Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
NETWORKS
Anum Ahmed Pirkani
RF&MW07,
RIMMS, NUST
Abstract: This report presents a 1GHz half cylinders, which are separated by a small gap G. The
wave dipole antenna for ISM (industrial, scientific conductors are excited by a feeding structure between
and military) networks. The principles of dipole the two cylinders. The design parameters used in the
antenna are analyzed and design considerations final model are shown in Table 1. The dipole length
has been adjusted to tune the antenna to 1GHz.
are formulated. To evaluate the antennas
performance, 3D finite difference time domain
(FDTD) Electromagnetic simulations are carried
out.
I. INTRODUCTION
Dipole antennas as shown in Figure 1, are extensively Figure 2: Proposed half wave dipole design
utilized in varieties of applications such as being the
basic units of phased-array antennas and the feeding
sources of aperture antennas. Compared with Parameter Value Description
traditional line antennas, printed dipole antennas D 5mm Conductor Diameter
have extra advantages including planar structure, F 1GHz Resonant Frequency
small volume, light weight and low cost, which are F1 0.903GHz Resonant Frequency 1
signicantly suitable for applications sensitive to the G 20mm Feeding Gap of antenna
receiver sizes. A standard dipole antenna has an L F1*150 Dipole Length
omni-directional radiation pattern. However, in Lambda 300mm Wavelength
modern wireless communication systems, directive Z0 73ohm Port Impedance
gains are frequently required. A printed dipole Table 1: Proposed Design parameters
antenna inherently operates in a narrow frequency
band, which is the shortcoming needed to be III. SIMULATION AND RESULTS
overcome before its advantages can be used.
The nite dierence time domain (FDTD) 3D
Electromagnetic simulations are utilized to
characterize the antenna performance. The antenna is
simulated in two frequency bands.
A. 1st RESONANCE
The S11 that is port reflection at the incident port is
plotted in Figure 3.
II. DESIGN
The half-wavelength dipole antenna is a simple
dipole whose length is half-wavelength of the
operation frequency. It is a balanced antenna which
has a broadside radiation with a torus like radiation
pattern and an input impedance of 73 .
The half-wavelength dipole antenna operating at 1 Figure 3: S11 at 1st resonance (1GHz)
GHz is modeled in CST STUDIO SUITE. It has two
The S-parameter shows that the antenna is resonant
at 1 GHz. At the resonant frequency, the reflection at
incident port is nearly -35dB. The bandwidth of half
wave dipole antenna is calculated to be 193MHz.
The VSWR of antennas shown in Figure 4 is 1.038 at
the resonant frequency.
V. CONCLUSION
Main objective of this paper was to observe the
several antenna characteristics of half wave dipole
antenna. Obtained results were acceptable for
practical implementation of this types of antennas. As
a simulation tool CST Microwave Studio was used
which ease the simulation. Resonance was observed
at 1GHz and 3.1GHz with better return loss at 1GHz.
Bandwidth was observed as almost 190 MHz which
is good enough to cover various wireless
applications.