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EXECUTIVESUMMARY
Project Proponent
July 2014
Table of Contents
1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................. 3
1.1 Preamble and Project Proponent ........................................................ 3
1.2 Proposed Project........................................................................................................... 3
1.3 Need for the EIA Study.................................................................................................. 4
1.4 EIA Study ...................................................................................................................... 4
1.5 Environmental Setting of the SPB Mill site .................................................................... 4
8 PROJECT BENEFITS............................................................................................................. 23
9 CONCLUSIONS...................................................................................................................... 23
1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Preamble and Project Proponent
Seshasayee Paper and Board Limited Erode (SPB), In order to strengthen its
market share in paper industry, acquired a sick and closed mill in 2011,
established by Subburaj Papers Private Limited at North Ariyanayakipuram
village, Ambasamudram Taluka, Tirunelveli District in Tamil Nadu. The mill
was then merged with Seshasayee Paper and Boards Ltd. and has been
renamed as Seshasayee Paper and Boards Ltd., Unit -Tirunelveli.
(hereinafter referred as "SPB-T")
SPB started the operations of SPB-T in the name and style of SPB Papers
Limited, after completing some of the unfinished equipments and conversion
equipments.
In view of the present imbalances in the paper machine section and limited
steam and power generation facilities in the CCP, the existing de-inking plant
could not be operated and paper production capacity is restricted to
72,000 tpa.
Apart from ISO 9001, 14001 and OHSAS 18001 certification. SPB-E has also
obtained International Certification by Forest Stewardship Council (FSC), for a
period of 5 years from 2010 to 2015, for the following 3 standards:
The above proposed project will be the Mill Expansion Plan (hereinafter
referred as MEP)
The EIA study was undertaken in conformity with the guidelines of Ministry of
Environment and Forests (MoEF), covering all the aspects of the specific
conditions mentioned in the terms of reference issued by SEIAA.
All MEP proposals will be installed within the existing mill premises. Nine (9)
acres of land is identified within the existing mill.
The study area constitutes the 10Km radius of the existing SPB-T Mill at
Ariyanayakipuram village. Figure 1 presents the existing SPB-T Mill site and
the study area. The SPB-T mill area will be located within the coordinates of
84633.33N latitude and 773328.31E longitude and can be identified as
per as per Topo sheet No.58 H/5 to 58 H/10. Details of environmental setting
around the mill site and the study area are given in Table 1.
Table 1
Environmental Setting of the Mill Site and the Study Area
S. No. Particulars Details
1 Location:
Village North Ariyanayakipuram
Taluk (Mandal) Ambasamudram
District Tirunelveli
State Tamil Nadu
2 Latitude 80 4633.33 N
3 Longitude 7703328.31 E
4 Elevation above mean sea level (MSL) 262 - 285 m
5 Climatic conditions as per IMD Annual Mean Max. Temp 39.0oC
(Mettur Dam is the nearest Annual Mean Min. Temp 18.1oC
meteorological station) Annual total rainfall 596.1 mm
Predominant wind direction Annually
N is 1st predominant followed by W during
day time
S is also the 1st predominant followed by E
during night time
6 Present land use at the proposed site Industrial Land use
7 Nearest Highway/Road State Highway - 39 (3.65 km, North)
State Highway - 41A (4.54 km, SSW)
8 Defence Installations None
9 Nearest railway station Tirunelveli (16.5 km)
10 Nearest airport/air strip Tuticorin (70 km)
11 Nearest village Mukkudal Village (4.8 km SW)
12 Nearest town Tirunelveli (16.5 km)
13 Nearest river River Thamirabharani (6.4 km SSW)
14 Hills/valleys Nalankunuchi Mountain (5.1 km NNW)
Yezhundhu Nindramali (11.87 km SSW)
15 Archaeologically important places None
16 Nearest place of Tourist/Religious None
importance
17 Ecologically sensitive areas (National None
Parks/Wildlife sanctuaries/bio-sphere
reserves)
18 Reserved/Protected forests within 10 None
km radius
19 List of Industries Sarvalakshmi Paper mill-4.95Km, SE
Subam Paper Mill- 5.8Km, SE
Sapthagiri Paper Mill-6.3 Km, WSW
Small Power Plant- 7.6Km,SE
20 Topography of the plant site Plateau
21 Nature of soil Stony and of the gravel type.
22 Major Crops in the study area Rice, Pulses, Sugarcane, Ground nut and
Cotton crop
Presently SPB-T unit produces about 72,000 tpa of paper. The mill is regularly
submitting the Environmental compliance report to the Tamil Nadu State
Pollution Control Board and SPB -T has complied with all conditions of the
Consent order No. 17860 dated, 20/05/2009 under Air (Prevention and
Control of Pollution) Act, 1981 as amended and Consent Order No. 21821
dated, 20/05/2009 under Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act,
1974 as amended for paper plant.
Consent order No. 18598 dated, 20/05/2009 under Air (Prevention and
Control of Pollution) Act, 1981 as amended and Consent order No. 22563
dated 22/05/2012 under Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974
as amended for Co. Gen Plant. Extension of validity of Consent has also been
obtained under Air and Water Acts and the validity of the consents is up to
31st March 2015.
The proposed Mill Expansion Plan is to enhance the paper production from
72,000 tpa to 110,000 tpa without installation of any new paper machine. In
addition to this, it is proposed to increase Captive Co-generation Plant (CCP)
from 6.6 MW to 18 MW by installing another 18 MW captive co-generation
power plant within the mill site. Keeping the existing CCP as standby.
The exiting mill has total of 300 acres of land, with vacant spaces and well
covered with greenery. Only about 9 acres of land is required for the proposed
MEP. The vacant spaces available in the mill premises have been identified
and found to be suitable and adequate to accommodate all the new facilities
planned under project. Land break-up for proposed expansion is given in the
Table 3. The figure showing the proposed facilities is given in Figure 2
Major inputs requirement during the operation after MEP will be as below
The fresh water requirement after MEP will be 3,850 m3/day, and will be drawn
from Thamirabharani River, at a distance of about 6.5 km from the mill. The
mill has permission to draw 6,000 m/day of water from the river. The water
requirement for the MEP is given in the following Table 6
Table 6
Water Requirement
Average daily water
Category requirement (m/day)
Existing Post MEP
Paper machine 1,700 2,400
DIP -- 500
Power plant 550 850
Domestic and others 50 100
Fresh water required 2,300 3,850
Internal recycled from paper machine for DIP -- 3,600
ETP Treated waste water recycled for paper 1,000 2,000
machine
Total water required 3,300 9,450
The wastewater generated from the mill after MEP is presented here under
1 Total wastewater quantity : 4700 m/ day
2 Loss of water in sludge : 150 m/day
3 Total recycled treated waste water for process : 2000 m/day
4 Treated effluent for green cover and irrigation : 2550 m/day
Total investment for the installation of project is Rs.180 Crores as per broad
break up is given in the following Table 8
The maximum and minimum temperatures recorded during the study period
are 22 and 37oC respectively. The relative humidity found varying from 69.8%
to 97%. The predominant winds are mostly from North East Direction. No
rainfall was recorded during study period. The sky was observed to cloud free
and clear during most part of the study period.
Site specific SODAR studies indicated that the hourly averaged mixing height
pertaining to unstable Atmospheric Boundary layer during the day time (1000-
1700 hours) is seen to vary from a minimum of 631m to a maximum of 1792m.
The average level is seen to be 1320308m during the study period. The
maximum day time mixing height, around noon (1200-1400 hours) is seen to
be more than 1 Km on several days which is fairly good for summer. The
elevated inversion is also seen on few days during this period. Site specific
meteorological data was adopted in predicting the ground level concentrations
of pollutants due to emissions from co-generation power plant stack.
Air quality monitoring at eight locations were undertaken during the study
period as per the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) guidelines. The
summary of the background concentrations of particulate matter (PM10),
particulate matter (PM2.5), sulphur dioxide (SO2) and Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) are
presented in Table 9. The results of the monitored data indicate that the
average PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations in the entire study area were found to
be within the NAAQs.
To assess the water quality of the study area, water samples were collected
from the Thamirabharani River at 2 locations i.e. at Upstream and downstream
from the intake point.
Day time and night time noise levels at residential areas in the study area was
found to be varying from 45.9 to 54.dB (A) and 36.3 dB(A) to 43.1 dB(A)
respectively. Noise level at industrial area i.e. SPB plant it was found to be 45.2
to 58.3 dB (A) which is within the CPCB limits for industrial areas.
The soils in the study area are mostly sandy clay type. The pH of the soil
extracts varied from 6.09 to 8.17. Based on soil pH the soils can be classified
into slightly alkaline type.
The concentration of chlorides and sulphates varied from 151 mg/kg to 414
mg/kg and 77 mg/kg to 325 mg/kg respectively. Available Nitrogen level in the
soil was found ranged from 85 mg/kg to 243 mg/kg. Based on above results, it
is evident that the soils are not contaminated by any pollution sources since
the levels of chemical parameters are normal.
The forest type in the study region is mainly composed of Tropical dry
evergreen forest which is classified as Type Group 7 and sub group C1
(Champion and Seth, 1968). Tropical dry evergreen forests are distributed at
lower elevations along the Coromandel Coast and inland.
The study area covers different habitats varying from dry land, lakes,
agriculture lands and river. Majority of the area surrounding project site is dry
land while north side of study area is dominated by agriculture fields.
Southern part of study area is characterized by Tamirabharani River flowing in
west to east direction. Entire study area is dotted with numerous lakes and
reservoirs.
The proposed project site was originally a dry land and devoid of dense
vegetation. However, SPB-T have developed thick green cover over 15 acres
inside existing paper mill area. Green Cover is also developed on 90 acres
opposite to plant site and 15 acres near water pumping station at
Tamirabarani River. Besides the existing green cover of 60,000 trees, SPB-T
have planted nearly 1,75,000 saplings of Eucalyptus, Acacia mangium,
Leucaena leucocephala, Casuarina equisetifolia, Melia dubia and other
species. 1400 m3/day of treated effluent is utilized for irrigation of green cover.
Overall 36 tree and shrub species were identified during present survey.
Annual herbs and climber could not be studied as most of the herbaceous
flora had dried up due to summer season. Overall, 66 species of birds were
observed in the entire study area during this survey period. Majority of species
were recorded from lakes and river. No critically endangered, vulnerable or
rare species, as specified in IUCN Red list, were observed in study area.
Since the proposed project is an expansion project within the existing plant
area and the project doesnt require any additional land. Hence rehabilitation
and resettlement of people is not envisaged. Although the proposed project
does not displace any human settlement, for the purpose of the establishing
the background socioeconomic conditions of the study area, the human
settlements falling within the buffer zone of 10 km radius from the project site
was considered for mapping socioeconomic aspects. Survey was undertaken
in April 2014.
The total households in the study area are 32,669 with a total population of
1,20,472. In which 46.2% of the population is falling under Group A. The sex
ratio in the study area was 1045 females for 1000 Males. The child population
was about 13,225, of which 6,756 were males and 6,499 were females. The
child sex ratio was 955 which is very less when compared with the general
population sex ratio. The ratio of urban and rural population in the study area
is 29:71 respectively. The nearest city is Tirunelveli City which is situated at an
aerial distance of 17 Km. The SC population in study area seems to be 19.7%
of the total population. The ST population is very less when compared with SC
population. The percentage of ST population is 0.19%. The mean age at
marriage for boys was about 26.7 and for girls it was 21.3.
The environmental impacts during the construction stage will be short term,
temporary in nature and will be confined very close to project sites. The
manpower required for these activities should preferably be employed from
nearby villages.
The major pollutants envisaged from post MEP will be Particulate Matter (PM)
and sulphur dioxide (SO2) and Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx). The main source of
pollution is due to emissions from proposed CCP with high pressure boiler. A
high efficiency ESP will be installed to reduce the particulate matter and an
adequately sized stack will be provided as per the CPCB guidelines to achieve
better dispersion of pollutants into the atmosphere.
In order to assess the likely possible impacts on the background air quality, air
quality modelling exercise was undertaken as per the CPCB guidelines. Site
specific meteorological data collected at the site was adopted while predicting
the 2nd highest 24 hours average ground level concentrations of Particulate
Matter, sulphur dioxide and oxides of nitrogen. ISCST3 air quality modelling
tool, an MOEF approved software, was used for predicting the ground level
concentrations in the study area. The site specific meteorological information
indicated that, predominantly winds were found to blow from North East hence
the impact zone in the down wind direction will located in the South West
direction.
The predicted 24 hours GLC of Oxides of Nitrogen near the villages and
settlements located in the impact zone will be less than the norms prescribed
by the NAAQ standards. Further, the concentrations were found to get diluted
rapidly and the GLC will reach less than 4g/m3 within a distance of 4.4Km
from the project site. The predicted cumulative post project scenario of 24
hours average concentration was estimated to be in the range of 13.4 to 20.1
g/m3 which are within the prescribed NAAQ standards.
SPB has adequately designed and installed water sprinkling systems at the
existing coal yard to control the dust emissions. The conveyor belt for coal
transfer is covered from top. Possible controlled fugitive emissions due to
natural wind conditions at the coal yard were estimated using USEPA (U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency) emission factor document guidelines.
ISCST3 model with particle deposition and non-buoyant and non-plume option
was considered for modelling the dispersion of the controlled fugitive dust
emissions from coal stock yard. Site specific hourly meteorological data was
used for predicting the GLCs. The 24-hours average GLCs at the facility at
nearby villages will be below 1.11 g/m3 due to the implementation of dust
control measures.
Major noise generating equipment will be housed inside the room to attenuate
noise emissions. Predicted sound pressure levels in around the proposed
project site due to operation of the facility was modelled as per ISO 9613
standards and the modelled sound pressure levels at the facility boundary
were found to be below the stipulated threshold noise level of 75 dB(A) for
industrial areas. Noise levels outside the facility boundary will be further
attenuated due to the proposed green cover all along the plant boundary.
The mill has permission to draw 6,000 m/day of water from the
Thamirabharani River. The fresh water requirement after MEP will be 3,850
m3/day and the expansion activities are well below the river water drawl
permit.
The solid waste generation from the MEP is ash from AFBC boilers, Deinking
plant sludge, plastic waste, metal waste and sludge from the wastewater
treatment plant.
The total boiler ash generated from the existing units is about 11 tpd. The
boiler ash generated is handled through pneumatic conveying system and
stored in silos with three (3) days storage capacity at the site and it is being
given to cement manufacturers and also used for making hollow blocks/
compressed bricks. As the same practice are proposed for the post MEP
scenario, no adverse impacts are associated with ash generation.
There are no ecologically sensitive locations within the impact zone of the
existing mill. Due to implementation of green cover in the existing mill, the
overall bio-diversity at the mill site has improved several folds.
The mammalian faunal density in this region is as such very low and no further
impact is expected on mammalian fauna. During operational phase noise
levels will be maintained below 70 dBA at plant boundary, which will be further
reduced due to presence of existing green cover canopy in the mill. No
ecologically sensitive site is identified in study area, hence no direct or indirect
adverse impacts are expected on ecology due to proposed development.
Due to utilisation of imported coal with high calorific value and sulphur content
less than 0.7%, the specific SO2 emission rate from the proposed facility will
be two to three times lower than that of the conventional co-generation power
plants that are operated on high ash content Indian coal.
Sufficient stack height will be provided as per the stack height norms
stipulated by CPCB for wider dispersal of pollutants. A continuous online stack
emission monitoring unit will be installed to monitor Particulate Matter, SO2
and NOx emissions. Provision of water sprinkling system at raw material
storage yard and there will be the provision of dust extraction systems at dust
generating source.
The water consumption after MEP will be around 3,850 m3/day and the treated
wastewater generation will be in the order of 4700 m3/day. Wastewater
generated from the plant will be treated in the existing effluent treatment plant.
The existing ETP is adequate to handle the additional load. The existing ETP
consists of equalization tank, clarifier, sludge screw press, extended aeration
based biological treatment units followed by secondary clarifier and sludge
drying beds. The wastewater characteristics will be similar to that of the
existing facility. It is proposed to install additional treatment units such as
Clariflocculator (polishing unit) and sludge dewatering for enhanced
coagulation to remove any residual colloidal matter present in the wastewater,
if any.
Similar to the existing operations, treated wastewater from the WWTP will be
used for irrigation, plantation, gardening, floor washing, and dust suppression
after expansion program. Post MEP, about 2550 m3/day of Treated effluent
will be used for plantation and irrigation purpose. At present, the wastewater
quality meets the Discharge standard of Trade Wastewaters into Inland
surface Waters.
Based on the regional soil conditions, the maximum water requirement for
Green cover/ plantation is estimated as 35m3/ha/day. About 1,000 m/day of
treated wastewater is reused in the main plant for process applications and
the balance 1,500 m/day of treated wastewater is discharged to the existing
green-cover area (plantation and horticulture activities), based on this most
liberal estimates, about 106 Acres (43 ha) of land is required to utilize the
existing treated wastewater quantity of 1500m3/day from the mill.
Total land required for Green cover development after expansion program has
been estimated as 179 Acres (73 ha) to utilize the treated wastewater quantity
of 2550m3/day after expansion operations. SPB-T has utilizing treated
wastewater in an area of 185 Acres and for the proposed MEP about 6 acres
of land will be additionally utilized for the plantation. The existing facility was
permitted by TNPCB to use about 4,890 m/day of treated wastewater for
green cover and horticulture applications.
No major solid wastes are generated in the process. All the solid wastes
generated in the mill are from the auxiliary plants. They include ash from the
boilers, De-inking plant sludge, plastic waste, metal waste and sludge from the
wastewater treatment plant. Based on the utilization of 100% imported coal,
the total ash generation from the facility after Mill Expansion Plan has been
estimated as 22 T/day. The primary clarifier sludge quantity of 60 T/day will be
subjected to de-watering in the existing screw press and will be disposed to
board manufacturing facilities / fired in boiler.
Except used oils from the mechanical and rotating equipment, no other
hazardous wastes will be generated from the facility. Similar to the existing
practices, used oil will be reused internally as lubricant in chains and
conveyors and the excess if any will be given to the TNPCB authorised
recyclers.
Extensive plantation has been done under green cover development for the
existing mill. Green cover has been developed and well maintained along the
internal roads and mill area.
SPB have developed thick green cover over 15 acres inside existing paper mill
area. Green cover is also developed on 90 acres opposite to plant site and 15
acres near water pumping station at Thamirabharani River. The mill has made
elaborate arrangement in developing green cover inside the mill. Nearly 20
acres of additional thick green cover have been proposed for the expansion.
Local species with the help of experts and forest department will be planted
and maintained. A separate horticulture division will be formed to develop
nursery and monitor plantation activity in study area. Activities such as
distribution of saplings to farmers, arranging awareness drives about agro-
forestry, monitoring of lakes ecology shall be undertaken on regular basis
Right from the first year, Tirunelveli unit of Seshasayee paper has been
donating one Metric tonne of writing and printing paper to Amar Seva
Sangam at Tenkasi, Tamil Nadu, an organization set up to look after
differently abled children. The NGO uses this paper for manufacturing
notebooks for internal consumption.
Every year, the mill donates free note book to nearby Government and
Government aided schools.
The mill conducts free of cost skill enhancement training program for
college students in the field of HR, Engineering and environment science
etc. Students from the neighbouring areas have been benefited by this.
Photographs of the CSR activities carried out by SPB T Based on the need
based assessment, community development plan has been developed and
budget for CSR programs is presented in the following table.
Risk assessment study of the proposed operations at the project has identified
no hazardous events, which would project damaging energies outside of the
plant boundary. Events identified for offsite facilities are estimated to occur at
extremely low incident frequencies and/or not to significant levels of
consequence. Management of hazardous event scenarios and risks in general
can be adequately managed to acceptable levels. An effective Disaster
Management Plan (DMP) to mitigate the risks involved will be implemented
during to the operational phase of the project.
8 PROJECT BENEFITS
The proposed project will bring the following benefits to the region, state and
nation based on the following merits:
The project will generate direct employment of 100 persons and indirect
employment to about 250 persons in the industries and service
organizations and material handling, etc., which will be supported by the
operations of the mill.
At present, the mill draws about 2-2.5 MW/day from the grid. By
upgrading CCP, the mill will be able to meet the entire requirement of
power and thus reduce the burden on the State Government grid.
SPB will spend at least two (2) percent of the annual profit after tax (PAT)
on CSR activities by including in its budget for CSR activities
9 CONCLUSIONS
This project will have significant beneficial effects in terms of growth and
development of the regional economy in the neighbourhood.
The project will also pave way for additional growth of ancillary industries
in the region, which will not only increase the employment potential but
also further strengthen the economic base of the region.
Thus, it can be concluded that with the judicious and proper implementation of
the pollution control and mitigation measures, the proposed project can
proceed without any significant negative impact on the environment.
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