05 Eylül 2015 Extra Tam Deneme Sinavlari

26
6. The body resists starvation by ---- its own tissues

1. - 16.sorularda, cmlede bo braklan yerlere
and using them as a source of calories much
uygun den szck ya da ifadeyi bulunuz. like burning the furniture to keep the house
warm..
1. Despite the ---- of laws in society, its A) getting off

manifestation in the form of general codes first
appears only around 3000 BC.. B) breaking down
C) carrying out
A) belief
D) following up
B) separation
E) making for
C) engagement
D) agreement 7. In Mozambique, the 1992 peace accord that ----

15 years of civil war ---- a blanket amnesty for all
E) importance those who had committed war crimes..
2. There are ---- characteristics of industrial jobs A) has ended / had mandated
performed by humans that identify the work as a
potential application for robots.. B) had ended / would have mandated
C) ended / mandated
A) ancient
D) ends / will mandate
B) severe
E) could have ended / has mandated
C) certain
D) excessive 8. It ---- true that property prices in Ireland and

Spain ---- by 208 and 150 per cent, respectively,
E) entire since 1997..
3. The meat production in the developed world A) may be / would increase

needs to be ---- to combat famine..
B) has been / had increased
A) forced C) was / increased
B) increased D) could be / would have increased
C) prohibited E) is / have increased
D) refused
9. A vaccine can cause the immune system to
E) prevented attack viruses ---- they invade the body..
4. Some people may consider someone who works - A) as soon as

--- long hours to be a workaholic, but that has
not proven to be entirely true.. B) as a result of
C) by the time
A) widely
D) for fear of
B) extremely
E) except for
C) clearly
D) evenly 10. Many biologists insist that the wolf is really a shy
creature whose first reaction when faced with a
E) consistently human is to run away ---- attack..
5. By mapping equatorial rainfall since 800 AD, A) such as

scientists have ---- how tropical weather may
change over the next century.. B) no matter
C) rather than
A) taken out
D) even so
B) put aside
E) as though
C) brought down
D) figured out
E) counted upon
11. The arrival of Europeans in America dislocated 16. There are many different forms of
traditional ways of life and altered the world ---- communication technology, but the frequency ----
recognition.. one individual uses any particular technology will
depend heavily on the frequency with which
others do, or vice versa..
A) or
B) beyond A) with which
C) at B) that
D) off C) why
E) from D) how
E) whether
12. Post offices don't have enough space to cope ----
the tremendous increase ---- demand for PO
boxes..
A) with / in
B) on / of
C) up / for
D) for / upon
E) through / from
13. In Belgium, compensation ---- accidents at work

and occupational illness is exclusively the
concern ---- employers..
A) over / from
B) in / by
C) from / for
D) for / of
E) at / over
14. The general effects of inflation can be discussed

according to ---- they are largely positive ----
largely negative..
A) both / and
B) not / nut
C) if / or
D) not only / and
E) whether / or
15. The governor said his determination ---- the

living standard of the people ----by his pledge to
complete all the projects started by his
predecessor..
A) improving / had been informed
B) to improve / was informed
C) improved / should have informed
D) having improved / is informed
E) improve / informs
21. V.
17. - 21.sorularda, aadaki parada
numaralanm yerlere uygun den szck ya
da ifadeyi bulunuz. A) in spite of
B) by means of
Like yawning and coughing, scratching can beinfectious. C) as opposed to

You see someone else scratching and soon you feel itchy
yourself.Itch transmission has been investigated (I)---- D) apart from
showing people pictures of fleas and ants. This can make
them scratch (II) ---- watching someone elsescratching E) due to
produces the strongest response. A possible clue as to
why thishappens may be (III) ---- when adrop of histamine,
a substance given out in the body in response to an
allergy,is dropped on someones skin. This makes them
itchy, but they scratch all over,not just where the drop
was placed. This suggests a mechanism that makes
ushypersensitive to skin sensations and lowers the
threshold for wanting toscratch, which (IV) ---- the causeof
infectious scratching. Why do we have it? Other primates
also behave this way (V) ---- several reasons. One theory
is that it evolved in socialspecies to help them notice and
deal with parasitic infections.
17. I.
A) on
B) in
C) by
D) at
E) for
18. II.
A) so that
B) but
C) even if
D) unless
E) until
19. III.
A) suspected
B) neglected
C) violated
D) revealed
E) hindered
20. IV.
A) may be
B) should havebeen
C) used to be
D) could havebeen
E) has to be
26. V.
da ifadeyi bulunuz. A) but
B) as
The traditional Ottoman house was very practical. Infact, C) therefore

until the 19th century, (I) ----furniture was used. Space
was used efficiently to meet the needs of daily life.Beds D) unless
(II) ---- simply mattresses,aired with the rest of the
bedding in the morning, then rolled up and storeduntil E) although
night-time. Meals were served on a large tray, cleared
away after eating.A large brazier (mangal) (III) ----the
modern fire places used today. Low seating called sedir, 27. - 36.sorularda, verilen cmleyi uygun
was built on threesides (IV) ---- a room, and wascovered ekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz.
with rugs (kilims). It was easy to keep the rugs on the floor
clean andin good shape, (V) ---- outdoorshoes were
replaced by soft indoor slippers before entering the house.
27. As the foetus grows, ----..
A) the enlarged uterus could be seen at about six

22. I. weeks
B) all of these changes are normal in pregnancy

A) little
C) this difference is amplified during pregnancy
B) many
D) more blood is sent to the mothers uterus
C) least
E) pregnancy would affect virtually all hormones in
D) most
the body
E) much
28. While everyone unconsciously uses defence
mechanisms, ----..
23. II.
A) some people assume that they can deal with

A) had to be
problems on their own
B) can be
B) treatments differ according to the type of
personality disorder
C) were
C) people with a dependent personality avoid
D) have been
undertaking responsibilities
E) should be
D) drug therapy is frequently complicated by misuse
of the drugs or by suicide attempts
24. III.
E) people with personality disorders use them in
inappropriate or immature ways
A) kept away
B) worked out 29. Until the worlds oil producers allow third-party
assessments of the flow rates of the worlds
C) turned down largest oil fields, ----..
D) substituted for
A) China is certain to set the agenda for the world oil
E) dealt with consumption rates
B) it is difficult to process toxic elements from

25. IV. petroleum products
C) the oil producers will find other places to drill for oil
A) to
D) it is certainly irresponsible to allow these countries
B) near to export oil
C) by E) it will be impossible to know just how much oil we

really have left
D) at
E) of
30. Before you spend any money on fish for your 34. Scientific mysteries and huge surprises await all
aquarium, ----.. space explorers ----..
A) it is worth considering that juvenile fish are dark A) even if we could have the opportunity to take a
blue with distinctive white markings scenic journey through space and time with a
cosmic flight simulator
B) bear in mind that much of the food we eat
ourselves is also suitable for fish B) whether they are viewing the Earth from outer
space or seeking out other planets
C) be sure that you have provided the right
environment for the well-being of your fish C) whereas the claim that black holes are crucial to
enable galaxies to form is highly controversial
D) you should have checked if they were likely to grow
much larger D) since humans would have undoubtedly asked how
the Earth evolved
E) feed your fish sparingly as any uneaten food will
cause pollution problems in the tank E) until the suppositions concerning the universe were
experimentally tested in order to gain validity
31. ----, but each represented a distinct departure

from this earlier world.. 35. In recent years, some neuroimaging experiments
have shown that the brain maintains a high level
of activity ----..
A) The Romans borrowed heavily from the Greek
settlers in Italy, who had originally arrived in the
eighth century B.C. A) since other routine tasks require minimal additional
energy
B) Greece and Rome constituted the seedbed out of
which all subsequent Western civilizations would B) even when it is nominally at rest
develop
C) although some understanding was needed of the
C) The Romans were much more devoted to their physiology of the brains intrinsic activity
traditions than the Greeks
D) if the idea that brain could be constantly busy is
D) The classical Greek and Roman civilizations drew not new
heavily on the traditions and achievements of the
ancient Near East E) even if performing a particular task increases the
brains energy consumption
E) From the Greeks, the Romans derived their
alphabet, many of their religious concepts, and
much of their art 36. Climate change commands the most attention as
the major factor causing the disintegration of the
Earths ice shelves, ----..
32. ----, it generally refers to elite kinds of artistic
works such as operas, poetry, classical music and
serious novels.. A) since scientists are trying to find ways to control
climate change
A) When the term \'culture\' is used in connection with B) still, the other causes of the breaking up of the ice
the arts should not be ignored
B) As culture involves the transmission of specific C) for global warming is the major cause of a variety
ideas of environmental problems
C) Although we may not understand every culture we D) in case the ecological balance of the planet has
encounter been disturbed by it
D) Since language is the most essential element of the E) so climate change has been the result of a myriad
culture of factors
E) As long as culture deals with the written forms of

literature
33. The first outbreak of SARS in southern China

stopped abruptly ----..
A) that a hot environment is not suitable
B) as soon as the weather began to warm up
C) though distinguishing between SARS and influenza

proved problematic
D) unless transmission is due to people touching

contaminated surfaces
E) so one was at risk of picking up SARS after

admission to hospital
39. Klasik Yunan tragedyalarnn konular,
37. - 42.sorularda, verilen ngilizce cmleye
seyircilerin az ok aina olduklar efsanelere
anlamca en yakn Trke cmleyi, Trke dayanyordu..
cmleye anlamca en yakn ngilizce cmleyi
bulunuz.
A) Most classical Greek tragedies were based on
legends which the average audience knew and
loved.
37. Yoksul lkelerdeki ou insan, stma, AIDS,
B) Audiences were usually familiar with the plots of
verem ile zengin lkelerde daha az bilinen birok
classical Greek tragedies as they knew the legends
hastalk ekmektedir; nk, hkmetleri, il
on which they were based.
irketlerinin istedii fiyatlar
karlayamamaktadr..
C) The plots of classical Greek tragedies were based
on legends with which audiences were more or less
A) Malaria, AIDS, tuberculosis and a number of other familiar.
diseases not known in rich countries affect many
people in poor countries, where the governments D) Audiences could follow the plots of classical Greek
are reluctant to pay the prices companies demand tragedies since they were generally based on well-
for drugs. known legends.
B) Most people in poor countries suffer from malaria, E) The legends on which the classical Greek tragedies
AIDS, tuberculosis and many diseases lesser known were based were well-known to the audiences.
in rich countries, since their governments cannot
afford the prices drug companies want. 40. China, now the worlds leading exporter and its
biggest manufacturer, has proved its economic
C) Since malaria, AIDS, tuberculosis and various other skills on the global stage..
diseases little-known in rich countries are very
common among the people of poor countries, the
governments find it hard to pay the prices A) Dnyann nde gelen ihracats ve en byk
demanded by companies for drugs. imalats olabilmek iin inin artk ekonomik
becerilerini kresel sahnede gstermesi gerekiyor.
D) While a growing number of people in poor countries
suffer from malaria, AIDS, tuberculosis and several B) u anda dnyann nde gelen ihracats ve en
other diseases unknown in rich countries, their byk imalats olan in, ekonomik becerilerini
governments refuse to pay the prices companies kresel sahnede kantlamtr.
ask for their drugs.
C) in, dnyann lider ihracats ve en byk
E) The governments in poor countries cannot afford to imalats olma yolunda ekonomik yeteneklerini
pay the prices companies want for their drugs, but kresel anlamda zaten kantlamtr.
more and more people are being affected by
malaria, AIDS, tuberculosis and other diseases that D) Ekonomik yeteneklerini kresel olarak da
do not occur in rich countries. kantlayan in, ihracatta bugn dnyann lideri ve
en byk imalats olmak istemektedir.
38. Gkbilimciler, Samanyolu gibi byk galaksilerin,
E) Ekonomik becerilerini kresel sahnede de
kendilerinden daha kk olan galaksileri
sergileyen in, artk dnyann en nde gelen
yutarak ok daha bydkleri grndedirler..
ihracat ve imalatlar arasndadr.
A) That large galaxies such as the Milky Way grew 41. The real measure of the level of justice in any
even larger through absorbing galaxies smaller society is how it treats its minorities, who are
than themselves is the opinion of many generally its most vulnerable citizens..
astronomers.
B) The opinion of various astronomers is that the Milky A) Adaletle ilgili kilit nokta, toplumun en korunmasz
Way and other large galaxies absorbed smaller vatandalarndan olan aznlklara genellikle nasl
galaxies and, thus, grew larger. davranlddr.
C) Some astronomers have the opinion that, by B) Herhangi bir toplumda adalet dzeyinin gerek
absorbing galaxies smaller than themselves, large ls, o toplumun genellikle en korunmasz
galaxies such as the Milky Way grew extremely vatandalar olan aznlklara nasl davranddr.
large.
C) Toplumun en korunmasz vatandalar olan
D) Astronomers are of the opinion that large galaxies aznlklara nasl davranld, herhangi bir toplumun
such as the Milky Way grew much larger by adalet dzeyinin genellikle gerek lsdr.
absorbing galaxies smaller than themselves.
D) En korunmasz vatandalar olan aznlklara nasl
E) Astronomers point out that, because large galaxies davranld, sz konusu toplumun adalet dzeyinin
such as the Milky Way absorbed galaxies smaller kilit noktasdr.
than themselves, they grew larger.
E) Bir toplumun adalet dzeyi, genellikle o toplumda
en korunmasz vatandalar olan aznlklara davran
ekliyle llebilir.
42. Genetics alone cannot explain how certain ethnic
groups use no dairy products, yet still maintain
calcium balance..
A) Genetik, belirli etnik gruplarn nasl hi st rn

kullanmadklar halde yine de kalsiyum dengesini
koruduklarn tek bana aklayamaz.
B) Baz etnik gruplarn hi st rn kullanmamalarna

karn kalsiyum dengesini koruyabilmeleri,
genetikle de aklanamaz.
C) Hi st rn kullanmayan belirli etnik gruplarn

kalsiyum dengesini nasl koruduklar sadece
genetik etkenlerle aklanamyor.
D) Genetikle aklanamasa da baz etnik gruplar hi

st rn kullanmadklar halde kalsiyum dengesini
koruyabilmektedir.
E) Belirli st rnlerini kullanmayan etnik gruplarn

yine de kalsiyum dengesini koruyabilmeleri yalnz
genetikle aklanamaz.
46. The passage mainly deals with ----..
43. - 46.sorular aadaki paraya gre
cevaplaynz.
A) a new and efficient way of producing plastic from
petroleum
Glucose, natures most abundant sugar, may soon be B) different types of catalysts used in the production
petroleums fiercest rival. Chemists have long searched of plastics
for cheap, renewable, and non-polluting alternatives to
the 245 million tonnes of petroleum based plastics C) the environmental advantages of using plastics
produced annually. For years, they have been able to made from glucose
convert sugars into the chemical hydroxy methyl furfural
(HMF), which can be used to make plastic. But the D) ways of increasing yield in the production of
plastics
process, which used acid catalysts to break the sugars
down, was costly and complicated by impurities and low E) a new alternative to petroleum in plastic production
yields.Researchers at the Pacific Northwest National
Laboratory (PNLL) in Washington replaced the acid
catalyst with a metal catalyst, chromium chloride, and
used it to break down glucose, a sugar found in
plantstarches and cellulose. The result: HMF yields
increased 10 to 70 percent over the old processes and
impurities were eliminated. The next step to replacing
petroleum is to find a low-impact renewable source for the
glucose. Scientists hope to soon obtain glucose from
cellulose rather than from plant starches. Cellulose is
found in straw and sawdust, two waste products from the
agricultural and wood industries that do not require
precious farmland to betaken away from food crops.
43. It can be understood from the passage that

cellulose ----..
A) requires an extensive use of farmland
B) is generally extracted from plant starches
C) can be derived from any kind of agricultural waste

product
D) is not the first choice of the researchers at PNLL
E) is a more environmentally friendly option than are

plant starches
44. According to the passage, scientists have, for

years, used acid catalysts to ----..
A) get rid of impurities in plastics
B) convert sugar into HMF
C) increase yields
D) extract cellulose from plants
E) make plastics from petroleum
45. We can understand from the passage that the

use of metal catalysts ----..
A) caused a decline in yield, and an increase in cost
B) is more expensive than using acid catalysts
C) is a more efficient way of breaking down glucose

than is the use of acid catalysts
D) resulted in impurities in plastics
E) involves the use of HMF

49. In the passage, reference is made to some
parents ----..
cevaplaynz.
A) who have not been educated properly and, hence,

fail to understand each other
As adolescents beginto assert their individuality, family
tensions increase, and battles are foughtover clothes and B) who have unattainable aspirations for their children
hair styles, late nights and so on. The doctor may
findhimself consulted; some parents feel that, if their C) whose only aim in life is to provide a good
children get into troubleor disagree with them, they must education for their children
be ill. Others seek a referee or an accomplicein the battle
of the generations. Often the younger doctor in a D) that deal with the problems of their children far
better than doctors
partnership hasan advantage in dealing with such
problems, being able to bridge the generationgap and E) that are completely indifferent to the development
communicate well with both parents and teenagers. Both of their childrens individuality
generationsneeded education about the other and
particularly about current norms ofbehaviour. Children
may have to be reminded that their parents also
haverights, and parents, especially those with unrealistic
ambitions for theiroffspring, or those determined to live
their lives again through theirchildren, must be taught to
give their children more independence.
47. It is suggested in the passage that the

generation gap between parents and their
teenage children ----..
A) can best be bridged through mutual understanding

and tolerance
B) has ruined many families and caused many

problems in education
C) has always been a primary concern among younger

doctors
D) is unnecessarily exaggerated by young doctors
E) could easily turn into a major problem that cannot

be solved
48. One understands from the passage that, in the

case of adolescents, ----..
A) parents rather than doctors know how to get over

problems of behaviour
B) staying out late at night must never be allowed by

parents
C) it is seldom that there arises a conflict with their

parents
D) changes in behaviour do, in fact, indicate a

statement of individuality
E) any disagreement with their parents mostly results

from family tensions
50. According to the passage, some parents think
that ----..
A) current norms of behaviour in society can never be

tolerated
B) children must never be allowed to act

independently or behave differently
C) it is not always helpful to consult a doctor about the

behaviour of their children
D) any disagreement with their children is an

indication of their abnormality
E) tensions in the family will always lead to an

unending generation battle
53. It is pointed out in the passage that research
findings ----..
cevaplaynz.
A) have endorsed earlier beliefs on the effectiveness

of sanctions
For centuries, when one country disapproved of another
country's behaviour, political leaders sought ways to B) reveal that war is inevitable regardless of whether
communicate their displeasure short of going to war. That sanctions are imposed or not
is the idea behind economic sanctions. Sanctions allow
countries to punish another government without having to C) are based on the examination of fewer than 200
resort to violence. At least, that was the idea. But a recent cases of sanctions
study reveals that sanctions actually make it far more
D) have come up with a guideline to impose sanctions
likely that two states will eventually meet on the
battlefield. The researchers examined more than two E) show that military conflict is a likely outcome of the
hundred cases of sanctions and found that, when imposition of sanctions
sanctions are added to the mix, military conflict is
extremely likely to occur between two countries than if
sanctions had not been imposed at all. Because countries
generally prefer to enact sanctions that are not especially
costly to themselves, target countries often interpret the
action as a lack of resolve. This interpretation may lead
the country being sanctioned to become provocative in its
actions, which may in turn pave the way for a military
confrontation.
51. The main idea in the passage is that ---- ..
A) military conflicts can usually be avoided when

sanctions are imposed
B) sanctions allow countries to examine their

differences with a view to finding a peaceful
outcome
C) there is hardly any country that has not imposed

sanctions on another
D) two countries are more likely to fight when

sanctions are imposed
E) economic sanctions are more effective than

military ones
52. As it is stated in the passage, for a long time

political leaders ----..
A) rejected the idea that an economic embargo is

more effective than waging a war
B) thought that economic sanctions would work
C) disapproved of other countries\' economic policies
D) believed a short war is as effective as economic

sanctions
E) preferred to punish other governments with

violence
54. According the passage, a country that has
received sanctions ----..
A) can always turn to its neighbours for help
B) waits for a suitable occasion to get them lifted
C) tends to believe that the other country lacks

resolve
D) is usually willing to come to terms with its

oppressor
E) soon gets used to them and is undisturbed by them

57. One can understand from the passage that the
newly-developed film ----..
cevaplaynz.
A) can only be applied to specially-designed solar

panels
Solar panels turn the sunlight into energy when the sun
shines directly on them, but as soon as the sunlight B) is about a hundred times as thick as human hair
decreases, so does efficiency. A new anti reflective film
coating could help panels collect sunshine at 96 per cent C) helps panels to reflect a greater amount of sunlight
efficiency from nearly any angle. The newly-developed
film consists of seven layers of nanoscopic silicon and D) works best with funnel-shaped photo voltaic panels
titanium-oxide rods arranged in increasing densities, with
E) has a layered structure, arranged in an ascending
the topmost nearly as porous as air. This funnel-like
order of density
structure captures light from almost every direction and
focuses it onto the photo voltaic panel while also inhibiting
reflection. The film, which is about one hundredth as thick
as a human hair, could easily be applied to any solar panel
and would help collect 20 per cent more light while
eliminating the need for the expensive hardware usually
used to rotate solar panels as the sun moves. Before the
new film can be marketed, the nanoscientists who
developed the filmvmust find a way to protect the
outermost layers from wind and heat, a process that
might take another year.
55. It can be inferred from the passage that ----..
A) antireflective films cause a decline in light

absorption
B) most panels in current use employ some

inexpensive software which decreases efficiency
C) even though the sunlight becomes weak, solar

panels maintain their efficiency
D) current solar panels are designed in such a way as

to turn almost any form of light into energy
E) reflection of light has an adverse effect on the

efficiency of solar panels
56. It is clear from the passage that ----..
A) the new panels have been on the market for a year
B) the antireflective film makes it unnecessary to

rotate solar panels
C) the existing software has to be improved to make

the new panels work
D) it took scientists a year to develop the new coating
E) the newly-developed software helps to rotate the

panels and so capture more sunlight
58. According to the passage, the panels currently in
use ----..
A) can be made to work much more efficiently with

the help of the newly-developed film
B) can capture enough light owing to their structure,

which is as porous as air
C) lose much of their efficiency as a result of

continuous exposure to wind and heat
D) are positioned at a certain angle with the help of

some expensive software
E) have been specially designed so that they reflect

light
61. It can be understood from the passage that when
oil or coal is burned, ----..
cevaplaynz.
A) there are few adverse effects upon the planet

The hope with biofuels is that they can offer acarbon- B) carbon-neutral energy sources are quickly
neutral energy source, because the crops that are grown exhausted
for fuel will remove as much carbon from the atmosphere
as will be released when they are eventually burned. This C) a significant amount of carbon is removed from the
is basically the same thing that happens when we burn atmosphere
coal or oil. The difference is that in the case of the latter,
the carbon was absorbed hundreds of millions of years D) there is less pollution than when any of the biofuels
are used
ago, and this is part of the problem. Humans will take just
a few hundred years to burn through tens of millions of E) the carbon that was absorbed millions of years ago
years of oil deposits. To grow enough crops to keep up is released
with our current demand will require lots of additional
lands to be cleared for agriculture. If rainforests are
cleared to plant sugar cane, all the carbon that is 62. It can be inferred from the passage that ----..
currently locked in the trees will be released. The other
problem is that adding nitrogen fertilizer to these crops A) the demand for biofuels is declining due to the
releases nitrogen oxide, which is another greenhouse gas. many disadvantages they present
A recent study showed that burning maize biofuels
actually increases greenhouse gas emissions for this B) plants used for biofuels can only be grown in fertile
reason. However, this is more the fault of the choice of lands
biofuel crop and the production method rather than a flaw
C) clearing rainforests for sugar cane production
in the biofuel concept as a whole. The shrub 'jatropha', for
seems to be the only way of reducing carbon
instance, can be grown on land too poor for trees or other
emissions
crops to grow on, and is already used for biodiesel in
India, Cambodia, and some African countries. D) the plant jatropha is a promising and more
environmentally friendly source of biofuel
E) sugar cane and maize are far better sources of

59. According to the passage, the use of nitrogen biofuels than jatropha, which impoverishes the soil
fertilizers for agricultural purposes ----..
63. - 67.sorularda, karlkl konumann bo

A) makes maize-based biofuels more environmentally
braklan ksmn tamamlayabilecek ifadeyi
friendly
bulunuz.
B) contributes to a rise in greenhouse gas emissions
C) has turned the maize into an excellent biofuel crop

63. Tom:- I am doing research on the French
D) helps to reduce greenhouse gas emissions resulting impressionists for a paper that I will present at a
from fossil fuel use conference in Paris.
Ron:- I know very little about them.
E) is a problematic and complicated process which is, Tom:- ----
nevertheless, desirable Ron:- I see. Actually, I have always admired their
paintings..
60. It is clear from the passage that the main
problemabout biofuels ----.. A) Because most art galleries rejected their work, they
organized their own independent exhibitions.
A) is the consequence of a lack of sufficient nitrogen
B) For instance, Czanne rejected traditional
fertilizers
perspective and put emphasis on the subjective
arrangement of colour and form.
B) is that the concept itself is faulty and should be
discarded
C) In my opinion, like most artistic movements,
modernism defined itself in opposition to a set of
C) results from the choice of plants for biofuel and
earlier principles.
production techniques
D) As an artist, Gauguin was very much influenced by
D) is essentially related to the methods used in the
the symbolist movement in the late 19th and early
production of fertilizers
20th centuries.
E) arises from the limitation of biofuel crops to maize
E) Well, they were a group of young artists such as
and jatropha
Czanne, Monet, Renoir and others who came to
prominence in the 1870s.
64. Paul:- Galileos pioneering work in astronomy 66. Jack:- Good morning, Dick. I see you are reading
brought him into conflict with the Church. an article. What is it about? A serious topic?
Bill:- Why do you call his work pioneering? Dick:- Yes, in my opinion, very serious, indeed. It
Paul:- ---- is about globalization but does not offer a full
Bill:- Surely, a set of new ideas. Moreover, we discussion.
mustnt forget that he was a great Jack:- ----
mathematician, too.. Dick:- So you see, it is a very broad and also
complicated subject. No simple and easy answers
to your questions..
A) He was convinced that Aristotles explanation of
the structure of the universe was inadequate and
had to be abandoned. A) Doesnt globalization generally mean that
information, ideas, goods, and people move rapidly
B) In the first place, the Church believed that his work and easily across national boundaries?
challenged its authority, and he was therefore put
on trial. B) Globalization has radically altered the distribution
of industry and patterns of trade around the world,
C) Actually, one of his lifes great scientific passions hasnt it?
was the problem of motion, particularly the motion
of objects on a moving earth. C) Dont you think globalization is the process of
creating political, social, economic, and cultural
D) Well, for the first time, he offered evidence that the networks that span the world?
earth moved, discovered Jupiters moons, and
formed some idea of the enormous distances D) Globalization? What, precisely, does the term
between the stars. mean? What causes or drives globalization, and
what are its effects?
E) At his trial, he argued that, if the Church refused to
recognize the new science and its explanation of E) Isnt it fair to say that, through globalization, the
the natural world, the authority of the Church worlds local, national, and regional economies
would suffer. have become far more connected and
interdependent?
65. Mother: - I think the child has anaemia.

Doctor:----
Mother:- Well, look at his face: he's so pale.
Doctor:- True. But the facial appearance may
be misleading..
A) Is he easily fatigued?
B) What grounds do you have for saying that?
C) How long has this been going on?
D) I think we\'d better check the haemoglobin level.
E) Possibly. See he eats plenty of meat, eggs and

green vegetables.
67. Jenny: How was the journey? Brian: Quite
pleasant, really. There was a gorgeous sunset.
Jenny: 'Sunset, ' did you say? Brian Brian: ____.
A) The sun sets later here than in the East.
B) Yes. I rarely get the chance to see a sunset, so I

thoroughly enjoyed watching it
C) If you want a really good sunset, there have to be

some clouds in the sky.
D) Yes. I find these short days and long nights

extremely depressing.
E) I suppose I did. But I didn\'t really mean to.

68. - 71.sorularda, verilen cmleye anlamca en
yakn cmleyi bulunuz.
68. The major drawbacks for the Indian economy had

mainly been due to the lack of electricity, but
these problems are now being solved..
A) The problems related to the Indian economy have

now been solved thanks to the increased supply of
electricity.
B) The development of the Indian economy had

focused principally on providing electricity, but this
is no longer the case.
C) In the past, it was mainly a shortage of electricity

that hindered the Indian economy, but this is now
being addressed.
D) Previously, the Indian economy had suffered

because of the high cost of electricity, yet this has
been solved.
E) There was a need to improve the Indian economy

by reducing its dependence on the provision of
electricity, a problem not yet solved.
69. Disparities in wealth are less visible in

Americans everyday lives today than they were
a century ago..
A) A hundred years ago, it was not easy to see the

differences between the wealthy and the poor in
America in terms of their daily lives.
B) Everyday life in America is very different today

from what it was a century ago, because people are
much wealthier now.
C) The differences in the way that wealthy American

people lived a hundred years ago were more
obvious than the current ones.
D) In American daily life today, you cant see such big

differences in the distribution of wealth as you
could a hundred years ago.
E) The everyday lives of most Americans show

disparities in wealth which were not seen a century
ago.
70. As far as we can tell, taxation began in Sumeria
around 5,000 years ago and it seems to have
been a creation of the combination of religion
and government..
A) We know that the Sumer was the first civilization to

develop a tax system which both addressed the
needs of their religion and political system at
around 5,000 years ago.
B) Approximately 5,000 years before the present, the

Sumer emerged and began to practice taxation
together with the development of their religious
and political systems.
C) It looks as if the Sumer were the first people to use

taxes in the maintenance of their religious and
political bodies founded 5,000 years ago but this is
a bit questionable.
D) As far as known in history, taxation emerged in the

Sumerian civilization nearly 5,000 years ago and it
appears that the clergy and the government
created it as a practice together.
E) Sumeria was the birthplace of what we today call

taxation and in human history their clergymen and
rulers were the first to use it as a combination
method almost 5,000 years ago.
71. There has never been a better time to be a virus

researcher, thanks in part to inexpensive genetic
sequencing that allows scientists to rapidly
isolate disease-causing microorganisms..
A) It is the best time for virus researchers as they now

have cheap techniques such as genetic sequencing
that helps them quickly recognize disease-causing
microorganisms.
B) Partly because of cheap genetic sequencing

techniques which enable scientists to separate
disease-causing microorganisms quickly, it is now a
perfect time to be a virus researcher.
C) Thanks to cheap genetic sequencing, virus

researchers have never had a better opportunity to
distinguish between disease-causing
microorganisms.
D) Inexpensive genetic sequencing, which makes it

possible for scientists to quickly separate
microorganisms into classes, has made the lives of
virus researchers easy.
E) Due to innovative genetic sequencing, virus

researchers are now having a great time partly
because they can easily distinguish disease-
causing microorganisms.
72. - 75.sorularda, bo braklan yere, parada
anlam btnln salamak iin
getirilebilecek cmleyi bulunuz.
72. A number of globalization issues involving

children require our thoughtful consideration and
action. ----. These children and their families
represent a challenge to educators because of
cultural and language barriers..
A) A great challenge in the twenty-first century is how

to enrich or give positive content to the process of
globalization
B) The effects of globalization are seen over a wide

spectrum of our lives, including childrens play and
peoples beliefs and attitudes about it
C) One can judge the quality of a nation by the

willingness of its citizens to care about other
peoples children
D) An educational consequence of globalization facing

many teachers of young children in the US and
elsewhere is the growing number of recent
immigrant children in classrooms
E) Conditions are being created so that more and

more people will come to have both a global
identity and a local identity (ones own cultural
reference group) in the twenty-first century
73. Detecting a virus on any nanosize particle

usually means fixing it to a substrate or
attaching a fluorescent probe to it, neither of
which is practical for detecting particles in real
time. ----.The system splits a laser beam in two,
sending one half to a sample. When the light hits
a small particle, it is reflected back and
recombined with the reserved half of the laser
beam, producing a detectable interference
pattern only when a moving particle is present..
A) The method works because it relies on the lights

amplitude rather than its intensity
B) The investigators have so far detected single

particles as small as seven nanometres across
C) Now physicists have assembled a simple system for

doing just that
D) A substrate is a substance that reacts when it

comes into contact with a particular enzyme
E) Amplitude is the square root of intensity

74. English is spoken by over a billion people around
the world: in other words, by more than a
quarter of the worlds population. It is the
mother tongue in the UK, in Australia and New
Zealand, and, of course, for the vast majority
people in North America. It is studied as a
foreign language all over the world but
particularly in Europe. ----.Have you ever thought
about how the language spoken by the
population of a small island should have become
so widespread?.
A) There is actually a strong French influence on the

English language
B) Indeed, one of the Germanic tribes the Angles

gave their name to the language that was to
become English
C) One big difference between the English of England

and the English of America is the accent
D) It is also the language of shipping and aviation, of

science, technology and commerce
E) English is still changing fast, and there are many

local varieties
75. Youth culture in America in the 1950s and 1960s

owed much to the hybrid musical style known as
rock and roll. During the 1930s and 1940s, the
synthesis of music produced by whites and
African Americans in the American South found
its way into northern cities. Indeed, from the
1950s onwards, black rhythm and blues
musicians and white Southern performers found
much wider audiences through the use of new
technology, such as electric guitars, better
equipment for studio recording, and wide-band
radio stations in large cities. The blend of styles
and sounds and the cultural daring of white
teenagers came to create rock and roll. ----.
A) This new music was exciting, sometimes

aggressive, but full of energy and with great appeal
for young listeners.
B) Much of the new mass culture of the 1960s

depended on the spending habits and desires of
the new generation.
C) The postwar desire to break with the past created

further impetus for change in every sense,
including politics.
D) In the 1950s, governments rather than markets

determined how consumer goods would be
distributed.
E) By the mid-1950s portable radios were being sold

in the United States and Europe.
78. (I) Galaxies have three common shapes. (II) One
76. - 80.sorularda, cmleler srasyla
is elliptical galaxies, which have an ovoid or
okunduunda parann anlam btnln globular shape and generally contain older stars.
bozan cmleyi bulunuz. (III) Another, spiral galaxies, which contain both
old and young stars, are disk-shaped with arms
that curve around the edges. (IV) Astronomers
believe that the Milky Way, of which our solar
76. (I) A longstanding issue in European prehistory is system is a part, is the largest galaxy. (V) Yet
that of the so-called megalithic monuments. (II) another type, irregular galaxies, have no regular
Similarly, in the 19thcentury, megaliths were structure, and their structures are believed to
seen as the work of a single group of people, have been distorted by collisions with other
who had migrated to western Europe. (III) These galaxies..
are impressive prehistoric structures built of
large stones. (IV) In general, the stones are
arranged to form a single chamber, buried under A) I
a mound of earth and entered from one side, and
the chambers maybe large with a long entrance B) II
passage. (V) Human remains and artifacts are
usually found within these structures, and it is C) III
clear that most served as collective burial
chambers, i.e., tombs for several people.. D) IV
E) V
A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V
77. (I) A blood transfusion is the transfer of blood or

a blood component from one person to another.
(II) Transfusions are given to increase the
bloods ability to carry oxygen, restore the
bodys blood volume, improve immunity and
correct clotting problems. (III) On some
occasions, the transfusion consists of only the
blood component that meets the patients
specific need, rather than whole blood. (IV) Thus,
depending on the reason for the transfusion, a
doctor may order a certain blood component
such as red blood cells and fresh frozen plasma.
(V) Thanks to better techniques for screening
blood, transfusions today are safer than ever..
A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V
79. (I) Plant biologists estimate that 25-50% of all
plant species are polyploids, that is, having three
or more sets of chromosomes. (II) Hybridization
between two species accounts for most of this
polyploidy, perhaps because the unusually
diverse assortment of genes a hybrid inherits
from parents of different species can be
advantageous. (III) Many of the plants we grow
for food are polyploids, including oats, potatoes,
bananas, plums, apples and wheat. (IV) Cotton,
also a polyploid, is the source of one of the
worlds most popular clothing fibres. (V) Cotton
thread is made from the long white plumes that
extend from the seeds of the plant..
A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V
80. (I) The London Games were a barrier breaker for

female athletes. (II) London distinguished itself
as the first Olympics in which all countries sent
teams of both genders. (III) Of course, there
were breath-taking events during the Games, but
the failure of the well-known American female
swimmers was a bit of a fiasco. (IV) Even
countries such as Qatar, Brunei and Saudi
Arabia, which have long abstained from sending
female athletes, competed in sports from
swimming to judo. (V) At the opening ceremony,
the International Olympic Committee president
noted that For the first time in Olympic history,
all the participating teams will have female
athletes..
A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V
SORU CEVAP SORU CEVAP
1 E 41 B
2 C 42 A
3 B 43 E
4 B 44 B
5 D 45 C
6 B 46 E
7 C 47 A
8 E 48 D
9 A 49 B
10 C 50 D
11 B 51 D
12 A 52 B
13 D 53 E
14 E 54 C
15 B 55 E
16 A 56 B
17 C 57 E
18 B 58 A
19 D 59 B
20 A 60 C
21 E 61 E
22 A 62 D
23 C 63 E
24 D 64 D
25 E 65 B
26 B 66 D
27 D 67 A
28 E 68 C
29 E 69 D
30 C 70 A
31 D 71 B
32 A 72 D
33 B 73 C
34 B 74 D
35 B 75 A
36 B 76 B
37 B 77 E
38 D 78 D
39 C 79 E
40 B 80 C
27
5. There are digest magazines that gather articles
and even books from a variety of sources and
uygun den szck ya da ifadeyi bulunuz. condense them for us so that we can easily ----
new developments..
1. To a psychologist, personality consists of A) get along with

persistent ---- of thought, emotion and
behaviour.. B) look up to
C) keep up with
A) belongings
D) make away with
B) patterns
E) take over from
C) compliments
D) inventions
E) services
2. There is ---- debate amongst economists as to

what the main causes of unemployment are..
A) inadequate
B) efficient
C) criminal
D) considerable
E) virtuous
3. Whatever your age and your circumstances

are, the best way to minimize any health risks is
to ---- healthy habits..
A) adopt
B) consume
C) withdraw
D) relieve
E) illustrate
4. If a student appears to be ---- behind the

expected level for a class, a teacher may require
them to take a remedial class..
A) carefully
B) fluently
C) immediately
D) ultimately
E) significantly
6. The term Great Depression is used to describe
the global economic crisis that ---- the Wall
Street stock market crash of October 29, 1929..
A) made up
B) ran out of
C) resulted from
D) came up with
E) caught up with
7. This morning it ---- in the news that the great

Italian tenor Pavarotti ---- of pancreatic cancer
soon after midnight..
A) had been reported / died
B) is reported / would die
C) is being reported / dies
D) was reported / had died
E) has been reported / could have died
8. With its superior fire power, NATO ---- any battle,

but it ---- the war in Afghanistan. .
A) had won / loses
B) can win / is losing
C) has won / lost
D) would have won / had lost
E) is winning / was losing
9. ---- coping with the bitterly cold temperatures,

any explorer attempting to cross the Arctic has -
--- to battle with the strong tidal pull on the ice..
A) Besides / also
B) As well as / even so
C) In spite of / as much
D) Including / moreover
E) Contrary to / nevertheless
10. The motive was ---- aesthetic and social ---- they
sought to bring good design within the reach of
the ordinary man..
A) so / in that
B) both / because
C) just as / that
D) as much / as
E) too / therefore
11. ---- the recent rise in unemployment largely 15. In order to be considered a bribe, the object of
affects eastern Germany, there is considerable value must be offered and accepted with the
unrest in western Germany, too.. understanding that the person who accepts the
bribe will be doing something ----..
A) Since
A) in part
B) In case
B) in return
C) Although
C) at this rate
D) Unless
D) on account
E) Until
E) so as
12. The French hikers who were lost in a jungle in

French Guiana ---- for seven weeks if they ----
turtle meat and river water..
A) wouldn\'t survive / hadn\'t been consuming
B) aren\'t able to survive / didn\'t consume
C) couldn\'t have survived / hadn\'t consumed
D) didn\'t survive / wouldn\'t be consuming
E) mustn\'t have survived / aren\'t consuming
13. Researchers disagree ---- whether a large

ocean ever existed on Mars, but one thing is
certain: Martian geology is turning ---- to be
strange and complex..
A) of / round
B) in / over
C) for / up
D) on / out
E) about / in
14. An understanding of the link ---- inflammation

and cancer requires knowing how the body
reacts ---- invaders..
A) with / through
B) between / to
C) to / for
D) by / from
E) in / over
16. The breakdown of food is the primary manner ----
the body produces energy..
A) in case
B) by which
C) whether
D) that
E) although
21. V.
da ifadeyi bulunuz. A) frequent
B) momentous
Legend states that King Aegeus sent his son Theseus at C) average
the head of an expedition toCreate, but (I) ---- King Aegeus
was misinformed (II) ---- the outcome of his son's D) glorious
expedition, thinking that he had lost his son, the king
threw himself into the sea (III) ---- and drowned. According E) several
to legend, the Aegean Sea was so named (IV)---- the direct
result of King Aegeus's suicide, which was a (V) ---- event
to his people.
17. I.
A) markedly
B) unfortunately
C) indirectly
D) comparatively
E) notably
18. II.
A) as to
B) much as
C) as for
D) so as
E) such as
19. III.
A) at the expense
B) for sure
C) by the way
D) in particular
E) in despair
20. IV.
A) by
B) in
C) to
D) as
E) of
26. V.
da ifadeyi bulunuz. A) tried out
B) watched out
Fossilhunters discovered (I) ---- of a 6-million-year-old C) died out

human ancestor, dubbedOrrorin tugenensis, at a Kenyan
site in 2000. Their analysis of upper-legfossils from Orrorin D) asked out
suggested that it walked upright in a surprisingly
modernway, (II) ---- like 2-million-yearold Homo erectus E) put out
than the 3- to4-million-year-old australopithecines, the
group that includes the partialskeleton (III) ---- as Lucy. A
new study of the most complete Orrorin leg bone,(IV) ---- 27. - 36.sorularda, verilen cmleyi uygun
includes the shaft and knob that connected the upper leg ekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz.
to thepelvis, reaches a different conclusion. Orrorin in fact
shared a distinctivehip arrangement with
australopithecines, as well as with a related line offossil
species, Paranthropus, that eventually (V) ----. 27. As students in medieval universities advanced in
their studies, ----..
A) literacy in the Middle Ages was generally limited to

22. I. the clergy
B) the rise of lay education was the most important

A) products development in medieval Europe
B) effects C) they were also expected to develop their skills in
public speech
C) remains
D) the term university originally meant a
D) disturbances
corporation or a guild
E) explanations
E) the numbers of those educated at all levels vastly
increased in the late Middle Ages
23. II.
28. ----, but it is not enough to stop malaria. .
A) least
A) The parasites infect the red blood cells
B) few
B) The shapes of these proteins were constantly
C) more
changing
D) a few
C) A malaria vaccine would have to fulfill two
functions
E) many
D) Encouraging the immune system to create
24. III. antibodies is useful
E) Antibodies cannot access the insides of cells where

A) knew the parasites are usually to be found
B) to know
29. ---- even before Europe started interfering in its
C) to be known local affairs..
D) having known
A) Some countries certainly had strategic importance
E) known
B) The 19 th century was a time of great scientific
advances
25. IV.
C) North Africa had many serious problems
A) that D) The potential for the exploitation of resources in

Europe was limited
B) what
E) Libya and Sudan had a peaceful period of economic
C) who development
D) which
E) when
30. Once individuals lose status, either through 34. Earths temperature shows significant variations
separation from a partner or loss of 'resource ----..
earning potential' like job, money or home, ----..
A) because the suns energy does not uniformly reach

A) the common phenomenon known as depression is all places
usually the result of failure
B) even though the atmosphere is an invisible layer of
B) the proposed ranking hypothesis fits very well with gases that envelops the Earth
the psychoanalytic model
C) whether or not oxygen and nitrogen are the
C) modern evolutionary psychology emphasizes a predominant gases in the atmosphere
more adaptational aspect to evolution
D) in case the atmosphere performs several
D) they become vulnerable to aggression and ecologically important functions
displacement from high-ranking types within their
social group E) as deep ocean currents often travelled in different
directions and at different speeds
E) biological models concentrate much more on the
individual and his or her internal workings
35. Quantum theory is the most useful scientific
theory ever devised, ----..
31. As soon as a diagnosis of vasculitis has been
established, ----. .
A) since it is impossible to know everything about the
world
A) this would amount to aggressive therapy
B) provided that theorists are perplexed by its
B) a decision regarding therapeutic strategy must be equations
made
C) even though understanding it could bring new
C) in general, aggressive therapy should be avoided scientific insights
D) the drug will be discontinued immediately on D) while physicists found evidence that a single
remission photon of light was capable of being in two places
at the same time
E) this produced an adequate response almost
immediately E) whereas some scientists choose simply to ignore
most of its uses
32. Coal burning is responsible for 40 per cent of the

30 billion tonnes of carbon dioxide ----.. 36. The traditional Middle Eastern diet, which relies
heavily on lean meat, salads, vegetables, and
fruit, is a healthy one, ----..
A) though it poses a huge threat to most organisms
B) as if it were one of the major factors causing global A) even though it is often served in expensive
warming restaurants
C) that is emitted by human activity every year B) just as one must pay close attention to ones own
health
D) since we are all aware of the dangers of climate
change C) as long as you intend to share it with other people
E) whereby plants and some animal species interact D) if one is careful enough to follow it in moderation
and not to excess
33. Climatologists are not certain about the number E) when more and more Europeans have travelled to
of hurricanes that occurred worldwide the Gulf Area
before1970, ----..
A) although the historical data are too inconsistent to

allow firm conclusions
B) given that sea-surface temperatures are a key

driver of hurricane formation
C) since an unprecedented four hurricanes hit Florida

in the summer of 2004
D) which global warming has led to more intense

storms
E) when satellite observations became routine

39. Bugn Likyallar hakknda bildiklerimiz, 19. yzyl
balarnda ngiliz arkeolog Charles Fellowsun
anlamca en yakn Trke cmleyi, Trke onlarn uygarlna ilikin olarak sylediklerinden
cmleye anlamca en yakn ngilizce cmleyi ok daha fazladr..
bulunuz.
A) Today, we know so much about the Lycians that

what the British archaeologist Charles Fellows said
in the early 19th century about the Lycian
37. nsan vcudu, her biri, yaam srdrmek iin
civilization has lost its importance.
gerekli olan bir ilevi yerine getiren ayr ayr
organ ve dokulardan olumu son derece
B) The British archaeologist Charles Fellows was the
karmak bir sistemdir..
first to talk about the Lycians in the early 19th
century, but today we know a lot more about them.
A) The human body is a highly complex system made
up of separate organs and tissues, each performing C) Today, what we know about the Lycians is far more
a function essential to maintaining life. than what the British archaeologist Charles Fellows
said in the early 19th century about their
B) Since the human body consists of many different civilization.
organs and tissues, each of which has a function
essential for the maintenance of life, it is to be D) The Lycians were first studied by the British
compared to an extremely complex system. archaeologist Charles Fellows in the early 19th
century, but what we know about their civilization
C) The human body, which is an extremely complex has become much more.
system, is made up of innumerable organs and
tissues which have separate functions essential for E) Although the Lycians were first described by the
the maintenance of life. British archaeologist Charles Fellows in the early
19th century, today we have much broader
D) The presence of many different organs and tissues, knowledge of their civilization.
each of which performs a function necessary for
maintaining life, makes the human body a very
40. When scientists realized that DNA is the
complicated system.
substance that determines heredity, they wanted
to understand its structure..
E) The human body is so complicated a system that
each of the organs and tissues it consists of
performs a function vital for maintaining life. A) Bilim adamlar DNA'nn kaltm belirleyen madde
olduunu fark edince, onun yapsn anlamak
istediler.
38. Olimpiyat Oyunlar, balangta bir gn sren
eitli spor etkinliklerinden oluuyordu, ancak
B) Kaltm belirleyen maddenin DNA olduu fark
gnmzde haftalarca sren dnya apnda bir
edilince, bilim adamlar onun yapsn anlamak iin
spor olay olmutur..
altlar
A) Although the Olympic Games were initially different C) Bilim adamlar DNA'nn kaltm belirleyen madde
sporting activities which lasted for one day, today olduunu fark ederek onun yapsn anlamak iin
they have turned into a worldwide sports event and altlar.
take several weeks.
D) Bilim adamlar DNA'nn yapsn anlamak isterken
B) At the beginning, the Olympic Games consisted of bunun kaltm belirleyen madde olduunu fark
various sporting activities, lasting for one day, but ettiler.
in our time, they have become a worldwide sports
event, lasting for weeks. E) DNA'nn yapsn anlamak isteyen bilim adamlar,
bunun kaltm belirleyen madde olduunu
C) Originally, the Olympic Games took place on one biliyorlard.
day and included different kinds of sports, but
today they have developed into a major sports 41. Alsace is one of the most densely populated
event in the world, lasting for many weeks. regions of France, the rural population being
particularly high in the Rhine plain..
D) Once the Olympic Games lasted only for one day
and consisted of many different sporting activities,
but today they have become one of the major A) Alsas, Ren Ovas'nda zellikle yksek olan krsal
sports events in the world, which last several nfusla, Fransa'nn en youn nfuslu blgelerinden
weeks. biridir.
E) Today the Olympic Games are a major sports event B) Alsas, Fransa'nn en kalabalk yerleim
in the world, and last many weeks, even though at blgelerinden biridir ve krsal nfus younluu
the beginning they were only a one day sports zellikle Ren Ovas'nda yksektir.
event.
C) zellikle Ren Ovas'ndaki youn krsal nfusu ile
Alsas, Fransa'da yerleimin en youn olduu
blgedir.
D) Ren Ovas'nda krsal nfusun ok yksek olmas,

Alsas', Fransa'nn en youn nfuslu blgesi haline
getirmitir.
E) Fransa'nn en youn nfuslu blgelerinden biri olan

Alsas'n, krsal kesim nfusu zellikle Ren Ovas'nda
ok yksektir.
42. Biological warfare is the use for destructive
purposes of bacteria, viruses, fungi, or other
biological agents in order to spread disease or
death among the enemy's people or livestock..
A) Zarar vermek amacyla, bakterilerin, virslerin,

mantarlarn veya baka biyolojik ajanlarn
kullanlmas yoluyla dman halka veya onlarn
hayvanlarna hastalk veya lm samak biyolojik
savatr.
B) Biyolojik savata, bakteri, virs, mantar gibi

biyolojik ajanlar kullanlarak dman halka veya
onlarn hayvanlarna hastalk veya lm salr.
C) Dmann halknn ve hayvanlarnn biyolojik

ajanlarla ldrlmesi veya hasta edilmesi demek
olan biyolojik savata, bakteriler, virsler ve
mantarlar kullanlr
D) Bakterileri, virsleri, mantarlar veya dier biyolojik

ajanlar kullanarak, dman halka veya onlarn
hayvanlarna hastalk veya lm samak, biyolojik
sava olarak adlandrlr.
E) Biyolojik sava, dmann halkna veya

hayvanlarna hastalk veya lm samak iin
bakterilerin, virslerin, mantarlarn veya baka
biyolojik ajanlarn tahripkar amalarla
kullanlmasdr.
46. It is stated in the passage that exposure
tosunlight ----..
cevaplaynz.
A) is the only way by which one can benefit from UV

radiation
Dark-skinned people require longer sunlightexposure than
light-skinned people: heavilypigmented skin arrives at the B) has little effect upon the synthesis of vitamin D
same plateau ofvitamin D synthesis in three hours as fair
skinin 30 minutes. The ultraviolet (UV) rays of thesun that C) is far more hazardous than exposure to tanning
promote vitamin D synthesis areblocked by heavy clouds, lamps
smoke or smog.Differences in skin pigmentation and
smogmay account for the finding that dark-skinnedpeople D) affects dark people and fair people differently as
regards their synthesis of vitamin D
in northern, smoggy cities are moreprone to rickets. For
these people, and forthose who are unable to go E) should be avoided by dark-skinned people
outdoorsfrequently, dietary vitamin D is most
important.Deficiency is especially likely in older
adultsbecause they typically drink little or no milk, their
exposure to sunlight is limited, and theskin, liver and
kidneys lose their ability to makeand activate vitamin D
with advancing age.Depending on the UV radiation used,
the UVrays from tanning lamps and tanning boothsmay
also stimulate vitamin D synthesis but thehazards
outweigh any possible benefits. If thelamps are not
properly filtered, people usingtanning booths risk burns,
damage to the eyesand blood vessels, and skin cancer.
43. It is pointed out in the passage that peopleof

advanced age ----..
A) usually suffer from kidney and liver disorders
B) easily develop skin cancer through exposure to UV

rays
C) often tend to have a vitamin D deficiency
D) shouldn\'t live in northern climates where rickets is

rather common
E) are particularly prone to complications arising from

exposure to sunlight
44. The passage contains a warning ----..
A) against the use of tanning lamps and booths
B) for people living in northern cities that they should

drink more milk
C) that dark-skinned people should avoid exposure to

UV rays
D) that the incidence of rickets is increasing rapidly in

northern climates
E) that elderly people should drink little or no milk
45. According to the passage, the synthesis

ofvitamin D in the body ----..
A) remains constant from birth to death
B) is hindered by overcast skies and air pollution
C) can only be achieved when there is stimulation

from exposure to sunlight
D) is not in any way affected by the skin\'s

pigmentation
E) is of little importance for people living in northern

climates
50. We learn from the passage that the poet
Crabbern ----..
cevaplaynz.
A) often wrote poems about the sea and about the

men who risked their lives to go out fishing
Few operas are as rooted in one place as Benjamin
Britten's Peter Grimes. The title character is a darksouled B) was fascinated by madness and by what made
fisherman who goes mad after the death of his people go mad
apprentice.Grimes was the invention of the poet George
Crabbe, who grew up in Aldeburgh, on the eastern coast C) was a lonely person and took very little interest in
of England, in the later part of the eighteenth what was going on around him
century.Crabbe apparently based Grimes on a detested
D) was a close friend of Benjamin Britten
local character. Montaga Slater, the opera's librettist,
wove his elaboration of the tale into various Aldeburgh E) based his character on a local man
settings. Britten, who was a resident of the same town for
most of his adult life, brilliantly evoked its sights and
sounds in his music the crying of gulls, the creaking of
buoys, the endless booming of the waves. The obvious
way to stage Grimes is to recreate the original setting of
Aldeburgh and let Britten's flawless score do the rest. This
was the approach taken by Tyrone Guthrie, who first
directed the opera at Covent Garden's famous opera
house, in 1947.
47. One major point made in this review about the

opera Peter Grimes is that ----..
A) the sea is the dominating force in the opera
B) it has not received the acclaim it merits
C) it is firmly set in a very specific part of England
D) the strange madness of Grimes gives scope to

much truly magnificent music
E) it is the first opera in which Benjamin Britten has

shown any originality
48. The writer of this review is very clearly ----..
A) rather critical of the stage settings in Tyrone

Guthrie\\'s production
B) someone who knows very little about the town of

Aldeburgh
C) shocked by the cruelty of the title character
D) a great admirer of the music of Benjamin Britten
E) less interested in music than in the sounds of the

natural world
49. We understand from the passage that the people

who contributed in an important way to the Peter
Grimes opera ----..
A) are planning to make certain changes in the next

production
B) had close connections with Aldeburgh
C) had grown up together in Aldeburgh
D) were all fascinated by the character of Peter

Grimes
E) knew from the beginning that it would be

extremely successful
53. According to the passage, regardless of how
impartially they are written, history textbooks -
cevaplaynz. ---..
A) need to teach both the past and the future

History is one of the few school subjectscommonly
mandated in education systems throughout the world. B) serve a purpose other than intended
Furthermore, theuse of history textbooks to support
student learning is an almost universallyaccepted C) are the best options for cultural transmission
practice. However, the widespread international presence
of the humblehistory textbook should not disguise its D) affect ideologically the youth more than adults
ideological and cultural potency.Indeed, essential to
E) can never be completely objective and neutral
understanding the power and importance of
historytextbooks is to appreciate that in any given culture
they typically exist asthe keepers of ideas, values and 54. It can be inferred from the passage that the
knowledge. No matter how neutral historytextbooks may author ----..
appear, they are ideologically important, because they
often seekto inject the youth with a hared set of values,
A) is in favour of using history textbooks to inform
national ethos and anincontrovertible sense of political people about international relations
orthodoxy. Textbooks stand as culturalartefacts that
embody a range of issues associated with ideology, B) sets out to emphasize the use of history textbooks
politics andvalues which in themselves function at a to instil national values in the young generation
variety of different levels of power, statusand influence.
Embedded in history textbooks are narratives and stories C) is of the opinion that textbooks on history are easy
thatnation states choose to tell about themselves and to write
their relations with othernations. Typically, they represent
D) believes in the necessity of locally produced history
a core of cultural knowledge which futuregenerations are
textbooks to bring about world peace
expected both to assimilate and support.
E) is trying to persuade the reader of the importance
of understanding history
51. According to the passage, history textbooks ----..
A) are now being rewritten with a more international

and universal outlook to rectify past
misunderstandings between nations
B) are now being rewritten with a more international

and universal outlook to rectify past
misunderstandings between nations
C) should be written in a neutral and unbiased way so

that future generations can have a healthy
understanding of history
D) not only have educational, but also ideological

functions, serving to transmit a nation states
values
E) consist of baseless stories and narratives rather

than historical facts that are more important for a
nation states survival
52. It is stated in the passage that ----..
A) some countries have been more successful in

producing more neutral and less ideological history
textbooks than others
B) in many nations, debates over the content and

format of history textbooks continue to generate
considerable political conflict
C) nations attempt to provide future generations with

particular values that will ensure the continuation
of existing structures
D) history textbooks have become more politicized

after the emergence of nation states to preserve
national identity
E) many educational systems throughout the world

include history in their curriculum to enhance
political literacy
57. The passage makes it clear that animals that are
active at night ----..
cevaplaynz.
A) follow and catch insects and moths by using their

sense of hearing and smell
It is to a plants advantage to be visually attractive to a
specific pollinator so that those animals will seek out and B) have a strong sense of vision, which helps them to
concentrate on that particular plant during their search for find food more easily
nectar. This keeps pollen from being spread to other plant
species, where pollination wont take place. Flowers C) see things that are invisible to other animals with
appeal to their pollinators sensory systems by using the help of their ultraviolet vision
signals such as alluring odours or colours. Flowers
D) rely on powerful scents to attract other animals
pollinated by nocturnal animals like bats and moths, which
rely more on hearing than smell and sight, usually have E) are attracted mostly to flowers with dull colours but
dull colours but powerful scents. Flowers pollinated by strong scents
daytime animals like birds and bees, however, rely ona
range of colours. Birds see a spectrum somewhat similar
to ours but are especially receptive to red, so blossoms
pollinated by them tend to be red or orange. Bees, on the
other hand, see a different spectrum composed of yellow,
blue, green, and ultraviolet. Flowers pollinated by bees,
hence, tend tobe in those colours and usually have special
markings that are visible only in ultraviolet. Like runway
lights, these markings guide insects to the right place to
land and find nectar, and in the process, pollinate the
plant.
55. According to the passage, birds ----..
A) see a colour spectrum that is identical to humans
B) are attracted to plants that have red or orange

blossoms
C) can see dull colours much better than bees and

other insects
D) play a little part in pollination
E) and bees are far more sensitive to colours than

insects
56. It can be understood from the passage

thatspecial markings on some flowers ----..
A) enable nocturnal animals to pollinate flowers
B) repel insects with ultraviolet vision
C) help certain pollinators to find the right spot to land
D) are often misleading to the pollinators
E) can be seen by both birds and humans

58. The passage is mainly concerned with ----..
A) the significance of plants in the food chain
B) the question of why birds and insects have

common traits
C) how colour and smell play a major role in plant

pollination
D) the kinds of nocturnal animals that are active in

pollination
E) the process of pollination that takes place in the

plant world
61. According to the passage, the organs and
muscles of the baby mammoth ----..
cevaplaynz.
A) make the animal inapt for a CT scan

A 37, 000-year-old baby mammoth could help to explain B) will give scientists an insight into the survival and
why the ancient species became extinct as well as giving adaptation skills of the mammoths
an insight into climate change. Researchers at a Japanese
medical school carried out a computed tomography (CT) C) were found to be different from those of the other
scan of the mammoth, which was found frozen in Northern members of the same species
Siberia. They produced some high-resolution 3D pictures
which are being analyzed to find out about the animals D) did not provide any new insight about the species
internal organs and diet, and to work outhow she died.
E) were found to be similar to those of the reindeer
The mammoths tissues and skeleton have been studied that lived in the same area
at a zoological museum in Russia. Air samples from her
lungs will also be analyzed forclues to the Earths
atmosphere at the time of her death. The mammoth,
named Lyuba, was found by a reindeer herder buried in
permafrost. She is unusual because of the proportion of
her body that ispreserved. According to one expert
working on Lyuba, with fossils, scientists generally get
onlybones and teeth, but this specimen is special in that
there are also the organs and muscles. The same expert
notes that it will be interesting to see how this animal
managed to adapt to life high in the Arctic and was able to
survive, especially in the Ice Age.
59. It is clear from the passage that the mammoth

Lyuba is considered extraordinary because ----..
A) it had remained buried in permafrost
B) a great part of its body was conserved
C) it was found by a reindeer herder
D) its body was unusually disproportionate
E) it was a rather muscular animal
60. It can be inferred from the text that ----..
A) Lyuba was a special animal with unusual features
B) there were many animals left in the high Arctic by

the Ice Age
C) reindeer were the dominant species in Siberia

some 37,000 years ago
D) scientists have adequate information as to why

mammoths disappeared
E) most fossils do not provide pre-historic air samples

62. It is clear from the passage that the CT scan
ofthe mammoth ----..
A) did not yield the expected result, as the animal had

remained in permafrost for too long
B) was carried out in northern Siberia
C) provided extensive information on the Earths

atmosphere at the time of her death
D) is sure to offer scientists insight into climate

change
E) is expected to give scientists an idea about the

eating habits of the animal

bulunuz.
63. Gillian:- What do you think of 'home telecare'?

Lee:- When properly used, it can be extremely
effective.
Gillian:- ----
Lee:- Well, it can't be used in all circumstances;
but it really does make it possible for frail
patients to stay at home and still be cared for..
A) Has it ever been used except in really remote

areas?
B) What do you mean by
C) Does it remind patients to take their medication?
D) Is it adding to national health care costs or

reducing them?
E) How expensive is it?

64. Roger:- Organ transplants are now an everyday
event. Where do all the organs come from?
David:- ----
Roger:- Why not?
David:- They prefer to concentrate on the main
job which is saving lives..
A) A lot of people are very willing to donate organs.
B) I don\'t know. But they are always in short supply.
C) That is something most surgeons don\'t concern

themselves with.
D) Is it true that organ sellers are usually socially

marginal?
E) A living donor registry may be set up to monitor

health consequences to donors.
65. Matthew :- Well, what did you think of the last 67. Patrick : Why are you so insistent that we must
candidate? Richard :- He's easily the best of the find a framework of collective security that does
ones we've interviewed. Matthew :_______ Richard not rely on nuclear deterrence?
:- Yes, he does. And after all, that's very high on Mark: ----
our list of requirements.. Patrick : Why is that?
Mark: Surely it's obvious: they have no cities that
can be bombed in reply and they are not
A) Right. And he really does have a good command of focussed on self-preservation..
spoken English.
B) Do you think so? I\'m not quite sure myself. A) l am convinced that reliance on nuclear weapons
will be obsolete in the near future.
C) Undoubtedly. But I had hoped we\'d find someone
more experienced in field work. B) Because the very existence of nuclear weapons
gives rise to the pursuit of them.
D) And how bad most of them were!
C) Because we need to work towards global security
E) Let\'s give him a try then. We really need someone
urgently D) Actually Im not: I don\'t think it\'s feasible.
E) Because the rise of terrorist groups makes this

66. Jennifer: You know l took a course in finance, but essential.
I really cannot follow these arguments that
are going on concerning the stock markets.
Colin: That's because in finance text books,
markets are perfect and stock prices reflect all
available financial information.
Jennifer: ----
Colin: Exactly..
A) Can\'t they do something to ensure that individual

stocks are more accurately valued?
B) But how are investors reacting?
C) Are genuine earnings actually appreciably lower

than investors have been led to believe?
D) I suppose you\'re actually saying that in the real

world this is not the case; is that it?
E) Actually, I reckon the buying and selling of stocks is

basically a form of gambling; what do you think?
68. Those opposed to gambling continue to

argue the case against it on social and
moral grounds..
A) Those who are against gambling continue to state

the moral and social reasons for the stand they
take.
B) Those who are against gambling usually take a

moral or a social stand against it.
C) There are two basic grounds for opposing

gambling, the moral and the social.
D) The case against gambling is usually based on both

moral and social grounds.
E) They continue to oppose gambling and cite various

moral and social reasons for the stand they take.
69. Information systems technology is one of

several tools available to managers for coping
with change..
A) The best means by which managers can cope with

change is Information systems technology.
B) Information systems technology is the one medium

which managers turn to when change becomes
inevitable.
C) With the introduction of information systems

technology managers now have a tool to ensure
they can cope with change.
D) Information systems technology is one of a number

of mediums which managers can turn to when
faced with change.
E) With the assistance of, for instance, information

systems technology, managers find they can keep
control over change.
70. Lets go shopping sometime mid-week, it gets so
crowded at the weekends..
A) I always like to shop mid-week as everywhere is so

crowded at weekends.
B) Why dont we get this shopping done before the

rush hour starts?
C) I suggest we avoid the weekend and do our

shopping in the middle of the week when its
quieter.
D) I find it impossible to shop at weekends because

there are so many people everywhere.
E) The best time to go shopping is mid-week when it

is usually reasonably quiet.
71. Despite their declaration of intellectual
independence from the past, Enlightenment
thinkers owed a great debt to their anlam btnln salamak iin
predecessors.. getirilebilecek cmleyi bulunuz.
A) Enlightenment intellectuals asserted that they were

totally indifferent to the past, but they owed a 72. In antiquity, Miletus was a centre for speculative
great deal to the thinkers of the past. thinking and philosophy. Beginning in the sixth
century B.C., a series of thinkers known as the
B) Contrary to what they thought about the past, pre-Socratics raised serious questions about the
Enlightenment thinkers were much influenced by relationship between the natural world, the
those who had come before them. gods, and men. The most famous of the pre-
Socratics were Thales, Anaximander, and
C) Even though Enlightenment thinkers openly Anaximenes, who represented the so-called
claimed that intellectually they were free from the Milesian School. They seem to have been
past, they were greatly indebted to those thinkers remarkably familiar with Babylonian astronomy. -
who had preceded them. --- In other words, through their observations,
they began to formulate rational theories to
D) The past never aroused any interest in explain the physical universe..
Enlightenment intellectuals, although they were
essentially inspired by the thinkers of the past.
A) The Milesians were very active in Egypt, where
E) Although Enlightenment intellectuals took no they founded many colonies which became their
interest in the past, they were much involved in the main trading outposts.
study of their predecessors ideas.
B) Stimulated by the cosmopolitanism of their city,
they also began to rethink their place in the human
world.
C) Calculating and observing the movements of the

heavens, they sought physical explanations for
what they saw.
D) After the Persian conquest of Anatolia, many of the

Milesian philosophers fled to Sicily and southern
Italy.
E) Miletus had long been a part of the Greek world,

but Babylonian influences also shaped Milesian
culture in important ways.
73. Isaac Newton and Francis Bacon were considered
by their contemporaries to be ornaments of the
English humanities, and many whom we now call
scientists were called natural philosophers in
their day. ----. According to the Oxford English
Dictionary, the earliest use of the term was in
1840..
A) Inspired by the example of the University of Berlin,

other institutions of learning were beginning to
detach themselves from theology and classics and
devote themselves to research
B) Sigmund Freud considered himself a biologist of

the mind
C) Charles Darwin was a man driven to explain his

ideas in rational terms
D) The term scientist was only invented in the 19th

century as a kind of counterpart to the term artist
E) Human life was illuminated by being compared to a

chariot pulled by two horses of different
temperaments, a flowing stream, or the task of
pushing a stone up a hill
74. ----. This is not true. Of course you are always
free to create your own programmes. But most
people who use computers buy standard
programmes. Some get special programmes
prepared for them by professionals. Then all that
they have to do is to load the programme into
the computer memory..
A) It seems that there is hardly a work place now that

is not computerized
B) The computer has developed fast over the last few

decades
C) Computers now play a vital part in scientific

research
D) People often think that if you use a computer, you

must programme it yourself
E) Some scientists use computers to make detailed

models of complex systems
75. On the whole, only one-third of the oil in an

oil field can be brought to the surface. Some
is forced out by gas pressure when a well is
drilled, and engineers can sometimes pump
water to drive out more. ----. And although
plastics can be used to block stringers or even to
increase the viscosity of the water, they are very
expensive. It has been suggested that the
problem can be solved effectively with the help
of tiny bacteria that form biofilms to block
fissures..
A) When oil companies want to squeeze more crude

oil out of an oil well, they usually turn to experts in
physics, chemistry or engineering
B) But if the water escapes through layers of

permeable rock called stringers, this strategy will
fail
C) When an oil well shows signs of running dry, it is

time to call in experts to stop it leaking away
D) Biofilms grow on every surface where there are

bacteria
E) Biofilms can make oil wells up to 20 per cent more

productive
okunduunda parann anlam btnln
bozan cmleyi bulunuz.
76. (I) Most people believe that some drugs are

acceptable and even desirable because of the
medical benefits they confer. (II) But all
psychoactive drugs drugs that cross the blood-
brain barrier and alter mental functioning are
potentially harmful to health. (III) Even drugs
that are not psychoactive have the potential for
unpleasant side effects. (IV) For a time, cocaine
was used as an anaesthetic for surgery,
especially eye surgery. (V) For example,
antihistamines may cause confusion, dizziness,
dry mouth and blurred vision..
A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V
77. (I) Writing, at its best, is a lonely life. (II)

Organizations for writers may ease the writers
loneliness, but rarely help him to improve his
writing. (III) Once a writer sheds his loneliness,
he may grow in public stature, but his work often
deteriorates. (IV) The writer should always try
for something that has never been done or that
others have tried to do and failed. (V) This is
because he needs to do his work alone, and if he
is a good writer, he must face eternity, or the
lack of it, each day..
A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V
78. (I) Kayseri is struggling to promote its tourist 79. (I) Oil wealth in Venezuela has given rise to
attractions and convention facilities to the rising grand aspirations ever since 1922, when a
number of visitors from Muslim and European blowout of oil sprayed black rain over the
countries. (II) With a population of more than small town of Cabimas. (II) By 1928, Venezuela
one million, Kayseri currently exports goods had become the worlds largest oil exporter, with
ranging from textile to processed food to more Venezuelans of all classes acquiring costly
than a hundred countries. (III) The municipality, Yanqui tastes. (III) In recent surveys, a majority
together with local businessmen, has allocated a of Venezuelans said they had benefitted from
budget for the construction of new hotels, government spending on food and health care as
exhibition halls and meeting centres to host well as on education. (IV) In 1976, the
tourists. (IV) The city attracts visitors with its government nationalized its subsoil wealth, and
ancient and historic sites, spanning from the pre- high oil prices and stable politics increased the
Roman eras to the Ottomans. (V) Situated at the national living standard. (V) But by 1980, oil
foot of Mount Erciyes, which boasts one of the prices began to fall, and hard times followed,
worlds longest ski runs, Kayseri also caters to making life difficult for most Venezuelans..
winter sport tourism..
A) I
A) I
B) II
B) II
C) III
C) III
D) IV
D) IV
E) V
E) V
80. (I) The 26.2-mile foot race known as the Last
Marathon takes place every other February on
King George Island, about 2, 000 miles from the
South Pole. (II) Some 600 scientists and support
workers live here in the summer conducting
meteorological and wildlife studies. (III) The race
was founded in1955 by Thom Gilligan, a
marathoner from Boston. (IV) The participants,
ranging in age from 18 to 71 years old and
hailing from 15 countries, are competitive
runners as well as casual joggers. (V) All the
participants, however, possess the three Ds
some runners jokingly say are necessary to
complete a marathon: desire, discipline and
dementia..
A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V
1 B 41 A
2 D 42 E
3 A 43 C
4 E 44 A
5 C 45 B
6 C 46 D
7 D 47 C
8 B 48 D
9 A 49 B
10 B 50 E
11 A 51 D
12 C 52 C
13 D 53 E
14 B 54 B
15 B 55 B
16 B 56 C
17 B 57 E
18 A 58 C
19 E 59 B
20 D 60 E
21 B 61 B
22 C 62 E
23 C 63 B
24 E 64 C
25 D 65 A
26 C 66 D
27 C 67 E
28 D 68 A
29 C 69 D
30 D 70 C
31 B 71 C
32 C 72 C
33 E 73 D
34 A 74 D
35 E 75 B
36 D 76 D
37 A 77 D
38 B 78 B
39 C 79 C
40 A 80 B
28
5. Natural disasters have been defined as
ecological disruptions exceeding the adjustment
uygun den szck ya da ifadeyi bulunuz. capacity of a community and ---- outside
assistance..
1. Perhaps the strangest ---- of Venusians craters is A) stepping up

one associated with some of the youngest..
B) putting up with
A) reduction C) look after
B) property D) calling for
C) effect E) dealing with
D) goal
E) cause
2. Collecting is probably the most ---- kind of hobby

because almost anything can be collected..
A) main
B) widespread
C) invisible
D) domestic
E) severe
3. Trade in mineral products, a category that

includes everything from copper ore to oil, ---- an
important part of the world trade..
A) prevents
B) deceives
C) invites
D) forms
E) manufactures
4. King Arthur is the British king, whose legends, -

--- those regarding the Knights of the Round
Table evolved significantly during the Middle
Ages in most European countries, such as
France, Germany and England..
A) excessively
B) especially
C) efficiently
D) eventually
E) exceedingly
6. It is hard for a tiger, especially an inexperienced
one, to ---- how to attack an animal that is facing
it..
A) figure out
B) keep away
C) rule out
D) fall back
E) run over
7. Russia ---- earlier this week that it ---- all its

troops out of Georgia..
A) had announced / pulled
B) announces / would have pulled
C) announced / had pulled
D) is announcing / has pulled
E) has announced / was pulling
8. In a study carried out over a period of six

months, researchers ---- that smoking ---- far
more heart attacks than haemochromatosis..
A) have found / had caused
B) had found / has caused
C) found / caused
D) find / could have caused
E) would have found / causes
9. Thomas Edison never seemed to mind his

deafness; ---- , he thought it helped him
concentrate on his work.
A) moreover
B) otherwise
C) on the contrary
D) additionally
E) or else
10. The opposition parties called for a general strike
---- the government announced its controversial
decision..
A) instead of
B) as a result of
C) the moment
D) in contrast
E) in case of
11. The solar calendar the Egyptians developed was 15. Insects have been ---- successful in their fight for
---- accurate and sophisticated than the life ---- they are often said to be the only rivals of
Mesopotamian lunar calendar.. humans for control of the earth..
A) the most A) so / that
B) most B) not only / but
C) the more C) either / or
D) more D) as / as
E) as E) such / that
12. In his new job he will be responsible ---- the

coordination of relief to the refugees..
A) about
B) to
C) for
D) at
E) from
13. We have yet to take ---- consideration the

problem of how large future national armies
should eventually be, regardless ---- their current
size..
A) onto / at
B) in / in
C) for / with
D) under / from
E) into / of
14. Although the American writer Katherine Anne

Porter used a variety of places ---- the setting of
her short stories and novels, she frequently
came ---- to the scenes of her early days..
A) through / over
B) within / in
C) for / back
D) without / for
E) under / up
16. If a student appears ---- significantly behind the
expected level for a class, a teacher ---- him or
her to take a remedial class..
A) is / require
B) being / might have required
C) to have been / required
D) to be / may require
E) is being / should require

21. V.
da ifadeyi bulunuz. A) could even see
B) is even to see
For over two centuries the Egyptians fought (I) ---- the C) can even be seen
Hittite Empire for controlof lands in modern day Syria. The
conflict gave rise to bloody engagements like1274 B.C.s D) even sees
Battle of Kadesh, but by time of the pharaoh Ramses II (II)
---- side had emerged as a clearvictor. With both the E) had even been seen
Egyptians and Hittites facing threats from other peoples,in
1259 B.C. Ramses II and the Hittite King Hattusili III (III) ----
a famous peace treaty. This agreement ended the
conflictand decreed that the two kingdoms would aid each
other (IV) ---- an invasion by a third party. The Egyptian-
Hittite treatyis now recognized as one of the earliest
surviving peace accords, and a copy (V) ---- above the
entrance to theUnited Nations Security Council Chamber
in New York.
17. I.
A) for
B) towards
C) against
D) at
E) from
18. II.
A) some
B) both
C) other
D) neither
E) one another
19. III.
A) appropriated
B) exiled
C) startled
D) related
E) negotiated
20. IV.
A) pertaining to
B) in addition to
C) in accordance with
D) in the event of
E) instead of
26. V.
da ifadeyi bulunuz. A) certain
B) the
InAmerican football, (I) ---- simplyreferred to as football, C) others

each team is supposed to score points by guiding theball
into the opposing teams 'End Zone'. According to the D) each
basic rules of thegame, there are two methods (II) ----this
can be done: the first one; running play, wherein the ball E) any
(III) ---- by the player, and thesecond one; passing play,
wherein the ball is passed from one player toanother. (IV)
---- the game may seempretty easy, especially when you 27. - 36.sorularda, verilen cmleyi uygun
are watching it on the television, there are (V) ---- rules, ekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz.
which are specificallyformed to add to the difficulty level.
27. Although some people are happy to head off into

22. I. the mountains alone, ----..
A) at times A) it is advisable to hire a local who knows the paths
B) by no means B) the Kakars are becoming increasingly visited for

their trekking opportunities
C) in excess
C) you should bring a good quality tent, stove and
D) not just sleeping bag
E) on the grounds D) most of them arent aware that good personal

hygiene is quite important in the wild
23. II. E) measuring a distance on the map is very important

for estimating the length of a walk
A) whose
28. Since the response to a cholera outbreak is often
B) whom led by medical professionals, ----..
C) on which
A) epidemics can easily escalate into pandemics when
D) that medications are scarce
E) by which B) another disease should be chosen by those in

charge
24. III. C) doctors and nurses must learn to cooperate in

emergency and non-emergency situations alike
A) carries D) other aspects, such as environmental or

communication issues, might tend to be neglected
B) is carried
E) cholera often results in severe dehydration and
C) should carry even death
D) carried
29. Even after a drug has been approved by the Food
E) was carried and Drug Administration (FDA), ----..
25. IV. A) such drugs are occasionally studied first in a small

number of healthy volunteers
A) Once B) comprehensive premarketing studies detected

adverse reactions about once in every 1,000 doses
B) Otherwise
C) many drugs are rejected at this stage, too
C) While
D) the manufacturer must conduct post marketing
D) As surveillance and report any previously undetected
adverse drug reactions
E) Similarly
E) it was 3 years before the drug came onto the
market
30. When the womens Vitamin D serum levels were 34. Perfectionists consider mistakes as failure and
divided into four groups, ----.. believe that they will lose the respect of others -
---..
A) the researchers found that the lowest levels of the

vitamin were associated with the highest risk of hip A) if they make any
fracture
B) unless they fail
B) a low serum level of Vitamin D emerges
occasionally in postmenopausal subjects who live in C) when they are successful
fear of hip fracture
D) in case they are perfect
C) the women who had hip fracture were recruited as
part of the eligible study population E) although they do
D) the study has highlighted the importance of

maintaining good bone health to the fullest extent 35. The world is in the midst of a major shift in its
possible economic structure ----..
E) the lowest ones have traditionally turned out to be

A) as companies capitalize on new technologies such
the patients with the poorest profiles of bone
as the Internet, advanced computing and
health
telecommunications
31. ---- which expands when heated.. B) when changes in economy push up inequality
between the super wealthy and the extremely poor
A) A thermometer contains mercury C) after a very small number of people have managed
to become super rich
B) This is a characteristic of all metals
D) while the wealthy avoid taxes and often spend
C) The atmosphere contains various gases extravagantly on luxury goods
D) Parts of the sea floor remain unexplored E) once the taxes on the rich have been raised in
order to give more to the poor
E) The hole in the ozone layer is becoming more and
more dangerous
36. ----, Pythagoras developed both scientific and
eccentric theories about the physical universe..
32. Quantum theory specifies new rules for
describing the universe, ----..
A) Even if new inventions had replaced the tools that
were used in prehistoric times
A) although efforts to explore it are continuing
B) Since he was favoured neither by the public nor by
B) as it is considered an ancient science any influential government authorities
C) unless the universe cannot be described with the C) Despite having computed the distance between the
help of its principles Sun and the Moon
D) just as it has introduced new ways of thinking D) Because Greece was threatened by an invading
about matter and energy army
E) for it has not been proven or validated scientifically E) In addition to figuring out useful things related to
triangles
33. Many scientists maintain that susceptibility to

autism is inherited, ----..
A) as certain autistic individuals display incredible

talents in very specific domains
B) whether there is a connection between the illness

and newly discovered class of nerve cells
C) so an autistic child prefers to be alone and resists

change
D) whereas environmental risk factors also seem to

play a role in the development of the disease
E) once physicians have developed better ways to

diagnose and successfully treat the disorder
39. Birok bilim adam, byk insan olarak kabul
edilmitir, ancak onlardan ok az bu vgye
anlamca en yakn Trke cmleyi, Trke Isaac Newton kadar layktr..
cmleye anlamca en yakn ngilizce cmleyi
bulunuz.
A) Among the great people in the scientific world,
Isaac Newton is surely the one who most deserves
this praise.
37. Bir tropikal yamur ormannn kk bir
B) Isaac Newton is generally regarded as one of the
parasnda bile neredeyse Kanada ve Amerika
greatest scientists who has ever lived and deserved
Birleik Devletlerindeki btn ormanlarda
all the praise he gets.
bulunan aa trleri kadar farkl aa tr
bulunabilir..
C) Many scientists have been regarded as great men,
but very few of them have been as deserving of
A) Tropical rain forests can be home to almost as this praise as Isaac Newton.
many different trees as can be found in all the
forests of Canada and the United States. D) Although a lot of scientists have been regarded as
great men, none of them deserves this praise as
B) Even in a small patch of tropical rain forest, there much as Isaac Newton does.
can be found almost as many different species of
trees as there are in all the forests of Canada and E) There have been many great scientists but Isaac
the United States. Newton is generally regarded as the greatest of
them all.
C) In only a small patch of a tropical rain forest, there
arent as many different species of trees as there 40. Humans have the largest brains in relation to
are in all the forests of Canada and the United body weight, but in gross terms, the brain of an
States. elephant is four times larger..
D) There are a lot more different species of trees in a
small patch of a tropical rain forest than there are A) Vcut arlna oranla en byk beynin, salt arlk
in all the forests of Canada and the United States. bakmndan fil beyninin drtte biri kadar olan insan
beyni olduu aktr.
E) Although Canada and the United States have rich
forests, the number of tree species that live in B) insanlar, ktlece fil beyninin drtte biri kadar olsa
them are not as many as those that can be found in da vcut arl dikkate alndnda en byk
a small patch of a tropical rain forest. beyne sahiptir.
C) insanlar, vcut arlna oranla, en byk beyne

38. Petrolden retilen allagelmi plastik, s ve gn
sahiptir; ancak, ktle olarak, bir filin beyni drt kat
na maruz kaldnda bile, yeryznden hi
daha byktr
yok olmayan az saydaki maddeden biridir..
D) Toplam vcut arl iindeki pay en byk olan
A) Conventional plastic, made from petroleum, is the beyin insan beynidir; ama fillerin insannkinden drt
only material on Earth that never goes away, even kat ar olan beyne sahip olduu bilinmektedir.
when exposed to heat and sunlight.
E) Fil beyninin ktlesi insan beyninin drt katdr;
B) Plastic, which is traditionally made from petroleum, bununla birlikte, vcut arlna gre en byk
is one of the few materials on Earth that never go beyin insannkidir.
away, even when it is exposed to heat and
sunlight. 41. In Egypt today, nearly all the Nile water is
utilized through the building of huge dams and
C) Conventional plastic, made from petroleum, is one reservoirs and the establishment of intricate
of the few materials on Earth that never go away, systems of irrigation..
even when it is exposed to heat and sunlight.
D) Traditional plastic, made from petroleum, is one of A) Bugn Msrda byk barajlarn ve gletlerin
the few materials on Earth that never go away yaplmas ve ok karmak sulama sistemlerinin
unless it is exposed to heat and sunlight. kurulmasnn amac, Nil'in suyunun tamamndan
yararlanmaktr.
E) Normal plastic, made from petroleum, is one of the
few materials on Earth that go away only when B) Nil'in tm suyundan yararlanmak iin, bugn
exposed to heat and sunlight. Msrda ok byk barajlar ve gletler yaplmakta
ve karmak sulama sistemleri kurulmaktadr.
C) Bugn Msr, muazzam barajlar ve gletler ina

ederek ve karmak sulama sistemleri oluturarak
Nil'in tm suyundan yararlanmaktadr.
D) Muazzam barajlar ve gletler ina eden ve

karmak sulama sistemleri kuran Msr, bugn
Nil'in suyundan en ok yararlanan lkedir.
E) Bugn Msrda muazzam barajlarn ve gletlerin

yaplmas ve karmak sulama sistemlerinin
kurulmasyla Nil'in neredeyse tm suyundan
yararlanlmaktadr.
42. A recently-discovered drug, which is called
a 'molecular breaker', may reverse the
aging process by cracking sugar-protein links
when they form..
A) Oluabilecek eker-protein balarn kran ve bu

nedenle molekl paralayc ad verilen yeni
kefedilmi bir ila, yalanma srecini durdurabilir.
B) Oluan eker-protein balarn krarak yalanma

srecini gerekten yavalatt iin yeni kefedilen
bir ilaca molekl paralayc ad verilmitir.
C) Molekl paralayc ad verilen yeni kefedilmi bir

ila, oluabilecek eker-protein balarn
paralamakta ve bylece gerekten yalanma
srecini engelleyebilmektedir.
D) Molekl paralayc ad verilen yeni kefedilmi bir

ila, eker-protein balarn, bunlar oluunca,
krarak yalanma srecini tersine evirir.
E) eker-protein balarnn olumasn engelleyen ve

bu yzden molekl paralayc adn alan yeni
kefedilmi ila, gerekten, yalanma srecini
yavalatabilir.
45. According to the passage, it is at present hoped
that the Human Genome Project ----..
cevaplaynz.
A) will provide a remedy for the high bloodpressure

cases in Sweden as effectively as it has done in
Today when you are ill, you may try three America
different medicines before finding one that works -
and sometimes none work at all. But soon a simple test B) will help to overcome a variety of adversedrug
could determine which medicine would be most effective reactions
before you begin treatment, saving you time, money and
possibly your life. Experts estimate that as many as 40% C) will save the lives of over 2 million Americansevery
of people taking medication respond less than perfectly to year
it. The result is that 2 million Americans are
D) will result in fewer people suffering from
hospitalized for adverse drug reactions each year; 100, theunwanted side effects of drugs
000 die. With 20% complete and a rough draft of the other
80%, the Human Genome Project will help eliminate such E) will only be really satisfactory in the selectionof
adverse reactions. One of the first genetic tests to predict ACE inhibitors
a patient's drug response is being developed in Sweden.
Only about 30% of Swedes with high blood pressure
respond to ACE inhibitors - a class of approximately 20
drugs that lower blood pressure. That means the other
70% continue to suffer from high blood pressure and are
also exposed to the drug's side effects, which include
difficulty in breathing, kidney dysfunction and dizziness.
43. As we understand from the passage, one of the

advantages of tests to determine the effective
medicine for a patient is that ----..
A) this will contribute enormously to a reductionin

drug abuse
B) hospitalization can be avoided
C) the diagnosis can be confirmed almost immediately
D) no time is wasted in starting correct treatment
E) the patient can be discharged from hospital much

earlier
44. We learn from the passage that a

high percentage of all Swedish people ----..
A) respond well to ACE inhibitors
B) are unnecessarily worried about the unpleasant

side effects of the drugs they take
C) with high blood pressure are not receiving

satisfactory treatment for it
D) suffer from the effects of drugs they have been

wrongly prescribed
E) are unwilling to give their support to the Human

Genome Project
46. It is pointed out in the passage that in the US, a
sizeable number of people ----..
A) are taken into hospital each year becausethey have

taken unsuitable medication
B) have taken part in the tests conducted underthe

Human Genome Project
C) have never experienced any side effects at allfrom

medication
D) are exposed to adverse drug reactions suchas

respiratory problems and kidneydys function
E) are constantly trying out different drugs andthus

wasting money
49. It is implied in the passage that ----..
cevaplaynz.
A) Americas vision for post-war Europe was in
essence misguided
The Marshall Plan was not a simple programfor B) a country has no choice but to prioritize one sector
transferring massive sums of money to struggling over another in order to advance
countries, but an explicit and eventually successful
attempt to reindustrialize Europe. say ErikReinert and C) todays Africa and post-war Germany have a lot in
Ha-Joon Chang. It follows that if Africa really wants common
economicprosperity, it should study and draw valuable
lessons from the Marshall Plansdark twin: the Morgenthau D) Erik Reinert and Ha-Joon Chang were right in their
predictions about the Marshall Plan
Plan implemented in Germany in 1945. Reinert tellsthe
story best: When it was clear that the Allies would win the E) plans made by policy makers may yield unexpected
Second WorldWar, the question of what to do with outcomes
Germany, which in three decades hadprecipitated two
World Wars, reared its head. Henry Morgenthau Jr, the
USsecretary of the treasury, formulated a plan to keep 50. The main concern of the author is to ----..
Germany from ever againthreatening world peace.
Germany, he argued, had to be entirelydeindustrialized A) supply a brief summary of imperial nations
and turned into an agricultural nation. All domination of others
industrialequipment was to be destroyed, and the mines
were to be flooded. This programwas approved by the B) blame Americas programs for Germanys
Allies and was immediately implemented when agricultural productivity
Germanycapitulated in 1945. However, it soon became
C) learn from the failings and achievements of some
clear that the Morgenthau Plan wascausing serious
economic policies
economic problems in Germany: deindustrialization
causedagricultural productivity to plummet. This was D) describe ways of industrializing through agriculture
indeed an interestingexperiment. The mechanisms of in order to stop wars
synergy between industry and agriculture worked
inreverse: killing the industry reduced the productivity of E) accuse the African leaders of failing to understand
the agricultural sector. how Germany prospered
47. It is clearly stated in the passage that the

Marshall Plan ----..
A) was redesigned as the Morgenthau Plan to be

applied in Germany
B) was very comprehensive in its scope to develop

Europe
C) was a program of investment from which the Allies

expected to benefit directly
D) was ill-formed for its objectives according to Erik

Reinert and Ha-Joon Chang
E) turned out to be a failed attempt to industrialize

various European nations
48. According to the passage, Germany ----..
A) had to be stripped of its power to start wars
B) was unable to continue its industrial development

during World War II
C) needed industrial equipment and American finance

to rebuild the country
D) found the Morgenthau Plan problematic as its

economy declined
E) was allowed to industrialize despite its agricultural

potential
53. Kovcs and Mehlers research reveals that both
monolingual and bilingual infants ----..
cevaplaynz.
A) predict how modified sequences of speech-like

sounds match with moved objects
Recent research suggests that not only can children
differentiate between two languages at an early age, but B) fail to associate the sound sequence with the
also show cognitive benefits from being exposed to a location of the object on the screen
second language starting as early as infancy. In a study in
2009 of crib bilinguals, cognitive psychologists Agnes C) confirm the hypothesis that the brain is preset for
Kovcs and Jacques Mehler used a visual test to measure only one language
cognitive flexibility in preverbal seven-month-olds. Kovcs
D) guess the appearance of the puppet in a given
and Mehler wanted to see how quickly the infants could
location upon a particular sound pattern
adapt to changing rules. They taught the infants a pattern
consisting of speech-like sounds. At the end of the E) have equally sophisticated modes of thinking in the
sequence, a visual reward in the form of a puppet would preverbal stage of language acquisition
appear in one part of a computer screen. The infants were
expected to learn that a given sound pattern predicated
54. It is understood from the passage that ----..
the appearance of the puppet in that location. Both
bilingual and monolingual infants showed that they
associated the sound sequence with the puppets location A) many scientists make use of visual tests to
equally well by looking in the right place for the puppet to measure the cognitive capacity of bilingual children
appear. But when Kovcs and Mehler modified the
sequence and moved the puppet the bilingual infants B) monolinguals were unable to guess where the
adjusted, switching their anticipatory gaze to the new puppet would appear when a sound pattern was
location. The monolingual infants, however, continued to given for the first time
look for the puppet in the original location.
C) growing up bilingually led to verbal delays as
psychologists demonstrate today
D) only bilingual infants adapted to the modified

51. One can conclude from the passage that bilingual sound sequence and the relocated puppet
children ----..
E) bilingual childrens adaptation to changing rules
was similar to that of monolinguals
A) are likely to make more verbal mistakes and delay
the full acquisition process because of interference
between two languages
B) can differentiate between two languages they are

exposed to at an early age, but their cognitive
abilities remain indistinguishable from
monolinguals
C) not only develop the same patterns of cognitive

flexibility as monolinguals do, but they also
respond to verbal stimuli equally well
D) innately show more creativity than their

monolingual peers do, indicating a superior ability
to grasp abstract concepts
E) are capable of both distinguishing between two

languages and developing cognitive flexibility at an
early age
52. It is obvious from the passage that Kovcs and

Mehler wanted to ----..
A) demonstrate the role of visual and non-visual

rewards in childrens language development
B) prove monolingual infants complete their cognitive

development later than bilinguals
C) find out whether bilingual and monolingual infants

differ in their cognitive abilities
D) show the role of computers in the acquisition of

distinct sound patterns in bilinguals
E) explore the sound-learning strategies of the

monolingual infants
57. The author explains the decrease in the
numberof engineering students in colleges by
cevaplaynz. callingattention to ----..
A) the diversity among college students majoring in

Much has been said and written about the engineering
decliningnumbers of and disappointing lack of diversity
amongcollege students majoring in engineering. Among B) the insufficient mathematics and science
thefactors cited to explain this paucity are the lack backgrounds of many college candidates
ofexposure of high school students to the very idea
ofengineering and the fact that many have C) the importance of gaining entrance to engineering
insufficientmathematics and science background to schools
gainentrance to engineering school, even if they
D) the enthusiasm for integrating ideas of engineering
identifythe profession as a possible career. This into the curricula
isunfortunate, for the ideas of engineering should
beintegrated into the curricula not only of high schoolsbut E) the identification of engineering as a possible
also of middle and primary schools. By not beingexposed career for college-bound youth
properly throughout their education toengineering
activities, children are being done adisservice. After all,
58. It can be understood from the text that ----..
even preschool children have thenecessary conditions in
their play for appreciatingexactly what engineering is:
design. Indeed, design ispractised throughout their school A) most children are naturally drawn to activities
day, even in theirbefore- and after-school activities. It only related to design
should bepointed out to them that they are
designingsomething, and, therefore, are future engineers B) a school day is not long enough to get children to
in themaking. practice what they learn
C) the ability to design is a rare skill among preschool

and schoolchildren
55. The writer believes that ----.. D) it is too early to include engineering activities in
primary and middle schools
A) it is unfair to children not to familiarize them with
E) only specially-talented children are exposed to
engineering
actual engineering activities
B) not all children should participate in engineering
activities
C) it is inappropriate to include engineering in the

curricula of middle and primary schools
D) integrating engineering into the curricula is

unfortunate
E) involving children in engineering activities is a

disservice to them
56. It is clear from the passage that ----..
A) the idea of engineering seems disappointing to

most college students
B) most schoolchildren do not enjoy the learning

activities provided at school
C) the factors causing the decline in interest in

engineering are insufficient
D) children are not aware that they are actually

designing things
E) engineering students do not write much about how

they feel about their field
61. According to the passage, electromagnets ----..
cevaplaynz.
A) have magnetic fields that function in accord with
an electric current
The magnets that are used most commonly, such as the B) are more commonly found than permanent
ones on compasses, those used for fridge decorations, magnets
and in many other everyday tools, are called permanent
magnets. This type of magnet produces an external C) lose their strength when their domains are nudged
magnetic field that attracts or repels iron, and it may lose out of alignment
its strength when mistreated. Inside a magnet are groups
of atoms called domains. The magnetizing process, which D) may damage the structure of such instruments as
telephone receivers
exposes a material to increasingly strong magnetic fields,
aligns these domains in a single direction, where they E) have domains that are usually out of alignment
become locked in a crystalline structure.High heat,
radiation, strong electrical currents, or other nearby
magnets, though, can damage that structure, nudging the
domains out of alignment and diminishing the attractive
force. Electromagnets, or non-permanent magnets, a less
familiar type, have magnetic fields that rely on an electric
current. They, thus, do not lose their strength; instead, the
strength of the field can be varied as needed. This makes
them appropriate for various applications, such as
telephone receivers.
59. Non-permanent magnets are appropriate for a

variety of applications ----..
A) even if they rely on an electric current
B) although they lose their strength when exposed to

high heat or electric current
C) because the strength of their magnetic fields can

be varied
D) excluding communication devices
E) and, indeed, are far more versatile than are

permanent magnets

permanent magnets ----..
A) have magnetic fields that can be varied as needed
B) are not suitable for use in our ordinary, everyday

lives
C) perform better when exposed to radiation or high

temperatures
D) form domains when they are found in groups
E) may, in certain circumstances, become weakened

domains in permanent magnets ----..
A) become stronger in higher levels of heat or

radiation
B) cannot produce a magnetic field when they are

locked in a crystalline structure
C) align the magnetic fields in a single direction
D) are what give these magnets their attractive force
E) cannot be altered by outward circumstances

bulunuz.
63. Michael:- I have finally decided to quit smoking

while I still have my health. Dorothy:- Good for
you! Its hard to believe that cigarette smoking,
which is banned inside most places now for
health reasons, used to be encouraged by the
government. Michael:- You must be joking!
Dorothy:- ----.
A) You know I never joke about social problems and

the situation of the poor. Theres nothing funny
about people going hungry.
B) Smoking has been proven to greatly increase the

likelihood of later getting lung cancer, heart
disease, and several other terrible conditions.
C) No, Im serious. In wartime, the generals told the

government they needed \'tobacco as much as
bullets,\' and the government happily sent both.
D) Yes, actually. Do you want to hear even funnier

jokes? I know one about two nurses who worked in
a childrens hospital.
E) The harmful effects of passive smoking on people

who are not themselves smokers are only now
becoming known by the general public.
64. Alec : How are you getting on with that book
of short stories James gave you?
Malcolm : ----
Alec:Why was that?
Malcolm : Well, all the stories make strange
things seem ordinary and ordinary things
strange. It's rather disturbing at first..
A) Fine now, but found it a bit difficult to get into at

first.
B) I haven\'t even begun to read it.
C) It\'s too modern for me; it\'s also too literary.
D) To be honest, I don\'t really like autobiography.
E) Grand. Irish Murdoch is one of my favourite writers.

65. Greg:- Why do you want to be a geologist? Are 67. John : The economic rather than political aspect
you hoping to find oil? of European colonialism has always interested
Tony:- No. I want to study volcanic activity. Im me.
sure one ought to be able to predict earthquakes Francis : I know. It is clear from most of the
pretty accurately. papers you have presented so far. So you think
Greg:- ---- that colonial exploitation in the past was the
Tony:- I wouldnt mind that at all. It would be far major source of Europes economic prosperity.
preferable to sitting in an office all day.. John : ----
Francis : Agreed. Indeed, it is impossible to
imagine this prosperity without them..
A) Are earthquakes as dangerous as volcanoes?
B) I dont know. Apparently, no one earthquake A) Actually, Britains American colonies had no
behaves like any other. significant mineral wealth and, therefore, they
turned to agriculture.
C) You would be doing a lot of field-work you know, in
rather uncomfortable conditions. B) Moreover, as far as I am concerned, the Spanish
colonial economy was dominated by mining.
D) I dont think you should make your mind up yet.
C) On the other hand, the Portuguese government
E) It is a career that might suit you very well. Good allowed only Portuguese merchants to trade with
luck! their own colonies.
D) Absolutely. For instance, Europes growing wealth

66. Betty:- I hardly know anything about the Hittites in the eighteenth century was simply the result of
and the Phrygians. Who were they? its colonial possessions.
Mary:- All I can tell you is that the Hittites
preceded the Phrygians in ancient Anatolia and E) To compete with the British, the French
were defeated by them. government encouraged the development of sugar-
Betty:- ---- producing colonies in the West Indies.
Mary:- I cant help you with these things. Youd
better get a book on the subject..
A) Yes. I know that but what about their origins,

cultures, religions and languages?
B) The Hittites had their capital in central Anatolia,

didnt they?
C) I know that Anatolia has always been a crossroads

for many peoples in history.
D) The Phrygian capital, Gordian, was originally

situated on a hill close to Sakarya.
E) You know, Egypt is the only country that I know

anything about.
68. The finest example of Byzantine architecture is

the church of Saint Sophia in Istanbul,
constructed at enormous cost by the emperor
Justinian in the sixth century..
A) The church of Saint Sophia was constructed by

emperor Justinian in the sixth century and cost him
a lot of money even though Byzantine architecture
has come to be represented by it.
B) The construction of the church of Saint Sophia in

the sixth century cost the emperor Justinian a huge
amount of money, and it is a significant example of
Byzantine architecture.
C) In the sixth century, emperor Justinian spent so

much money on the construction of the church of
Saint Sophia that he wanted it to be the most
excellent work of Byzantine architects.
D) Byzantine architecture is best represented by the

church of Saint Sophia in Istanbul, for the
construction of which, in the sixth century, emperor
Justinian spent a lot of money.
E) A huge amount of money was spent by the

emperor Justinian for the construction of the church
of Saint Sophia in the sixth century, which in fact
became a major work of Byzantine architecture.
69. This material is suitable for students of eighteen
years and up..
A) The material is suitable for students who are over

eighteen.
B) The material may be suitable for students of over

eighteen years of age.
C) Students of eighteen years and over can use this

material.
D) Only 18-year-old students will find this material

suitable.
E) All students, whether under or over eighteen, can

be given this material.
70. By modern standards, the first supermarkets

were really quite small..
A) The early supermarkets and the present-day ones

are quite different from each other, even in size.
B) Present-day supermarkets are on the whole larger

than the early ones.
C) Supermarkets have grown in size since they were

first introduced, but their standards remain the
same.
D) Except in size, modern supermarkets are quite

unlike the original ones.
E) Compared with what we have now, the early

supermarkets werent actually very large at all.
71. In view of the evidence, it seemed quite clear
that John had committed the crime..
A) At court John was charged with crime.
B) From the evidence it was fairly obvious that the

criminal was John 72. Scientists generally agree that there are 35 to
40 species of seahorse in the world. Though
C) As far as the evidence is concerned, John seems to they resemble miniature horses, they
be a suspect actually belong to the fish family 'syngnathidae'.
They are monogamous. ----. This unique trait has
D) All the evidence showed that John was the only led people to believe, for some strange reason,
person to be charged with the crime. that seahorses have curative powers, and 20
million seahorses are exported annually for use
E) If John had committed the crime, the evidence
in traditional Chinese medicines..
would have shown it.
A) The Victorians named seahorses \'hippocampus\',

which means \'horse caterpillar\'
B) Intriguingly, they are the only animal in which the

male becomes pregnant and gives birth to live
young
C) Consequently, fishermen have reported a minimum

50 per cent decline in wild stocks of seahorses in
the past five years
D) Their genetic structure has not yet been identified
E) The distribution of spiny and short-snouted

seahorses is thought to extend from Britain across
the Mediterranean to the Black Sea
73. Oxygen gas has a very interesting property:

it absorbs ultraviolet light. On absorbing
ultraviolet light, an oxygen molecule breaks
down into two oxygen atoms. ----. Oxygen in this
form is called ozone, which is a blue gas with a
sharp odour..
A) The ozone layer rests about 48 kilometers above

the surface of the Earth
B) The ozone layer in the atmosphere absorbs almost

all the ultraviolet radiation that could destroy life
on Earth
C) The formation of the ozone layer had a tremendous

effect on the spread of living organisms on Earth
D) Oxygen atoms produced in this way combine to

give a new kind of gas that has molecules made of
three atoms of oxygen
E) The presence of oxygen in the atmosphere has also

made possible the development of respiration
74. Researchers at the University of Michigan carried
out tests on group of healthy people who were
exposed to pollution equivalent to that
experienced on a busy roadside. ----. Such blood
vessel constriction will be especially serious
among people who have, or are at risk of, heart
disease..
A) High levels of smog and soot may also increase the

risk of cardiovascular problems
B) Researchers have finally come close to finding a

possible explanation for the link
C) There is apparently a link between air pollution and

deaths from heart attacks
D) Car exhaust fumes are one of the major sources of

air pollution
E) Tests showed that their blood vessels had

narrowed by two to four per cent
75. The carpet is of eastern origin and in general can

be said to differ from tapestry by the technique
of its knotted weave. The refined technique and
ornate geometrical patterns found on fragments
discovered in eastern Turkestan, dating from the
5th and 6th centuries A.D., indicate a long
evolution in the history of the carpet. ---- The
Abbasid caliphs of Baghdad were also well-
known patrons of carpet manufacture: one made
for Caliph Hashin early in the 8th century
measured 100 yards by 50 yards. The most
famous area of production was, however, north-
western Persia..
A) The large carpets that decorate the mosque of

Alaaddin date back to the 13th century.
B) The earliest fragment of carpet still existing was

found in Russia and is now in the Hermitage
Museum in St. Petersburg.
C) A change in the composition and decoration of

carpets was made in Persia at the end of the 15th
century.
D) During the Sassanid dynasty in Persia (in the 6th

and 7th centuries A.D.), carpets of wool and silk
pile were already in great demand.
E) The carpet industry in Egypt must have been of

great importance at the end of the Middle Ages.
76. (I) Carrier companies have made great strides in

recent years with the introduction of simple
package tracking services. (II) Now they are
racing to use the World Wide Web to gain market
share by providing more sophisticated services
for their customers. (III) Their web sites can
handle package scheduling and pickup from start
to finish. (IV) As a result, use of the World Wide
Web has enabled companies to create new
business ventures which wouldn't otherwise
have been feasible. (V) Anyone in a major
metropolitan area with a package to ship can use
web sites to check delivery routes, calculate
shipping charges, and schedule a pickup..
A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V
77. (I) Using herbs from your garden or the farmers

market to enhance the flavour of your summer
cuisine is really rewarding. (II) Not only will
herbs add subtle accents to your main dishes
and salads, but they will also bring fragrance and
interest to favourite dessert and beverage
recipes. (III) If you are not using fresh herbs,
remember that dried herbs are very potent, so
reduce the amount you use by half or more. (IV)
Include your home-grown produce in a salad
course, and specimens from your gorgeous
summer flower beds in a welcoming table centre
piece. (V) Also, if you are cooking outdoors, be
sure to allow enough time to heat the grill for
your vegetables, steaks and chicken..
A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V
78. (I) The medieval English poet Geoffrey Chaucer 79. (I) Computer researchers predict that quantum
was able to travel widely throughout Europe and computers will become a reality within 10 to 15
study the literature of France and Italy. (II) With years. (II) However, these machines pose a
striking success, he combined his wide-ranging security threat, because their ability to perform
learning with an enthusiastic love for the many calculations at once means they will be
everyday lives of ordinary English people into his able to uncover the encryption keys that are, for
masterpiece, The Canterbury Tales. (III) During practical purposes, untraceable by todays
the century following Chaucers death, England classical conventional computers. (III) If that
was torn apart in a civil war, called the Wars of happens, people will be able to tap into cell
the Roses. (IV) This is a work which the phone calls. (IV) A quantum computer can
educated admired for its careful development of represent a 0 and a 1 at the same time in a
current literary forms, while ordinary listeners quantum bit (called a qubit). (V) Furthermore,
loved its comedy and adventure. (V) It became secure e-commerce will be a thing of the past..
one of the most popular texts of its day..
A) I
A) I
B) II
B) II
C) III
C) III
D) IV
D) IV
E) V
E) V
80. (I) The Mongols were one of a number of nomadic
peoples inhabiting the steppes of Central Asia.
(II) Although closely connected with various
Turkish speaking peoples with whom they
frequently intermarried, the Mongols spoke their
own distinctive language and had their own
homeland to the north of the Gobi Desert in
present-day Mongolia. (III) In fact, it was not
until the late thirteenth century that Europeans
began to establish direct trading connections
with India, China, and the Spice Islands- of the
Indonesian archipelago. (IV) Like many nomadic
peoples throughout history, they were highly
accomplished cavalry soldiers and constantly
raided the sedentary peoples to their south. (V)
It was in part to control such raiding from
Mongolia that the Chinese built the famous Great
Wall..
A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V
1 B 41 E
2 B 42 D
3 D 43 D
4 B 44 C
5 D 45 B
6 A 46 A
7 C 47 B
8 C 48 A
9 C 49 E
10 C 50 C
11 D 51 E
12 C 52 C
13 E 53 D
14 C 54 D
15 A 55 A
16 D 56 D
17 C 57 B
18 D 58 A
19 E 59 C
20 D 60 E
21 C 61 A
22 A 62 D
23 E 63 C
24 B 64 A
25 C 65 C
26 A 66 A
27 A 67 D
28 D 68 D
29 D 69 C
30 A 70 E
31 A 71 B
32 D 72 B
33 D 73 D
34 A 74 E
35 A 75 D
36 E 76 D
37 B 77 E
38 C 78 C
39 C 79 D
40 C 80 C
29
6. Some readers of the novel may ---- feeling
that the plot structure is not well-organized..
uygun den szck ya da ifadeyi bulunuz.
A) fall through
1. The invention of educational radio in the 1920s B) end up

and the ---- of television in the 1940s created
important new forms of communication for use in C) get away with
distance education..
D) make up
A) expression E) get off
B) advent
7. Most anthropologists think man ---- South
C) intervention America around 12, 000 years ago, although
some ---- it much earlier..
D) pollutant
A) has settled / may have put
E) outbreak
B) settles / are putting
2. The economics of nuclear power is not ---- to
evaluate, because of high capital costs for C) had settled / were putting
building and very low fuel costs..
D) was settling / had put
A) formal E) settled / have put
B) religious
8. Although alloys ---- since the earliest times, they
C) doubtful still ---- an indispensable place in modern
technology and scientists continue to develop
D) novel new alloys with special properties..
E) simple
A) have been used / have
3. It is a society that is ---- to waging war on all B) were used / have had
forms of environmental pollution..
C) had been used / have had
A) regarded D) are used / may have
B) preferred E) would be used / are having
C) referred
9. Animals trapped in stone called amber are
D) committed sometimes so well preserved that they look ----
they have just died..
E) upheld
A) so that
4. Tree sitting is ---- what it sounds like; it is a form
of protest which involves sitting in a tree.. B) in case
C) as though
A) strongly
D) even if
B) exactly
E) now that
C) responsibly
D) particularly 10. The post is mine ---- I agree to stay with the firm
for at least three years..
E) currently
A) in case
5. Much of every teacher's time is ---- marking
papers. . B) conditionally
C) if
A) brought up
D) whether
B) taken up with
E) accordingly
C) held up
D) made out
E) carried out
11. ---- the so-called swine flu turns out to be less 16. The crisis relations between Russia and the West
frightening than first feared, it is only a matter carry a risk of unleashing a "gas war" ---- could
of time before a deadlier one comes along.. disrupt energy supplies across Europe..
A) Unless A) who
B) Even if B) if
C) Whether C) how
D) While D) where
E) When E) which
12. Traveling with pets can be great fun, but if your

dog or cat ---- to travel, the trip ---- your worst
nightmare, and its, too..
A) may hate / is
B) hated / would have been
C) has hated / will be
D) will hate / was
E) hates / could be
13. The texture of the rock suggested it came

from an asteroid and not from a loose, sooty ice
ball ---- a comet..
A) including
B) like
C) as
D) as well as
E) such
14. Species become endangered and even extinct ----

a variety of reasons, many of which are related -
--- human activities..
A) within / of
B) for / to
C) with / for
D) in / with
E) over / through
15. ---- how beautiful your wedding has been, that

will never guarantee a good marriage..
A) So long as
B) No matter
C) Provided that
D) Because of
E) For the sake of

21. V.
da ifadeyi bulunuz. A) promptly
B) pleasurably
A 7-magnitude earthquake (I) ---- the whole of Haiti in C) amicably

January 2010. Poor buildingconstruction and infrastructure
added to the loss of property and human life.What made D) geographically
matters worse after that was, in the 2 weeks time after
the mainearthquake, there were (II) ---- 50aftershocks, E) severely
each of magnitudes 5 or more. This area had never seen
anythinglike this, and it was estimated (III)---- more than
250,000 people died in this disaster. A similar number
wereinjured, and nearly 1 million people were (IV)---- and
left homeless. Nearly 300,000 structures were either (V) -
--- damaged or collapsedcompletely, something that was a
strong indication of the widespreaddestruction this
earthquake caused in the region.
17. I.
A) shook
B) has shaken
C) shakes
D) would shake
E) will shake
18. II.
A) except for
B) more than
C) so that
D) not so much as
E) by means of
19. III.
A) which
B) whom
C) that
D) how
E) where
20. IV.
A) regarded
B) discriminated
C) prospered
D) displaced
E) determined
26. V.
da ifadeyi bulunuz. A) unremarkably
B) approximately
In1961 Kuwait was (I) ----independence from Britain. At C) vitally

that time Iraq laid claim to the country,although earlier it
(II) ---- theborders that had been (III) ---- in1913, and again D) strictly
when it achieved its own independence in 1932. In the
early1980s Kuwait supported Iraq economically in its war E) immediately
with Iran, (IV) ---- it was worried about the newleadership
in Iran. A few years later Iraq invaded Kuwait, once
againreasserting its earlier claims of ownership. Iraq 27. - 36.sorularda, verilen cmleyi uygun
conquered the country, andheld it for (V) ---- six ekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz.
monthsbefore it was taken by US troops.
27. ---- even though it was obviously very limited

22. I. in scope..
A) granted A) The experiment he has recently been engaged in

has produced some interesting results
B) declared
B) His paper aroused considerable interest
C) placed
C) The research project will be assigned to a team of
D) served specialists
E) announced D) The hypothesis will finally be put to the test
E) His intention will, in all likelihood, be

23. II. misunderstood
A) has accepted 28. As soon as scientists realized the power of DNA

technology, ----. .
B) is accepting
C) had accepted A) early concerns focused on the possibility that they

might create new pathogens
D) was accepted
B) the Human Genome Project has yielded many other
E) accepts unexpected results
C) they claim that these proteins could be tested for

24. III. their ability to cause allergic reactions
D) they began to worry about its potential dangers

A) held up
E) one safety measure is a set of strict laboratory
B) accounted for procedures designed to protect researchers from
infection
C) made do with
D) drawn up 29. ---- that is often associated with extreme

tiredness..
E) carried on
A) Medical investigators decided to study the

25. IV. biochemical clock that keeps bodies running
parallel with the sun
A) whether B) Molecular biologists are feverishly at work on a new

research project
B) hence
C) Most disorders requiring surgery during pregnancy
C) whereas centre on the abdominal region
D) notwithstanding D) Occupational safety regulations issued by the US
government have resulted in an industry record
E) as
E) Rheumatoid arthritis is one example of a disease
30. Just as the rising popularity of locally sourced 34. ----, the only way to succeed in research and
food is contributing to the increase in small technological development is to work together..
farmers, ----..
A) Because the EU has continental dimension and

A) competition from agribusiness is also encouraging characteristics
them to reserve a spot at the local market
B) When harsh economic times make it rather tough
B) the future does not seem to be promising for all to find funds
farmers due to high costs of energy
C) Though developing relationships with neighbouring
C) growers today are not so willing to try new things, and distant countries is important
particularly genetically modified crops
D) Whereas some cities have been a magnet for
D) direct retail sales of food production fluctuate merchants and explorers
depending on the region
E) Even if the global food demand is forecast to rise
E) it is actually the big markets that consumers prefer very soon
to do their shopping
35. The evacuation of the World Trade Center towers

31. ---- who played a unique role in the revival of the might have been easier ----..
ideals of classical antiquity..
A) unless some of the steel columns had been heated

A) There is still a lively debate going on among beyond their melting point
scholars
B) since in some places stairways are required to be in
B) Dr. Davies lectured on the Renaissance different corners of tall buildings
C) He then went on to explain why such Renaissance C) if the multiple stairways had not all been in the
figures central core of the building
D) Leonardo da Vinci also lived in the Renaissance D) so long as effective fire-proofing had been installed
E) Petraich is rightly regarded as a humanist E) after so many of the offices had already been
vacated
32. During periods of high inflation, consumers find

it more difficult to purchase goods and services - 36. A laptop on board the International Space
---.. Station was infected last month with a virus that
was later discovered to have been harmless, ----..
A) because high inflation also creates problems for

companies A) since cosmonauts did not know where the virus
might have come from
B) when inflation was rising at a rate of one per cent
per day in Brazil B) if it had been quarantined instantly by the security
software
C) unless their income rises the same or faster than
inflation C) unless they lose important data because of it
D) as long as monetary authorities such as the Federal D) however, it was understood that cosmonauts had
Reserve Bank in the US use high interest rates to updated it recently
bring down inflation
E) nevertheless, cosmonauts updated their virus
E) although managers need to anticipate possible protection systems immediately
changes in monetary policies
33. Serious measures were taken by the government

----..
A) because most of the developed countries have no

economic problems
B) that they were highly appreciated by the public
C) though there had been a shortage of money in the

budget
D) after many people were seriously injured in car

accidents
E) when business administration is successful in

applying new rules
39. ABDde son yllarda orta retim sonras eitimin
maliyeti artmaktadr ancak bu eitim giderlerini
anlamca en yakn Trke cmleyi, Trke karlamada ailelere yardm etmek iin parasal
cmleye anlamca en yakn ngilizce cmleyi yardm mevcuttur..
bulunuz.
A) In recent years, the cost of post-secondary

education in the US has increased, although
families needing help can find financial aid to meet
37. talyann batsnda hl hareketli bir liman ehri
these educational expenses.
olan Livorno, Romallar zamanndan beri ticaret
yolu zerinde tannm bir durak yeri olmutur..
B) Since the cost of post-secondary education in the
US has increased in recent years, financial aid has
A) Starting with Roman times, Livorno in western Italy become widely available to help families meet their
has always been a popular stopping place along the educational expenses.
trade route and still remains a busy port.
C) Financial aid is available in the US to help families
B) Livorno in western Italy was a popular stopping with the expense of post-secondary education, the
place on the trade route even in Roman times and cost of which has increased enormously in recent
is still a busy port city. years.
C) Even in Roman times, Livorno in western Italy was D) In the US in recent years, post-secondary education
a popular stopping place on the trade route and is has become much more expensive, prompting an
now, once more, a busy port. increase in financial aid for families who need help
meeting their educational expenses.
D) As in Roman times, so again now, Livorno in
western Italy is a popular stopping place for trading E) The cost of post-secondary education in the US has
activities. increased in recent years, but financial aid is widely
available to help families meet these educational
E) Still a busy port city in western Italy, Livorno has expenses.
been a popular stopping place on the trade route
since Roman times.
40. Korean researchers managed to create 30 cloned
embryos of about 100 cells each, out of 242
38. Baka lkelerde evre yasalarn ineyen ok donated eggs..
uluslu irketleri dava etmek iin Amerikan
mahkemelerine yaplan bavurular, son yllarda
daha sk grlmektedir.. A) Koreli aratrmaclar, her biri yaklak 100 hcreli
30 tane embriyoyu klonlamak iin 242 vericiden
salanan yumurtalar kullandlar.
A) Applications to American courts to sue
multinational corporations that violate B) Koreli aratrmaclar, vericilerden salanan 242
environmental laws in other countries have been yumurtadan her biri yaklak 100 hcreli 30 tane
witnessed more frequently in recent years. klonlanm embriyo yaratmay baardlar.
B) In recent years, people have frequently gone to C) Koreli aratrmaclar, yaklak 242 vericiden
American courts to sue multinational corporations salanan yumurtalar kullanarak her bin en az 100
that violate environmental laws in other countries. hcreli 30 tane embriyo yaratmlardr.
C) Applications to American courts to take action D) Kore'deki aratrmaclara gre, vericilerden

against the violation of environmental laws in other salanan 242 tane yumurtadan her biri 100 hcreli
countries have become very common over the last yaklak 30 embriyo klonlanabilir.
few years.
E) Koreli aratrmaclarn vericilerden saladklar 242
D) American courts have recently sued various yumurtadan, her bin yaklak 100 hcreli 30 tane
international corporations for their violation of embriyo elde etmeleri, nemli bir baardr.
environmental laws in other countries.
E) In recent years, multinational corporations have

often been condemned by American courts
because of violating environmental laws.
41. According to some historians, the destruction in
about 1750 B.C. of the Assyrian merchant-colony
at Kanes near Kayseri, probably marks the
arrival of the Hittites in that area..
A) Baz tarihiler, M.. 1750'lerde, Kayseri yaknnda

bulunan Kane'teki Asur ticaret kolonisinin ortadan
kalkmasnn, Hititlerin blgeye yerletiini aka
gsterdiini ne srmektedir
B) Baz tarihilere gre, M.. 1750 civarnda, Kayseri

yaknndaki Kane'te Asur ticaret kolonisinin yok
edilmesi, muhtemelen, Hititlerin o blgeye
gelilerine iaret etmektedir.
C) Baz tarihilere gre, Hititler M.. 1750'lerde,

Kayseri yaknndaki Kane'te bulunan Asur ticaret
kolonisini yok ederek blgeye yerlemilerdir.
D) Baz tarihiler, Kayseri yaknndaki Kane'te

bulunan Asur ticaret kolonisini M.. 1750 civarnda
o blgeye gelen Hititlerin yktn tahmin
etmektedirler
E) Hititlerin Kayseri yaknndaki Kane'e gelileri,

muhtemelen, blgedeki Asur ticaret kolonisinin
M.. 1750 civarnda yklmasna rastlamaktadr
42. Charles de Gaulle once said of France, 'How can

you govern a country which has 246 varieties of
cheese?'.
A) Bir tarihte Charies de Gaulle, Fransa hakknda '246

eit peyniri olan bir lkeyi nasl ynetebilirsiniz?'
demiti.
B) Charies de Gaulle'n Fransa iin syledii bir sz

yledir: '246 eit peynir reten bir lkeyi insan
nasl ynetir?'
C) Charies de Gaulle Fransa'yla ilgili grn u szle

zetlemitir: '246 eit peyniri olan bir lkeyi
ynetmeniz nasl mmkn olabilir?'
D) Charies de Gaulle, bir zamanlar, Fransa iin '246 tr

peynir eidi reten bir lke nasl ynetilir?'
demiti.
E) Gemite Fransa iin, '246 eit peynir reten bir

lkeyi nasl ynetebilirsiniz?' diyen kii Charies de
Gaulle'dr.
45. According to the passage, those who
have carried out the foetal eye tissue transplants
cevaplaynz. ----..
A) are extremely dubious about their long-

Transplants of foetal eye tissue from aborted foetuses termsuccess
seem to have improved the vision of two out of four
people with a degenerative eye disease. It is too early to B) feel it is a procedure that could proveextremely
be sure the improvements are real and lasting, but on useful
the strength of the results, the team pioneering
the surgery has asked regulators for permission to carry C) willnotbegivenpermissionto continuetheir trials
out further operations. Before the experimental surgery
D) have only met with success in the case ofElisabeth
on her left eye a year ago, Elisabeth Bryant, who is 63,
Bryant
could barely see anything with it. 'Now I can see people's
eyes, noses and mouths when they're sitting across E) admit that its uses are very limited
the room from me. Like the other patients in the trial, she
has advanced retinitis pigmentosa, a hereditary disease
that causes degeneration of the retina. It affects around 1
in 3500 people in Western countries. Those involved in
the transplants admit that there is a danger of
creating false hope, but point out that the potential
benefits of the procedure are so great that work on it
must continue. They believe it could lead to a
treatment for common diseases, such as age-
related macular degeneration, which is responsible for half
the blindness in Britain. This is a condition which seems to
be on the increase and occurring at younger age levels.
43. As it is pointed out in the passage,

macular degeneration ----..
A) causes loss of sight in millions of people, buttheir

sight can be restored by transplants offoetal retinal
cells
B) is a condition that has so far never beentreated
C) does not seriously affect vision
D) is an easily remedied condition
E) is causing considerable concern as it isoccurring

more frequently and amongyounger people
44. It is clear from the passage that transplants

of foetal eye tissue ----..
A) are being regarded as an importantbreakthrough in

eye surgery
B) are unlikely to attract much attention
C) are still at an early experimental stage
D) help halt the progress of any eye disease
E) are often rejected

46. We learn from the passage that
retinitis pigmentosa ----..
A) can only be improved temporarily by surgery
B) is unknown except in the Western world
C) is the most common cause of maculardegeneration
D) is responsible for half the blindness in Britain
E) is a disease that has an adverse effect on theretina

49. One of the key points stated in the passage is
that
cevaplaynz.
----..
Today, the European Union is home to more than 20 A) the immigrants should be securely placed in the
million immigrants, who represent about 4 percent of the cities near the external borders
total EU population and make valuable contributions to
European society. These new arrivals fill gaps in the B) integration of the immigrants is not the concern of
labour market that EU workers cannot or do not wish to Member States
fill, helping to address the demographic decline in
Europes working age population. Properly managed, C) prevention of excessive immigration can best be
practised by changing the immigration rules
immigration can help contribute to the EUs long-term
economic development and competitiveness. At the same D) EU countries should restrict the number of
time, ensuring the security and prosperity of the EU immigrants to avoid a rapid increase in the
population remains vital. The key is to streamline and population
simplify the legal immigration process, enforce measures
against illegal immigrants, secure the external borders E) the EU population can be secured by taking
and support the Member States efforts to promote the measures against unlawful immigration
integration of immigrants so they become full participants
in EU society. One of the EUs more remarkable 50. It is stated in the passage that ----..
achievements is the creation of its single market, where
people, goods, services and capital move freely
throughout the 27 EU Member States. The flip side of this A) using the same currency within Member States
free movement, however, is that the reduced internal leads to a powerful EU economy
border controls necessitate strengthened external
B) internal borders should be controlled as extensively
borders. Each border state bears a particular responsibility
as the external ones
for defending its portion of the EUs borders and with it,
the security of the entire EU. C) sharing a single market among EU countries does
not necessitate a stronger control over the borders
D) decreased control over the internal borders may

47. According to the passage, immigrants in the EU require stricter management of external borders
are crucial as they ----..
E) Member States should frame their immigration
processes themselves regarding their socio-
A) do the jobs that inhabitants are reluctant to economic backgrounds
perform
B) contribute to the increase of the overall population
C) help to increase the competition among other

countries
D) culturally integrate themselves to the country they

are working in
E) obediently fulfill all the tasks they are required to

do
48. According to the passage, ----..
A) local workers in EU countries are better educated

and thus more competent than the immigrants
B) in the long run, immigrants may contribute to the

management of financial problems of the EU
C) the problem of the work gap in EU countries can

never be totally overcome
D) working conditions of the immigrants in the EU are

worse than in their home countries
E) the free movement of people and goods throughout

Member States is hindered by strong internal
borders
53. According to the passage, the introduction of
banknotes ----..
cevaplaynz.
A) immediately stopped the use of gold as currency

For hundreds of thousands of years, human civilizations B) in China was welcomed by Europeans
tended to barter for goods, trading shells and precious
stones for food and other important commodities. For the C) came long before the circulation of gold and silver
first evidence of money as currency, we need to go back coins
5,000 years to where modern-day Iraq now sits, to find
the shekel. Though this was the first form of currency, it D) into Europe took about a thousand years
was not money as we know and understand it today. It
E) gave rise to the development of the banking
actually represented a certain weight of barley, a kind of
system in Europe
plant, equivalent to gold or silver. Eventually, the shekel
became a coin currency in its own right. In much the same
way, Britains urrency is called the pound, because it
was originally equivalent to a pound of silver. The ancient
Greeks and Romans used gold and silver coins as
currency, with the Latin denarius ultimately giving birth
to dinar in various countries including Jordan and Algeria,
and providing the d that served as an abbreviation for
the British penny before decimalization in 1971. It also
gives us the word for money in Spanish and Portuguese
dinero and dinhero. The first ever banknotes were
issued in 7th-century China, though it took another 1,000
years before the idea of paper money was dopted in
Europe, by Swedens Stockholms Banco in 1661.
51. According to the passage, the earliest form of

exchanging goods ----..
A) did not involve any form of currency
B) was confined to trading precious shells and stones
C) led to the development of commodities
D) first appeared in some parts of the Middle East
E) paved the way for people to become civilized
52. As it is clearly stated in the passage, the shekel

----..
A) was transformed into Britains contemporary pound
B) was equivalent to the idea of money as we accept

it today
C) was invented 5,000 years ago in what is now Iraq
D) first came to be used in place of silver coins
E) precedes the use of shells and stones for bartering

54. One can understand from the passage that ----..
A) the amount of time needed to develop currencies

was a lot longer than anticipated
B) the development of currency as a means of

exchanging goods and services owes a lot to many
nations of the world
C) were it not for the European countries, todays

exchange methods could not have developed
D) the Iraqi and Chinese contribution to the currency

development is relatively less important
E) every nation today conceptualizes currency

matters differently and thus uses different terms to
name currency
57. According to the passage, the fishing cats ----..
cevaplaynz.
A) have been increasing in number at a rate of about
50 per cent a year
Cats are famous for their aversion to water. However, the B) reproduce at a gradually rising rate
fishing cat, a wild Asiatic species, has no suchtendency. In
fact, these felines, about twice the size of typical house C) are regarded as a threat to the aquatic species
cats, prefer to be in proximity to water, making their they feed on
homes in the near rivers and marshes. As their name
indicates, the cats fish for their meals, sitting by the water D) used to be twice as many numerous only a few
and tapping their paws to create ripples on the surface decades ago
that resemble insect movements to lure their prey. Their
E) are no longer classified as endangered thanks to
webbed front paws help the fishing cats to remain dry the efforts of the IUCN
while scooping fish, frogs, and snails out of shallow water.
However, they also dive right in to grab large fish and
birds in their jaws. Once in the water, the cats canswim on
the surface or even glide under water. Their flat tails,
significantly shorter than those of house cats, serve as
rudders, helping them to adjust direction below the water
surface. Unfortunately, habitat loss and over fishing have
decreased the number of these cats by about 50 per cent
over the past three generations. Recently, the
International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN)
changed the status of these cats to 'endangered'from the
less-severe 'vulnerable'.
55. It is clear from the passage that the fishing cats

front paws ----..
A) help them to adjust direction underneath the

surface while chasing their prey
B) enable them to reach their prey in shallow water

without getting completely wet
C) serve as a defence mechanism against attacks by

enemies like large fish and birds
D) are relatively shorter compared to those of typical

house cats
E) make it possible and easy for them to find food

even in dry and barren areas
56. It is clear from the passage that fishing cats ----..
A) have a weak sense of direction compared to house

cats
B) have tails longer than those of house cats
C) tend to avoid large fish and birds
D) have caused many fish species to become

endangered
E) have fully adapted themselves to a life in and by

the water
58. It is pointed out in the passage that, when a
fishing cat hunts underwater, ----..
A) it prefers marshes to rivers and other waters
B) it knows exactly where big fish are
C) its movements attract large numbers of fish
D) the ripples made by its movements are hardly

distinguishable
E) it uses its tail to find the right direction

61. According to the passage, it is over the
last century that ----..
cevaplaynz.
A) deforestation in the world has become dangerously

extensive
People have been pushing into forestlands for thousands
of years, but during the last century, scientists say, the B) scientists have become aware of the variety of
rate of global forest reduction has reached alarming ecosystems in North America
levels. About 50 million acres of forest are cleared every
year. Much of Europes original forests are gone. The C) the paper industry in America has become
forests of North America, which once dominated the dependent on forest farms
landscape, have shrunk by almost 40% in the last two
D) solutions for the conservation of naturalforest lands
centuries to make room for people and meet the demand
have gone into effect
for lumber and paper. Not only have many of the
animals that depend on these ecosystems disappeared, E) the reduction of natural forests has been brought
but various species of trees have also been under control
depleted. Timber farms on land that once sustained
natural forests have little of the biodiversity of the
original forests, with pesticides and other chemicals
allowing the land to support only a few kinds of life.
59. The passage as a whole deals with ----..
A) the process of deforestation in Europe taking place

over thousands of years
B) the steps taken for the restoration of lost

forestlands in North America
C) the biodiversity that the lost forests of Europe once

had
D) the alarming question of deforestation and its

harmful impact on ecosystems
E) the uses of pesticides and chemicals for the

protection of forestlands
60. It is claimed in the passage that forest

farms planted for timber ----..
A) can be most useful in recovering the lost

forestlands in Europe
B) lack the extensive biodiversity found in natural

forests
C) have a beneficial impact on the

environmentbecause of the variety of trees there
D) have become widespread in North America andare

preferable to natural forests
E) have increased throughout the world over the last

two centuries
62. It is stressed in the passage that, over the
last two centuries, ----..
A) the demand in the world for lumber and paper has

reached alarming levels
B) many lost species of trees have been recoveredin

Europes forest lands
C) no pesticides and chemicals have been allowed in

North Americas forests
D) nearly half of North Americas forestlands have

been cleared for various reasons
E) the area of natural forests has been sustained

throughout the world

bulunuz.
63. Serdar:One of the most exciting things about

travelling is seeing how big the world actually is.
Aya:That sounds wonderful, but Ive never had
the chance to leave my hometown yet. I hope
that someday I experience this feeling.
Serdar:----
Aya: I really appreciate your support. Ill need
to save up some money and ask my parents, but
maybe this is a possibility for us to consider in
the near future.
.
A) I can help you achieve that goal. Lets just plan a

small trip to somewhere not so far from here but
still something very different from what youre
used to.
B) I cant believe that youve never left this town. Im

sure that therell be many chances for you to travel
as youre young and still studying.
C) Ive seen many parts of the world, and I must admit

that no other country compares to my own.
D) Youve an interest in exploring more of what the

world can offer, but it might be dangerous for a
person at your age to go to a distant place alone.
E) If you havent travelled yet, then it seems that you

wont have many chances to do so in the future.
64. Sally:- I recently read that theres a lot of 66. Pam : - Do you know anything about Maxwell?
research, going on in China now, into stem cells James Clerk Maxwell? I've never heard of him!
from human embryos. Father: - Few people have. And it's really most
Sylvia:- Thats not surprising when you consider unfair. He was a very great physicist and much
that, in their culture, embryos are not thought of admired by Einstein.
as human beings. Pam : - ----
Sally:- ---- Father: - He demonstrated that electricity and
Sylvia:- The international scientific community magnetism were just different aspects of the
should do what it can to put a stop to that same phenomenon - electromagnetism..
activity!.
A) Really? What did he do?

A) I know it; thats a belief that goes as far back as the
great Chinese philosopher Confucius. B) Then why isn\'t he better known?
B) In fact, I have always believed that stem-cell C) Do his theories have any practical application?
treatment is essential for some deadly diseases.
D) Are his theories of light really basic to colour
C) Many uneducated people in the West think stem television?
cells are used to clone human beings and create
spare body parts. E) That\'s interesting! Did he ever meet Einstein?
D) Actually, a new technique allows scientists to

create stem cells without destroying a human 67. James : - You'd never go to see a film like 'Spider
embryo. Man', so why are you reading about it? Ann : -
I'm fascinated by all the special effects and how
E) A number of proper clinical trials are being they were achieved. James : - ---- Ann : - Yes, to
conducted, using stem cells for conditions like some extent; but not entirely. The webs, for
heart-muscle damage and liver disease. instance, are real materials like fishing line and
computer generated animation..
65. Louis:- You should have gotten a flu shot last

autumn. Then, you wouldnt have become so sick A) I understand New York plays quite an important
with the flu. role in the film.
Margaret:- Im not so sure it would have done
any good, since every year a different type of flu B) Certain techniques were in an effort to overcome
attacks the world. these problems.
Louis:- ----
Margaret:- Then, youre right; I could have C) I suppose it\'s all done by high technology, isn\'t it?
spared myself a miserable two-week bout of
illness.. D) I thought their main aim was to tell a great story.
E) No. The effects team did most of the hard work.

A) Actually, I have heard that there is a new molecular
technique being used in flu-vaccine production.
B) Every year, the US government organizes a yakn cmleyi bulunuz.
campaign to ensure that more than 100 million
Americans are given a vaccine against the flu virus.
C) Dont you know a sort of library of 27 billion

antibodies was created from the blood of just 57 68. We will never be able to get all these exhibits
human volunteers in 2004? As a result, they were dated and labelled for the opening of the
able to find an antibody for the SARS virus. museum unless we get a lot of assistance..
D) You know, the famous bird flu of 2007 turned out to

be four separate circulating strains. A) It would help us to finish the dating and labelling of
the exhibits if the museum is not opened for a
E) The vaccine makers know that! Thats why they while.
spend several months every year matching a new
vaccine to the distinctive molecules on the surface B) With just a little extra assistance we shall be able
of the latest mutation of the flu virus. to get all these exhibits dated and labelled before
the museum is opened.
C) The opening of the museum does not depend on

whether or not we can get all these exhibits dated
and labelled.
D) Were going to need an awful lot of help if were to

date and label these exhibits in time for the
opening of the museum.
E) Once the museum is open we can easily get plenty

of help in the dating and labelling of the exhibits.
69. Hell never get oranges to grow here; the climate
just isnt suitable..
A) If he wants to grow oranges he could try here; the
climate is just right.
B) Oranges require sun and warmth, so naturally they 72. ----. We are told how the Romanesque style of
wont grow here. the twelfth century with its round arches
was succeeded by the Gothic style with the
C) However hard he tries, he wont manage to grow pointed arch; how the Gothic style was
oranges here as its the wrong sort of climate. supplanted by the Renaissance, which had its
beginnings in Italy in the early fifteenth century
D) The climate may be right for growing oranges but and slowly gained ground in all the countries of
hes had no success. Europe. The style which followed the
Renaissance is usually called Baroque..
E) The climate is the most important factor when
growing oranges.
A) It is true to say that the Renaissance style of
building has continued from Brunelleschi\'s days
70. Worries that the strong yen will hurt exports and
down to our own
strangle Japan's economic recovery, have pushed
share prices sharply down..
B) It is not always easy to give a date to a work of art
A) The strong yen, which is having an adverse effect C) The fact is that from the Renaissance onwards,
on exports and on the nation\'s economic position almost up to our own time, architects have used
generally, is responsible for the sudden drop in the same basic forms
share prices in Japan.
D) The history of art is sometimes presented as the
B) The strong yen is having an adverse effect on story of a succession of various styles
exports and putting an end to all Japan\'s hopes of
economic recovery, and so share prices have E) The period around 1700 saw the culmination of the
dropped sharply. Baroque movement in Europe
C) Share prices have dropped noticeably in Japan for it 73. Food industrialists hail biotechnology as
is feared that the strong yen will adversely affect a miracle, but there are many people who
exports and make the nation\'s economic recovery feel distinctly uneasy about this new
impossible. development. ---. They wonder what unknown
changes take place when the genes of living
D) The sudden drop in share prices, and worries about things are manipulated and what the long-term
the strong yen, are having an adverse effect on consequences might be..
Japan\'s exports and indeed her economic recovery
at large.
A) One of the most exiting and fearful areas in genetic
E) The noticeable drop in share prices in Japan has set research today is the cloning of animals
people worrying about the yen, about exports and
even about the process of economic recovery B) These people feel that tampering with genetics
may change organisms in ways not yet fully
understood, even by the scientists who developed
71. He's rather hopeful that he'll get the
the techniques.
appointment since the other candidates are at a
disadvantage, which is his fluency in French as
C) Indeed it is now possible to select desirable traits
none of the candidates for the appointment know
from a number or species and insert them into the
any..
genetic material of crops and animals.
A) His main advantage is his fluency in French as none D) Biotechnology means the use of biological systems
of the other candidates for the appointment know or organisms to create or modify products.
any.
E) Biotechnology promises to produce greater crops
B) As none of the other candidates speak much yields, leaner meats and better nutrient
French, it seems obvious that he\'ll be appointed. composition.
C) As French is the main requirement, none of the

other candidates will even qualify.
D) The appointment will be given to whichever of the

candidates is most fluent in French.
E) He\'s fairly confident that he\'ll be appointed as

he\'s the only candidate who knows French.
74. The development of effective anti-retrovirals has
transformed AIDS into two diseases: one for the
rich and quite a different one for the poor. ----. okunduunda parann anlam btnln
So, they can think of their illness as a chronic bozan cmleyi bulunuz.
condition with which they may live for decades.
The incidence of new cases has also dropped
significantly. By contrast, in much of the
developing world, HIV infection is still largely an 76. (I) Mycobacterium tuberculosis has plagued
ear-term death sentence, and the far greater humans throughout history. (II) Improved public
incidence is only just beginning to level off.. health brought the epidemic under control, and
the advent of antibiotics in the 1940s seemed to
ensure successful treatment. (III) But the
A) In the developed world, people with HIV have bacteria have adapted to nearly every drug used
access to health care against them. (IV) As a result, there has been a
recent resurgence, and the disease now kills a
B) Poor people with HIV generally rely on health aid person every 15 seconds, worldwide.(V) The
packages from developed countries germ in question is the tuberculosis-causing
Mycobacterium tuberculosis, once the leading
C) The disease still cannot be cured completely, but cause of death in the US..
has been made less immediately lethal
D) Scientists estimate that the number of HIV-infected A) I

people will soon have doubled
B) II
E) People in poor countries are at a greater risk of
catching the disease due to poor living conditions C) III
D) IV
75. In Britain at the head of the government
structure is the Cabinet, which consists of the
E) V
leading members of the majority party in the
Commons, selected by the Prime Minister. ----.
Although legally ministers are individually 77. (I) Apartheid is the legal and political
responsible for the exercise of government endorsement or institutionalization of
powers, politically it is expected that the Cabinet discrimination. (II) Even though South Africa has
is collectively responsible for government policy. much to offer investors, its government has
It thus acts as one man, and a minister who come under attack for its foreign policy. (III) It
disagrees with the Cabinet must either resign or involves the assigning of an individual at birth
remain silent.. into a certain class of citizen. (IV) In the case, for
example, of the apartheid regime in South Africa,
this classification depended on skin colour and
A) The British Parliament consists of the Houses of four classes existed white, coloured, Asian, and
Commons and Lords black. (V) Indeed, in the South African case, this
distinction was made before birth, in so far as
B) Most Cabinet ministers are the heads of pregnant women could only be treated by
government departments, which are staffed by civil doctors of their own skin colour..
servants
C) In the British political system the monarch has no A) I

executive powers
B) II
D) Local administrations enjoy considerable autonomy
in decision-making C) III
E) In the past British governments followed a policy of D) IV

non-intervention in the world
E) V
78. (I) Galileo attempted to measure the speed of
light by trying to measure the time required for
light to travel a known distance between two
hilltops. (II) Galileo stationed an assistant on one
hilltop, and himself on another, and ordered the
assistant to lift the cover from a lamp the instant
he saw a flash from Galileos lamp. (III) When the
persons head moved to one side, a different
bundle of rays would enter the eye from each
point. (IV) The time was so short that he
concluded it merely represented human reaction
time, and that the speed of light must be
extremely high. (V) Galileo measured the time
between the flash of his lamp and when he
received the light from his assistants lamp..
A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V
79. (I) Many people associate mythology only with 80. (I) Although in the great majority of cases a
the Greeks and Romans. (II) After all, these two person's genetic make-up results in normal
civilizations have supplied the most famous development, genes can occasionally be a source
myths and gods in history. (III) In many ways, of problems. (II) If a defective gene inherited
they encountered one another often because of from one parent is recessive, the dominant - and
trade, migration, and conquest. (IV) However, it usually normal - allele from the other parent can
is important to realize that all cultures i all prevent this particular problem. (III) Indeed,
sections of the world have their own unique some human disorders are entirely hereditary
mythologies. (V) That is certainly true for the and are passed along according to the same
sophisticated Mayan and Aztec civilizations that principles of inheritance that determine eye
developed in Mesoamerica.. colour and nose shape. (IV) Other genetic
disorders are not inherited but may result from
errors during cell division in meiosis. (V)
A) I Chromosomes and the genes they carry can also
be made abnormal by radiation, drugs, viruses,
B) II chemicals and perhaps even the aging process..
C) III
A) I
D) IV
B) II
E) V
C) III
D) IV
E) V
1 B 41 B
2 E 42 A
3 C 43 E
4 B 44 C
5 B 45 B
6 B 46 E
7 E 47 A
8 A 48 B
9 C 49 E
10 C 50 D
11 B 51 A
12 E 52 C
13 B 53 D
14 B 54 B
15 B 55 B
16 E 56 E
17 A 57 D
18 B 58 E
19 C 59 D
20 D 60 B
21 E 61 A
22 A 62 D
23 C 63 A
24 D 64 A
25 E 65 E
26 B 66 A
27 B 67 C
28 D 68 D
29 E 69 C
30 A 70 C
31 C 71 E
32 C 72 D
33 D 73 B
34 B 74 A
35 C 75 B
36 E 76 E
37 E 77 B
38 A 78 C
39 E 79 C
40 B 80 E
30
5. Because critical periods occur throughout
pregnancy, a woman should continuously ---- her
uygun den szck ya da ifadeyi bulunuz. health..
A) keep in with
1. Countries need to utilize the full scope of
appropriate policies to maintain financial B) put up with
stability in the face of shocks to avoid abrupt
economic ----.. C) find out
D) take good care of

A) provisions
E) look up to
B) similarities
C) opportunities
D) fluctuations
E) precautions
2. Slab avalanches are commonly associated with

heavy snowfall and ---- wind..
A) main
B) strong
C) complete
D) individual
E) present
3. Microeconomics is the part of economics that ----

on the behaviour of consumers, business firms,
traders, and farmers..
A) points
B) integrates
C) focuses
D) encounters
E) oversees
4. While both belong to the Primate family,

monkeys and apes are ---- different from one
another..
A) sharply
B) distinctly
C) merely
D) nearly
E) timely
6. Science requires the testing of its ideas or
theories to see if its predictions are ---- by
experiment..
A) made up
B) borne out
C) closed in
D) put off
E) sorted out
7. Modern humans, Homo sapiens, ---- in Africa

around 200, 000 years ago and by about 30, 000
years ago they ---- all other forms of early
humans, such as Neanderthals and Homo
erectus..
A) have been evolving / replaced
B) would evolve / are replacing
C) were evolving / have replaced
D) evolved / had replaced
E) had evolved / had been replacing
8. Of every 10, 000 children born in the US, almost

7 ---- from health problems because their
mothers ---- alcohol during pregnancy..
A) suffered / have consumed
B) were suffering / consume
C) had suffered / were consuming
D) will have suffered / will consume
E) suffer / consumed
9. Leaves change colour in the fall ---- chemical

changes which cause them to stop producing the
green pigment chlorophyll..
A) in that
B) however
C) owing to
D) as though
E) by the time
10. There have been many arguments ---- whether
intelligence is biologically or socially
determined..
A) just
B) how
C) because
D) if only
E) as to
11. I did manage to keep my temper but I couldn't 15. A computer ---- a machine for ---- data according
refrain ---- pointing ---- that what he had done to a list of instructions..
was wrong..
A) is / manipulating
A) in / at
B) was / to manipulate
B) at / to
C) has been / manipulated
C) by / away
D) may be / to be manipulating
D) for / off
E) had been / being manipulated
E) from / out
12. In order to understand the implications of

research ---- brain development one has to make
a systematic study ---- what children know..
A) on / into
B) for / by
C) through / beyond
D) over / at
E) after / before
13. They claim that their aim is to establish long

term cooperation ---- their customers, ---- a basis
of partnership and mutual trust..
A) or / over
B) with / on
C) by / through
D) from / in
E) among / for
14. When fertilizers are added to a crop, a plant

absorbs ---- the extra nitrogen, phosphorus, and
potassium from the fertilizer, ---- proportionately
increased levels of micronutrients from the soil,
including zinc, iron, and copper..
A) so / that
B) such / as
C) less / but
D) even / more
E) not only / but also

16. A group of scientists draw attention to their
belief ---- the United States is not doing enough
to defend the planet against the dangers..
A) which
B) that
C) if
D) how
E) when
21. V.
da ifadeyi bulunuz. A) hardly...when
B) neither...or
---- by Thomas Aquinas, William of Moerbeke made a C) not only...but also

Latintranslation (II) ---- Aristotle's On the Heavens
andMeteorology in 1260. During the next two decades, he D) either...and
also translated parts ofAristotle's (III) ---- works. He also
(IV) ---- existing Latin versions of some Aristotelian E) both...nor
writings,including On Memory and Recall. Because of
William's highly literal style, histranslations (V) ---- helped
his contemporaries understand Aristotle's exact meaning -
--- establishedhis translations as the standard for the
Medieval Latin world.
17. I.
A) To have urged
B) To urge
C) Urged
D) Urging
E) To be urged
18. II.
A) into
B) of
C) on
D) at
E) with
19. III.
A) other
B) anything
C) each
D) much of
E) the others
20. IV.
A) reserved
B) remained
C) resembled
D) revised
E) reminded
26. V.
da ifadeyi bulunuz. A) acquired
B) conducted
Survivors of thefiery meltdown of Reactor 4 in Chernobyl a C) disposed

decade ago won't welcome the newsthat radiation has (I) -
--- the genetic legacy they have passed on totheir D) enforced
children. But that is precisely (II) ---- a team of Russian
andBritish scientists has concluded in a report that began E) prescribed
to draw critical firefrom other researchers even before it
(III) ---- in the April 25 Nature.The study, published (IV) ----
the eve of the 10th anniversary of thenuclear disaster in 27. - 36.sorularda, verilen cmleyi uygun
the former Soviet Union, suggests that parents exposed ekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz.
toradiation (V) ---- measurable mutations in their germ
cells. Thosecells--sperm and eggs--contain the genetic
building blocks of futuregenerations.
27. ----, until the Europeans began to settle there in
the 18th century..
22. I. A) Anthropologists believe that aboriginal people in

Australia initially arrived from Asia
A) pursued
B) In Australia, various aboriginal tribes had inhabited
the region now known as South Wales
B) excused
C) Australias leading city, Sydney, has experienced
C) delivered
alternating periods of growth and decline
D) countered
D) Australia has always been inhabited by the
aboriginal people
E) altered
E) Sydney is a modern cosmopolitan city that has a
23. II. distinctive cultural identity
A) which 28. Whereas life forms in the worlds cold and icy
lands are scarce, ----..
B) how
C) when A) the ice sheet of Antarctica contains about 30

million cubic kilometres of ice
D) that
B) Antarctica supports only a few species of cold
E) what adapted land plants and animals
C) marine life in the seas surrounding Antarctica is

24. III. rich and diverse
D) Antarctica is fifth in size among the worlds

A) would appear continents
B) had appeared E) the geologic evolution of Antarctica has followed a

course similar to those of the other southern
C) appeared continents
D) will appear
29. If galaxies pass near each other or converge, -
E) is appearing ---..
25. IV. A) they would have surely caused a great cosmic

collision
A) by B) the proximity between them is not always stable

due to movements in space
B) to
C) the process was usually accompanied by other
C) with phenomena
D) on D) they can be reshaped by each others gravitational

forces
E) from
E) the Milky Way Galaxy has existed for millions of
light-years
30. After the new law comes into effect next month, 34. ---- such a restrictive policy is likely to cause a lot
----.. of damage..
A) there will be a radical change in the structure of A) As soon as the new managing director took up his
local administration position
B) we should have prepared the way for a smooth B) Should the monetary situation have deteriorated
political transition
C) In case the receipts turned out to be forgeries
C) the policy on industrial relations had to be
abandoned D) Just as the world economy was picking up
D) all the hospitals in the country had been made E) As far as the long term interests of the company
accountable to the Ministry of Health are concerned
E) the case may have been reconsidered

35. ---- the trend to withdraw savings from bank
continues..
31. As heavy rain had been forecast for the area, -
---..
A) Since the value of many shares on the stock would
have dropped by as much as a half every hour
A) record harvest are expected this year
B) When export restrictions on certain goods were
B) they would presumably cancel the excursion to the finally lifted
ruins in the valley
C) If the Central Bank had taken firmer instructions at
C) I cant imagine why they neglected to take all the start
necessary precautions to avoid flooding
D) Unless the interest rates are raised at once
D) farm labours would have to work overtime and
weekends E) Inasmuch as the financial situation is steadily
deteriorating
E) the resulting floods caused widespread hardships
36. ---- they still havent chosen the team of the

32. ---- the judge would almost certainly have been engineers..
more lenient towards him..
A) Although work on the project should have started

A) Despite the fact that he forged the title indeed last week
B) If only we could bribe one of the witnesses B) When they start work on the dam next week
C) Had he admitted his part in the affair from the start C) Whoever made the designs for this block of flats
D) While our lawyer was negotiating the terms of D) In order to find out why the plane crashed
settlement with their lawyer
E) As soon as the new model became available
E) Because the legal procedures make this
unavoidable
33. ----, the United Nations is still far from reaching

any agreement on what action take..
A) Whatever the price that has to be paid to restore

peace
B) If the famine in Africa is to get relief
C) While many innocent lives are being lost in internal

conflicts
D) Whoever is responsible for all this bloodshed
E) Despite the fact that the world population had

increased at an unprecedented rate
39. Amazonu korumak istiyoruz nk
ocuklarmzn ve torunlarmzn en azndan
anlamca en yakn Trke cmleyi, Trke bizimki kadar gzel bir dnyada
cmleye anlamca en yakn ngilizce cmleyi yaayabilmelerini salamann yolunun bu
bulunuz. olduunu biliyoruz..
A) The Amazon should be preserved because we know

that is the way to make sure our children and
37. Her gn gazetelerden ve televizyondan, sadece
grandchildren live in a world at least as good as
on yl nce bize bilim kurgu gibi grnecek olan
ours.
yeni teknolojik gelimeleri reniyoruz..
B) We want to preserve the Amazon because we know
A) Newspapers and television give us almost everyday that this is the way to make sure our children and
accounts of new technological developments that grandchildren can live in a world at least as good
only ten years ago would have seemed like science as ours.
fiction.
C) We will preserve the Amazon for we know vey well
B) Every day, with newspapers and television, we that this is the way to make sure our children and
learn of new technological developments that, as grandchildren can live in a world better than ours.
little as ten years ago, would have seemed like
science fiction. D) We want to preserve the Amazon because we have
known for years that this is the only way to make
C) New technological developments that we learn sure our children and grandchildren will live in a
about daily from newspapers or the television better world.
would have seemed to us like science fiction only
ten years ago. E) The Amazon should be preserved since we have
come to know that this is the way to provide our
D) The technological developments that would have children and grandchildren with a world in which
seemed to us like science fiction only ten years ago they can li like us
are now being recorded on a regular basis in
newspapers and on television.
40. Compared with the ape skeleton, the human
skeleton possesses distinct differences that
E) Every day, from newspapers and television, we
reflect our ability to stand erect and walk on two
learn about new technological developments that
feet..
would have seemed to us like science fiction only
ten years ago.
A) Maymun iskeletiyle karlatrlnca grlr ki insan
38. Gelimekte olan birok ekonomide, nfusun iskeletinin ayakta dik durmamz ve iki ayak
zerinde yrmemizi salayan nemli zellikleri
byk bir ksm krsal alanlarda yaar ve zellikle
vardr.
kullanlmayan sulak arazisi az olan Hindistan gibi
lkelerde kii bana alnan tarmsal rn miktar
B) Maymun iskeletiyle karlatrldnda, insan
dktr..
iskeleti, ayakta dik durma ve iki ayak zerinde
yrme yeteneimizi yanstan belirgin farkllklara
A) Since most of the population of developing sahiptir.
economies such as India lives in rural areas and
owns little arable land, the amount of agricultural C) insan iskeleti, maymun iskeletinden farkl olarak,
output per person is low. bizim hem ayakta durma hem de iki ayak zerinde
yrme yeteneimizi yanstan nemli niteliklere
B) Although the per capita amount of agricultural sahiptir.
production is low in many developing economies
such as India, most of the population continues to D) Maymun iskeletiyle insan iskeleti arasndaki belirgin
live in rural areas where there is little unused farkllklardan biri, ayakta dik durma ve iki ayak
arable land. zerinde yrme yeteneimizle ilgilidir.
C) A large portion of the population lives in rural areas E) insan iskeletiyle maymun iskeleti
in many developing economies such as India, and karlatrldnda grlr ki ayakta dik durma ve
the amount of agricultural output per person is low, iki ayak zerinde yrme yetenei insan iskeletinin
particularly in countries that have little unused sahip olduu nemli farkllklardandr.
arable land.
D) In many developing economies, a large portion of

the population lives in rural areas, and the amount
of agricultural output per person is low, particularly
in countries that have little unused arable land,
such as in India.
E) A large portion of the population lives in rural

areas, and the amount of agricultural output per
person is low, particularly in countries that have
little unused arable land, which is the case in many
developing economies such as India.
41. The blood returning to the heart through the
veins has a much lower pressure than the blood
flowing in the arteries..
A) Toplardamarlardaki kan, atardamarlarda akan kana

gre, olduka dk bir basnla kalbe dner.
B) Toplardamarlarn kalbe ilettii kann basnc,

atardamarlarda akan kannkine gre, ok daha
dktr.
C) Toplardamarlar araclyla kalbe dnen kan,

atardamarlarda akan kandan ok daha dk bir
basnca sahiptir.
D) Toplardamarlarda akan kan kalbe dnd iin,

basnc atardamarlardaki kana gre ok daha
dktr.
E) Atardamarlarda akan kan, basnc iyice derek

toplardamarlar araclyla kalbe dner.
42. When the Sirkeci train station went into service
on November 3, 1890, the waiting room was
heated with stoves brought from Austria and lit
by coal-gas lamps..
A) 3 Kasm 1890da hizmete giren Sirkeci tren

istasyonunun hava gaz lambalaryla aydnlatlan
bekleme salonu, ou Avusturyadan ithal edilen
sobalarla stlyordu.
B) Sirkeci tren istasyonu 3 Kasm 1890da hizmete

girdiinde, bekleme salonu Avusturyadan getirtilen
sobalarla stlyor ve hava gaz lambalaryla
aydnlatlyordu.
C) 3 Kasm 1890da, bekleme salonu hava gaz

lambalaryla aydnlatlan ve Avusturyadan ithal
edilen sobalarla stlan Sirkeci tren istasyonu
hizmete girdi.
D) Sirkeci tren istasyonu 3 Kasm 1890da hizmete

girdiinde, hava gaz lambalaryla aydnlatlan
bekleme salonunu stmak iin Avusturyadan soba
ithal edilmiti.
E) Sirkeci tren istasyonunun Avusturya sobalaryla

stlan ve hava gaz lambalaryla aydnlatlan
bekleme salonu, 3 Kasm 1890da hizmete girmiti
46. As we understand from the passage, overweight
people ----..
cevaplaynz.
A) have more allergic reactions than do others

Fungi that infect the skin live only in the dead, topmost B) tend to suffer from severe scaling in all partsof the
layer and don't penetrate deeper. Some fungal infections body
cause no symptoms or produce only a small amount of
irritation, scaling and redness. Other fungal infections C) are more susceptible to fungal infections thanare
cause itching, swelling, blisters and severe scaling. those of normal weight
Fungi usually make their homes in moist areas of the body
where skin surfaces meet: between the toes, in the groin D) rarely get fungal infections except under
thebreasts
and under the breasts. Obese people are more likely to
get these infections because they have excessive skin E) are advised to keep their skin as dry aspossible at
folds. Strangely, fungal infections on one part of the body all times
can cause rashes on other parts of the body that
aren't infected. For example, a fungal infection on the foot
may cause an itchy, bumpy rash on the fingers. These
eruptions represent allergic reactions to the fungus.
43. We learn from the passage that fungal infections

----..
A) hardly ever produce an allergic reaction
B) never present a serious problem and areeasily

treated
C) only present a problem if they get under thesurface

of the skin
D) spread quickly from one part of the body toanother
E) are frequently to be found in parts of the bodythat

tend to be damp
44. It is clear from the passage that there

is considerable variety ----..
A) in the symptoms resulting from fungalinfections
B) in the length of treatment required for

fungalinfections
C) in the type and degree of swelling caused bywell-

established fungal infections
D) in the frequency with which obese people

areinfected by fungi
E) in the degree of irritation once the fungi

havepenetrated the skin
45. As is pointed out in the passage, one

rather unusual characteristic of fungal infections
is that ----..
A) they can penetrate deep under the skin
B) the groin is invariably the site where they

firstappear
C) they are to be found either between the toesor

between the fingers, but never in bothareas
D) they can produce eruptions in sites other thanthe

infected area of the body
E) they present no symptoms other than abumpy rash

50. It is obvious from the passage that immigration -
---..
cevaplaynz.
A) has increased the amount of racism in

theNetherlands
As for the lifestyle in the Netherlands, the Dutch have a
deserved reputation for being easygoing. But as with any B) into the Netherlands upsets no one
country, there are some surprises for newcomers to get
used to. For instance, the amount of bureaucracy strikes C) is a very serious concern for the Dutch
them as remarkable when they first move to
the Netherlands. Want to light a small fire in your garden? D) laws in the Netherlands have been relaxed inrecent
You'll need permission from the local government. Fancy years
painting your house? Better check with the government
E) into the Netherlands has taken a downwardturn
first. A major problem is the tightening up of immigration
laws on a large scale. The problem is that the Netherlands
is a small country that is facing a lot of immigration,
so they are making it tougher and tougher. But, actually,
racism is foreign to the Dutch culture. They are very
accepting; they take you as you are.
47. We understand from the passage that the Dutch

people ----..
A) frequently discriminate against foreigners
B) wish to keep foreigners out of the country
C) constantly complain about the inefficiency oflocal

governments
D) represent a number of contrasting features
E) resent having to live in such a small county
48. It is clear from the passage that, in

the Netherlands, ----..
A) certain ordinary activities are subject toregulation
B) a large proportion of the people are racists
C) immigrants invariably have a very tough timeto

start with
D) local governments have very little authority
E) bureaucracy plays a very small role in dailylife
49. We understand from the passage

that newcomers to the Netherlands ----..
A) feel obliged to conform to the Dutch way oflife
B) are never absorbed into the community
C) usually feel themselves at home from thebeginning
D) soon adapt themselves to the Dutch culture
E) may be surprised at the many and

variousregulations
53. It is made clear in the passage that early
examples of pottery ----..
cevaplaynz.
A) were probably intended for holding water and other

liquids
Pottery was one of mans first artefacts. It is the presence
of pottery, rather than of the polished stone, that marks B) were almost invariably made by men
the passage from the Mesolithic to the Neolithic Ages,
when agricultural peoples settled both in the C) served no practical purpose at all
Mediterranean area and in the Middle East. It is commonly
believed that the earliest pottery receptacles copied those D) were made in known shapes like those of baskets
of other materials, such as gourds or baskets. From the
E) tell us nothing at all about the people who made
fingerprints on them, it is possible to deduce that they
them
were made principally by women. Originally, any
decoration was indented; that is, patterns were pressed
into the soft clay, and it remained so for a long period
until new situations, at different times in different parts of
the world, produced painted decoration. As a widespread
form of culture, permanently bearing in its shapes and
decoration the character of individual periods and
peoples, the finding of pottery has been of supreme
importance to the archaeologist.
51. One can understand from the passage that ----..
A) pottery production gave rise to agricultural

development in the Middle East
B) pottery production achieved technical perfection in

the Mesolithic age
C) the pottery of the Mesolithic Age is

indistinguishable from that of the Neolithic Age
D) pottery can be used to trace development in early

human civilizations
E) the Neolithic Ages in the Mediterranean area are

largely characterized by the use of polished stone
52. According to the passage, it was during the

Neolithic Age that ----..
A) agricultural peoples began to settle in the Middle

East and along the Mediterranean
B) coloured stones were frequently collected and

polished
C) people first recognized the need for containers and

began to make baskets and use gourds to carry
water
D) painted decoration of pottery gave way to

decoration by indentation
E) pottery making spread from the Middle East to

other parts of the world
54. As is pointed out in the passage, pottery is of
great importance to archaeologists largely
because ----..
A) it has considerable artistic beauty
B) the fingerprints of the makers are preserved in

them
C) it preserves the character of individual periods
D) it is more durable than other artefacts
E) it is the very first artefact ever to be made by man

57. It can be inferred from the passage that ----..
cevaplaynz.
A) the flexibility and efficiency of AI has matched and
even surpassed that of humans
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is the ability of a digital computer B) developing a system that has human-like features
or computer-controlled robot to perform tasks commonly will obviously remain an impossibility
associated with intelligent beings.The term is frequently
applied to the project of developing systems endowed C) humans are still better than computers in such
with the intellectual processes characteristic of humans, tasks as proving mathematical theorems
such as the ability to reason, discover meaning,
generalize, or learn from past experience. Since the D) despite the continuing advances, computer
technology cannot be used efficiently in fields such
development of the digital computer in the 1940s, it has
as voice or handwriting recognition
been demonstrated that computers can be programmed
to perform very complex tasks, such as discovering proofs E) although a lot has been achieved, AI is as yet in its
for mathematical theorems or playing chess, with great infancy particularly when there is a need for
proficiency. Still, although there are continuing advances everyday knowledge
in computer-processing speed and memory capacity,
there are as yet no programs that can match human
58. According to the passage, some outstanding AI
flexibility over wider domains or in tasks requiring much
applications ----..
everyday knowledge. On the other hand, some
extraordinary programs have attained performance levels
beyond those of human experts and professionals A) are fully-developed in terms of processing speed
engaged in certain specific tasks. AI, in this limited sense, and memory capacity
is used efficiently and found in applications as diverse as
medical diagnosis, computer search engines, and voice or B) are not as efficient as desired in a number of fields,
including medical diagnosis
handwriting recognition.
C) are soon to be employed in the development of
new and diverse systems that reach beyond human
flexibility
55. It can be understood from the passage that some
programs equipped with AI ----.. D) have surpassed the performance levels of human
experts
A) perform certain tasks much better than humans E) are still at the stage of safety testing before they
can be used in such fields as medicine and
B) have very limited memory capacity
computer sciences
C) successfully make use of much everyday
knowledge
D) have far more flexibility than is found in human

beings
E) are very limited in scope
56. According to the passage, AI ----..
A) matches human flexibility over domains wider than

ever before
B) is a term used to refer to certain human-like

features associated with intelligence in manmade
machines
C) refers to tasks associated with such intelligent

beings as humans
D) is used to describe humans ability to reason,

discover meaning, generalize, or learn from past
experience
E) has caused a decline in the overall performance of

humans with difficult tasks
62. The young pink salmon ----..
cevaplaynz.
A) destroy the safe haven of other types of salmon
B) are bred in aqua farms

According to a recent study by the University of Alberta,
parasitic sea lice are killing a population of young wild C) live closer to the coast than do the adults
pink salmon along Canadas west coast in alarming
numbers. The authors of the study say that the entire wild D) have recently been relocated for safety
population may be gone within eight years. With their
protective scales, adult salmon can safely harbour the E) are a type of fish protected by law
lice, but young salmon do not yet have the protective
scales, leaving them prone to deep, infection-prone
wounds left by the lice.Juveniles live in coastal waters, 63. - 67.sorularda, karlkl konumann bo
which are normally far from parasite-carrying adults living braklan ksmn tamamlayabilecek ifadeyi
farther out to sea. Now, however, aqua farms are often bulunuz.
located in these same waters, destroying the young
salmons safe haven. Scientists argue that fish farms must
be relocated or reduced, but so far, no government
regulations have been launched to this end. 63. David : - Wouldn't it be wonderful if there were
no flies or insects in the world?
Mark : - ----
David: - Really? Why not?
Mark : - Because, for one thing, insect
59. According to the passage, adult pink salmon ----..
pollination plays a role in producing about one-
third of a human's diet..
A) live in harbours and coastal waters
A) I\'m not sure that it would. Some of them are fun to
B) often carry parasites, but are not affected by them
watch.
C) suffer greatly from infections caused by sea lice
B) Well, it may sound like a fine idea; but actually we
couldn\'t go on living without them.
D) protect their young from parasites with their scales
C) Those that bite and sting can go. But it would be
E) become more prone to infection as they grow
wrong to get rid of them all.
bigger
D) Bees make honey so you\'d keep them, wouldn\'t
60. The researchers at the University of Alberta you?
believe that ----..
E) What\'s the matter? Have you just been bitten by
one?
A) pink salmon may not be able to find lice to feed on
within eight years
64. Carrie :- Heres an article about a new drug-
B) Canadas west coast has not been protected well release implant that works with a battery. The
for eight years drugs are coated with a substance that dissolves
when exposed to an electric current, so when the
C) the wild pink salmon population could disappear device is switched on, the drug is released into
within eight years the body.
Diane :- ----
D) the rate of increase of the pink salmon population Carrie :- Well, the device could be controlled
is alarming remotely by a doctor to protect the patient from
overdosing or missing a dose of his or her
E) it takes about eight years for the pink salmon to medication.
grow into adults Diane :- Oh, I hadnt thought of that. What a
good idea!.
61. It can be understood from the passage that ----..

A) Why would a person need something like that?
A) parasitic life forms cannot survive in open sea B) Have tests been performed with the device?
B) the left side of the young pink salmon is more C) How is the device implanted into the persons
prone to infection body?
C) adult pink salmon start to lose their scales after D) Does the device or its battery have to be replaced
eight years periodically?
D) wild pink salmon are used to cleanse the water of E) Ive heard that such devices can trigger
sea lice autoimmune responses in the body. Is that true?
E) aqua farms are a threat to the young pink salmon

65. Andrew: Do you happen to know anything
about the Nye Committee?
Colin: Yes, it was appointed in 1934 yakn cmleyi bulunuz.
to investigate the munitions industry following
allegations that armament firms were working
against the cause of peace.
Andrew: ----. 68. In relation to the size of the population, the
Colin: The allegations were found to be true, and commerce of the mainland colonies of America at
therefore, the industry was nationalized.. this time was unusually large..
A) What were the results of their investigations? A) At this period, the commercial activities of the
mainland colonies of America were considerable
B) What a world we live in! even though the population was increasing only
slowly.
C) How is it you know all this?
B) Since the population of the mainland colonies of
D) I wonder just how much money these people make America at this time was small their trading
out of armaments. activities were comparatively large.
E) How long did these investigations take them? C) Considering how small the population of the
mainland colonies of America was at this time, the
variety of their trading activities was quite
66. Lisa :- What are you reading? surprising.
Andy :- A book about caterpillars in the Costa
Rican tropical forests. Did you know that theres D) If the size of the population is taken into
one type of caterpillar that looks like a snakes consideration, the trading activities of the mainland
head? colonies of America in this period were remarkably
Lisa :- ---- extensive.
Andy :- I should imagine, only to scare away
predators.. E) The commerce of the mainland colonies of America
at this time increased as quickly as the population
increased.
A) Looking at caterpillars always makes me feel like
Ive got one crawling up my arm!
69. Hardly a day goes without someone coming in
B) How strange. I wonder why? to complain about the unreliability of the ferry
service because it runs so erratically..
C) I dont know why this type of caterpillar lives in a
tropical forest.
A) There is always someone here criticising the ferry
D) How interesting. Does the book mention other service because it runs so erratically.
types?
B) The unreliability of the ferry service is one reason
E) Why did the writer choose to focus on only the why so many people come in every day to
forests in Costa Rica? complain.
C) Most of the complaints we hear, day after day,

67. Janine:- Mr. Jenkins, I believe that the leading about the ferry service relate to its unreliability.
private sector managers provide some much-
needed leadership in the countrys development. D) Someone comes in just about everyday to express
As you are one of them, would you say that it is their dissatisfaction with the ferry service because
just about the money? Mr. Jenkins:- ---- Janine:- it is so undependable.
Can you give an example? Mr. Jenkins:- We have
already invested $1 billion to date, creating our E) Again and again, these people have been criticising
art museum and carrying out various educational the ferry service because it\'s badly run.
initiatives across the country..
A) I dont think so. I believe one must demonstrate the

social responsibility of ones work.
B) Well, the purchasing of bank stocks has been a

major element in strategic vision.
C) I personally believe that industry would benefit

from a multicultural and multinational environment
if it is to succeed in this new era of globalization.
D) If it were not for our financial assets, we would not

have been able to turn our company into a leading
one.
E) We have moved from being a developing market to

being an emerging market. That is in itself a great
achievement, I should say.
70. This documentary focuses on the joys
and pressures that inevitably accompany
the bringing up of a disabled child..
A) As is pointed out in the film, pain and pleasure are

both to be experienced in caring for a crippled
child.
B) In this feature film we are shown the trials and

pleasures that people with an abnormal child
experience.
C) The film highlights the pain and the pleasure

inherent in the task of bringing up a deformed
child.
D) The delights and strains that one is bound to

encounter when caring for a handicapped child are
at the heart of this documentary.
E) The documentary shows how trials and rewards are

equally forthcoming when one is caring for an
irrational child.
71. One of the reasons why Philadelphia's merchants
generally prospered was that the surrounding
area was undergoing tremendous economic and anlam btnln salamak iin
demographic growth.. getirilebilecek cmleyi bulunuz.
A) Philadelphia\'s merchants, in general, had a

prosperous life, and therefore the region, where it 72. Economic liberalisation and reform generally
lies, experienced a serious economic improvement promote economic development. This is not
and population growth. always the case; for instance, the Soviet Union in
the 1930s and East European countries in the
B) That merchants in Philadelphia mostly got rich in a 1950s achieved very high rates of economic
relatively short time was due to the immense growth under state control. In the contemporary
economic and demographic growth in the region. world, however, state ownership, controls and
regulations have generally hindered economic
C) Because Philadelphia\'s merchants were primarily development, whereas, countries like the United
dependent on their neighbours, the economic and States have created strong economies through
demographic advancement in the area was of the implementation of economic liberalisation
tremendous value to them. policies. ----..
D) There was a remarkable growth in economy and
population in the neigbouring area of Philadelphia, A) Economic reforms can most effectively be carried
which was one of the reasons Philadelphia\\'s out under strong government pressure
merchants had an overall financial success.
B) Countries that are still primarily agricultural are
E) The surrounding region was in need of urgent most to be found in Asia and Latin America
economic and demographic growth, but
Philadelphia\\'s merchants had already prospered. C) So it really is fair to say that economic
development is more likely to occur with less state
economic control than with more
D) These two systems can obviously not be reconciled

in the decades ahead
E) Economic and social conditions have a great impact

on state ownership in certain countries
73. Water filters are particularly useful if you live in
a hard water area. Hard water contains a
greater concentration of calcium than soft water.
. It also means that you won't get many suds
from your soap. As well as softening the water, a
filter removes other chemicals to improve its
look and taste..
A) There are many other chemicals which pollute

water
B) Today a water filter is a common sight in many

kitchens
C) Indeed, there\'s more to the household water filter

than meets the eye
D) A water filter is equipped with a cartridge which

contains ion exchange resin and activated carbon
E) In fact, it is this that causes lime scale in kettles,

irons and other electrical appliances
74. Downs syndrome, muscular dystrophy, and
haemophilia may be among the best-known
genetic diseases, but they are most certainly not
alone. Several thousand human genes are linked,
when they fail to work properly, to more than 4,
000 heritable genetic diseases. Moreover, only a
handful of these diseases are treatable. ----.
A) Deactivating such genes during embryonic

development does not kill the embryo, which
suggests that disease-related genes are recently
evolved.
B) Researchers have found that the majority of

disease-causing genes were originally present in
single-celled organisms and that most of the rest
arose much later.
C) Haemophilia, for example, achieved widespread

visibility among the European public when it
afflicted several generations of royal families on
the Continent.
D) The incidence of juvenile diabetes, another

heritable disorder, is on the rise in the US, much to
the alarm of public-health authorities.
E) Any way of systematizing knowledge about them

would thus be welcome, starting with features that
the genes that cause diseases have in common.
75. The word 'psychology was coined by the ancient

Greeks as a label for their philosophic probings
into the human 'psyche'. ----. But how does this
go about studying the mind scientifically?
Science implies measurement. How does one
measure something which can neither be seen
nor heard nor touched?.
A) This is why psychology has come to be known as

the study of behaviour
B) It is not the only discipline that is concerned with a

systematic study of behaviour
C) All of these disciplines are rightly regarded as

behavioural sciences
D) Sociology, on the other hand, is devoted in largest

part to the nature and development of human
society
E) Gradually it came to mean the study of the mind,

and still, in part, retains that meaning
76. (I) According to one of the earliest beliefs, a

person with unusual behaviour was possessed by
evil spirits. (II) Efforts were made to exorcise
these demons by such techniques as prayer,
magic and the use of primitive medicines derived
from herbs. (III) In the Western world, the first
progress in understanding mental disorders was
made by Hippocrates, who rejected demonology.
(IV) If these interventions were unsuccessful,
more extreme measures were taken to ensure
that the body would be an unpleasant dwelling
place for the evil spirit. (V) Starving, burning,
and causing the person to bleed severely, were
frequent forms of intervention..
A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V
77. (I) Moving slowly helps the pygmy three-toed

sloth escape the notice of predators. (II) The
sloth can move quickly when threatened, but
generally expends no more energy than is
necessary to hang around all day eating leaves.
(III) Confined to one remote island that
separated from Panama long ago, this smaller
cousin of mainland sloths has managed to
survive quietly so far, but any disruption to its
habitat could have huge consequences. (IV)
Algae that sometimes coats its fur adds another
level of camouflage. (V) Nearby development
could well be the end of it..
A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V
78. (I) Many different conditions exist along the 79. (I) Some philosophers argue that the only real
length of a river or stream. (II) The nature of a world is the world of the mind and the physical
flowing-water ecosystem changes greatly from world is an illusion. (II) The converse idea is that
its source, where it begins, to its mouth, where it the mind is ultimately a function of the brain.
empties into another body of water. (III) For (III) The brain has physical properties that are in
example, headwater streams are usually shallow, a constant state of flux. (IV) A frequent criticism
cold, swiftly flowing. (IV) In contrast, rivers of the latter position is that it robs humanity of
downstream from the headwaters are wider and its lofty, idealistic spirit. (V) One basic problem
deeper, less cold and slower-flowing. (V) Unless the mind-body dualists have is trying to figure
strong conservation measures are initiated soon, out how the mind is connected to the body and
human population growth and industrialization in vice versa..
tropical countries will spell the end of tropical
rain forests by the middle of the century..
A) I
A) I B) II
B) II C) III
C) III D) IV
D) IV E) V
E) V
80. (I) In his theory of the universe Newton assumed
the universe was static. (II) Galaxies tend to be
grouped in galaxy clusters, with anywhere from a
few to many thousands of galaxies in each
cluster. (III) In other words, Newton believed that
no large-scale changes would occur over time.
(IV) He recognized the difficulties in imagining a
universe either as finite or as infinite. (V) If it is
finite and has a boundary, then the question
would be 'What is beyond the boundary?'.
A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V
1 D 41 C
2 B 42 B
3 C 43 E
4 B 44 A
5 D 45 D
6 B 46 C
7 D 47 D
8 E 48 A
9 C 49 E
10 E 50 C
11 E 51 D
12 A 52 A
13 B 53 D
14 E 54 C
15 A 55 A
16 B 56 B
17 C 57 E
18 B 58 D
19 A 59 B
20 D 60 C
21 C 61 E
22 E 62 C
23 E 63 B
24 C 64 A
25 D 65 A
26 A 66 B
27 B 67 A
28 C 68 D
29 D 69 D
30 A 70 D
31 C 71 D
32 C 72 C
33 C 73 E
34 E 74 E
35 E 75 E
36 A 76 C
37 E 77 D
38 D 78 E
39 B 79 C
40 B 80 B

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26

6. The body resists starvation by ---- its own tissues

1. Despite the ---- of laws in society, its A) getting off

D) agreement 7. In Mozambique, the 1992 peace accord that ----

D) excessive 8. It ---- true that property prices in Ireland and

3. The meat production in the developed world A) may be / would increase

A) forced C) was / increased

B) increased D) could be / would have increased

C) prohibited E) is / have increased

4. Some people may consider someone who works - A) as soon as

5. By mapping equatorial rainfall since 800 AD, A) such as

B) beyond A) with which

13. In Belgium, compensation ---- accidents at work

14. The general effects of inflation can be discussed

D) not only / and

15. The governor said his determination ---- the

A) improving / had been informed

B) to improve / was informed

C) improved / should have informed

D) having improved / is informed

Like yawning and coughing, scratching can beinfectious. C) as opposed to

The traditional Ottoman house was very practical. Infact, C) therefore

A) the enlarged uterus could be seen at about six

B) all of these changes are normal in pregnancy

A) some people assume that they can deal with

B) it is difficult to process toxic elements from

C) by E) it will be impossible to know just how much oil we

31. ----, but each represented a distinct departure

E) As long as culture deals with the written forms of

33. The first outbreak of SARS in southern China

A) that a hot environment is not suitable

B) as soon as the weather began to warm up

C) though distinguishing between SARS and influenza

D) unless transmission is due to people touching

E) so one was at risk of picking up SARS after

A) Genetik, belirli etnik gruplarn nasl hi st rn

B) Baz etnik gruplarn hi st rn kullanmamalarna

C) Hi st rn kullanmayan belirli etnik gruplarn

D) Genetikle aklanamasa da baz etnik gruplar hi

E) Belirli st rnlerini kullanmayan etnik gruplarn

43. It can be understood from the passage that

A) requires an extensive use of farmland

B) is generally extracted from plant starches

C) can be derived from any kind of agricultural waste

D) is not the first choice of the researchers at PNLL

E) is a more environmentally friendly option than are

44. According to the passage, scientists have, for

A) get rid of impurities in plastics

B) convert sugar into HMF

D) extract cellulose from plants

E) make plastics from petroleum

45. We can understand from the passage that the

A) caused a decline in yield, and an increase in cost

B) is more expensive than using acid catalysts

C) is a more efficient way of breaking down glucose

D) resulted in impurities in plastics

E) involves the use of HMF

A) who have not been educated properly and, hence,

47. It is suggested in the passage that the

A) can best be bridged through mutual understanding

B) has ruined many families and caused many

C) has always been a primary concern among younger

D) is unnecessarily exaggerated by young doctors

E) could easily turn into a major problem that cannot