taxes, is estimated
to increase by Rs 3,971 crore, to Rs 43,676 crore in 2016-17.

BREAK UP OF STATE GOVERNMENT RECEIPTS

14 HUMAN DEVELOPMENT IN THE STATE OF MADHYA PRADESH

Human development is all about expanding the real freedoms that people enjoy (Sen, 1999). It
contrasts with the traditional narrow view of development such as identifying development with
the growth of per capita income. The focus of human development is on the removal of major
forces of unfreedom, the most important of which are poverty, systematic social deprivation and
neglect of public services. Freedoms that people enjoy are not only the primary ends of
development, they are also among its principal means. Human, development, therefore, is the
central objective of all human activity.

The capability approach helps in understanding development outcomes as they are concerned with
what people are capable of doing and being (functioning). Functioning are ends of human life. In
the context of the capabilities approach, the process of human development is related to: 1)
formation or expansion of human capabilities or functioning; and 2) creating opportunities so that
people can use the capabilities that they already have or freedoms.

It may be emphasised here that both capability approach and human development are directed
towards the people. This means that the population stock (the size and structure of the population)
has a relevance to the human development processes and the human development processes have
implications to the population stock.

Centrally located, Madhya Pradesh (MP) is also known as the heart of India. Spread across an area
of 308,000 sq km, MP is the second largest state of the country and ninth largest economy in India.
The state is endowed with vast natural resources like forests, minerals, rare and valuable herbs and
medicinal plants and eight important rivers flowing across the state. MP is the largest producer of
oilseeds and pulses, garlic and coriander in the country. Low cost of basic infrastructure and
availability of skilled manpower and cheap unskilled labour further paved the way for expanding
existing industrial base to greater extent. Its rich cultural heritage and comparatively peaceful law
and order situation, coupled with good connectivity with neighbouring states leverage the state as
one of the emerging economy with high potential.

Trend analysis for the newly formed Madhya Pradesh indicates that the state is trying hard to lift
its economy to more developing strides and to come out of the BIMARU bracket. Fiscal scenario
of the state has shown significant improvement on one hand, thereby transforming the states
economy from revenue deficit to revenue surplus state. Such fiscal discipline has multiplier effect
on the various components of the economy to develop and expand further. Sectoral composition
clearly shows that the economy of the state is gradually shifting from the primary sector to
secondary and tertiary sectors. But one has to be cautious as the states GDP is highly sensitive to
growth in agriculture sector. Hence, proper attention must be given to this sector as it has the
potential to boost both industry and service sector through direct and indirect ways.
Latest achievements of the state include infrastructure development in terms of physical
connectivity and ICT, increased literacy, enrolment and access to schooling, promoting the
thriving sectors like tourism and industry and initiating public-private partnership (PPP) for raising
assets with minimum debt burden.

On the other hand, the states performance on basic human development indicators and other
developmental indicators is not impressive, and many a times fall far below the set standards or
national average. The following key areas are still the cause of great concerns if the state has to
pursue balanced and equitable socioeconomic development which includes health and nutrition
specifically for women and children, access to safe drinking water and sanitation, housing and
availability of electricity, financial inclusion of marginalised sections and productivity of
agricultural crops and high poverty ratio.

Thus, the state has to put forth the strategic efforts in improving the current pace of providing
health services, quality of primary education and higher education, non-farm income and
employment generation opportunities, and reducing exploitation of natural resources for sustained
growth. This is of an immense importance in light of the fact that nearly 35 per cent of the states
population belongs to Dalit and tribal communities, 38.3 per cent population is living below
poverty line. Since these marginalised sections are highly dependent on the state government for
survival, hence the responsibility of the upliftment of these sections lies primarily with the state
government only.

It is essential for the state to have balanced development on the fronts of economic indicators and
social indicators. Favour of any one side may result into large scale disparity in the overall
development of the state and will have farthest consequences in the lives of its citizens.

Madhya Pradesh is one of the few states in India which have been able to improve their rank vis-
a-vis other states of the country. In 2001 the state was ranked amongst the five poorest states of
the country in terms of the human development as measured by the human development index.
Madhy

a
Pradesh was the first state of India to bring out the human development report specific to the state
way back in 1995 (Government of Madhya Pradesh, 1995). Since then, the state has prepared
human development report in 1998, 2002 and 2007 to chart the progress, to highlight the challenge
of human development being faced by the state and to emphasise that Madhya Pradesh requires a
holistic approach to addressing human development issues and concerns facing the people. These
reports underline the agenda to break the vicious cycle of poor economic and human development
in the state and to move towards a virtuous cycle of accelerated economic development and human
progress.

These reports also highlight some very strong, within state, inter-district diversity in different
dimensions of human development that have persisted over time. This diversity is the result of
both inter-district variations in the key dimensions of human development and inter-district
diversity in the population structure by social class across the districts.

The key message that emanates out of these reports is that reducing inter-district disparities in
human development can contribute significantly to accelerating the pace of human development
in the state.

The focus on inter-district, social class and rural-urban disparitiesis necessary as in almost all
aspects of life in Madhya Pradesh theses disparities are perhaps the widest in India and the
available evidence suggests that these disparities appear to have increased in recent years. Madhya
Pradesh has attempted to address the disparities in human development and in population transition
through a decentralised population and development planning approach but the effectiveness of
such an approach is hampered by the lack of understanding about issues and concerns related to
human development and population transition, particularly at the local level.

In conclusion, the highlights are, the unsatisfactory human development situation and slow pace
of population transition in Madhya Pradesh. The state appears to lack the minimum threshold of
development that is necessary to hastening the pace of population transition. At the same time, it
appears that the slow pace of population transition in the state has some serious implications to
human development processes. Integration of the programmes and interventions directed towards
hastening the pace of population transition with human development processes appear necessary
for improving the quality of life of the people of the state. The economy of the state needs
revitalisation to generate resources necessary for investments in such critical areas of human
development as health and education. An accelerated progress in human development is necessary
to create necessary threshold for hastening the pace of population transition. Population transition,
in turn will have implications for human development processes. Another imperative for Madhya
Pradesh is to create, strengthen and sustain institutions for capacity building. Capacity building is
critical to both human development and population transition.

A major limitation of understanding human development concerns and population transition issues
and the inter-linkages between the two in Madhya Pradesh is the availability of the information
necessary for the analysis of the multidimensional nature of human development as well as the
multidimensional nature of population transition.

15. PPP PROJECTS IN MADHYA PRADESH A HIGHLIGHT

In the state of Madhya Pradesh, the Directorate of Institutional Finance (DIF) has been created
which acts as the nodal agency for public private partnership projects. Under DIF, a PPP cell has
been created constituting a state level committee for PPP projects which is headed by Chief
Secretary, Government of Madhya Pradesh.

The start of PPP Projects in MP was with a road sector project in 1992 which was initiated by MP
Bridge Corporation. By May 2011, there were 88 projects that had been taken up in MP with a
valuation of more than Rs. 13,800 crores. Considering the infrastructure deficit in MP, most of the
projects involved and still involve the road and highway sectors and this sector holds 50 per cent
of the gross value of PPP projects in Madhya Pradesh. As per records, the road sector has seen the
completion of PPP Projects worth more than Rs. 1800 crores. On the other hand, the other sectors
have seen PPP Projects worth less than Rs. 5 crores. Under construction are PPP Projects with a
valuation of more than Rs. 4600 crores with other sectors seeing PPP Projects valuing more than
Rs. 7300 crores under construction.

Another thing to be noticed is that 25 per cent of the total value is taken up by 5 projects in health
and sports sectors collectively. Sports City in Bhopal and Medical Hub at Tigaria Badshah are two
major projects that shall cost a total of Rs. 2900 crores. Out of the 88 projects that had been
undertaken, only 16 had been completed as of May 2011 of which 14 were road sector projects

.
As far as the urban sector is concerned, a number of PPP projects remain in the pipeline stage.
Most of these projects remain unattractive for private sector and there is often no response from
bidders on these projects. Out of the many, two completed urban projects are Bus stops for city
service and public toilets in Bhopal. Multi-level parking and FOBs in Indore are the two which are
under construction. Following shows the status for urban sector projects.
The following shows the comprehensive summary report of PPP Projects as in June 2016
 16.LEGAL ISSUES OF THE STATE

Corruption in judiciary: Like any other institution of the Government, the madhya pradesh
judicial system is equally corrupted. The various recent scams like the Vyapam, DMATscam,,
including rapes and other atrocities in the society etc. have emphasised both the conduct of
politicians and public dignitaries, including the common man, and also on the drawbacks in the
functioning of madhya pradesh's judiciary. There is no system of accountability. The media also
do not give a clear picture on account of the fear of contempt. There is no provision for registering
an FIR against a judge taking bribes without taking the permission of the justice of madhya pradesh
high court.Impact of Judicial corruption is seen in delays in processes , and during the long process
, many influential accused manage to make the witnesses hostile .Unlike Other Govt Officers ,
Judges have to be very careful in accepting bribes and there are several middlemen involved. There
are many such cases its just general public is unaware because elite of India love corrupt judges as
they can bribe them. Remember Due to one wrong case(which wasnt wrong decision) Jury Law
was abolished in India. This law exists in almost all developed countries. Benefits of Jury law are
that Elite cant influence the Jury as they are changed in every case and old Jury members doesnt
become part of Jury until next 10 years. corruption is on levels/ post oriented in the judiciary
system. Ignorance of the person as well the knowledge of the person is the reason behind
corruption and biggest issue is the liberty given to the caretakers of Law..

Backlog of pending cases: madhya pradesh's legal system has four million High Court casesas
backlog .. This number is continuously increasing and this itself shows the inadequacy of the legal
system. It has always been discussed to increase the number of judges, creating more courts, but
implementation is always late or inadequate. The victims are the ordinary or poor people, while
the rich can afford expensive lawyers and change the course of dispensation of the law in their
favour. This also creates a big blockade for international investors and corporations to do business
in India. And also due to this backlog, most of the prisoners in Madhya Pradesh's prisons are
detainees awaiting trial. The constitutional irony lay in the claim that our democracy has intrinsic
checks and balances in terms of its three independent pillars, that is, the legislature, executive and
judiciary. The legislature and executive actually have never been separate. While they collapse
formally into each other at the level of ministers who head the executive, this can be seen to cascade
down the governance structure to the panchayat level. The executive has always been subservient
to the politicians. As a matter of fact, politicians, irrespective of being in power or not, conduct
themselves with this assumption. Thus, structurally or in process, the bureaucracy has never been
independent of the legislature.s and lower courts up to the year ending 2013 showed a pendency
of 44.5 lakh and a whopping 2.6 crore cases, respectively. are undertrials, who are confined to the
jails till their case comes to a definite conclusion. In most of the cases, they end up spending more
time in the jail than the actual term that might have had been awarded to them had the case been
decided on time and, assuming, against them. Plus, the expenses and pain and agony of defending
themselves in courts is worse than serving the actual sentence. Undertrials are not guilty till
convicted. On the other hand, the rich and powerful people can bring the police to their sides, and
the police can harass or silence inconvenient and poor persons, during the long ordeals in the
courts.

No interaction with the society: It is very essential that the judiciary of any country should be an
integral part of the society and its interactions with the society must be made regular and relevant.
It is also seen that there is involvement of common citizens in judicial decision-making in several
countriend states . However, in Madhya Pradesh, the Indian judicial system has no connection with
the society, something which it had inherited from the British judicial set-up. But, things should
have changed over the last 60 years. Even today, the law officers have not been able to come closer
to the ground to meet the common people.

Increasing Rape Cases in the state :close to 3,400 rape cases reported in the state in nine months
of year, 283 rapes in a month, indicate women's vulnerability and unsafe conditions for fair sex in
Madhya Pradesh. State Crime Record Bureau (SCRB) figures show that 1,600 murders have also
been committed in the same period.The state has already been in news for wrong reason for last
two years.In 2013, Madhya Pradesh topped states with maximum number of rape incidents when
the NCRB recorded 4,335 cases of rape a 37% spurt in rape cases compared to 2012 when
3,445 cases of rape were reported in the state.

In 2013, it was a surge of 52% compared to 2001 when 2,851 cases of rape were registered in the
state.According to 2011 census, the state has a women population of 3.57 crore, which percentage
wise is 6% of country's women population. But it registered 12.89% of rape incidents reported in
the country in 2013.If present trend continues, number of rape cases may touch 2013 figure of
crime against women, a senior police official commented.This is just one just one among damning
official figures of police headquarters from January to September this year.Over 1,600 people have
been murdered across the state in period and at six robberies a day, took the number to 1,500
robberies, whereas close to 19,000 cases of thefts have been registered so far.Crime in state is
witnessing a constant rise. Be it rape, murder, robbery or theft, incidents have altogether registered
a rise of around 10% in comparison to previous year during same period.Madhya Pradesh also tops
the list of sexual offences under the IPC. The highest number of rape cases -- 5,076 -- were reported
in Madhya Pradesh followed by 3,759 in Rajasthan.adhya Pradesh recorded the maximum number
of rape allegations last year, according to the data released by the National Crime Record Bureau
(NCRB) on Wednesday, a taint it lived with last year as well.The state, with 5,076 cases registered
in 2014, saw a17% spike in rape allegations since last year and the state police sees it as a a
positive sign for it implied that more victims came forward to report the crime.Madhya Pradesh
is followed by Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh with 3,759 and 3,467 cases of rape registered
respectively. About 46% rape victims in MP have been minors. The state has also topped the
countrys overall sexual offences list with 15,170 cases out 1,32,939 recorded countrywide,
according to the NCRB

We see that in spite of all the advancements in information and communication technologies
changing the life of the people of the country dramatically, the legal system still looks like a
domineering and pretentious British vestige appearing to belong to an elite class away from the
people and the country. As a matter of fact, the present system of justice is totally out of place and
out of time and tune with democratic procedures and norms, that please only a certain section of
the society with vested interests. Therefore, there is an immediate need to restructure the entire
judicial system to make it answerable to the needs of a democratic, progressive society.

17 CONTRIBUTIONS OF ENTERTAINMNET SECTOR

1. famous personalities of madhya pradesh in entertainment sector

1)Lata Mangeshkar

an Indian playback singer, and occasional music-composer. She is one of the best-known and most
respected playback singers in India.Lata Mangeshkar was born in a Marathi-speaking Gomantak
Maratha[4] family, in the princely state of Indore, part of the Central India Agency (now part of
Madhya Pradesh)

2)Arjun Rampal

Arjun Rampal (born 26 November 1972) is an Indian film actor, producer, model and a television
host. Through his career in Bollywood movies, he has established himself as a leading actor of
Bollywood.Rampal was born on 26 November 1972 in Jabalpur, into a family with military
background.

3)Annu Kapoor
Annu Kapoor ; born 20 February 1956),[1] known by his screen name Annu Kapoor, is an Indian
film actor and television presenter best remembered for hosting the vocal reality show Antakshari
from 1993 to 2006 and his role in Vicky Donor (2012).Annu Kapoor was born in Itwara, Bhopal,
Madhya Pradesh, on 20 February 1956, to Madanlal, a Punjabi father and Kamal,

4)Jaya Bachhan

Jaya Bhaduri Bachchan born Jaya Bhaduri; 1948) is an Indian politician and film actress. Bachchan
is recognised as one of the finest Hindi film actresses of her time, particularly known for
reinforcing a naturalistic style of acting in both mainstream and 'middle-of-the-road' cinema.aya
Bhaduri was born in Jabalpur to a Hindu Bengali family

5)Divyanka Tripathi

Divyanka Tripathi is an Indian actress who works in the Hindi television industry. Establishing
herself as one of the most popular actresses in the industry.Tripathi was born on 14 December
1984 in Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh.She completed her schooling and college from a Nutan college
in Bhopal.Tripathi completed a mountaineering course from the Nehru Institute of Mountaineering
in Uttarkashi and rifle shooting course from Bhopal Rifle Academy.

6)Mamta Sharma

Mamta Sharma is an Indian playback singer. She is known for the song Munni Badnaam Hui from
Dabangg.harma was born in Birla Nagar, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh. She completed her studies
from Saint Paul's School Morar Gwalior. In school, she actively performed on stage. Later she also
performed at various family events (marriage receptions, parties) with her band.

7)Rajeev Verma

Rajeev Verma (born 28 June [year unknown]) is an Indian actor.[1][2] He has worked in film and
television.He was born in Hoshangabad, Madhya Pradesh, India. He obtained his Architectural
Degree from Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology, Bhopal.

8)Shaaan
Shantanu Mukherjee, known as Shaan, is an Indian playback singer more active in Hindi, Bengali,
Marathi, Urdu, Telugu and Kannada films and a television host. Shaan was born on 30 September
1972 in khandwa.

9)Sara Khan

Sara Khan is an Indian model and actress. She won the Miss Bhopal title in 2007. She has done
anchoring for Doordarshan Madhya Pradesh and ETV.

10)Johny Walker

johnny Walker (11 November 1920 29 July 2003) is the screen name of an Indian movie
comedian, who acted in around 300 movies. He was born as Badruddin Jamaluddin Kazi in Indore,
British India, the son of a mill worker

2. movies shot in madhya pradesh

1)Aoka

Indian epic historical drama film directed and co-written by Santosh Sivan. It is a dramatised
version of the early life of emperor Asoka, of the Maurya dynasty, who ruled most of the Indian
subcontinent in the 3rd century BCE.the location includes Bhedahgaat,Panchwati Ghaat,Saraswati
Ghaat,Lamheta Ghaat in jabalpur.

2)Jai Gangaajal

a 2016 Indian Hindi crime drama film, directed by Prakash Jha. It is a sequel of the 2003 crime
film Gangaajal, and stars Priyanka Chopra in the lead role with Jha appearing in a supporting role.
The film also features Manav Kaul, Rahul Bhat and Queen Harish.The film was released
worldwide on 4 March 2016. The Government of Madhya Pradesh declared Jai Gangaajal as tax-
free status on 9 March 2016.

3)Matrubhoomi

a 2003 Indian film written and directed by Manish Jha. The film examines the impact of female
foeticide and female infanticide on the gender balance and consequently the stability and attitudes
of society. Its storyline bears some resemblance to real-life instances of gender imbalance and
economics resulting in fraternal polyandry and bride buying in some parts of India.[1] It depicts a
future dystopia in an Indian village populated exclusively by males due to female infanticide over
the years.

4)Mohenjo Daro

Mohenjo Daro is a 2016 Indian epic adventure-romance film written and directed by Ashutosh
Gowariker It is produced by Siddharth Roy Kapur for UTV Motion Pictures and Sunita Gowariker
for Ashutosh Gowariker Productions (AGPPL),[10] and features Hrithik Roshan and Pooja Hegde
in the lead roles.The film was shot in Bhuj and Mumbai with brief schedules in Bhedaghat
(Jabalpur) and Thane.

5)Paan Singh Tomar

Paan Singh Tomar is a 2012 Indian biographical film based on the true story of the athlete Paan
Singh Tomar. A soldier in the Indian Army, he wins a gold medal at the Indian National Games,
but is forced to become a notorious bandit. The film is directed by Tigmanshu Dhulia and produced
by UTV Motion Pictures. Irrfan Khan plays the title role, with Mahie Gill, Vipin Sharma and
Nawazuddin Siddiqui in the supporting cast.he film was shot in ravines of Chambal, in Dholpur
and in the actual barracks Tomar lived in at Roorkee. To prepare for his role, Irrfan Khan trained
rigorously with steeplechase coaches, even breaking his ankle at one point during the filming. The
film has also been shot in the uphills of one of the oldest army cantonments in India, Roorkee
Cantonment. The Dramatics Team of the Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee also helped in
the several scenes shot in the cantonment.

6)Raajneeti

a 2010 Indian political thriller drama film co-written, directed and produced by Prakash Jha, with
a screenplay by Anjum Rajabali and Prakash Jha, and starring Ajay Devgan, Nana Patekar, Ranbir
Kapoor, Katrina Kaif, Arjun Rampal, Manoj Bajpayee and Naseeruddin Shah in the lead roles.It
was originally produced by Prakash Jha Productions and distributed by UTV Motion Pictures and
Walkwater Media. It was shot in Bhopal.

7)Arakshan
2011 Indian Hindi drama film starring Amitabh Bachchan, Saif Ali Khan and Deepika Padukone.
Directed by Prakash Jha, the film is a socio-political drama based on the controversial policy of
caste based reservations in Indian government jobs and educational institutions. The film also stars
Prateik Babbar and Manoj Bajpayee and was released on 12 August 2011. Most of the film's
shooting took place in Minal Residency, Oriental College, Upper Lake in Bhopal.

3. doordarshan ,madhya pradesh

Doordarshan Madhya Pradesh often abbreviated as DD Madhya Pradesh (Hindi:

) is a 24-hour regional satellite TV channel primarily telecasting from Doordarshan

Kendra Bhopal (DDK Bhopal) and is a part of the state-owned Doordarshan TV Network.The
studio of Doordarshan Kendra Bhopal was commissioned on 20 October 1992. It started as a
Regional Kendra and has ever since played a major role as a Public Service Broadcaster for viewers
of the state. It has enormously enriched the ethos of this land while projecting and promoting the
cultural heritage of the State.although the main language of transmission is Hindi, yet programmes
in other dialects which are spoken in the different parts of Madhya Pradesh viz. Bagheli, Bundeli,
Nimari & Malvi are also included in the telecasts.echnical Facilities at DDK

Doordarshan Kendra Bhopal was commissioned on 20 October 1992. There are two Studios A
of an area of 374 Sq.m. and Continuity Booth (Studio-B) of an area of 50 Sq.m. two Transmitters
(DD-I & DD-News) of 10 KW each, one Earth Station Unlinking the Regional Service of M.P.,
one OB Van for outdoor live coverages and one DSNG Van for Mobile unlinking.There is a
separate post production section having 3 nos. of edit suites with voice over facility, each edit suite
having following component of the equipment. Edit Suit-1[A/B Roll edit suit with DVE cum Video
switcher] VM (Snell & Wilcox), Edit Controller AJ 850, Audio mixer (12 Channel), CD Player,
Phone in console, move CG 2001, DVC pro AJ-D455E, PVW-2800P, PVW-2800P Edit Suit-2
[Beta Edit Suit with FXE-120P] FXE-120P, PVW-2800P, DVC Pro AJ-D455E, BVW-70P Edit
Suit-3 [A/B Roll edit suit with DVE cum Video switcher & DVCPRO50 digital VCRs.Beta] VM
(Snell & Wilcox), Edit Controller AJ 850, Audio mixer (12 Channel), DVCPro 50 AJ- SD 965E
(Player-I),PVW-2800P,(Player-2),DVCPRO50 AJ-SD965(recorder).Computerized editing
system is also available at this Centre having the latest state of the art technology used for
editing/post production for better presentation of the programmes namely, NLE, Media 100,DPS
Velocity, QUATTRUS NLE, 3D Graphics & ISLEWIZ Computer graphics.he satellite channel of
DD Madhya Pradesh is available on various DTH platforms since 2013 and is mandatory for all
DTH & Cable Operators to show Doordarshan channels.

videocon D2H - Channel no. 773[3]

Dish TV - Channel no. 820[4]

Airtel Digital TV - Channel no. 295

Sun Direct - Channel no. 648

DD Free Dish - Channel no. 35

4. tansen utsav

Madhya Pradesh, fondly called the heart of India, has gained a prominent position in the history
of Indian music. One of the most prestigious festivals of the place that has gained national as well
as international recognition is the Tansen Music Festival, which is also called Tansen Sangeet
Samelan or The Tansen Utsav. Named after the legendary musician Tansen, one of the 'nine jewels'
of Emperor Akbar's darbaar (court), the music festival is held in Gwalior near the tomb of Tansen
at Behat. The tomb that was built according to the early Mughal architectural style is now included
as a part of Gwalior's cultural heritage.Exponents in the field of Hindustani classical music mark
their presence at the Tansen Music Festival. They perform for five night long sessions. Artists
invited to the festival feel privileged to perform in front of a huge audience, amidst the tomb of
one of the greatest musicians of the Mughal Era. All through the festival, the soul-stirring ragas
chosen by the finest talents of the country take the city into a musical groove. The overwhelming
vocal and instrumental performances of the Hindustani classical musicians keep the audience
hooked to their seats and want more from them. Apart from the music festival, the city of Gwalior
is also widely popular for housing one of the oldest and well known music Gharana (Family of
people famous for singers) of Indian classical music. This is the reason why the city has been
chosen as the venue to hold this festival. The residents of Gwalior are inclined to music and dance,
probably because of the fact that the city is the oldest Gharana in Hindustani music. Therefore,
Tansen Music Festival enjoys a supreme position amongst the inhabitants of Gwalior and hence,
forms the hallmark of the culture of the city.The fact reiterates itself, when a large number of
people turn up every year, to witness the magical performances of the artists at the music festival.
Every nook and corner of the city carries the fragrance of the mesmerizing music of the festival.
This festival calls for opulent celebrations and this is the reason why it has become not only the
tourist attraction and the hallmark of Gwalior, but also the cultural festival of Madhya Pradesh.

5. ravindra bhavan

The major cultural place in Bhopal after bharat bhavan is the Ravindra bhavan. This is established
With the motive to promote and conserve the art and the linguistic tradition of the state and country.
The Ravindra Bhavan has always been a major center of attraction with its continuous programs
and cultural activities from around the globe. Ravindra Bhavan is working under the
Administrative Control of the directorate of Culture Madhya Pradesh. The various culture and
social activities are performed in Ravindra Bhavan. It is the only air conditional fully equipped
Auditorium having 700 seating capacity. Here open air stage and ample space for holding
exhbition is also available. Every year it has been renovated. It is located near Lake View. During
an exhibition or any other cultural programme you can watch this marvelous place in the Bhopal.

18 DEMOGRAPHIC SCENARIO OF STATE OF MADHYA PRADESH

Madhya Pradesh is the second largest state in terms of geographic extent, covering an area of
308,244 sq. km. The state is administratively divided into 50 districts. As per 2011 census, Madhya
Pradesh has a population of 72 million accounting to 6 percent of Indias population. State
population has grown at 20.3 percent between 2001 - 2011. Population density of the state is 2362
persons per square kilometer and is significantly lower than the national average of 382 persons
per square kilometer. Further, distribution of population among the districts is uneven with 21
districts registering population density of less than 200 persons per square kilometer resulting in
regions with relatively higher and lowers human capital availability.

Table I: Demographic, Socio-economic and Health profile of Madhya Pradesh State as

compared to India figures
Indicator MP India

Total Population (In Crore) (Census 2011) 7.26 121.01

Decadal Growth (%) (Census 2011) 20.30 17.64

Crude Birth Rate (SRS 2013) 26.3 21.4

Crude Death Rate (SRS 2013) 8 7

Natural Growth Rate (SRS 2013) 18.4 14.4

Infant Mortality Rate (SRS 2013) 54 40

Maternal Mortality Rate (SRS 2010-12) 230 178

Total Fertility Rate (SRS 2012) 2.9 2.4

Sex Ratio (Census 2011) 930 940

Child Sex Ratio (Census 2011) 912 914

Schedule Caste population (in crore) (Census 2001) 0.91 16.6

Schedule Tribe population (in crore) (Census 2001) 1.22 8.43

Total Literacy Rate (%) (Census 2011) 70.63 74.04

Indicator MP India

Male Literacy Rate (%) (Census 2011) 80.53 82.14

Female Literacy Rate (%) (Census 2011) 60.02 65.46

Majority of the state (around 72 percent) population still lives in rural areas. However,
there has been a steady growth in urbanization, with the emergence of industrial clusters in
the districts of Indore, Bhopal, and Gwalior as destinations for intra state migration.

Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes constitute over a third of the total population.
Scheduled Tribes form 20.63 percent of the total population as against 8.203 percent at an
all India level. There were 46 recognized Scheduled Tribes of which three tribes have been
classified as "Special Primitive Tribal Groups". Twenty one districts in the state including
Mandla, Dhar, Jhabua, Sidhi, Khargone, Seoni, Shahdol and Chhindwara are identified as
tribal districts in Madhya Pradesh. The percentage of Scheduled Caste population to the
total population of the state is 13.14 percent, which is lower than the all India average of
16.20 percent. An aspiration towards seasonal work related migration, stemming from
socio-economic backwardness and lack of sustainable local livelihood/employment
opportunities in the region, has been observed amongst the surveyed tribal population in
the state.

As of 2011, the gender ratio of the state stands at 930 females per 1000 males. Gender ratio
had constantly increased over the last three decades though it is still lower than the current
national average of 940. Tribal districts such as Dindori, Alirajpur, Mandla and Balaghat
have more women than men, indicating the need to emphasize special focus on skilling of
women in these areas. Madhya Pradesh primarily being a rural economy, the role of women
in capacity building cannot be undermined. The government is making concerted efforts
towards a healthy gender ratio in the state through various schemes such as Laxmi Ladli
Yojana, Janani Suraksha Yojna, Gaon Ki Beti5 etc. Twenty six districts constituting 46.06
 percent of the total population of Madhya Pradesh have a better gender ratio than the state
average.

VI. CONCLUSION

Centrally located, Madhya Pradesh (MP) is also known as the heart of India. Spread across an area
of 308,000 sq km, MP is the second largest state of the country and ninth largest economy in India.
The state is endowed with vast natural resources like forests, minerals, rare and valuable herbs and
medicinal plants and eight important rivers flowing across the state. MP is the largest producer of
oilseeds and pulses, garlic and coriander in the country. Low cost of basic infrastructure and
availability of skilled manpower and cheap unskilled labour further paved the way for expanding
existing industrial base to greater extent. Its rich cultural heritage and comparatively peaceful law
and order situation, coupled with good connectivity with neighbouring states leverage the state as
one of the emerging economy with high potential. Trend analysis for the newly formed Madhya
Pradesh indicates that the state is trying hard to lift its economy to more developing strides and to
come out of the BIMARU bracket. Two distinct waves were noticed while preparing the State
Development Report (SDR) for Madhya Pradesh. Fiscal scenario of the state has shown significant
improvement on one hand, thereby transforming the states economy from revenue deficit to
revenue surplus state. Such fiscal discipline has multiplier effect on the various components of the
economy to develop and expand further. Sectoral composition clearly shows that the economy of
the state is gradually shifting from the primary sector to secondary and tertiary sectors. But one
has to be cautious as the states GDP is highly sensitive to growth in agriculture sector. Hence,
proper attention must be given to this sector as it has the potential to boost both industry and service
sector through direct And indirect ways. Also, the development objectives of income and
employment generation, poverty alleviation, balanced regional development can be addressed
through proper focus on agriculture and allied sectors. Latest achievements of the state include
infrastructure development in terms of physical connectivity and ICT, increased literacy,
enrolment and access to schooling, promoting the thriving sectors like tourism and industry and
initiating public-private partnership (PPP for raising assets with minimum debt burden. On the
other hand, the states performance on basic human development indicators and other
developmental indicators is not impressive, and many a times fall far below the set standards or
national average. The following key areas are still the cause of great concerns if the state has to
pursue balanced and equitable socioeconomic development which includes health and Nutrition
specifically for women and children, access to safe drinking water and sanitation, housing and
availability of electricity, financial inclusion of marginalised sections and productivity of
agricultural crops and high poverty ratio. Thus, the state has to put forth the strategic efforts in
improving the current pace of providing health services, quality of both primary education and
higher education, non-farm income and employment generation opportunities, and reducing
exploitation of natural resources for sustained growth. This is of an immense importance in light
of the fact that nearly 35 per cent of the states population belongs to Dalit and tribal communities,
38.3 per cent population is living below poverty line. Since these marginalised sections are highly
dependent on the state government for survival, hence the responsibility of the upliftment of these
sections lies primarily with the state government only.
It is essential for the state to have balanced development on the fronts of economic indicators and
social indicators. Favour of any one side may result into large scale disparity in the overall
development of the state and will have farthest consequences in the lives of its citizens. The SDR
in its analysis tried to cover different social and economic sectors of the economy through 13
chapters ranging from growth of economy, employment and livelihood status, governance,
agriculture, health, education to infrastructure and industrial development in the state. 1.
Comparative Development Profile- The chapter deals with overall growth of the states economy,
interstate comparisons based on per capita GSDP, sectoral growth of the economy, sector-wise
plan outlays in FYP, overview of budgetary performance, comparative profile of poverty in the
country, ranking
on human development, population growth and implications for the state, 2. Employment and
Livelihood- This chapter covers trends in growth in employment situation in the state, size class
holding, forest based livelihood, employment in enterprises and establishment including both
agriculture and non-agriculture, rural non-farm employment, unemployment, underemployment,
quality of employment, labour productivity, employment strategies and constraints and policy
recommendations, 3. Agriculture- The chapter describes agro-climatic zones, land use
classification, agriculture growth in the state, cropping pattern, share of MP in Indias agriculture
output, horticulture, allied services in agriculture, institutions and supporting services in
agriculture, irrigation potential created and utilised in the state, crop-wise irrigation, and road
ahead, 4. Finance- The chapter attempted trends in revenue receipts, analysis of both tax and non-
tax revenues, trends in capital receipts, debt/GSDP ratio, trends of internal debt of the state
government, expenditure side analysis including size of the budget, plan and non-plan expenditure,
revenue and capital expenditure, analysis of various components of expenditure, developmental
and non-developmental expenditure, adherence to FRBM, quality of expenditure, accurate
budgeting, fiscal decentralisation, measures taken for financial discipline and way forward, 5.
Governance- In this chapter, we tried to cover the topics like ranking of India on governance
indicators, interstate comparisons based on quality of life, good governance, governance issues
pertaining to Madhya Pradesh including human development, poverty and hunger, law and order
situation and state of vulnerable communities, corruption, democratic institutions for governance,
urbanisation, migration, social inequality, government initiatives for improving governance in the
state, 6. Education- The chapter describes status of elementary education, secondary education,
higher education, technical education, quality of education, equity in education, provisioning of
teachers, decentralisation of academic support institutions, education budget, various partners in
education,7. Tourism- The chapter covers tourism in India, importance of tourism, tourism in
Madhya Pradesh including tourist destinations in the state, hospitality, tourist arrival in the state,
growth of tourism sector, tourism policies, institutional mechanism for promoting tourism,
achievements of tourism sector and strategies for tourism development, 8. Health- The chapter
discusses about the indicators on the state of health, infant and child mortality, maternal health in
the state, factors affecting basic health, health infrastructure in MP, expenditure on health, state
policies and initiatives, medium term health sector strategy for the state and road ahead, 13.
Industry- The last chapter covers role of industry in the states economy, key industries,
industrialisation in MP, comparative performance of factory sector in MP, industrial clusters, SEZs
in the state and investment opportunities for promoting industrialisation.