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An Bras Dermatol
PMC4365470
An Bras Dermatol . 2014 Nov-Dez; 89 (6 Supl 1): 1-74.
Doi: 10.1590 / abd1806-4841.20143971
PMCID : PMC4365470
Abstrato
Vamos para:
CAPTULO I
Oznio
O oznio, principal absorvedor de UVR, produzido na
maior parte na estratosfera terrestre da regio equatorial
do planeta. No entanto, devido aos mecanismos de
transporte existentes na alta atmosfera, uma grande parte
do oznio produzido transportado para latitudes mais
altas. Portanto, a regio equatorial do planeta tem menores
quantidades de oznio do que regies de maior latitude e
os plos.
Altitude
Nuvens
Aerossis
FIGURA 1
O ndice ultravioleta e as recomendaes da OMS
FIGURA 3
ndice UV (UVI) para condies de cu limpo (sem nuvens)
nos dias de solstcio e equincio em quatro localidades
brasileiras. Clculos realizados com o modelo de
transferncia de radiao NCAR / ACD TUV: Ultravioleta
Troposfrica e Radiao Visvel ...
Vamos para:
CAPTULO 2
INTRODUO
Eritema
Insolao
Pigmentao
Fotoimunossupresso
Photoaging
Fotocarcinognese
nmero de mastocitos. 70
Fotodermatoses
Fotodermatoses idiopticas:
Prurigo actnico
Urticria solar
Hydroa vacciniforme
Genophotodermatoses:
Xeroderma pigmentoso
Tricotiodistrofia
Porfiria cutnea
Sndrome de Kindler-Weary
Sndrome de Bloom
Sndrome de Rothmund-Thomson
Sndrome de Cockayne
Melasma
Vitiligo
Lpus eritematoso
Dermatomiosite
Eczema
Dermatite seborrica
Psorase
Acne vulgaris
Roscea
Lquen plano
Penfigide bolhoso
Doena de Grover
Pelagra
Sndrome Carcinoide
Darier's disease
Polymorphus erythema
Hartnup syndrome
Herpes simplex
Viral exanthema
Verruca plana
Skin carcinomas
Go to:
Go to:
PHOTOPROTECTION
GENERAL CONCEPT
Go to:
CHAPTER 3
PHOTOEDUCATION
INTRODUCTION
The content should focus the fact that there are benefits
and drawbacks, and that the intensity of damage depends
on the resistance of the skin and of individual habits. 94 In
addition, schools are important intervention locations, as
the students spend a lot of time in outdoor
activities.92,95 The experience of other countries shows
interesting alternatives, like the USA where the CDC
(Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) prepared a
routine of norms to guide schools in the implementation of
programs for skin cancer prevention.96
The World Health Organization (WHO) has also divulged
guidelines for an initiative entitled "Solar Protection and
Schools: How to make a difference". In this sense there are
not only guidelines regarding the importance of this type of
strategy but also a practical manual about implementing
these practices in the schools.97
5. Media Actions:
a. Offer training programs to specialized media
about the effects of solar radiation and
prevention mechanisms.
Go to:
CHAPTER 4
SUNSCREENS
INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER 4 A -
CHART 2
List of actives and maximum concentrations allowed in
Brazil
GRFICO 3
Principais caractersticas do filtro solar tpico de acordo
com os veculos usados
OUTROS ACTIVOS EM FORMULAS
Antioxidantes
CONCLUSIONS
CHAPTER 4B
CHART 4
Toxicological studies required for safety evaluation of a
cosmetic ingredient
When use was topical, the only filter that caused changes in
uterine weight was 4-MBC.
Nanotechnology in sunscreens
CHART 5
Brazilian photoprotection legislation
Go to:
CHAPTER 5
ORAL PHOTOPROTECTION
CHART 6
Main actives with systemic photoprotective action
VITAMINS
Tocopherols (vitamin E)
CAROTENOIDS
Beta-carotene
Astaxanthin
Lycopene
Lycopene is a bright red carotenoid pigment found in
tomatoes and other red fruits besides vegetables and red
carrots, watermelons and papayas, but not in strawberries
and cherries. In spite of lycopene being a carotene
chemically, it does not have vitamin A activity. Beta-
carotene and lycopene are the main carotenoids present in
the blood and tissues, capable of modulating cutaneous
properties when ingested as a food supplement or diet
products. Even though it cannot be compared to solar
filters, there is evidence that it can protect the skin against
solar erythemas, enhancing cutaneous defense against UVR
damage.218
Lutein
POLYPHENOLS
PROBIOTICS
COMBINAO DE ANTIOXIDANTES
LEUCOTOMOS DE POLIPDIO
Its plasma peak is 2 hours and its half-life 6 hours, with its
greatest effect happening between 2 to 4 hours after
ingestion. Its dose varies from 1 to 5 tablets (250 mg),
depending on skin involvement and degree of solar
exposure.
Go to:
CHAPTER 6
Dark colors, such as black, dark blue, dark red and dark
green, have high concentration of dyes and absorb more
UVR than light tones, like white, beige and pastel colors,
even with the same fabric weave and composition. Some
fabrics, like cotton and linen, when washed for the first time
may shrink and close the spaces between their threads,
which would increase protection. However, clothes that are
washed and worn too often are prone to protect less, for the
weave becomes loose and open.
CHART 7
Factors that interfere with the protection offered by fabrics
Table 1
Relationship between UPF and UVR blockage
After the Australian norm, which established standards of
UPF above 15, other countries created their regulations
based on the typical radiation incidence of each region, like
the United Kingdom (UPF 15), United States (UPF 30) and
Europe, which estipulated as a safe standard a UPF of 40+.
These standards must be on labels attached to clothes
accompanied by the norm number (EN 13758), as countries
claim that, at this level, factors that are not tested, like
humidity and stretching, would be compensated and
provide safety in extreme situations in all geographic
areas.267
Go to:
CHAPTER 7
PRACTICAL ASPECTS OF PHOTOPROTECTION
ORIENTATION
Selecting Sunscreens
LABELING ATTRIBUTES
Solar Protection Factor
A = (1 - 1/SPF)x100
T = (1/SPF)x100
FIGURE 4
Relationship between sun protection factor (SPF) and
ultraviolet (UV) effect: UV radiation percentage absorbed by
the photoprotector (absorbance) and UV radiation
percentage transmitted by the photoprotector that reaches
the skin (transmittance), in relation ...
Proteo UVA
Resistncia gua
Photostability
Montante a aplicar
FIGURE 5
Teaspoon rule: ideal amount for photoprotector application
Initial application
Reapplication
CHAPTER 7B
Pregnancy
CHART 8
Recommendation of the American Academy of Pediatrics for
photoprotection of breastfed babies and children
CHART 9
Recommendation of the American Academy of Dermatology
for photoprotection of breastfed babies and children
Sport activities
Melasma
Sensitive skin
Dermatite de contato
Roscea
There are few studies in the literature on acne, oily skin and
sun protection.
Protectors in the form of gel, cream gel or fluid are ideal for
patients with oily and acneic skin. It is important for
patients with acne to avoid inorganic filters, due to their
dense and oily consistency. 135 New technologies are being
used to enhance product cosmetic characteristics and make
them less oily, which may improve adherence to protector
wearing by this group of individuals. Among these
technologies, the use of silica and its derivatives has been
very well accepted by users since it reduces the "oily touch"
of the product, decreasing residual shine while adsorbing
exceeding oiliness.
Vitiligo
Specific areas
Scalp and hair
Hair offers natural protection to the scalp, particularly hair
in darker tones. Bald patients or those with light and
thinning hair need to wear sunscreen on the areas of the
scalp without hair, due to the high exposure of the region,
even though it was not exposed in childhood and
adolescence.367
Ears
Periorbital region
Lbios
Vamos para:
CAPTULO 8
SOL E VITAMINA D
INTRODUO
Metabolismo
Altitude
Pigmentao da pele
Era
Por outro lado, Sollitto et al. Mostrou que oito pacientes com
XP, que praticavam rigorosas medidas de proteo solar,
eram capazes de manter baixos nveis de 25 (OH) D
(concentrao srica mdia de 17,8 ng / ml), sem
necessidade de suplementao. 445
Roupas
Protetor solar
CONCLUSO
CONSIDERAES FINAIS
Vitamina D benefcios
i. Os obesos mrbidos.
5. As doses dirias recomendadas de vitamina D para
preveno de deficincia em indivduos em risco
so:
Vamos para:
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