Escolar Documentos
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1.0 INTRODUCTION
Wind is the movement of air from an area of high
pressure to an area of low pressure. Over the past
decade, wind turbine use has increased at more than 25
percent a year. Still, it only provides a small fraction of
the world's energy. Wind is a clean source of
renewable energy that produces no air or water
pollution(KhanRahman and Alam, 2004). And since Fig 1 World Total Installed Capacity (MW)
the wind is free, operational costs are nearly zero once Government of Bangladesh (GoB) has declared its
a turbine is erected. Mass production and technology vision to provide electricity for all by the year 2020,
advances are making turbines cheaper, and many though access to electricity in Bangladesh is one of the
governments offer tax incentives to spur wind-energy lowest in the world; coverage today stands at around
development. Nevertheless, the wind energy industry 32% of the total population and has a large unsatisfied
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demand for energy, which is growing by 10% model and to observe the effect of blade pitch angle on
annually. Precipitate energy generation is also very the performance of the wind turbine model.
low, only 158 kWh/year (FY 2005)(Spera, 1994)
2.0 METHODOLOGY
.However the rural areas of Bangladesh, where 76% of
The two sides of the PVC turbine base was constructed
the population lives, have an even lower coverage
with 90 PVC fittings, PVC tees and 6 inches PVC
(around 10%) and are seriously deprived of the
pipe sections construct. Figure 2 shows the tower
electricity facility. Therefore survey, exploration,
base.
exploitation of different conventional and renewable
energy sources like natural gas, coal, oil, hydropower,
solar, wind and establishment of power generation
plants and networks for transmission and distribution
of electricity are being done by government and other
related organizations. Very recently solar and wind
energy resources assessment for Bangladesh have been
done under the UNEP/GEF global project of Solar and
Wind Energy Resource Assessment (SWERA)
(IslamIslam and Rahman, 2006). Study and analysis
under this project shows that some the coastal inlands
and off-shore islands of Bangladesh should be fairly
Fig.2 Tower Base
potential for small scale wind energy system. Day by
The rotor and hub were built with PVC 90 fitting, PVC
day wind energy activities in Bangladesh are growing
coupler, and 3 inches piece of PVC pipe and the DC
up but slowly. A few number of small wind only,
generator. A piece of duct tape was wrapped around
wind-solar hybrid systems have been installed so far
the outside of the generator. This piece of tape was
by Grameen Shakhty, and Local Government
about 1inche wide and 20 inches long. Hence the
Engineering Department (LGED)
motor fitted securely into the PVC coupler. Arranged
(MuyeenTakahashiMurata and Tamura, 2010).
the pieces like the image to the right and then pushed
As the measured data for some coastal locations are them together to form a solid piece. This was called a
available therefore detailed techno economic analysis nacelle it holds the DC generator, blades and other
now are essential for small wind home energy system equipment. The wires attached with the DC generator
(WHS) and in this research work this analysis has been through the nacelle. Figure 3 shows rotor and hub.
done. Energy demand that is met by a typical and very Snake the motor wires through down the tower and
popular 50W Solar Home System (SHS) has been through the hole that was drilled in the PVC tee at the
considered for detailed analysis. To draw a system base of the wind turbine and attached the nacelle to the
technically, hourly energy demand, resource top of the tower. Introduce the bottom of the PVC
availability and energy production are very much tower into the tee at the center of the turbine base. The
essential and therefore HOMER, renewable based PVC pipe has been seated well into the fittings by
system optimization tool, has been used. The power tapping together with a hammer.
curve and details are available for 400W capacity SW
Air X wind turbine as the smallest wind turbine in the
HOMER. So, energy demand for single to five home
users has been considered. Developed stand-alone
WHS has been then compared with SHS for similar
capacities. Diesel has been considered as a base case
for economic viability analysis in the RET Screen
software. As the diesel cost is increasing and on the
other hand wind turbine cost is decreasing, sensitivity
analysis has also been done. The main objective of this Fig 3 Rotor and Hub
paper is to design and fabricate a PVC wind turbine
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Figure 4 shows the PVC wind turbine model. The wind Figure 6 shows the variation of power with different
was created by means of a pedestal fan. The wind wind speed. For 30 degree blade angle the power
velocity was measured by using an anemometer production is not so significant. The 15 degree pitch
angle gives forth the maximum power output.
(Model-451126).The voltage and current were
Moreover, at this angle the output power increases
measured by using a voltmeter and an ammeter
sharply with wind speed which indicates that at this
respectively. The data were collected for five different pitch angle the turbine is most sensitive to change in
pitch angles (10o,15o,20o,25o,30o) and three different wind speed.
wind velocities.
REFERENCE
Dixon, S.L. 2005. Fluid mechanics and
thermodynamics of turbomachinery, Butterworth-
Heinemann.
Islam, A., Islam, M. and Rahman, T. 2006. Effective
renewable energy activities in Bangladesh. Renewable
Energy, 31, 677-688.
Khan, M.G.K., Rahman, T. and Alam, M. Wind
Energy in Bangladesh: Prospects and Utilization
Initiatives. 3rd International Conference on Electrical
& Computer Engineering, ICECE, 2004. 28-30.
Muyeen, S., Takahashi, R., Murata, T. and Tamura, J.
2010. A variable speed wind turbine control strategy to
meet wind farm grid code requirements. Power
Systems, IEEE Transactions on, 25, 331-340.
Nandi, S.K. and Ghosh, H.R. 2010. Prospect of wind
PV-battery hybrid power system as an alternative to
grid extension in Bangladesh. Energy, 35, 3040-3047.
Spera, D.A. 1994. Wind turbine technology.
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