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Intervention

Journal 1 Source: Feldstein Ewing, S. W., McEachern, A. D., Yezhuvath, U., Bryan, A. D., Hutchison, K.
E., & Filbey, F. M. (2013). Integrating brain and behavior: Evaluating adolescents response to a cannabis
intervention. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 27(2), 510.

- therapists relied on MI (motivational interview) -consistent approaches including reliance on


reflections, open-ended questions, affirmations, and summary statements, with the goal of
demonstrating accurate empathy, helping youth develop discrepancy between their ideal and
current cannabis use, supporting self efficacy, and reducing resistance
- The therapists opened the first MI session by eliciting the youths story about their cannabis use.
Following this open-ended exploration, therapists guided youth through a values clarification
task. session also included the MI-based talking into and out of change exercise ( I need to back
off of my marijuana use its causing problem to my family) to obtain five unique statements for
changing their cannabis use CT (change talk) and five unique statements for sustaining their
cannabis use CCT (counter change talk) for the fMRI session.
- All participants were scheduled for an fMRI session 1 week after their first MI session. all
participants abstained from cannabis for 24 hours, and from caffeine and cigarettes for the hour
preceding the fMRI (Functional magnetic resonance imaging) scan. Adolescents significantly
reduced their frequency of cannabis use (number of cannabis use days), level of cannabis related
problems, and cannabis-dependence symptoms.

Journal 2 Source: Saitz, R., Palfai, T. P., Cheng, D. M., Alford, D. P., Bernstein, J. A., Lloyd-Travaglini,
C. A., ... & Samet, J. H. (2014). Screening and brief intervention for drug use in primary care: the
ASPIRE randomized clinical trial. Jama, 312(5), 502-513.

- BNI brief negotiated interview The BNI uses some features


- of motivational interviewing and includes feedback, review of the pros and cons of use, and
development of a plan for change.
- MOTIV adaptation of motivational interviewing MOTIV group received 30 to 45 minutes of
motivational interviewing with an offered 20- to 30-minute booster follow-up session conducted
by counselors who had a masters degree. The MOTIV program was less structured than BNI and
included eliciting possible links between drug use and health concerns, heightening discrepancies
between negative drug use outcomes and valued goals, enhancing self efficacy about behavior
change, and providing options for change.
- RESULT:

Brief intervention did not have efficacy for decreasing unhealthy drug use in primary care patients
identified by screening. These results do not support widespread implementation of illicit drug use
and prescription drug misuse screening and brief intervention. there were no significant differences
between the BNI or MOTIV group

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