Ash Rae 140 Apaches Im

1
Tests performed on ApacheSim

in accordance with
ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 140-2001
ApacheSim Version 5.2

October 2004
Prepared by
Martin Gough and Colin Rees
IES Ltd
Lord Hope Building
141 St James Road
Glasgow G4 0LT
UK
Tel: +44 (0)141 552 8368
2
Table of contents
1 Introduction................................................................................................................ 3
2 Description of tests ................................................................................................... 3
3 ApacheSim Models.................................................................................................... 7
4 ApacheSim Results ................................................................................................... 7
5 Observations on ApacheSim Results ...................................................................... 7
Heating load.................................................................................................................... 7
Cooling load .................................................................................................................... 8
Annual free-floating temperature output.......................................................................... 8
Basic sensitivity tests cases 600-960........................................................................... 8
Low-mass in-depth sensitivity tests cases 195-320 ..................................................... 9
Low-mass in-depth sensitivity tests cases 395-440 ................................................... 10
High mass in-depth sensitivity tests cases 800-950................................................... 10
Solar radiation tests ...................................................................................................... 11
6 Conclusions ............................................................................................................. 11
References ...................................................................................................................... 11
Appendix A. Apache simulation settings ..................................................................... 12
Figures............................................................................................................................. 15
3
1 Introduction
ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 140-2001, Standard Method of Test for the Evaluation of
Building Energy Analysis Computer Programs[1], defines a series of tests for building
energy simulation programs.
This standard method of test (SMOT) which has its origin in the IEA 12B/21C BESTEST
diagnostic tests[2], requires the simulation of a number of variants of a test building. The
test cases increase in complexity from a simple building shell without glazing, infiltration or
internal gains to comparatively realistic building types.
The aim of the tests is to identify and diagnose differences in predictions that may be
caused by software errors. The ways in which they can be used are listed in Standard
140-2001:
(a) comparing the predictions from other building energy programs to the example
results provided in the informational Annex B8 and/or to other results that were
generated using this SMOT,
(b) checking a program against a previous version of itself after internal code
modifications to ensure that only the intended changes actually resulted,
(c) checking a program against itself after a single algorithmic change to understand
the sensitivity between algorithms,
(d) diagnosing the algorithmic sources of prediction differences; diagnostic logic flow
diagrams are included in the informational Annex B9.
While the text of the Standard emphasises that all building models are simplifications of
reality, and full validation cannot be achieved by a single series of tests, the ASHRAE 140
tests provide a valuable benchmark by which the predictions of a simulation program may
be compared with those of its peers, as means to establishing a degree of confidence in
the correctness of its algorithms and their implementation.
This report presents the results of these tests applied to the simulation program
ApacheSim[3], as required by ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2001, Addendum p[4].
A brief outline of the tests is provided. This is followed by a description of the modelling
assumptions and settings used to run the tests in the ApacheSim program. The
ApacheSim results are then presented and discussed.
2 Description of tests
A full description of the tests, including input data, output reporting conventions and
terminology, is provided in the ASHRAE Standard. Here it will suffice to enumerate and
briefly describe the cases.
Figure 1 shows a sketch of the building which forms the subject of Case 600. This is
referred to in the Standard as the Base Case, of which all other cases are variants.
4
The building is a cuboid with one of its longer sides facing south. In Case 600 it has two
south-facing windows each of area 6m2.
Figure 1 Case 600 geometry
Two groups of cases are identified: basic tests (cases 600-650 and 900-960) and in-
depth tests (the remainder).
Each case consists of simulating a variant of the test building over a year using a Denver,
Colorado weather dataset. The cases explore different combinations of the following
parameters and settings:
Glazing: none, high conductance opaque panel or double glazed window
Glazing orientation: south or east/west
Glazing shading devices: none, overhang (south), overhang + side-fins (E/W)
Fabric: low-mass or high-mass construction
Infra-red emissivity of internal ( i) and external ( e) surfaces: 0.1 or 0.9
Solar-spectrum absorptance of internal ( i) and external ( i) surfaces: 0.1, 0.6, 0.9
Internal gains: 0 or 200W
Infiltration: 0.0, 0.5 or 1.0 ach
Heating and cooling: different setpoint combinations or no heating/cooling
Venting: an option using night ventilation and free cooling
Sunspace: Case 960 examines the effect of an attached sunspace
The following simulation variables are specified for output:

Heating load
Cooling load
Air temperature
Incident solar gain on the various surfaces
Direct transmitted solar gain
5
In all the tests the issue of heat transfer with the ground is largely eliminated by the
inclusion of a thick layer of insulation in the floor construction.
Table 1 provides a summary of the test cases. The basic cases are indicated by
underlining. Bold text indicates salient differences from previously listed cases. The table
is divided into sections covering different heating and cooling control regimes. For
example, Setpoints 20, 27 means heating to 20C and cooling to 27C. Setback means
heating to 10C overnight (2300-0700) and to 20C at other times, with cooling to 27C.
Venting means continuous night ventilation between 1800 and 0700, cooling to 27C
during the rest of the day, and no heating.
Cases including the letters FF test free-floating conditions with no heating or cooling.
Case 960 is a version of Case 600 with an attached sunspace. The outputs tested are
heating and cooling loads in the room and the temperature in the sunspace.
6
Table 1. Test cases

(basic tests underlined, differences from other cases marked in bold)
Case Glazing Emiss- Absorp- Internal Infiltration

Low-mass High-mass Type ivity tance Gains (ach)
i e i e (W)
Setpoints 20, 20
195 None 0.1 0.1 N/A 0.1 0 0
200 Opaque 0.1 0.1 N/A 0.1 0 0
210 Opaque 0.1 0.9 N/A 0.1 0 0
215 Opaque 0.9 0.1 N/A 0.1 0 0
220 Opaque 0.9 0.9 N/A 0.1 0 0
230 Opaque 0.9 0.9 N/A 0.1 0 1.0
240 Opaque 0.9 0.9 N/A 0.1 200 0
250 Opaque 0.9 0.9 N/A 0.9 0 0
270 South 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.1 0 0
280 South 0.9 0.9 0.1 0.1 0 0
290 S + shade 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.1 0 0
300 East/West 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.1 0 0
310 E/W + shade 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.1 0 0
Setpoints 20, 27
320 South 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.1 0 0
395 None 0.9 0.9 N/A 0.1 0 0
400 Opaque 0.9 0.9 N/A 0.1 0 0
410 Opaque 0.9 0.9 N/A 0.1 0 0.5
420 Opaque 0.9 0.9 N/A 0.1 200 0.5
430 800 Opaque 0.9 0.9 N/A 0.6 200 0.5
440 810 South 0.9 0.9 0.1 0.6 200 0.5
600, 600FF 900, 900FF South 0.9 0.9 0.6 0.6 200 0.5
610 910 S + shade 0.9 0.9 0.6 0.6 200 0.5
620 920 East/West 0.9 0.9 0.6 0.6 200 0.5
630 930 E/W + shade 0.9 0.9 0.6 0.6 200 0.5
Setback
640 940 South 0.9 0.9 0.6 0.6 200 0.5
Venting
650, 650FF 950, 950FF South 0.9 0.9 0.6 0.6 200 0.5
Sunspace
960 South 0.9 0.9 0.6 0.6 200 0.5
7
3 ApacheSim Models
Modelling options used in ApacheSim are set out in Appendix A, using the format
specified in the Standard.
4 ApacheSim Results
The ApacheSim results are presented graphically in Figures 1-326, alongside the results
for other programs reported in ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 140-2001[1]. Results provided for
other programs in the earlier BESTEST report[2] but omitted from the ANSI/ASHRAE
Standard are indicated with a striped fill pattern. Results from the program EnergyPlus
version 1.1.0.020[6] are also included.
The results are presented in tabular form in the file ASHRAE 140 ApacheSim.xls, as
required by the Standard. This file contains certain additional data not included in this
report, including time series comparisons and binned temperature data for Case 900FF.
5 Observations on ApacheSim Results

One way to assess ApacheSims performance with respect to the other 9 programs for
which results are available is to see whether its predictions lie within the spread of results
obtained from those programs. The results are now examined on this basis.
Heating load
Refer to Figures 1-70.

In all but 3 of the 35 cases, the annual heating loads calculated by ApacheSim lie within
the range of values calculated by the other 9 programs.
There is a tendency for ApacheSims heating loads to lie towards the upper end of the
distribution of predicted values, and in three instances (cases 210, 910 and 920)
ApacheSims annual heating load exceeds that of the other programs. Three possible
reasons for this can be identified.
ApacheSim models the participation of the room air in radiant exchanges, an effect which
we shall refer to as air emissivity. This is a small but significant effect which is ignored by
the other programs for which results are presented in the Standard. One of the
consequences of this mechanism is an increase in the thermal coupling between the room
air and the internal surfaces of the room, and this tends to increase heating load.
A second possible reason for higher than average heating loads is the algorithm used by
ApacheSim for the calculation of long-wave radiation from the sky. ApacheSim uses the
8
CIBSE Guide A[5] algorithm for this process, which gives somewhat cooler sky
temperatures than some other methods.
Finally, in case 920, where the windows have shading devices, ApacheSim heating loads
will have been increased by the inclusion of diffuse shading in ApacheSims solar
calculations. ApacheSim, unlike most of the programs involved in the study, performs a
calculation of the obscuration of both short-wave and long-wave sky radiation by shading
objects. The inclusion of diffuse shading will have reduced the solar gain, causing an
increase in heating load.
The comparison of peak heating loads shows that ApacheSims predictions fall
consistently within the range of values calculated by the other programs.
Cooling load

In all cases, ApacheSims predictions of both annual and peak cooling loads fall within the
range of values calculated by the other programs.
Annual free-floating temperature output

These tests look at the prediction of free-floating temperatures for a range of basic cases.
The ApacheSim predictions lie within the range of the other programs results, with the
exception of the average annual temperature for cases 900FF and 950FF, where
ApacheSim has (by margins of less than 0.2K) the lowest prediction.
Basic sensitivity tests cases 600-960

These tests examine, for the basic cases (both low-mass and high-mass), the sensitivity
of heating and cooling loads to:
glazing orientation and shading
control setpoint setback and venting
addition of a sunspace
The results show the change in heating or cooling load (both annual and peak) that occurs
in moving between two of the test cases.
ApacheSims results are in every case within the spread of values calculated by the other
programs.
The comparison between cases 630 and 620 is worthy of mention. Perhaps unexpectedly,
the ApacheSim results show a small reduction in peak heating load when the shading
devices are added. The reason is that the peak heating load occurs during the night, and
the shading devices partially shield the windows from the cold night sky. This mechanism
9
is taken into account by ApacheSims diffuse shading algorithm as applied to long-wave

sky radiation.
Low-mass in-depth sensitivity tests cases 195-320

These tests examine, for in-depth cases 195-310 (low-mass, setpoints 20, 20) and 320
(low-mass, setpoints 20, 27), the sensitivity of heating and cooling loads to:
addition of a high-conductance opaque panel
internal and external infra-red emissivity
internal and external solar absorptance
infiltration
internal gains
glazing (in two orientations)
shading
cooling setpoint
In all but 5 of the 56 comparisons, the ApacheSim results lie within the spread of predicted
values.
The comparison between cases 290 and 270 shows the same effect as that between
cases 630 and 620: the small reduction in peak heating load that occurs when the shading
device is added can be attributed to long-wave sky shading.
There is one other instance the comparison between cases 230 and 220 where
ApacheSim predicts the lowest increase in peak heating load. This comparison, which is a
test of the effect of air infiltration, also shows ApacheSim predicting the largest increase in
annual cooling. Both these results can be attributed to somewhat artificial circumstances
that arise in case 220 in relation to ApacheSims air emissivity modelling.
Case 220 has no infiltration. Consequently the moisture content of the air in the building
remains fixed at its initialisation value, which ApacheSim sets to the external air moisture
content. In case 230, one air change per hour of infiltration is introduced, which causes
the room moisture content for this case to follow the external air moisture content. Room
moisture content is one of the variables affecting the calculation of air emissivity in
ApacheSim: higher humidity is linked to higher air emissivity. At the time of the peak
heating loads (January 4) the external moisture content, and consequently the room
moisture content in case 230, is lower than the fixed value applying in case 220.
Consequently at this time case 230 has a lower air emissivity than case 220. This
translates to less thermal coupling between the air and the room surfaces, and a reduction
in the differential between the peak heating loads for cases 230 and 220.
During the summer when most cooling demand occurs, external moisture content, and
therefore room moisture content in case 230, tends to be high. This strengthens air-
surface coupling by the air emissivity effect, and this in turn increases conduction gain and
10
solar heat transfer to the air point. The result is a small increase in annual cooling load for
case 230, but not for case 220, which has a fixed, and low, room moisture content.
These effects would of course not occur in realistic modelling situations where there is
always some degree of infiltration.
ApacheSim predicts the highest figure for the increase in annual cooling load between
cases 250 and 220. Case 250s annual cooling load has already been discussed.
The only other extreme ApacheSim value is that for the difference in peak cooling load
between cases 220 and 270, where, in a closely grouped set of results, ApacheSim
predicts the lowest increase by a small margin.
Low-mass in-depth sensitivity tests cases 395-440

These tests examine, for in-depth cases 395-440 (low-mass, setpoints 20, 27), the
sensitivity of heating and cooling loads to:
addition of a high-conductance opaque panel
internal and external solar absorptance
infiltration
internal gains
glazing (south orientation)
shading
In only two of the 24 results in this group does the ApacheSim result lie outside the range
covered by the other programs: ApacheSim predicts the greatest reduction in peak
heating load and the greatest increase in peak cooling load between cases 410 and 400.
This comparison explores the effect of infiltration, and the reason for the ApacheSim
behaviour is the same as in the comparison between cases 230 and 220. It is down to an
artificial effect related to the modelling of humidity ratio under conditions of zero infiltration.
High mass in-depth sensitivity tests cases 800-950

These tests examine, for in-depth cases 800-950 (high-mass, setpoints 20, 27), the
sensitivity of heating and cooling loads to:
thermal mass (for various glazing options)
internal solar absorptance
glazing (south orientation)
In each of the 30 results from these tests, ApacheSims predictions lie within the spread of
values from the other programs.
11
Solar radiation tests

The ApacheSim results relating to incident and transmitted solar flux all lie within the
spread of values predicted by the other programs.
ApacheSims value for annual incident solar radiation on the horizontal is a fraction less
than the sum of the hourly horizontal irradiance values. This is explained by interpolation
of direct and diffuse flux values at sub-hourly time-steps.
ApacheSim predicts the greatest shading effect from the side-fins and overhangs attached
to the east and west windows in case 930 (as compared with case 920). This reflects
ApacheSims accounting for diffuse sky shading. A similar effect is seen in the case of
overhangs attached to the south window (cases 910 and 900), where ApacheSim ranks
second in its prediction of shading effect.
6 Conclusions
The tests set out in ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 140-2001 have been applied to the program
ApacheSim. The ApacheSim results are in good agreement with those from the reference
programs. Out of 326 tests. Apache predicted a value outside the range set by the other
programs in only 13. In each of these cases a satisfactory explanation has been found for
the difference. In most of these the difference can be accounted for in terms of modelling
refinements incorporated in ApacheSims algorithms. The tests did not reveal any bugs in
the software.
References
1. ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 140-2001, Standard Method of Test for the Evaluation of
Building Energy Analysis Computer Programs. ASHRAE Inc., 1791 Tullie Circle NE
Atlanta, GA 30329. www.ashrae.org
2. Judkoff, R., and J. Neymark. (1995). International Energy Agency Building Energy
Simulation Test (BESTEST) and Diagnostic Method. NREL/TP-472-6231. Golden, CO:
National Renewable Energy Laboratory.
3. ApacheSim Building Thermal Simulation Program. IES Ltd. 141 St James Road,
Glasgow G4 0LT. www.iesve.com
4. ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2001, Addendum p. ASHRAE Inc., 1791 Tullie Circle NE
Atlanta, GA 30329. www.ashrae.org
5. CIBSE Guide A Environmental Design. The Chartered Institution of Building Services
Engineers, London, 1999.
6. EnergyPlus Testing with ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 140-2001 (BESTEST). EnergyPlus
Version 1.1.0.020. May 2003. Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory,
Berkeley, California. Prepared by Robert H. Henniger and Michael J, Witte, GARD
Analytics, 1028 Busse Highway, Park Ridge, Illinois 60068, USA. www.gard.com
12
Appendix A. Apache simulation settings

STANDARD 140 OUTPUT FORM - MODELING NOTES
INSTRUCTIONS: See Annex A2.
SOFTWARE: ApacheSim
VERSION: 5.2
DOCUMENT BELOW THE MODELING METHODS USED IF ALTERNATIVE MODELING

METHODS OR ALGORITHMS ARE AVAILABLE IN THE SOFTWARE BEING TESTED.
(See Annex A2 for examples.)
Simulated Effect:
Solar radiation model.
Optional Settings or Modeling Capabilities:

Off, Anisotropic (default), Isotropic.
Setting or Capability Used:

Anisotropic.
Physical Meaning of Option Used:

Anisotropic short-wave sky model.
Simulated Effect:
Internal Heat Transfer

CIBSE fixed values (default), Alamdari & Hammond, CIBSE variable values

CIBSE fixed values

Internal convection coefficients are fixed at values given in CIBSE Guide A. Note: external
convective heat transfer is treated using a wind-speed dependent algorithm.
Simulated Effect:
Initial temperature

Any temperature (default 18C)
13

18C

Temperature at which building is initialised before simulation. Has minimal effect provided
there is sufficient preconditioning.
Simulated Effect:
Time step

1, 2, 6, 10 or 30 minutes

2 minutes

Simulation time step. A small time step was used for optimal accuracy.
Simulated Effect:
Reporting interval

6, 10, 30 or 60 minutes

60 minutes

Time interval over which simulation results are averaged for output. 60 minutes was
chosen in accordance with the reporting instructions.
Simulated Effect:
Preconditioning period

Between 0 and 365 days (default 10 days)

10 days

Number of days simulated in the run-up to the start of the specified simulation period. Has
minimal effect, provided the number of days is sufficiently large in relation to the response
time of the building.
14
Simulated Effect:
Direct solar shading and internal solar tracking calculated by the SunCast program

SunCast shading can be included or not, at the users option

SunCast direct solar shading and internal solar tracking was used for all cases with
glazing.

SunCast direct shading and internal solar tracking calculates the effect of shading of the
external surfaces of the building from the solar beam, and traces the solar beam through
glazing elements onto internal building surfaces. This is the method used to simulate the
direct shading effect of overhangs and side-fins. Solar tracking is an important feature of
Case 960 (sunspace).
Simulated Effect:
Diffuse shading calculated by the SunCast program

SunCast diffuse shading can be included or not, at the users option

SunCast diffuse solar shading was used for all cases with glazing.

SunCast diffuse shading calculates the effect of shading of the external surfaces of the
building from short-wave radiation emanating from the sky vault. This is the method used
to simulate the diffuse shading effect of overhangs and side-fins.
Simulated Effect:
Infiltration

Room air exchanges, MacroFlo natural ventilation simulation program

Room air exchanges

The infiltration rates were adjusted for the altitude of the site using the method described
in the Standard.
15
Figures
Figures 1-35
Annual Heating Load
16
Figure 1: Annual Heating - Case 195 Figure 2: Annual Heating - Case 200
10.000 10.000
9.000 9.000
8.000 8.000
6.882
7.000 ESP 7.000 6.683 6.636 ESP
6.559 6.555
6.395
BLAST BLA ST
5.871 DOE2 DOE2
6.000 6.000
5.324 SRES 5.252 SRES
4.968 4.973
MWH
H
4.895 4.871 4.921 4.892 SERIRES SERIRES
MW
5.000 5.000
S3PA S S3PA S
4.167 4.2218
TRNSY S TRNSYS
4.000 TA SE 4.000 TA SE
EnergyPlus EnergyPlus
3.000 APA CHE 3.000 A PACHE
2.000 2.000
1.000 1.000
0.000 0.000
8.000 10.000
7.169
6.967 9.000
7.000 6.794 6.735
6.559 6.554
6.456
7.943
8.000
7.281 7.319 7.375
6.000 7.215 7.130
ESP 7.000 ESP
BLA ST BLAST
5.000
DOE2 6.000 DOE2
5.547
SRES SRES
H
MWH
SERIRES SERIRES
MW
4.000 5.000
S3PAS S3PA S
TRNSYS TRNSY S
TA SE 4.000 TA SE
3.000
Energy Plus EnergyPlus
APACHE 3.000 APA CHE
2.000
2.000
1.000
1.000
0.000 0.000
10.000 14.000
9.000 8.787 12.243

12.000 11.633 11.649 11.625
8.102 8.127 8.085
11.037 10.964
8.000 10.740 10.840
7.422 7.437 10.376
7.215 7.297
6.944 10.000
7.000 ESP ESP
BLAST BLAST
6.000 DOE2 DOE2

SRES 8.000 SRES
H
MWH
SERIRES SERIRES
MW
5.000
S3PA S S3PA S
TRNSY S 6.000 TRNSY S
4.000 TASE TASE
3.000 A PA CHE A PA CHE
4.000
2.000
2.000
1.000
0.000 0.000
10.000 10.000
9.000 9.000
8.000 8.000
7.448
7.024
7.000 6.769 6.786 6.806 7.000
ESP 6.608 6.653 6.562 ESP
6.194 6.234 BLAST BLA ST
6.009 6.076 5.974
6.000 5.649 DOE2 6.000 5.739 5.764 5.738 DOE2
SRES SRES
MWH
H
SERIRES SERIRES
MW
5.000 5.000 4.751

S3PA S S3PAS
TRNSY S TRNSY S
4.000 TASE 4.000 TASE
3.000 A PA CHE 3.000 A PA CHE
2.000 2.000
1.000 1.000
0.000 0.000
10.000 10.000
9.000 9.000
8.000 8.000
7.000 ESP 7.000 ESP

BLA ST 6.148 BLA ST
5.920 5.937 5.841 5.903
6.000 DOE2 6.000 DOE2
5.489 5.592
5.341 SRES 5.363 5.279 SRES
5.072 5.047 5.125
H
4.930
MWH
SERIRES SERIRES
MW
5.000 5.000 4.675

4.510 S3PAS S3PAS
TRNSY S TRNSY S
4.000 TA SE 4.000 TA SE
3.000 APACHE 3.000 APACHE
2.000 2.000
1.000 1.000
0.000 0.000
17
10.000 10.000
9.000 9.000
8.000 8.000
7.000 ESP 7.000 ESP

BLA ST BLA ST
5.942 5.964
6.000 DOE2 6.000 5.786 5.767 DOE2
5.539 5.656 5.587 5.662
5.509
SRES SRES
5.160 5.132 5.077 5.124
4.959
MWH
MWH
SERIRES SERIRES
5.000 5.000 4.761
4.577 S3PA S S3PA S
TRNSYS TRNSYS
4.000 TA SE 4.000 TA SE
3.000 A PACHE 3.000 A PACHE
2.000 2.000
1.000 1.000
0.000 0.000
10.000 10.000
9.000 9.000
8.000 8.000
7.135
7.000 ESP 7.000 ESP
6.165 6.154 6.095 BLAST BLAST
5.937
6.000 DOE2 6.000 DOE2
5.610
5.221 5.327 SRES SRES
5.141
MWH
SERIRES
MWH
4.840 4.835 SERIRES
5.000 5.000 4.764
S3PA S S3PA S
4.343 4.348
4.209
TRNSYS TRNSYS
3.859
4.000 TA SE 4.000 TASE
EnergyPlus Energy Plus
3.000 APACHE 3.000 APA CHE
2.000 2.000
1.000 1.000
0.000 0.000
10.000 10.000
9.000 9.000 8.770
7.966 7.973 7.943

8.000 8.000
7.287 7.326
7.075 7.166
6.900
7.000 ESP 7.000 ESP
BLA ST BLA ST
5.835 DOE2 DOE2
6.000 6.000
5.318 SRES SRES
5.199 5.201
4.984 4.967
MWH
MWH
4.855 4.839 SERIRES SERIRES

5.000 4.799 5.000
S3PAS S3PA S
TRNSY S TRNSYS
4.000 TA SE 4.000 TA SE
2.000 2.000
1.000 1.000
0.000 0.000
12.000 10.000
9.151
10.506 9.000
8.365 8.373 8.424
10.000 9.726 9.734 9.724
7.774 7.863
8.000 7.610 7.697
9.019 8.936 9.085
8.873 7.298
8.596
ESP 7.000 ESP

8.000
BLA ST BLAST
DOE2 6.000 DOE2
SRES SRES
MWH
MWH
SERIRES SERIRES
6.000 5.000
S3PA S S3PA S
TRNSYS TRNSYS
TA SE 4.000 TA SE
4.000
A PACHE 3.000 APACHE
2.000
2.000
1.000
0.000 0.000
10.000 10.000
9.000 9.000
8.000 7.827 8.000
7.178 7.186 7.293
7.000 6.662 ESP 7.000 ESP

6.488 6.500 6.510
BLAST BLA ST
6.000 DOE2 6.000 5.811 DOE2
5.652 5.642 5.630
5.429 SRES SRES
5.152 5.098
4.987
MWH
MWH
SERIRES SERIRES
5.000 5.000
S3PA S 4.449 S3PAS
TRNSYS TRNSY S
4.000 TASE 4.000 TA SE
3.000 APA CHE 3.000 A PACHE
2.000 2.000
1.000 1.000
0.000 0.000
18
8.000 8.000
7.000 7.000
6.000 5.709 6.000 5.786

5.596 5.620
5.362 5.353 5.383 5.420
5.226 ESP 5.280 ESP
4.882 BLA ST 4.971 4.970 BLA ST

4.773 4.872 4.806 4.775
5.000 4.748 5.000
DOE2 DOE2
4.296 SRES 4.355 SRES
MWH
MWH
SERIRES SERIRES
4.000 4.000
S3PA S S3PA S
TRNSYS TRNSYS
TA SE TA SE
3.000 3.000
A PACHE A PACHE
2.000 2.000
1.000 1.000
0.000 0.000
8.000 8.000
7.018
7.000 7.000
6.469
6.001 6.095 6.045

5.944 5.883
6.000 5.734 5.728 6.000
5.564 5.665 5.624
5.554
ESP 5.359 ESP
5.184
5.049 5.073 5.050
4.894 BLAST BLAST
5.000 5.000
4.613 DOE2 DOE2
SRES SRES
MWH
MWH
SERIRES SERIRES
4.000 4.000
S3PA S S3PA S
TRNSYS TRNSYS
TA SE TASE
3.000 3.000
APACHE APA CHE
2.000 2.000
1.000 1.000
0.000 0.000
8.000 8.000
7.000 7.000
6.000 6.000
ESP ESP
BLA ST BLA ST
5.000 5.000
DOE2 DOE2
SRES SRES
MWH
MWH
SERIRES SERIRES
4.000 3.803 4.000
3.543 3.501 S3PAS S3PA S
3.255 3.309 3.237 TRNSY S TRNSYS
3.065 3.043
2.888 TA SE TA SE
3.000 2.751 3.000
EnergyPlus A PACHE
A PACHE EnergyPlus
2.000 2.000
1.000 1.000
0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
8.000 8.000
7.228
7.000 6.768 7.000

6.611 6.600
6.161
5.953 5.940 5.861
6.000 6.000
ESP ESP
4.868 BLA ST BLAST

5.000 5.000
DOE2 DOE2
SRES SRES
MWH
MWH
SERIRES SERIRES
4.000 4.000
S3PA S S3PA S
TRNSYS TRNSYS
3.004 2.962 2.963
TA SE 2.828 TA SE
3.000 3.000 2.722
EnergyPlus 2.567 EnergyPlus
2.446
A PACHE APACHE
2.000 2.000 1.839
1.000 1.000
0.000 0.000
8.000 8.000
7.000 7.000
6.000 6.000
ESP ESP
BLAST BLA ST
5.000 5.000
DOE2 DOE2
SRES SRES
MWH
MWH
SERIRES SERIRES
4.000 4.000
S3PA S S3PAS
TRNSYS TRNSY S
TASE TA SE
3.000 3.000
2.254 2.282 2.333
APA CHE 2.174 2.220 APACHE
2.041 2.063 2.097
1.897 1.988 1.947
1.872 1.862
2.000 1.730 2.000 1.734
1.610 1.655 1.575
1.437
1.170
1.000 1.000
0.000 0.000
19
8.000 8.000
7.000 7.000
6.306
6.000 6.000
ESP 5.335 ESP

5.168
BLA ST 5.038 BLA ST
5.000 5.000 4.755 4.728 4.740
DOE2 DOE2
4.255 4.300 4.317 SRES 4.347 SRES
4.235 4.143
4.093 4.058 4.130
MWH
MWH
SERIRES SERIRES
4.000 3.752 3.776 4.000
S3PA S S3PA S
3.448
3.313 TRNSYS TRNSYS
TA SE TA SE
3.000 3.000
A PACHE A PACHE
2.000 2.000
1.000 1.000
0.000 0.000
8.000 8.000
7.000 7.000
6.000 6.000
ESP ESP
BLAST BLAST
5.000 5.000
DOE2 DOE2
SRES SRES
MWH
SERIRES
MWH
SERIRES
4.000 4.000
S3PA S S3PA S
TRNSYS TRNSYS
TA SE TASE
3.000 3.000
EnergyPlus APA CHE
APACHE Energy Plus
2.000 2.000
1.411 1.323 1.322
1.239 1.231 1.179
1.021 1.080
0.968
1.000 0.793 1.000
0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
Figure 35: Annual Heating - Case 960
8.000
7.000
6.000
ESP
BLA ST
5.000
DOE2
SRES
MWH
SERIRES
4.000
S3PAS
3.373
TRNSY S
2.928 2.943 3.008
2.884 2.851 2.816 TA SE
3.000 2.664 2.765
EnergyPlus
2.311
A PACHE
2.000
1.000
0.000
20
Figures 36-70
Peak Heating Load
21
Figure 36: Peak Heating - Case 195 Figure 37: Peak Heating - Case 200
5.000 5.000
4.000 4.000
3.382
ESP ESP
BLA ST 3.047 BLA ST
2.973 2.999 2.969 2.997
3.000 DOE2 3.000 DOE2
SRES 2.651 SRES
MWH
H
SERIRES SERIRES
MW
2.385
2.320 2.263
2.235 2.221 2.218 S3PA S S3PA S
2.186 2.186
2.004 2.0565 TRNSYS TRNSYS
2.000 TA SE 2.000 TA SE
APA CHE A PACHE
1.000 1.000
0.000 0.000
5.000 5.000
4.000 4.000
3.650
3.458
3.325 ESP 3.386
3.280 3.307 3.294 ESP
3.077 BLAST BLAST
2.973 3.020 2.981 3.021
3.000 DOE2 3.000 DOE2
2.787
2.701 SRES SRES
H
MWH
SERIRES SERIRES
MW
S3PAS S3PA S
TRNSYS TRNSY S
2.000 TASE 2.000 TA SE
A PA CHE APA CHE
1.000 1.000
0.000 0.000
5.000 6.000
5.279 5.293
5.159 5.107
4.984 4.994 4.929
5.000 4.892
4.000
3.695 3.709 4.386
3.465 3.520
3.423
3.348 3.336 ESP ESP
3.280
4.000
BLAST BLAST
3.000 2.867 DOE2 DOE2

SRES SRES
H
MWH
SERIRES SERIRES
MW
3.000
S3PA S S3PA S
TRNSY S TRNSY S
2.000 TA SE TASE
2.000
APA CHE A PA CHE
1.000
1.000
0.000 0.000
5.000 5.000
4.000 4.000
3.695 3.709
3.495 3.509 3.465 3.525
3.422
3.333 ESP 3.341 3.336 ESP
3.282 3.239 3.279
3.100 3.159 3.153 BLAST BLA ST
3.000 DOE2 3.000 2.866 DOE2

2.685 SRES SRES
MWH
SERIRES
H
SERIRES
MW
S3PA S S3PAS
TRNSYS TRNSY S
2.000 TASE 2.000 TA SE
A PA CHE APACHE
1.000 1.000
0.000 0.000
5.000 5.000
4.000 4.000
3.714 3.738 3.714 3.759
3.661 3.685
3.441 3.444
3.340 3.336 ESP 3.341 3.336 ESP
3.277 3.278
BLA ST BLA ST
3.000 2.863 DOE2 3.000 2.864 DOE2

SRES SRES
H
MWH
SERIRES SERIRES
MW
S3PAS S3PAS
TRNSY S TRNSY S
2.000 TASE 2.000 TASE
APACHE APACHE
1.000 1.000
0.000 0.000
22
5.000 5.000
4.000 4.000
3.714 3.738 3.714 3.770
3.670 3.681
3.599
3.432 3.446
3.340 3.328 ESP 3.328 ESP
3.277 3.276
BLA ST BLAST
3.014
3.000 2.863 DOE2 3.000 DOE2
SRES SRES
MWH
MWH
SERIRES SERIRES
S3PA S S3PA S
TRNSYS TRNSY S
2.000 TA SE 2.000 TASE
APA CHE A PA CHE
1.000 1.000
0.000 0.000
5.000 5.000
4.000 4.000
3.714 3.771 3.714 3.735
3.672 3.661
3.599
3.439 3.438
3.328 ESP 3.340 3.336 ESP
3.277 3.275
BLAST BLA ST
3.015
3.000 DOE2 3.000 2.861 DOE2
SRES SRES
MWH
SERIRES
MWH
SERIRES
S3PA S S3PAS
TRNSYS TRNSYS
2.000 TA SE 2.000 TA SE
APACHE APACHE
1.000 1.000
0.000 0.000
5.000 4.000
3.695 3.709
3.476 3.520
3.423
3.342 3.336
3.280
4.000
3.000 2.867
ESP ESP
BLA ST BLA ST
3.000 DOE2 DOE2
SRES SRES
MWH
SERIRES
MWH
SERIRES
2.328 2.385 2.391 2.000
2.263 2.270 2.285 S3PAS S3PA S
2.209 2.221
2.062 TRNSY S TRNSYS
2.000 TA SE TA SE
A PACHE A PACHE
1.000
1.000
0.000 0.000
5.000 5.000
4.487 4.501
4.314 4.500 4.301
4.233 4.287
4.227
4.124 4.114 4.157 4.126
4.050 4.044
3.944 3.931 3.975
4.000 4.000
3.625
3.443
ESP 3.500 ESP
BLA ST BLAST
3.000 DOE2 3.000 DOE2

SRES SRES
MWH
MWH
SERIRES SERIRES
2.500
S3PA S S3PA S
TRNSYS TRNSYS
2.000 TA SE 2.000 TA SE
1.000 1.000
0.500
0.000 0.000
5.000 5.000
4.376
4.287 4.301 4.277 4.306
4.137
4.050 4.044 4.041 3.996
3.944 3.931 3.975 3.942 3.931
4.000 4.000
3.442 3.439
ESP ESP
BLAST BLA ST
3.000 DOE2 3.000 DOE2
SRES SRES
MWH
MWH
SERIRES SERIRES
S3PA S S3PAS
TRNSYS TRNSY S
2.000 TASE 2.000 TA SE
APA CHE A PACHE
1.000 1.000
0.000 0.000
23
5.000 5.000
4.307 4.354 4.306 4.354

4.258 4.258
4.045 4.037 3.991 4.034 4.037 3.983
3.940 3.931 3.883 3.941 3.922
4.000 4.000 3.871
3.437 3.437
ESP ESP
BLA ST BLAST
3.000 DOE2 3.000 DOE2

SRES SRES
MWH
MWH
SERIRES SERIRES
S3PA S S3PA S
TRNSYS TRNSY S
2.000 TA SE 2.000 TA SE
A PACHE APA CHE
1.000 1.000
0.000 0.000
5.000 5.000
4.379 4.379
4.277 4.306 4.277 4.280 4.306 4.278
4.046 3.998 4.025 3.992
3.941 3.922 3.941 3.922
4.000 3.866 4.000 3.840
3.591 3.592
ESP ESP
BLAST BLAST
3.000 DOE2 3.000 DOE2

SRES SRES
MWH
SERIRES
MWH
SERIRES
S3PA S S3PA S
TRNSYS TRNSYS
2.000 TA SE 2.000 TASE
APACHE A PA CHE
1.000 1.000
0.000 0.000
9.000 5.000
8.078
8.000
7.290
6.954 4.000
7.000
6.530 6.436
6.347
5.943 ESP BLA ST
6.000 5.722
5.486 BLA ST DOE2
5.232 DOE2 SRES
3.000
5.000 SRES SERIRES
MWH
S3PA S
MWH
SERIRES
S3PAS TRNSYS
4.000 TRNSY S TA SE
TA SE 2.000 A PACHE
EnergyPlus ESP
3.000
A PACHE EnergyPlus
2.000
1.000
1.000
0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
5.000 5.000
4.138 4.188
4.115
3.909 3.939 3.915 3.963
4.000 3.902 4.000
3.793 3.786 3.812
3.709 3.648
3.566 3.606
ESP ESP
3.227
BLA ST BLAST
2.979
3.000 DOE2 3.000 DOE2
SRES SRES
MWH
MWH
SERIRES SERIRES
S3PA S S3PA S
TRNSYS TRNSYS
2.000 TA SE 2.000 TA SE
A PACHE APACHE
1.000 1.000
0.000 0.000
5.000 5.000
4.081 4.083
4.000 3.797 4.000 3.801
3.760 3.764
3.557 3.608 3.564 3.618
3.517 3.547 3.536 3.548
3.453 3.456
3.294 ESP 3.292 ESP
BLAST BLA ST
3.000 2.850 DOE2 3.000 2.858 DOE2
SRES SRES
MWH
MWH
SERIRES SERIRES
S3PA S S3PAS
TRNSYS TRNSY S
2.000 TASE 2.000 TA SE
APA CHE A PACHE
1.000 1.000
0.000 0.000
24
5.000 5.000
4.156 4.165 4.188

4.013 4.029 4.061 4.042 4.064
4.000 3.805 4.000 3.832
3.763 3.732 3.744 3.785
3.703 3.708
3.594 3.613
3.308 ESP 3.355 ESP

BLA ST BLAST
3.000 DOE2 3.000 DOE2

SRES SRES
MWH
MWH
SERIRES SERIRES
S3PA S S3PAS
TRNSYS TRNSY S
2.000 TA SE 2.000 TA SE
A PACHE APA CHE
1.000 1.000
0.000 0.000
12.000 5.000
9.923
10.000
4.000
ESP BLAST
8.000
BLAST DOE2
DOE2 3.000 SRES
6.428 SRES SERIRES
6.116 6.117
MWH
MWH
5.810 5.855 SERIRES S3PA S
6.000 5.665
S3PA S TRNSYS
5.028 5.122
TRNSYS TASE
TA SE 2.000 APA CHE
3.980 EnergyPlus ESP
4.000
APACHE EnergyPlus
1.000
2.000
0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
Figure 70: Peak Heating - Case 960
3.500
3.000 2.863 2.896 2.852

2.751 2.779 2.753
2.727 2.730
2.522
2.500 2.410
ESP
BLA ST
DOE2
2.000 SRES
MWH
SERIRES
S3PAS
1.500 TRNSY S
TA SE
EnergyPlus
A PACHE
1.000
0.500
0.000
25
Figures 71-105
Annual Cooling Load
26
Figure 71: Annual Cooling - Case 195 Figure 72: Annual Cooling - Case 200
1.000 1.000
0.900 0.900
0.800 0.800
0.716
0.699
ESP 0.677 0.683
0.700 0.700 ESP
BLA ST 0.633
0.613 BLA ST
DOE2 0.600 0.570 DOE2
0.600
SRES SRES
0.510
H
0.498 SERIRES
MWH
MW
0.488 0.4861 SERIRES 0.500
0.500 0.474 0.474
S3PA S
0.443
0.414 0.421 S3PA S TRNSYS
0.400 TA SE
0.400 TRNSYS
EnergyPlus
TA SE
0.300 A PACHE
0.300 0.264
0.200
0.200
0.100
0.100
0.000
0.000
1.000 1.000
0.900 0.900
0.853
0.800 0.800 0.765 0.773

0.749
0.701
0.700 0.681 0.671
0.661 0.668 ESP 0.700 ESP
0.641 0.639
0.613 BLA ST BLAST
0.583 DOE2 DOE2
0.600 0.600
SRES SRES
MWH
SERIRES
MWH
SERIRES
0.500 0.500
S3PAS S3PA S
TRNSYS TRNSY S
0.400 TA SE 0.400 TA SE
0.200 0.162 0.200
0.100 0.100
0.000 0.000
1.000 4.000
0.900
0.835 3.500
0.827
0.800
0.734 0.737
3.000
0.701
0.683
0.700 0.669 ESP ESP
BLAST BLAST
2.500
0.600 DOE2 DOE2
SRES SRES
H
H
SERIRES SERIRES
MW
MW
0.500 2.000
S3PA S S3PA S
0.399 TRNSY S TRNSY S

0.400 TASE TA SE
1.500
A PA CHE 1.131 1.139 APA CHE
0.300 1.040
0.976 1.020 0.985 0.980
1.000
0.186 0.692
0.200
0.454
0.500
0.100
0.000 0.000
4.000 4.000
3.500 3.380
3.213
3.000 3.000 2.924 2.931
ESP 2.684 ESP

2.545
BLAST 2.486 BLA ST
2.500
DOE2 2.313 DOE2
SRES 2.177 SRES
H
SERIRES
H
SERIRES
MW
MW
2.000 2.000
S3PA S S3PAS
TRNSY S TRNSY S
TASE TASE
1.500
1.239 1.246 EnergyPlus EnergyPlus
1.072 1.108 1.114 A PA CHE A PA CHE

1.045 1.003
1.000 1.000
0.660
0.500 0.415
0.000 0.000
12.000 10.000
10.350 9.000
9.828
10.000
8.000
8.670 8.795 8.764 8.714
8.523 7.114
ESP 7.000 ESP

6.511
8.000 7.528 6.257
BLA ST BLA ST
DOE2 5.895 5.805 5.761 DOE2
6.000 5.722
SRES SRES
WH
WH
SERIRES 4.873 SERIRES

6.000 5.000
M
M
S3PAS S3PAS
TRNSY S TRNSY S
TA SE 4.000 TA SE
Energy Plus Energy Plus
4.000
APACHE 3.000 APACHE
2.000
2.000
1.000
0.000 0.000
27
10 10
9 9
8.089
8 7.721 8
7.431
7.011 7.1
6.903
7 6.699 ESP 7 6.665 ESP
6.521
BLA ST BLA ST
DOE2 5.836 5.849 5.781 DOE2
6 6 5.721
5.487
SRES SRES
5.204
MWH
MWH
SERIRES SERIRES
5 5
S3PA S S3PA S
4.302
TRNSYS TRNSYS
4 TA SE 4 TA SE
3 A PACHE 3 A PACHE
2 2
1 1
0 0
10 10
9 9
8 8
7.304
7 ESP 7 ESP
6.576
BLAST BLAST
5.906 5.914 5.956
6 DOE2 6 5.663 5.715 DOE2
5.471
SRES SRES
5.136 5.061
MWH
SERIRES
MWH
SERIRES
5 5
4.57 S3PA S S3PA S
4.082 TRNSYS TRNSYS
3.875
4 3.727 TA SE 4 TASE
3 2.732 APACHE 3 APA CHE
2.471
2 2
1 1
0 0
0.2 0.2
0.18 0.18
0.16 0.16
0.14 ESP 0.14 ESP

BLA ST BLA ST
0.12 DOE2 0.12 DOE2
SRES SRES
MWH
MWH
SERIRES SERIRES
0.1 0.1
S3PAS S3PA S
TRNSY S TRNSYS
0.08 TA SE 0.08 TA SE
0.061
0.058
0.04468 0.044
0.04 0.042
0.04 0.04 0.035
0.02 0.016 0.014 0.02

0.011 0.01 0.01029 0.011
0.005
0 0 0 0.002
0 0
0.2 0.2
0.189 0.188
0.18 0.18
0.1575
0.16 0.16 0.154
0.147
0.143
0.139
0.14 ESP 0.14 ESP
BLA ST BLAST
0.12 DOE2 0.12 DOE2

SRES SRES
MWH
MWH
SERIRES SERIRES
0.1 0.1
S3PA S S3PA S
0.084 0.084
TRNSYS TRNSYS
0.08 TA SE 0.08 TA SE
0.06707 0.065
0.063 EnergyPlus EnergyPlus
0.059 0.058
0.06 A PACHE 0.06 APACHE
0.051
0.04 0.04
0.02 0.02
0.01 0.011
0
0 0
1 10
0.9 0.875 9
0.8 8
0.704
0.684
0.7 ESP 7 ESP
0.6 DOE2 6 DOE2
0.563
0.542 0.534 SRES SRES
5.204
MWH
MWH
SERIRES SERIRES
0.5 5 4.674 4.684
S3PA S S3PAS
0.422 4.172
TRNSYS 3.967 3.992 3.975 4.05 TRNSY S
0.4 TASE 4 TA SE
0.3 APA CHE 3 A PACHE
0.2 2
0.1 1
0 0
28
10 10
9 9
7.964
8 8
7.278
7.079
7 6.778 7
6.571 ESP ESP
6.433 6.492 6.492 6.395
6.137 BLA ST BLA ST
6 DOE2 6 5.778 DOE2

5.448 5.506
SRES SRES
MWH
MWH
5 5 4.764 4.685
S3PA S 4.601 4.551 S3PA S
TRNSYS TRNSYS
3.915
4 TA SE 4 TA SE
3 A PACHE 3 A PACHE
2 2
1 1
0 0
10 10
9 9
8 8
7 ESP 7 ESP
BLAST BLAST
6 DOE2 6 DOE2
SRES SRES
5.004
MWH
SERIRES
MWH
SERIRES
5 4.633 5
S3PA S S3PA S
4.334 4.351
4.092 4.144 TRNSYS TRNSYS
4.011 3.901 3.879
4 TA SE 4 3.701 TASE
3.417 3.493
3 APACHE 3 2.817 2.779 APA CHE
2.489 2.489 2.416
2.129
2 2 1.721
1 1
0 0
10 10
9 9
8 7.811 8
7.026
7 6.759 ESP 7
6.508 6.545 ESP
6.247 6.246 6.343
6.183 6.175 BLA ST BLA ST
5.952 5.894
6 DOE2 6 5.795 DOE2
SRES 5.456 SRES
5.14 5.088 5.119 5.006
4.959
MWH
MWH

5 5
S3PAS S3PA S
TRNSY S TRNSYS
4 TA SE 4 TA SE
3 A PACHE 3 A PACHE
2 2
1 1
0 0
1 4
0.9
3.5
0.8
0.7 ESP ESP

BLAST BLAST
2.5
0.6 DOE2 DOE2
SRES SRES
MWH
MWH
SERIRES SERIRES
0.5 2
S3PA S S3PA S
1.711 1.708
TRNSYS 1.624 TRNSYS
0.4 TASE TA SE
1.5 1.405
0.325 Energy Plus 1.307 Energy Plus
1.191 1.159
0.3 0.272 A PA CHE APACHE
1.052
0.224 0.222 1
0.195 0.2073
0.2
0.143
0.113
0.5
0.1
0.055
0 0
4 4
3.5 3.415 3.5
3.165
3 3
ESP ESP
2.6 2.572 2.599
2.5 2.5
2.268 2.278 DOE2 DOE2
2.132 SRES SRES
MWH
MWH
SERIRES SERIRES
2 2 1.872 1.854
S3PAS 1.767 S3PAS
TRNSYS TRNSY S
1.533
TASE 1.428 TA SE
1.5 1.5
1.326
APACHE 1.123 1.136 A PACHE
0.976
1 1
0.821
0.5 0.5
0 0
29
4 4
3.5 3.5
3.092
2.943
3 3
2.616 2.613 ESP ESP
2.44 2.457 2.436 BLA ST BLA ST

2.5 2.418 2.5
2.334 DOE2 DOE2
2.238
SRES 2.173 SRES
MWH
MWH
2 1.84 2
S3PA S S3PA S
TRNSYS 1.599 1.62 TRNSYS
TA SE 1.439 1.416 TA SE
1.5 1.5
A PACHE A PACHE
1.039
1 1 0.894
0.5 0.5
0 0
4 1
0.921
0.9
3.5
3.241
3.036 0.8 0.771

3
ESP 0.7 ESP

2.536 2.489 2.516 BLAST
BLAST
2.5 2.34 2.383 0.589
DOE2 0.6 DOE2
0.5606
2.193 2.185 0.538 0.551
SRES 0.526 SRES
2.079 0.513
MWH
SERIRES
MWH
SERIRES
2 0.5 0.461
S3PA S S3PA S
TRNSYS TRNSYS
0.387
TA SE 0.4 TASE
1.5
APACHE 0.3 APA CHE
0.2
0.5
0.1
0 0
Figure 105: Annual Cooling - Case 960
0.9
0.803
0.786
0.8
0.718
0.7 0.666 ESP
0.643
BLA ST
0.6 0.579 DOE2
0.562
SRES
MWH
0.488 SERIRES
0.5
S3PAS
0.428
0.4113 TRNSY S
0.4 TA SE
EnergyPlus
0.3 A PACHE
0.2
0.1
0
30
Figures 106-140
Peak Cooling Load
31
Figure 106: Peak Cooling - Case 195 Figure 107: Peak Cooling - Case 200
2 2
1.5 1.5
ESP ESP
BLAST BLA ST
DOE2 DOE2
1.111 1.1051.1005555561.126 1.09
SRES SRES
1.017
SERIRES SERIRES
kW
kW
1 1
S3PA S S3PA S
0.853 0.863
0.806 0.7990.791388889 0.79 0.7965 0.812 TRNSY S TRNSYS
0.728 TASE TA SE
0.651 Energy Plus EnergyPlus
0.616
APA CHE A PACHE
0.5 0.5
0 0
2 2
1.5 1.5
ESP 1.347 ESP

BLA ST 1.23 BLAST
1.216
1.166 1.1836111111.192
1.142 DOE2 DOE2
1.101 1.097
1.067777778 1.047 SRES SRES
1.017 1.007
SERIRES SERIRES
kW
kW
1 1
S3PAS S3PA S
TRNSYS TRNSY S
TA SE TA SE
APACHE APA CHE
0.476
0.5 0.5
0 0
2 2
1.875 1.878
1.8 1.749 1.727

1.7 1.707777778
1.646
1.6
1.5 1.455
1.34 1.342 ESP 1.4 ESP
1.215 BLAST BLA ST

1.213 1.197
1.166 1.178888889
DOE2 1.2 DOE2
SRES 1.059 SRES
SERIRES SERIRES
kW
kW
1 0.937 1
S3PA S S3PA S
TRNSY S TRNSYS
TASE 0.8 TA SE
0.56 A PA CHE 0.6 A PACHE
0.5
0.4
0.2
0 0
2 10
1.8 9
1.6 1.54 1.542 8
1.398 1.397 1.381

1.4 1.347 1.361388889 7
ESP ESP
BLAST BLA ST
1.2 DOE2 6 DOE2
1.119
SRES SRES
kW
kW
1 5
S3PA S S3PAS
TRNSY S TRNSY S
0.8 0.739 TASE 4 TASE
3.36
EnergyPlus 3.227777778 3.172 EnergyPlus
3.036
0.6 A PA CHE 3 A PA CHE
2.605 2.59 2.582
2.258
0.4 2
0.2 1
0 0
10 10
9 9
7.967
8 8
7.234
7 6.819 6.763888889 6.867 7

6.641 6.668 ESP ESP
6.356
BLA ST BLA ST
6 DOE2 6 5.759 DOE2

SRES 5.22 5.236 SRES
SERIRES SERIRES
kW
kW
5 5 4.786111111 4.795
4.631 4.63
S3PAS 4.444 S3PAS
TRNSY S TRNSY S
4 TA SE 4 TA SE
3 APACHE 3 APACHE
2 2
1 1
0 0
32
10 10
9 9
8 7.793 8
6.91
7 6.7 6.621 ESP 7 ESP
6.555
6.428
6.269 6.202777778 BLA ST BLA ST
6 DOE2 6 DOE2
SRES SRES
5.072 4.929
SERIRES SERIRES
kW
kW
5 5 4.657
S3PA S S3PA S
4.3364.277777778
TRNSYS 4.093 4.162 TRNSYS
4 TA SE 4 TA SE
3.404
3 A PACHE 3 A PACHE
2 2
1 1
0 0
Figure 118: Peak Cooling - Case 310 Figure 119: Peak Cooling - C ase 320
10 10
9 9
8 8
7.332
7 ESP 7 ESP
6.484
BLAST 6.183 6.177777778 6.141 BLAST
5.946 6.047
6 DOE2 6 5.701 DOE2
SRES SRES
SERIRES SERIRES
kW
kW
5 4.666 5
S3PA S S3PA S
4.186
TRNSYS TRNSYS
4 3.749 3.669 3.588888889 TA SE 4
3.604 TASE
3.425
2.848 APACHE APA CHE
3 3
2 2
1 1
0 0
2 2
1.5 1.5
ESP ESP
BLA ST BLA ST
DOE2 DOE2
SRES SRES
SERIRES SERIRES
kW
kW
1 1
S3PAS S3PA S
TRNSY S TRNSYS
TA SE 0.712 TA SE
EnergyPlus 0.666
EnergyPlus
0.6120.613333333
A PACHE 0.581 0.572 0.56 A PACHE
0.5 0.421 0.5
0.394
0.362 0.356 0.3625 0.345
0.282
0.265
0 0 0
0 0
2 2
1.5 1.5
ESP ESP
BLA ST BLAST
DOE2 DOE2
SRES 1.078 SRES
1.047
SERIRES SERIRES
kW
kW
1 1 0.923 0.938 0.937777778 0.921 0.941

S3PA S S3PA S
0.863
0.814 TRNSYS TRNSYS
0.7240.743055556 0.71 0.726 TA SE TA SE
0.699
EnergyPlus 0.631 Energy Plus
A PACHE APACHE
0.5 0.5
0.413
0.258
0.035
0 0
Figure 124: Peak Cooling - C ase 430 Figure 125: Peak Cooling - Case 440
10 10
9 9
8 8
7 ESP 7 ESP
BLAST BLA ST
6 DOE2 6 DOE2
5.615
SRES 5.278 SRES
5.053
SERIRES SERIRES
kW
kW
5 5 4.686111111 4.743
S3PA S 4.546 4.424 4.465 S3PAS
TRNSYS TRNSY S
4 TASE 4 TA SE
3 APA CHE 3 A PACHE
2.578
2 1.772 1.762 1.779 1.798333333 1.792 2

1.493 1.575
1.427
1 1
0 0
33
10 10
9 9
8 8
7.551
7.215
7 6.827 6.812 7
6.557 ESP ESP
6.486111111 6.452 6.371
6.194 6.286 BLA ST 6.17 6.257 BLA ST
6.064 6.146
5.965 5.848
DOE2 5.824 DOE2
6 6 5.669 5.675
SRES SRES
SERIRES SERIRES
kW
kW
5 5
S3PA S S3PA S
TRNSYS TRNSYS
4 TA SE 4 TA SE
3 A PACHE 3 A PACHE
2 2
1 1
0 0
10
10
9
9
8
8
7 ESP ESP
7
BLAST BLA ST
6 DOE2 DOE2
6
SRES SRES
4.959 5.096
SERIRES SERIRES
kW
kW
4.593 S3PA S 5 S3PAS
4.43 4.316
4.297 4.275 4.206 4.4
4.075 TRNSYS 4.116 TRNSY S
4 3.634 TA SE 3.762 TA SE
4 3.704 3.588 3.6653.6083333333.546 3.672
3.072
3 APACHE APACHE
3
2 2
1 1
0 0
10 10
9 9
8 8
7.537 7.458
7 6.776 6.771 7 6.679

6.576 6.542 ESP 6.671 ESP
6.441666667 6.411 6.516 6.456
6.25 6.377777778 6.308
6.161 BLA ST 6.143 BLA ST
5.892 6.031
6 DOE2 5.831 DOE2
6
SRES SRES
SERIRES SERIRES
kW
kW
5 5
S3PAS S3PA S
TRNSY S TRNSYS
4 TA SE 4 TA SE
3 A PACHE 3 A PACHE
2 2
1 1
0 0
2 10
1.5
1.382
1.352 1.358 7
ESP ESP
BLA ST BLAST
DOE2 6 DOE2
SRES SRES
1.028
0.967 0.982777778 SERIRES SERIRES
kW
kW
1 0.949 5
S3PA S S3PA S
TRNSYS TRNSYS
0.743 TA SE 4 3.624 TA SE
0.585 2.991
3
2.357 2.432 2.343611111 2.484
0.5
1.852
2
0 0
Figure 134: Peak Cooling - C ase 900 Figure 135: Peak Cooling - Case 910
10 10
9 9
8 8
7 ESP 7 ESP
BLAST BLA ST
6 DOE2 6 DOE2
SRES SRES
4.901 SERIRES SERIRES
kW
kW
5 5
S3PA S S3PAS
TRNSYS 3.973 TRNSY S
3.871
4 TASE 4 TA SE
3.458 3.566666667 3.457
3.334 3.389 3.277
3.155 3.261 Energy Plus 3.147 EnergyPlus
2.888 2.786 2.791666667 2.78
3 APA CHE 3 A PACHE
2.5 2.574
2.336
1.896
2 2
1 1
0 0
34
10 10
9 9
8 8
7 ESP 7 ESP
BLA ST BLA ST
6 DOE2 6 DOE2
SRES SRES
SERIRES SERIRES
kW
kW
5 5
S3PA S S3PA S
TRNSYS TRNSYS
4 3.777 4
3.505 TA SE TA SE
3.487
3.109 EnergyPlus 3.08 3.203 EnergyPlus
3.071 3.05 2.952 3.043
2.933
3 A PACHE 3 A PACHE
2.546 2.4862.498333333 2.58
2.385 2.388 2.442
2.304
1.873
2 2
1 1
0 0
10 10
9 9
8 8
7 ESP 7 ESP
BLAST BLAST
6 DOE2 6 DOE2
SRES SRES
kW
kW
5 5
S3PA S S3PA S
TRNSYS TRNSYS
3.871 3.848
4 4 TASE
3.566666667 3.457 TA SE
3.458 3.389
3.334 3.261 3.17 Energy Plus
3.155 Energy Plus
2.888 2.867 APA CHE
3 APACHE 3 2.621 2.664 2.677 2.686111111 2.666
2.44
2.033
2 2
1 1
0 0
Figure 140: Peak Cooling - Case 960
1.5
1.403
1.37 1.378
1.306 ESP
BLA ST
1.179 1.197
1.144 1.156 DOE2
1.057 SRES
SERIRES
kW
1 0.953
S3PAS
TRNSY S
TA SE
EnergyPlus
A PACHE
0.5
0
35
Figures 141- 155
Free-Floating Temperatures
36
Figure 141: Max Annual Hourly Zone Temperature - Case 600FF Figure 142: Max Annual Hourly Zone Temperature - Case 900FF
71 50
70 69.81
69.5 49
69 68.6 48
68
ESP 47 ESP
BLAST BLA ST
67
DOE2 46 DOE2
SRES SRES
66
degC
degC
65.25 65.25 65.22 45
65.11
64.929 64.9 S3PA S S3PA S
65
64.4 TRNSY S TRNSYS
TA SE 44 TA SE
64 43.44 43.44
43
APA CHE 43 42.7 A PACHE
63 42.46 42.4
41.99
42 41.812
62
61 41
60 40
Figure 143: Max Annual Hourly Zone Temperature - Case 650FF Figure 144: Max Annual Hourly Zone Temperature - Case 950FF
71 39
38.5
70 38.5
69
68.49 38
68.2
37.58
68
ESP 37.5 ESP
67
BLA ST BLAST
67
DOE2 37 DOE2
SRES SRES
66 36.6
degC
SERIRES
degC
SERIRES
36.5
S3PAS 36.23 S3PA S
65 36.1
TRNSYS TRNSY S
36 35.9
TA SE 35.77 TA SE
63.74 63.82 63.69
64 35.65 35.67
63.45 Energy Plus EnergyPlus
63.236 63.3 35.54
APACHE 35.5 APA CHE
63 62.7
35
62
61 34.5
60 34
Figure 145: Max Annual Hourly Zone Temperature - Case 960 Figure 146: Min Annual Hourly Zone Temperature - Case 600FF
56 -8
55.34
55
-10
-9.96
54
-12
53 ESP ESP
BLAST BLAST
-14
52 DOE2 DOE2
51.5
SRES SRES
51.21
51
degC
degC
SERIRES SERIRES
51 -16 -15.565
S3PA S S3PA S
50.2
TRNSY S TRNSY S
50 -17.05
TASE TA SE
-18
49.34 -17.8 -17.81 -17.9
EnergyPlus -18 -18.07 EnergyPlus
48.943 49 48.92 -18.47
48.88 A PA CHE APA CHE
49 -18.8
-20
48
-22
47
46 -24
Figure 147: Min Annual Hourly Zone Temperature - Case 900FF Figure 148: Min Annual Hourly Zone Temperature - Case 650FF
0 -8
-10
-1 -9.97
-12
-1.647
-2
ESP ESP
BLA ST BLAST
-14
DOE2 DOE2
-3 SRES SRES
-3.1
degC
degC
-3.15 SERIRES SERIRES

-16
S3PA S S3PA S
-4 TRNSYS TRNSYS
-3.94 -4 TA SE TASE
-18
-4.3 EnergyPlus Energy Plus
-4.5
-4.67 A PACHE A PA CHE
-5
-20
-5.64
-6
-22 -21.6
-6.38 -22.564
-22.96 -23 -22.9 -22.83 -22.91 -22.86
-23.1
-7 -24
Figure 149: Min Annual Hourly Zone Temperature - Case 950FF Figure 150: Min Annual Hourly Zone Temperature - Case 960
-8 5
3.9
4
-10
-9.83
3.1
3 2.729
-12
2.22
ESP ESP
2
BLAST 1.63 BLAST
-14 1.4
DOE2 1.1 DOE2
SRES 1 0.75 SRES
degC
degC
SERIRES SERIRES
-16
S3PA S S3PA S
TRNSY S 0 TRNSY S
TA SE TASE
-18 -0.39
-1
-18.6 APA CHE A PA CHE
-19.484 -19.34
-20 -19.7
-20.04 -19.96 -19.9 -2
-20.2
-20.4
-22
-3 -2.82
-24 -4
37
Figure 151: Average Annual Hourly Zone Temperature - Case 600FF Figure 152: Average Annual Hourly Zone Temperature - Case 900FF
27 27
25.93 25.93
26 26
25.72
25.48 25.453 25.49

25.43
ESP ESP
25.2 25.2 25.2
25.126 BLAST BLA ST
25
25 DOE2 25 DOE2
SRES 24.7 SRES
24.6
24.49
degC
24.47
degC

24.25 S3PA S 24.28 S3PA S
24.22
TRNSY S TRNSYS
24 TA SE 24 TA SE
APA CHE A PACHE
23 23
22 22
Figure 153: Average Annual H ourly Zone Temperature - C ase 650FF Figure 154: Average Annual Hourly Zone Temperature - Case 950FF
21 17
20 16
19.62
ESP ESP
19.1 BLA ST BLAST
18.96 14.97
19 DOE2 15 DOE2
18.69 SRES 14.64 SRES
14.53
degC
degC

18.36 14.3 14.3
18.234 S3PAS 14.26 14.29 S3PA S
18.09 14.14
17.99
18 TA SE 14 TA SE
17.8
APACHE APA CHE
17 13
16 12
Figure 155: Average Annual Hourly Zone Temperature - Case 960
30
28.96
29
28.69
28.54
ESP
BLAST
28 28
28 DOE2
27.72 SRES
27.6
27.49
degC
SERIRES
S3PA S
TRNSY S
27 26.85 TASE
EnergyPlus
26.43 A PA CHE
26
25
38
Figures 156 - 173
Low-mass Basic Sensitivity Tests

39
Figure 156: Low Mass Basic Sensitivity Tests: Annual Heating - Figure 157: Low Mass Basic Sensitivity Tests: Annual Heating -
Cases 610-600 (overhang added to south window) Cases 620-600 (east/west windows replace south window)
0.12 0.8
0.7 0.682
0.098
0.1
0.089
0.6
ESP ESP
0.08 0.077
BLAST BLA ST
DOE2 0.5 DOE2
0.067
SRES SRES
H
SERIRES
MWH
0.059 SERIRES
MW
0.06 0.4 0.366
0.054 S3PA S S3PA S
TRNSY S 0.328 TRNSYS
0.317 0.312
TA SE 0.3 0.276 TA SE

0.235
0.033 APA CHE A PACHE
0.201
0.027 0.2
0.024
0.021 0.138 0.146
0.02
0.1
0 0
Figure 158: Low Mass Basic Sensitivity Tests: Annual Heating - C ases Figure 159: Low Mass Basic Sensitivity Tests: Annual Heating -
630-620 (side-fins & overhangs added to east/west windows) Cases 640-600 (night set-back)
1.4 0
1.29
1.2
-0.5
1 ESP ESP
BLA ST BLAST
DOE2 -1 DOE2
0.8 SRES SRES
0.692 SERIRES
H
MWH
SERIRES
MW
S3PAS S3PA S
0.6 0.551 TRNSYS TRNSY S
0.525 0.531 -1.5
TA SE TA SE
-1.511
0.437 -1.545 EnergyPlus
0.436 Energy Plus
0.4 APACHE APA CHE

0.31 0.329 -1.793 -1.817 -1.829
0.267 -1.885 -1.852
-2
-1.971
0.2 -2.053
-2.166
0 -2.5
Figure 160: Low Mass Basic Sensitivity Tests: Annual Cooling - Figure 161: Low Mass Basic Sensitivity Tests: Annual Cooling -
Cases 610-600 (overhang added to south window) Cases 620-600 (east/west windows replace south window)
0 0
-0.5
-0.5
ESP -1 ESP
BLAST BLA ST
DOE2 DOE2
-1
SRES -1.5 SRES
H
SERIRES
MWH
SERIRES
MW
S3PA S S3PA S
-1.272
TRNSY S -2 TRNSYS
-1.5 TA SE
TA SE
-1.582 EnergyPlus EnergyPlus
APA CHE -2.341 A PACHE
-1.728 -2.5 -2.427 -2.427
-2.481 -2.516
-1.83 -1.844 -2.591
-1.891 -1.886 -2.645
-2 -2.72 -2.745
-3
-2.96
-2.186
-2.222 -2.227
-2.5 -3.5
Figure 162: Low Mass B asic Sensitivity Tests: Annual C ooling - Cases Figure 163: Low Mass Basic Sensitivity Tests: Annual Cooling -
630-620 (side-fins & overhangs added to east/w est w indow s) Cases 640-600 (night set-back)
0 0
-0.05
-0.5
ESP -0.1 ESP

-1 BLA ST BLAST
-0.984
-1.1 DOE2 DOE2
-1.14
SRES -0.15 SRES
-1.288 -1.303 -1.327 -0.153 SERIRES
H
MWH
SERIRES
MW
-1.5
-1.485 S3PAS S3PA S
-1.522
TRNSYS -0.185 TRNSY S
-0.2
TA SE TA SE
-1.845 -0.22 EnergyPlus
-2 Energy Plus
-0.228
APACHE -0.25 APA CHE
-0.245 -0.246
-0.25 -0.252
-0.27
-2.5
-0.3
-2.63
-0.32
-3 -0.35
Figure 164: Low Mass Basic Sensitivity Tests: Annual Cooling - Figure 165: Low Mass Basic Sensitivity Tests: Peak Heating - Cases
Cases 650-600 (venting) 610-600 (overhang added to south window)
0 0.002
0.001
0 0 0 0
-0.2 0
-0.4 -0.001
-0.002
ESP ESP
-0.6 BLAST BLAST
-0.004
DOE2 DOE2
-0.8 SRES SRES

SERIRES
H
SERIRES
kW
MW
-0.006
S3PA S S3PA S
-1 TRNSY S TRNSY S
TASE TA SE
-0.008
-1.2 EnergyPlus -0.008 EnergyPlus
-0.008333333
A PA CHE APA CHE
-1.293 -1.284 -0.01
-1.321 -1.322
-1.4
-1.384 -1.373 -1.389
-1.419 -1.404
-0.011
-1.6 -0.012
-0.012
-1.612
-1.8 -0.014
40
Figure 166: Low Mass Basic Sensitivity Tests: Peak Heating - Cases Figure 167: Low Mass Basic Sensitivity Tests: Peak Heating - Cases
620-600 (east/west windows replace south window) 630-620 (side-fins & overhangs added to east/west windows)
0.300 0.005
0.003
0.001 0.001
0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
0.250 0.240 0.000
0.200 ESP -0.005 ESP

BLA ST -0.006 BLA ST
0.154 DOE2 DOE2
0.150 SRES -0.010 SRES
SERIRES SERIRES
kW
kW
S3PA S S3PAS
0.100 TRNSYS -0.015 TRNSYS

TA SE TA SE
A PACHE -0.020 APACHE
0.050
0.025 -0.021
0.019
0.007
0.001 0.001 -0.001
0.000 -0.025
-0.008 -0.026
-0.017
-0.050 -0.030
Figure 168: Low Mass Basic Sensitivity Tests: Peak Heating - Cases Figure 169: Low Mass Basic Sensitivity Tests: Peak Cooling - Cases
640-600 (night set-back) 610-600 (overhang added to south window)
4.000 0.000
3.771
3.407 -0.100
3.500
-0.116
-0.141
-0.200
3.000
ESP ESP
2.600
BLAST -0.300 BLAST
2.445 -0.300
2.500 DOE2 DOE2
2.272 2.310 -0.336
SRES -0.400 SRES
SERIRES SERIRES
kW
kW
2.000 1.898
1.795 1.792 S3PA S S3PA S
-0.456
TRNSY S -0.500 TRNSY S
1.546
1.500 TA SE -0.525 TA SE
EnergyPlus -0.600 EnergyPlus
-0.592 -0.604
APA CHE APA CHE
1.000
-0.700 -0.666
0.500
-0.800
-0.811
0.000 -0.900
Figure 170: Low Mass Basic Sensitivity Tests: Peak Cooling - Cases Figure 171: Low Mass Basic Sensitivity Tests: Peak Cooling - Cases
0.000 0.000
-0.200
-0.500
-0.400 -0.371
ESP -0.477 ESP

-1.000 -0.600 -0.554 -0.534
BLA ST -0.562 -0.559 BLA ST
DOE2 -0.632 DOE2
-0.667
SRES -0.800 SRES
SERIRES SERIRES
kW
kW
-1.500 -0.842
S3PA S S3PAS
-1.000 TRNSYS
TRNSYS
-1.716 TA SE TA SE
-2.000 -1.890 EnergyPlus -1.200 Energy Plus

-1.989 A PACHE APACHE
-2.226 -2.234 -2.211 -2.241 -2.246 -1.400
-2.500
-2.560 -2.592 -1.600 -1.550
-3.000 -1.800
Figure 172: Low Mass Basic Sensitivity Tests: Peak Cooling - Cases Figure 173: Low Mass Basic Sensitivity Tests: Peak Cooling - Cases
640-600 (night set-back) 650-600 (venting)
0.000 0.000
-0.010 -0.020
-0.014 -0.015
-0.020 -0.040
ESP ESP
-0.030 BLAST -0.060 BLAST
-0.033 DOE2 DOE2

-0.036 SRES SRES
-0.040 -0.080
-0.041 -0.041 SERIRES SERIRES
kW
kW
-0.044 S3PA S S3PA S

-0.050 -0.100 -0.093
TRNSY S TRNSY S
-0.051 -0.101
TA SE TASE
-0.108
-0.060 EnergyPlus -0.120 EnergyPlus
APA CHE A PA CHE
-0.070 -0.140 -0.134 -0.133

-0.140
-0.143 -0.144
-0.073
-0.080 -0.160 -0.156
-0.080
-0.163
-0.090 -0.180
41
Figures 174 - 185
High-mass Basic Sensitivity Tests - Heating

42
Figure 174: High Mass Basic Sensitivity Tests: Annual Heating - Figure 175: High Mass Basic Sensitivity Tests: Annual Heating -
Cases 900-600 (mass effect with south window) Cases 910-900 (overhang added to south window)
0 0.5
0.442
0.45
-0.5
0.405
0.4 0.382 0.386
-1
ESP 0.35 0.333 ESP

-1.5 BLAST BLA ST
DOE2 0.294 0.297 DOE2
0.3
0.277
-2 SRES SRES
0.252
H
SERIRES
H
SERIRES
MW
MW
0.25
S3PA S S3PA S
-2.5 TRNSY S TRNSYS
TA SE 0.2 0.179 TA SE
-3 EnergyPlus EnergyPlus
APA CHE 0.15 A PACHE
-3.126 -3.163 -3.152
-3.217
-3.329 -3.321 -3.311
-3.5 -3.406
0.1
-3.608
-4 -3.837
0.05
-4.5 0
Figure 176: High Mass Basic Sensitivity Tests: Annual Heating - Cases Figure 177: High Mass Basic Sensitivity Tests: Annual Heating -
920-900 (east/w est w indow s replace south w indow ) Cases 930-920 (side-fins & overhangs added to east/west windows)
3 2.5
2.505
2.5 2.383 2.37 2.006
2
2.259
2.196
2.143 2.142 2.121
2.07
2.011 ESP ESP
2 BLA ST BLAST
DOE2 1.5 DOE2
SRES SRES
SERIRES
H
MWH
SERIRES
MW
1.5
S3PAS S3PA S
1.08
TRNSYS TRNSY S
0.933 0.964
1 TA SE
TA SE
0.83
1 Energy Plus EnergyPlus
0.721
APACHE 0.662 0.67 0.682 APA CHE
0.595
0.5
0.5
0 0
Figure 178: High Mass Basic Sensitivity Tests: Annual Heating - Figure 179: High Mass Basic Sensitivity Tests: Annual Heating -
Cases 940-900 (night set-back) Cases 960-900 (mass effect with sunspace)
0 2
1.8 1.718
-0.1
1.6
-0.2
ESP 1.4 1.328 ESP
BLAST BLA ST
-0.3 1.213
DOE2 1.2 1.141 DOE2
SRES 1.054 1.056 1.061 SRES
0.987
H
SERIRES
MWH
SERIRES
MW
-0.4 -0.377 1
S3PA S S3PA S
0.863
TRNSY S TRNSYS
0.775
0.8 TA SE
-0.5 -0.469 TA SE
APA CHE 0.6 A PACHE
-0.551
-0.6 -0.577 -0.575
-0.589
-0.625 0.4
-0.633
-0.666
-0.7
0.2
-0.718
-0.8 0
43
Figure 180: High Mass Basic Sensitivity Tests: Peak Heating - Cases Figure 181: High Mass Basic Sensitivity Tests: Peak Heating - Cases
900-600 (mass effect with south window) 910-900 (overhang added to south window)
0.000 0.025
-0.100 0.019
0.020
-0.200 ESP ESP

BLAST 0.015 BLA ST
-0.226
DOE2 DOE2
-0.300 SRES SRES
kW
kW
0.010
S3PA S S3PA S
0.008
-0.400 TRNSY S 0.007 TRNSYS
-0.414 TA SE TA SE
-0.429
-0.444 EnergyPlus 0.005 0.004 0.004 EnergyPlus
-0.500 APA CHE 0.003 A PACHE

-0.487 -0.488 0.002
-0.498
0.001
-0.557 0.000
-0.600 -0.587 -0.589
-0.002
-0.700 -0.005
0.500 0.140
0.458 0.127
0.450
0.421
0.120
0.400
ESP 0.100 ESP

0.350
BLA ST BLAST
0.300
DOE2 DOE2
0.300
SRES 0.080 SRES
0.264
0.250 0.248 0.253
SERIRES SERIRES
kW
kW
0.250
S3PAS S3PA S
0.216
0.192
0.200
TA SE TA SE
0.047
0.040 0.035 0.036
0.029 0.029
0.027
0.100
0.075 0.022
0.019
0.020
0.050 0.009
0.000 0.000
940-900 (night set-back) 960-900 (mass effect with sunspace)
7.000 0.000
6.000 5.842 -0.200
5.000 ESP -0.400 ESP

BLAST -0.440 BLA ST
DOE2 DOE2
4.000 SRES -0.600 -0.564 SRES
SERIRES SERIRES
kW
kW
S3PA S -0.702 S3PA S

3.000 TRNSY S -0.800 -0.756 TRNSYS
2.631 -0.794
2.509 2.516 TA SE TA SE
2.356 -0.830
2.308
-0.897
2.000 APA CHE A PACHE
-1.000
1.575 1.606 -0.995
-1.018
1.130
1.000 -1.200
-1.185
0.000 -1.400
44
Figures 186 - 199
High-mass Basic Sensitivity Tests - Cooling

45
Figure 186: High Mass Basic Sensitivity Tests: Annual Cooling - Figure 187: High Mass Basic Sensitivity Tests: Annual Cooling -
Cases 900-600 (mass effect with south window) Cases 910-900 (overhang added to south window)
0 0
-0.5 -0.2
-1
-0.4
-1.5 ESP ESP

BLAST -0.6 BLA ST
DOE2 DOE2
-2
SRES SRES
-0.8
H
H
SERIRES SERIRES
MW
MW
-2.5 -0.832
S3PA S S3PA S
TRNSY S -1 TRNSYS
-3
TA SE -1.067 TA SE
EnergyPlus -1.2 -1.144 -1.145 -1.142 EnergyPlus
-1.159
-3.5 APA CHE A PACHE
-1.311 -1.293
-1.4
-4 -3.833
-3.92
-4.005 -4.007
-4.113 -4.179 -4.117 -1.479
-4.5 -4.303 -1.6 -1.561
-4.549
-4.624
-5 -1.8
Figure 188: High Mass Basic Sensitivity Tests: Annual Cooling - Cases Figure 189: High Mass Basic Sensitivity Tests: Annual Cooling -
920-900 (east/west windows replace south window) Cases 930-920 (side-fins & overhangs added to east/west windows)
0.2 0
0.168
-0.2
0.1
0.056 -0.4
0.016 0.014
ESP -0.6 ESP
0 BLA ST BLAST
-0.682
-0.015 DOE2 -0.714 DOE2
-0.8
-0.77
SRES -0.801 SRES
-0.854 -0.837
-0.067
MWH
SERIRES
H
SERIRES
MW
-0.1 -1
S3PAS -1.002 S3PA S
-1.018
-0.115 TRNSY S
TRNSYS
-1.2 TA SE
TA SE -1.174
APACHE -1.4 APA CHE
-0.222
-1.6
-0.3
-0.292
-0.323 -1.8 -1.719
-0.4 -2
Figure 190: High Mass Basic Sensitivity Tests: Annual Cooling - Figure 191: High Mass Basic Sensitivity Tests: Annual Cooling -
Cases 940-900 (night set-back) Cases 950-900 (venting)
0 0
-0.02
-0.5
-0.04
-0.06 -0.053 ESP ESP

BLAST -1 BLA ST
-0.064
DOE2 DOE2
-0.08 -0.075
-0.083 -0.083 SRES SRES
MWH
SERIRES SERIRES
MW
-0.1 -0.093 -1.5

S3PA S S3PA S
-0.102
TRNSY S TRNSYS
-0.12 -0.115 -1.745 TA SE
TA SE -1.765
-1.828 -1.807
EnergyPlus -2 -1.917 -1.9244 EnergyPlus
-0.129
-0.14 APA CHE -2.021 A PACHE
-2.074
-2.244
-0.16
-2.5
-0.18 -0.174
-2.826
-0.2 -3
Figure 192: High Mass Basic Sensitivity Tests: Annual Cooling - Cases
960-900 (mass effect with sunspace)
-0.5
ESP
-1 BLA ST
DOE2
SRES
MWH
SERIRES
-1.5
S3PAS
-1.644 TRNSYS
-1.689 -1.716 TA SE
-1.813
-2 -1.929 EnergyPlus
-1.934
-2.027 APACHE
-2.0737
-2.362
-2.5
-2.697
-3
46
Figure 193: High Mass Basic Sensitivity Tests: Peak Cooling - Cases Figure 194: High Mass Basic Sensitivity Tests: Peak Cooling - Cases
900-600 (mass effect with south window) 910-900 (overhang added to south window)
0.000 0.000
-0.500
-0.200
-1.000
ESP -0.310 ESP
BLAST -0.400 BLA ST
-1.500 DOE2 DOE2
SRES SRES
SERIRES SERIRES
kW
-0.548
kW
-2.000 -0.600
S3PA S -0.594 S3PA S
-0.609
TRNSY S -0.655 TRNSYS
TA SE -0.687 TA SE
-2.500
-0.775
-2.810
-3.000 -2.919
-2.956 -2.952
-3.063 -0.928
-3.198 -1.000
-3.306 -3.296 -0.992
-3.500 -3.355
-1.122
-4.000 -1.200
0.200 0.000
0.048
0.000 -0.200
-0.200 ESP -0.400 ESP

-0.387
-0.222 -0.407
BLA ST BLAST
-0.263 -0.463
-0.309 DOE2 -0.512 -0.510 DOE2
-0.400 -0.349 -0.346 -0.600 -0.552
SRES -0.574 SRES
-0.384 -0.585
SERIRES SERIRES
kW
kW
-0.503 S3PAS S3PA S

-0.517 -0.721
-0.600 TRNSYS -0.800 TRNSY S
TA SE TA SE
-0.800 APACHE -1.000 APA CHE
-1.000 -1.200
-1.201
-1.124
-1.200 -1.400
940-900 (night set-back) 950-900 (venting)
1.000 0.000
0.900
-0.200
0.800
0.700 BLAST ESP

DOE2 -0.400 BLA ST
SRES DOE2
0.600
SERIRES SRES
S3PA S -0.534 SERIRES
kW
kW
0.500 -0.600
TRNSY S -0.590 S3PA S
TA SE -0.657 TRNSYS
0.400 -0.701 TA SE
APA CHE
-0.723
ESP -0.800 EnergyPlus
0.300 -0.794 A PACHE
EnergyPlus -0.821
-0.855
-0.881
0.200
-1.000
0.100 -1.053
0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
0.000 -1.200
Figure 199: High Mass Basic Sensitivity Tests: Peak Cooling - Cases
960-900 (mass effect with sunspace)
0.000
-0.500
-1.000
ESP
BLA ST
-1.500
DOE2
SRES
SERIRES
kW
-2.000 -1.935
-2.011 S3PAS
-2.054 -2.105
-2.155 -2.189 -2.192 TRNSYS
-2.500 TA SE
-2.401
-2.501 EnergyPlus
APACHE
-3.000
-3.500
-3.595
-4.000
47
Figures 200 - 227
Low-mass In-Depth Sensitivity Tests Cases 195-320:

Heating
48
Figure 200: Low Mass In-Depth Sensitivity Tests: Annual Heating - Figure 201: Low Mass In-Depth Sensitivity Tests: Annual Heating -
Cases 200-195 (opaque panel replaces wall) Cases 210-200 (external emissivity)
2.500 1.400
1.204
1.200
1.961
2.000
1.715 ESP 1.000 ESP

1.664 1.663 1.663
BLAST BLA ST
1.524
DOE2 DOE2
1.500
SRES 0.800 SRES
H
SERIRES
MWH
SERIRES
MW
S3PA S 0.614 S3PA S
1.085
1.000 TA SE
TA SE
APA CHE 0.400 A PACHE
0.500
0.200 0.159
0.111 0.099 0.085
0.000
0.000 0.000
Cases 220-215 (external emissivity) Cases 215-200 (internal emissivity)
1.600 1.400
1.260
1.397
1.400
1.200
1.200
ESP 1.000 ESP
BLA ST BLA ST
1.000 0.820
DOE2 DOE2
SRES 0.800 SRES
0.735
MWH
H
SERIRES SERIRES
MW
0.800 0.656 0.645
0.710 S3PAS S3PA S
TRNSYS 0.600 TRNSYS
TA SE TA SE
0.600
APACHE 0.400 A PACHE
0.400 0.295
0.184 0.167 0.200

0.200 0.141
0.118
0.000
0.000 0.000
Cases 220-210 (internal emissivity) Cases 230-220 (infiltration)
1.400 4.000
1.333
3.615
3.525 3.531 3.522 3.543 3.527 3.540
3.432 3.456
3.500
1.200
3.000
1.000 ESP ESP
0.916
BLAST BLAST
2.500
DOE2 DOE2
0.800 0.743 SRES SRES
MWH
0.687 SERIRES
H
SERIRES
MW
0.656 2.000
S3PA S S3PA S
0.488 TASE TA SE
0.470 1.500
0.400 A PA CHE APA CHE
1.000
0.200
0.500
0.000 0.000
Cases 240-220 (internal gains) Cases 250-220 (external solar absorptance)
0.000
0.000
-0.200
-0.500
-0.400 ESP
ESP
BLA ST
BLA ST
DOE2
-0.600 DOE2 -1.000
SRES
SRES
MWH
SERIRES
MWH
SERIRES
-0.800 S3PAS
S3PA S
TRNSYS
TRNSYS -1.500
-1.476 -1.474 -1.448 TA SE
TA SE -1.494 -1.523
-1.000 -1.533
EnergyPlus
EnergyPlus
-1.699 APACHE
A PACHE -1.763
-1.200
-1.206 -1.221 -1.203 -2.000
-1.228
-1.295 -1.279
-1.400 -1.339 -1.333 -1.341
-2.193
-1.600 -2.500
Cases 270-220 (south window replaces opaque panel) Cases 280-270 (internal solar absorptance)
0.000 0.700
0.596
0.600
-0.500
ESP 0.500 ESP

-1.000 BLAST BLAST
DOE2 DOE2
SRES 0.400 SRES
H
H
MW
MW
-1.500
S3PA S 0.311 S3PA S
0.291
TA SE TASE
0.228 0.232
-1.948
APA CHE 0.195 A PA CHE
0.200
0.165
-2.207
-2.285 -2.250
-2.350
-2.500 -2.434
-2.493 0.100
-2.761
-3.000 0.000
49
Cases 320-270 (cooling setpoint) Cases 290-270 (south window overhang)
0.000 0.250
-0.100
0.198
0.200
-0.200
ESP ESP
-0.300 BLAST BLA ST
DOE2 0.150 DOE2
-0.400 SRES SRES
H
SERIRES
MWH
SERIRES
MW
S3PA S S3PA S
-0.500 TRNSY S TRNSYS
0.100 TA SE
TA SE 0.088 0.085
-0.577
APA CHE 0.067 0.064 A PACHE
-0.651 -0.649
-0.700
-0.699 0.050
-0.721 -0.729
0.029
-0.757 0.022
-0.800 -0.779 0.020
-0.900 0.000
Figure 212: Low Mass In-Depth Sensitivity Tests: Annual Heating - Figure 213 Low Mass In-Depth Sensitivity Tests: Annual Heating -
Cases 300-270 (east/west windows) Cases 310-300 (east/west side-fins & overhangs)
0.700 1.600
0.590 1.400 1.349

0.600
1.200
0.500 ESP ESP
BLA ST BLA ST
DOE2 1.000 DOE2
0.400 SRES SRES
MWH
H
SERIRES SERIRES
MW
0.800
S3PAS S3PA S
0.297
0.300 TRNSYS TRNSYS
0.251 0.246 TA SE 0.600 TA SE
0.460
0.200 APACHE A PACHE
0.175
0.147 0.400 0.350
0.328
0.250
0.201
0.100 0.077
0.200
0.044
0.000 0.000
Figure 214: Low Mass In-Depth Sensitivity Tests: Peak Heating - Figure 215: Low Mass In-Depth Sensitivity Tests: Peak Heating -
1.200 0.060
1.119 0.050
0.040
1.000
0.030
0.024
0.021
0.812 ESP 0.020 ESP
0.787 0.778 0.784 0.779 0.011
0.800 BLAST BLA ST
DOE2 0.000 DOE2
0.647 SRES 0.000 SRES
MWH
SERIRES SERIRES
MW
0.600
S3PA S S3PA S
TA SE TA SE

0.200
-0.060 -0.057
0.000 -0.080
0.090 0.700
0.080
0.080 0.603
0.600
0.070
0.062 0.500
ESP ESP
0.059
0.060 BLA ST BLAST
DOE2 DOE2
0.389
SRES 0.400 SRES
0.050
MWH
MWH
SERIRES SERIRES
0.041 0.042 0.325
S3PAS 0.307 0.308 S3PA S
0.040 0.037 TRNSYS TRNSY S
0.300
TA SE TA SE

0.020 0.136
0.100 0.076
0.010
0.000
0.000 0.000
0.700 2.000
0.632 1.811
1.800
1.704
0.600
1.584 1.584 1.587
1.600 1.556
1.519 1.529 1.506
0.500 ESP ESP

1.400
BLAST BLA ST
0.402 DOE2 DOE2
1.200
0.400 SRES SRES
0.356
MWH
SERIRES
H
SERIRES
MW
0.328 1.000
0.307 S3PA S S3PA S
TASE 0.800
TA SE
0.195 A PA CHE 0.600
0.200 A PACHE
0.166
0.400
0.100
0.200
0.000 0.000
50
0.000 0.006
0.005
0.004
-0.050
ESP 0.002 ESP

BLA ST BLA ST
DOE2 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 DOE2
-0.100
SRES 0.000 SRES
H
H
SERIRES SERIRES
MW
MW
S3PA S -0.001 -0.001 -0.001 S3PAS

TRNSYS -0.002 TRNSYS
-0.150 TA SE TA SE
A PACHE -0.004 APACHE
-0.182 -0.180 -0.183 -0.183 -0.184

-0.189 -0.187
-0.200
-0.200 -0.200
-0.006
-0.007
-0.250 -0.008
0.250 0.030
0.218
0.200 0.025 0.024
0.021
ESP ESP
0.150 BLAST 0.020 BLAST
DOE2 DOE2
SRES SRES
SERIRES SERIRES
H
H
MW
MW
0.100 0.015
S3PA S S3PA S
TRNSY S TRNSY S
TA SE TA SE
0.050 EnergyPlus 0.010 EnergyPlus

APA CHE APA CHE
0.018
0.005
0.000
0.000 0.005
-0.004 -0.003 0.003
-0.008
0.001 0.001 0.001
-0.034 0.000 0.000
-0.050 0.000
0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
0.000 0.010
0.009
0.008
-0.001
0.006
-0.001 ESP ESP

0.004
BLAST BLA ST
DOE2 DOE2
0.002
-0.002 SRES SRES
0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
MWH
SERIRES
MWH
SERIRES
0.000
S3PA S S3PA S
-0.002 -0.002 -0.002
TA SE TA SE
-0.003 APA CHE -0.004 A PACHE
-0.006
-0.003
-0.003 -0.003
-0.008
-0.008
-0.009
-0.004 -0.010
0.300 0.002
0.001 0.001 0.001
0.259
0.250 0.000 0.000 0.000

0.000
0.200 ESP ESP

BLA ST -0.002 BLAST
0.151 DOE2 DOE2
0.150 SRES SRES
MWH
SERIRES
MWH
SERIRES
-0.004
S3PAS S3PA S
0.100 TRNSYS TRNSY S
TA SE TA SE
0.032
0.020
-0.007
0.005
-0.001 0.000 -0.008
0.000
-0.008
-0.009
-0.050 -0.010
51
Figures 228 255

Cooling
52
Figure 228: Low Mass In-Depth Sensitivity Tests: Annual Cooling - Figure 229: Low Mass In-Depth Sensitivity Tests: Annual Cooling -
0.300 0.050
0.008
0.000
0.000
0.250 0.241 -0.018 -0.016

-0.050
-0.048
0.211
0.203 ESP -0.100 ESP
0.200 0.192 0.190 -0.100
0.185 BLAST BLA ST
DOE2 -0.150 DOE2
SRES SRES
0.156
H
SERIRES
MWH
SERIRES
MW
0.150 -0.200
S3PA S S3PA S
TRNSY S TRNSYS
-0.250 TA SE
TA SE
-0.350
0.050
-0.400
-0.408
0.000 -0.450
0.100 0.180
0.012 0.160 0.154

0.000
0.000
-0.018 -0.015 0.140

-0.028
ESP ESP
-0.100 BLA ST 0.120 BLAST
-0.104
DOE2 DOE2
SRES 0.100 SRES
0.090
MWH
SERIRES
H
SERIRES 0.088
MW
-0.200
S3PAS S3PA S
0.080 TRNSY S
TRNSYS 0.072
0.069
TA SE TA SE
-0.300 EnergyPlus 0.060 EnergyPlus

0.038
0.040
-0.400
0.020
-0.453
-0.500 0.000
0.100 0.350
0.088 0.311
0.090 0.086 0.304 0.304 0.303 0.302
0.300 0.293
0.286
0.275
0.080 0.268
0.073
0.069 0.250
0.070 ESP ESP
BLAST BLAST
DOE2 DOE2
0.060
SRES 0.200 SRES
H
SERIRES SERIRES
H
MW
MW
0.050
S3PA S S3PA S
0.042
0.040 TASE TA SE
0.030 A PA CHE 0.100 APA CHE
0.024
0.020
0.050
0.010
0.000 0.000
0.450 3.500
0.412 0.411
0.400 3.027
0.374 0.377 3.000
0.371
0.362
2.697
0.350 0.334
ESP 2.500 ESP

0.300 BLA ST BLA ST
2.097 2.096
0.261 DOE2 DOE2
1.947
SRES 2.000 1.844 SRES
0.250
0.229 1.778 1.752
H
H
SERIRES SERIRES
MW
MW
1.644
S3PA S S3PAS
0.200 TRNSYS 1.500 TRNSYS
TA SE TA SE
0.150 EnergyPlus Energy Plus

0.100
0.500
0.050
0.000 0.000
10.000 0.000
9.515
9.001
9.000
-0.500
7.969 8.061 8.027 8.031
7.854
8.000
7.342
ESP -1.000 ESP

7.000
BLAST BLAST
6.000 DOE2 DOE2

SRES -1.500 SRES
SERIRES SERIRES
H
H
MW
MW
5.000
S3PA S S3PA S
TRNSY S -2.000 TRNSY S
4.000 TA SE TASE
3.000 APA CHE A PA CHE
-2.500
-2.457
-2.655
2.000
-2.775 -2.801
-3.000
-2.990 -3.003
1.000
-3.236
-3.317
0.000 -3.500
53
0.000 0.000
-0.500
-0.500
-1.000 ESP ESP

BLAST BLA ST
DOE2 -1.000 DOE2
-1.500 SRES SRES
H
SERIRES
MWH
SERIRES
MW
S3PA S S3PA S
-1.283
-1.500 TA SE
TA SE
-1.659 A PACHE
-2.500 APA CHE
-2.467
-1.892
-2.000
-2.764 -2.808 -2.808 -2.002
-3.000 -2.881 -2.065
-2.107
-3.046 -3.051
-2.261
-3.252 -2.324
-3.500 -2.500
0.000 0.000
-0.500 -0.500
-1.000 ESP -1.000 ESP

BLA ST BLA ST
DOE2 -1.266 DOE2
-1.500 SRES -1.500 -1.405 SRES
-1.529
MWH
H
SERIRES -1.570 SERIRES
MW
-1.629
S3PAS S3PA S
-2.000 TRNSYS -2.000 TRNSYS
-1.974 -1.994
TA SE TA SE
-2.500 APACHE -2.500 A PACHE
-2.834
-3.000 -2.933 -3.000
-2.946
-3.043 -3.036
-3.163
-3.226 -3.250
-3.310
-3.500 -3.500
Figure 242: Low Mass In-Depth Sensitivity Tests: Peak Cooling - Figure 243: Low Mass In-Depth Sensitivity Tests: Peak Cooling -
0.400 0.050
0.016
0.000
0.000
0.350 0.336
-0.010 -0.008
0.305 0.306 0.309 -0.050 -0.033

-0.043
0.300 0.289
0.278
ESP -0.100 ESP
BLAST BLA ST
0.250
DOE2 -0.150 DOE2
0.212 SRES SRES

MWH
SERIRES SERIRES
MW
0.200 -0.200
S3PA S S3PA S
TRNSY S TRNSYS
-0.250 TA SE
0.150 TA SE
0.100
-0.350
0.050
-0.400 -0.387
0.000 -0.450
0.100 0.250
0.236
0.021
0.000 -0.001
0.000
-0.005 -0.005 0.200
-0.033
ESP ESP
-0.100 BLA ST BLAST
0.149
DOE2 0.150 0.144 DOE2
0.140
SRES SRES
MWH
SERIRES
H
SERIRES
MW
-0.200
S3PAS 0.111 S3PAS
TRNSYS TRNSY S
0.100 TASE
TA SE
0.083
-0.300 EnergyPlus EnergyPLus
APACHE 0.066 A PA CHE
0.050
-0.400
-0.447
-0.500 0.000
0.300 0.600
0.535 0.536 0.529 0.536 0.530

0.518
0.499
0.250 0.241 0.500 0.480 0.485
ESP ESP
0.200 BLAST 0.400 BLA ST
DOE2 DOE2
SRES SRES
0.149 0.150
MWH
SERIRES
H
SERIRES
MW
0.150 0.300
S3PA S S3PA S
0.111
TASE TA SE
0.084
A PA CHE A PACHE
0.071
0.050 0.100
0.000 0.000
54
0.250 4.000
3.699
3.500
0.200 0.200
0.200
0.181 0.182 0.183 0.183 0.184 0.184
0.179 3.000
2.800
ESP ESP
BLA ST BLA ST
2.500
0.150 DOE2 DOE2
SRES SRES
2.049
1.975
H
MWH
SERIRES SERIRES
MW
2.000 1.870
S3PA S S3PAS
1.668
TRNSYS TRNSYS
0.100 TA SE
1.500 TA SE
1.000
0.050
0.500
0.000 0.000
Figure 250: Low Mass Primitive Diagnostic Test: Peak Cooling - Figure 251: Low Mass Primitive Diagnostic Test: Peak Cooling -
7.000 0.000
6.625
5.796 5.894
6.000
5.604 5.585 5.654
5.475 5.471 -0.500
5.000 ESP ESP

BLAST BLAST
DOE2 -1.000 DOE2
4.000 SRES SRES
SERIRES SERIRES
H
H
MW
MW
S3PA S S3PA S
TA SE -1.500 TASE
-1.631
2.000 APA CHE A PA CHE
-1.873
-2.000 -1.912
-2.010 -1.978
-2.014
1.000
-2.208 -2.189
0.000 -2.500
Figure 252: Low Mass In-Depth Sensitivity Tests: Peak Cooling - Figure 253 Low Mass In-Depth Sensitivity Tests: Peak Cooling -
0.000 0.000
-0.100
-0.100 -0.087 -0.086
-0.119
-0.200
ESP ESP
-0.174
BLAST -0.200 BLA ST
-0.300
DOE2 DOE2
SRES -0.246 -0.240 SRES
MWH
SERIRES SERIRES
MW
-0.400 -0.300
S3PA S S3PA S
TA SE TA SE
-0.500
APA CHE A PACHE
-0.600 -0.586
-0.621
-0.635 -0.636 -0.500
-0.655
-0.700
-0.695
-0.726
-0.750 -0.561
-0.800 -0.600
Figure 254: Low Mass In-Depth Sensitivity Tests: Peak Cooling - Figure 255: Low Mass Primitive Diagnostic Test: Peak Cooling -
0.000 0.000
-0.200
-0.500
-0.400 -0.344
-1.000 ESP -0.406
ESP
-0.471
BLA ST BLAST
DOE2 -0.600 -0.556 -0.558 DOE2
-1.500 SRES SRES
-0.667 -0.689
MWH
SERIRES
H
SERIRES
MW
-0.800
S3PAS S3PA S
-2.000 TRNSYS TRNSY S
-1.938
TA SE -1.000 TA SE
-2.500 APACHE APA CHE

-2.483 -2.486 -2.506 -1.200
-2.548 -2.577
-3.000 -2.895
-2.952 -1.400
-1.504
-3.500 -1.600
55
Figures 256 - 267

Heating
56
Cases 400-395 (opaque panel replaces wall) Cases 410-400 (infiltration)
3.500 2.000
1.798 1.770 1.781

1.800 1.760 1.761 1.759
1.736 1.732
2.935 1.696
3.000
2.767 2.772
1.600
2.625
2.487
2.500 ESP ESP
2.320 2.311 1.400
2.276
BLA ST BLAST
DOE2 DOE2
1.200
2.000 1.916 SRES SRES
MWH
SERIRES
MWH
SERIRES
1.000
S3PAS S3PA S
TA SE 0.800 TA SE
0.400
0.500
0.200
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
-0.200
-0.200
-0.400
-0.400
ESP -0.600 ESP
BLAST BLA ST
-0.600 DOE2 DOE2
-0.800
SRES SRES
SERIRES
H
MWH
SERIRES
MW
-0.800 -1.000
S3PA S S3PAS
TRNSY S TRNSYS
-1.122 -1.112 -1.131
TASE -1.200
-1.000 -1.187 -1.187 TA SE
-1.197
A PA CHE -1.400 -1.324
-1.353 APACHE
-1.200
-1.239 -1.222 -1.600

-1.263 -1.245
-1.298 -1.300
-1.400 -1.355 -1.361 -1.361
-1.800
-1.869
-1.600 -2.000
0.000 0.450
0.426
0.400
-0.500
0.350
ESP ESP
BLAST 0.300 BLAST
0.280 0.277
0.270
-1.000 DOE2 DOE2
SRES 0.250 SRES
H
-1.133 -1.148
MW
MW
0.214 0.215
S3PA S S3PA S
-1.500 TA SE TASE
0.153
-1.590 EnergyPlus 0.150 EnergyPlus
-1.628
-1.715 APA CHE A PA CHE
-1.780
0.100
-2.000 -1.952 -1.940
-2.118 0.050
-2.500 0.000
57
1.400 1.000
1.310 1.318
1.250 0.885
0.900
0.844
1.200 1.148 1.138
1.115 0.792 0.792 0.794
1.079 0.800 0.778
1.071 0.758 0.757
0.734
1.000 ESP 0.700 ESP

BLA ST BLAST
0.805 DOE2 0.600 DOE2

0.800 SRES SRES
SERIRES SERIRES
kW
kW
0.500
S3PAS S3PA S
0.400 TA SE
TA SE
0.400
0.200
0.200
0.100
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.012
0.011
0.010
-0.050
ESP 0.008 ESP

BLA ST BLA ST
-0.100 DOE2 DOE2

SRES 0.006 SRES
SERIRES SERIRES
kW
kW
S3PAS S3PAS
-0.150 TA SE TA SE
Series8 APACHE
A PACHE 0.002 Energy Plus
-0.182 -0.180 -0.183 -0.183 -0.182
-0.183
-0.188
-0.200
-0.200 -0.200 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
0.000
-0.001
-0.250 -0.002
0.250 0.025
0.217 0.022
0.200 0.020 0.019
ESP ESP
0.150 BLAST 0.015 BLAST
DOE2 DOE2
SRES SRES
SERIRES SERIRES
kW
kW
0.100 0.010
S3PA S S3PA S
TRNSY S TRNSY S
TA SE TASE
0.005
APA CHE A PA CHE
0.016 0.002 0.002
0.006
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
-0.005 -0.004 -0.005 -0.007 -0.001
-0.029
-0.050 -0.005
58
Figures 268 - 279

Cooling
59
0.050 0.030
0.045
0.045 0.044 0.026
0.025
0.040 0.023 0.023
0.022
0.021 0.021
0.034 ESP
0.035 0.033 ESP
0.032 BLA ST 0.020 0.019 BLAST
0.030
0.029 DOE2 DOE2
0.030
SRES SRES
SERIRES
H
H
SERIRES
MW
MW
0.025 0.015
S3PAS S3PA S
TRNSYS TRNSY S
0.020 TA SE
TA SE
Energy Plus 0.010 EnergyPlus
0.010
0.005
0.005
0.002
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.120 0.800
0.732
0.105 0.104
0.700
0.100
0.090
0.088
0.600
0.081 ESP 0.531 ESP
0.078 0.515
0.080 BLAST BLA ST
0.496
0.500 0.470
DOE2 0.460 DOE2
SRES SRES
0.409
SERIRES 0.395
H
MWH
SERIRES
MW
0.060 0.400 0.371

S3PA S S3PAS
TRNSY S TRNSYS
TASE TA SE
0.041 0.300
0.040 EnergyPlus Energy Plus
A PA CHE APACHE
0.200
0.020
0.011 0.100
0.000 0.000
8.000 0.000
7.280
7.000 6.657 6.574

-0.500
5.929 5.875 5.903 5.861

6.000 5.816
5.595
ESP ESP
BLAST -1.000 BLAST
5.000 DOE2 DOE2
SRES SRES
SERIRES SERIRES
H
H
MW
MW
4.000 -1.500
S3PA S S3PA S
TRNSY S TRNSY S
3.000 TA SE TASE
APA CHE A PA CHE
-2.094
2.000 -2.170
-2.261
-2.345
-2.500
1.000 -2.500 -2.517
-2.604
-2.760
0.000 -3.000
60
0.350 0.180
0.166
0.160
0.291 0.151
0.300 0.148 0.148
0.278
0.272 0.138
0.265 0.140
0.256 0.130
0.251
0.250 ESP ESP
0.227 0.118
BLA ST 0.120 BLAST
0.219 0.112
DOE2 DOE2
0.200 SRES 0.100 SRES
SERIRES SERIRES
kW
kW
S3PAS S3PA S
0.080 TRNSY S
0.150 TRNSYS
TA SE TA SE
Energy Plus 0.060 EnergyPlus
0.040 0.035
0.050
0.020
0.000
0.000 0.000
0.250 1.800
0.233 1.657
0.223 0.224
0.218 0.215 0.215
0.214 1.600
0.211
0.200 0.195
1.400
1.235 ESP
ESP
BLAST 1.200 BLA ST
0.150 DOE2 DOE2

SRES 1.000 SRES
SERIRES SERIRES
kW
kW
0.849 0.861 0.851
S3PA S 0.796 S3PAS
0.715 0.701
0.100 TASE 0.637 TA SE
EnergyPlus 0.600 Energy Plus
A PA CHE APACHE
0.400
0.050
0.200
0.000 0.000
7.000 0.000
6.000 5.772
-0.500
5.229
5.065
5.000 4.701 4.711 ESP ESP
4.688 4.660
BLAST BLAST
4.193 4.234
DOE2 -1.000 DOE2
4.000 SRES SRES
SERIRES SERIRES
kW
kW
S3PA S S3PA S
TA SE -1.500 TASE
-1.541 -1.534
-1.648
2.000 APA CHE -1.709 A PA CHE
-1.774 -1.800
-1.821
-2.000 -1.936
1.000
0.000 -2.500
61
Figures 280 - 293
High-mass In-Depth Sensitivity Tests Cases 800-950:

Heating
62
Figure 280: Basic and In-Depth Sensitivity Tests: Annual Heating - Figure 281: High Mass Basic and In-Depth Sensitivity Tests: Annual
Cases 800-430 (mass effect with opaque panel) Heating - Cases 900-800 (south window replaces opaque panel)
0.000 0.000
-0.100
-1.000
-0.200 ESP ESP

BLAST -2.000 BLA ST
DOE2 DOE2
-0.300 SRES SRES
H
SERIRES
H
SERIRES
MW
MW
-3.000
S3PA S S3PA S
TA SE TA SE
-3.698
EnergyPlus -4.000 -3.820 EnergyPlus

-0.501 -4.343 -4.285
-0.525 -4.431
-0.535 -4.612
-0.560 -4.714
-0.561 -0.567 -5.000 -4.821
-0.600 -0.586
-0.599
-5.356
-0.649
-0.700 -6.000
Figure 282: High Mass Basic and In-Depth Sensitivity Tests: Annual Figure 283: High Mass Basic and In-Depth Sensitivity Tests: Annual
Heating - Cases 900-810 (internal solar absorptance) Heating - Cases 910-610 (mass effect with shaded south window)
0.000 0.000
-0.500
-0.200
-1.000
ESP ESP
-0.400 BLA ST BLAST
DOE2 -1.500 DOE2
SRES SRES
SERIRES
MWH
H
SERIRES
MW
-0.600 -2.000
S3PAS S3PA S
TRNSYS TRNSY S
-0.669
TA SE -2.500 TA SE
-0.800 Energy Plus EnergyPlus

APACHE APA CHE
-0.836 -0.840 -2.780
-3.000 -2.908 -2.873
-2.944
-0.912 -0.921 -3.041 -3.087
-3.106
-3.163
-1.000
-0.992 -3.338
-1.016 -3.500
-3.532
-1.107
-1.200 -4.000
Heating - Cases 920-620 (mass effect with east/west windows) Heating - Cases 930-630 (mass effect with shaded east/west
windows)
0.000
0.000
-0.200
-0.200
-0.400
ESP
-0.600 -0.400 ESP
BLAST
BLA ST
DOE2
DOE2
-0.800 SRES
-0.600 SRES
MWH
SERIRES
MWH
SERIRES
S3PA S
-1.000 -0.712 S3PA S
TRNSY S
-0.800 TRNSYS
TA SE
TA SE
-1.200 EnergyPlus
-0.884 EnergyPlus
APA CHE -0.907
-0.927
-1.000 A PACHE
-1.300 -1.297 -1.297 -1.007
-1.329 -1.012
-1.400 -1.348
-1.054
-1.428 -1.446
-1.461 -1.134 -1.128
-1.200
-1.600
-1.273
-1.689 -1.676
-1.800 -1.400
Figure 286: High Mass Basic and In-Depth Sensitivity Tests: Annual
Heating - Cases 940-640 (mass effect with south window & night set-
back)
0.000
-0.500
ESP
-1.000 BLA ST
DOE2
SRES
MWH
SERIRES
-1.500
S3PAS
TRNSYS
TA SE
-2.000 -1.867 -1.886 Energy Plus
-1.958 -1.963 -1.986
-2.024 APACHE
-2.179
-2.304 -2.269
-2.500 -2.392
-3.000
63
Figure 287: High Mass Basic and In-Depth Sensitivity Tests: Peak Figure 288: High Mass Basic and In-Depth Sensitivity Tests: Peak
Heating - Cases 800-430 (mass effect with opaque panel) Heating - Cases 900-800 (south window replaces opaque panel)
0.000 0.000
-0.050
-0.050
-0.100
ESP -0.107 ESP
BLAST BLA ST
DOE2 -0.150 -0.142 DOE2
-0.100
SRES SRES
-0.113 SERIRES SERIRES
kW
kW
-0.200
S3PA S S3PA S
TRNSY S TRNSYS
-0.150 -0.141 -0.142 -0.144 TA SE TA SE
-0.151 -0.149 -0.250
-0.163 -0.265
-0.300 -0.294
-0.200
-0.198
-0.215 -0.350 -0.340

-0.352
-0.377 -0.378
-0.250 -0.400
Heating - Cases 900-810 (internal solar absorptance) Heating - Cases 910-610
0.000 0.000
-0.020
-0.100
-0.040 -0.034
ESP -0.200 ESP

-0.060 BLA ST BLA ST
-0.223
DOE2 DOE2
SRES -0.300 SRES
-0.080
SERIRES SERIRES
kW
kW
-0.089 S3PAS S3PA S

-0.100 TRNSYS TRNSYS
-0.400 -0.386
-0.101 -0.101
TA SE TA SE
-0.419
-0.113 Energy Plus -0.435 EnergyPlus
-0.120
APACHE -0.470 A PACHE
-0.500 -0.485
-0.129 -0.494
-0.140
-0.553
-0.600 -0.579 -0.579
-0.160 -0.155
-0.166
-0.180 -0.700
Heating - Cases 920-620 Heating - Cases 930-630 (mass effect with shaded east/west
windows)
0.000
0.000
-0.050
-0.050
-0.100 ESP
ESP
BLAST
BLA ST
DOE2
DOE2
-0.150 SRES -0.100
-0.150 SRES
SERIRES
kW
SERIRES
kW
S3PA S
S3PA S
-0.200 TRNSY S
TRNSYS
TA SE -0.150 -0.141
-0.214 TA SE
EnergyPlus
-0.235 EnergyPlus
-0.250 -0.238 APA CHE
-0.241 A PACHE
-0.248
-0.178
-0.264
-0.272 -0.200 -0.193 -0.191
-0.283
-0.300 -0.207
-0.209
-0.214
-0.318 -0.227
-0.237 -0.238
-0.350 -0.250
Figure 293: High Mass Basic and In-Depth Sensitivity Tests: Peak
Heating - Cases 940-640 (mass effect with south window & night set-
back)
2.500
2.000 1.845
1.500
ESP
1.000 BLA ST
DOE2
SRES
0.500
SERIRES
kW
S3PAS
0.000
TRNSYS
TA SE
-0.278 -0.230
-0.500 -0.414 Energy Plus
-0.458
-0.526 -0.581 APACHE
-0.600
-1.000
-1.252
-1.500
-1.480
-2.000
64
Figures 294 - 309
High-mass In-Depth Sensitivity Tests Cases 800-950:

Cooling
65
Cooling - Cases 800-430 (mass effect with opaque panel) Cooling - Cases 900-800 (south window replaces opaque panel)
0.000 3.500
3.193
3.000 2.893
-0.100
2.500 2.376 2.400 2.377

ESP ESP
2.278 2.274
-0.200 BLAST BLA ST
2.135
DOE2 2.019 DOE2
SRES 2.000 SRES
MWH
MWH
SERIRES SERIRES
-0.300
S3PA S S3PA S
TA SE TA SE
-0.367 -0.368
-0.393 -0.391
-0.410 APA CHE 1.000 A PACHE
-0.429 -0.432
-0.462
-0.500
0.500
-0.550
-0.600 0.000
Cooling - Cases 900-810 (internal solar absorptance) Cooling - Cases 910-610 (mass effect with shaded south window)
1.800 0.000
1.707
1.600 -0.500
1.454
1.400 -1.000
1.294
1.265
1.195 ESP ESP
1.200 BLA ST -1.500 BLAST
1.119
1.080
DOE2 DOE2
0.975 SRES SRES
1.000 -2.000
H
MWH
SERIRES SERIRES
MW S3PA S
S3PAS
0.800 -2.500 TRNSY S
TRNSYS
TA SE TA SE
0.600 Energy Plus -3.000 APA CHE

APACHE -3.094 EnergyPlus
-3.318 -3.275
0.400 -3.500 -3.336
-3.415
-3.576 -3.562
-3.739
0.200 -4.000 -3.876 -3.924
0.000 -4.500
Cooling - Cases 920-620 (mass effect with east/west windows) Cooling - Cases 930-630 (mass effect with shaded east/west
windows)
0.000
0.000
-0.200
-0.500
ESP -0.400
ESP
BLAST
BLA ST
DOE2
-1.000 -0.600 DOE2
SRES
SRES
MWH
SERIRES
MWH
SERIRES
S3PA S -0.800
S3PA S
TRNSY S -0.827
-1.500 TRNSYS
-1.476 -1.483 TA SE
-1.554 -1.545 -1.000 TA SE
-1.577 EnergyPlus
-1.000 EnergyPlus
-1.690 -1.708 APA CHE -1.050
-1.738 -1.090 A PACHE
-1.200 -1.174 -1.159
-1.894 -1.912
-2.000 -1.223 -1.218
-1.320
-1.400
-1.463
-2.500 -1.600
Cooling - Cases 940-640 (mass effect with south window & night set- Cooling - Cases 950-650 (mass effect with south window & venting)
back)
0.000
0.000
-0.500 -1.000
-1.000
-2.000 ESP
-1.500 ESP
BLA ST
BLA ST
DOE2
DOE2
-2.000 -3.000 SRES
SRES
MWH
SERIRES
MWH
SERIRES
-2.500 S3PAS
S3PAS
-4.000 TRNSYS
TRNSYS
-3.000 TA SE
TA SE
-4.429 -4.498 -4.493 Energy Plus
Energy Plus -4.614 -4.537 -4.558
-4.685 APACHE
-3.500 -5.000
APACHE -4.973
-3.647 -5.257
-3.758
-4.000 -3.873 -3.863
-3.990 -3.992 -3.990
-4.150 -6.000
-5.956
-4.500
-4.419
-4.570
-5.000 -7.000
66
Cooling - Cases 800-430 (mass effect with opaque panel) Cooling - Cases 900-800 (south window replaces opaque panel)
0.000 4.000
3.519
3.500
-0.200
-0.294 3.000
-0.400 ESP 2.715 ESP
-0.410 -0.397 2.584
BLAST 2.519 BLA ST
2.440
DOE2 2.500 DOE2
2.303 2.306 2.303
-0.600 SRES 2.188 SRES
2.099
SERIRES SERIRES
kW
kW
2.000
-0.684 S3PAS S3PAS
-0.800 TRNSYS TRNSYS
- 0.805 -0.816 TASE TASE
-0.843 1.500
-0.908 -0.908
-1.000 APACHE APACHE
1.000
-1.200
0.500
-1.220
-1.400 0.000
Cooling - Cases 900-810 (internal solar absorptance) Cooling - Cases 910-610 (mass effect with shaded south window)
4.000 0.000
3.458
3.500 -0.500
3.000 -1.000
ESP ESP
BLA ST BLAST
2.500 -1.500
DOE2 DOE2
SRES SRES
SERIRES SERIRES
kW
kW
2.000 -2.000
S3PA S S3PAS
TRNSY S TRNSYS
1.500 TA SE TASE
-2.500
1.223
1.036 1.036 A PACHE A PACHE
1.000 0.880 0.902 0.905 -3.000 -2.883
0.798
-2.999
-3.094 -3.068
0.595
-3.242
0.500 -3.324
-3.500 -3.384
-3.773 -3.728 -3.773

0.000 -4.000
Cooling - Cases 920-620 (mass effect with east/west windows) Cooling - Cases 930-630 (mass effect with shaded east/west
windows)
0.000
-0.900
-0.200
-0.950
-0.400
ESP -1.000
-0.600 ESP
BLAST
BLA ST
DOE2
-1.050 -1.036 DOE2
-0.800 SRES
SRES
SERIRES
kW
SERIRES
kW
S3PAS -1.100 -1.092

-1.000 S3PAS
TRNSYS -1.110
TRNSYS
TASE
-1.106 -1.150 TASE
-1.200 - 1.142 EnergyPlus
-1.182 -1.163 Energy Plus
APACHE -1.158
-1.226 -1.225
-1.249 -1.249 APACHE
-1.179
-1.321 -1.200
-1.400 -1.197
-1.199 -1.200 -1.199
-1.600 -1.250 -1.242

-1.591
-1.800 -1.300
Cooling - Cases 940-640 (mass effect with south window & night set- Cooling - Cases 950-650 (mass effect with south window & venting)
back)
0.000
0.000
-0.500
-0.500
-1.000
ESP
-1.000 ESP
-1.500 BLAST
BLA ST
DOE2
DOE2
-2.000 SRES
-1.500 SRES
SERIRES
kW
SERIRES
kW
S3PAS
S3PA S -2.500
TRNSYS
-2.000 TRNSY S
TASE
TA SE
-3.000 EnergyPlus
EnergyPlus
APACHE
-2.500 A PACHE -3.210
-3.500
-2.636 -3.501 -3.466
-2.737 -3.610
-3.692 -3.642
-3.000 -2.905 -2.916 -2.875
-3.852 -3.812
-3.022 -4.000
-3.118 -3.998 -3.998
-3.273 -3.314 -3.273
-3.500 -4.500
67
Figures 310 - 326
Solar radiation tests

68
Figure 310: Hourly Incident Solar Radiation South

Surface, March 5th - Cases 600 or 900
80
70 ESP
60 BLAST
DOE2
50
Wh/m 2
SRES
40
SERIRES
30
S3PAS
20 TRNSYS
10 TASE
EnergyPlus
0
APACHE
Figure 311: Hourly Incident Solar Radiation West

Surface, March 5th - Cases 600 or 900
80
70 ESP
60
BLAST
DOE2
50
Wh/m 2
SRES
40
SERIRES
30 S3PAS
20 TRNSYS
10 TASE
EnergyPlus
0
APACHE
Figure 312: Hourly Incident Solar Radiation South

Surface, July 27th - Cases 600 or 900
900
800
ESP
700 BLAST
600 DOE2
Wh/m 2
500 SRES
400 SERIRES
300 S3PAS
200
TRNSYS
100
TASE
EnergyPlus
0
APACHE
Figure 313: Hourly Incident Solar Radiation West

Surface, July 27th - Cases 600 or 900
900
800 ESP
700 BLAST
600 DOE2
Wh/m 2
500 SRES
400 SERIRES
300
S3PAS
200
TRNSYS
100
TASE
EnergyPlus
0
APACHE
69
Figure 314: Annual Incident Total Solar Figure 315: Annual Incident Total Solar
Radiation - Case 600 North Surface Radiation - Case 600 East Surface
2000 2000
1800 1800
1600 1600
ESP ESP
1400 BLAST 1400 BLAST
1217.3
DOE2 DOE2
1155 1152.75
1200 1200 1101
kWh/m 2
kWh/m 2
SRES 1083 1082 SRES
SERIRES 959 962 SERIRES
1000 1000
S3PAS S3PAS
TRNSYS TRNSYS
800 800
TASE TASE
600 600
434 456 457 453 435.86 APACHE APACHE
427 407.3
367.4
400 400
200 200
0 0
Figure 316: Annual Incident Total Solar Figure 317: Annual Incident Total Solar
Radiation - Case 600 West Surface Radiation - Case 600 South Surface
2000 2000
1800 1800
1566 1548.2
1600 1600 1522
1456 1476 1467.7 1474 1468
ESP ESP
1400 BLAST 1400 BLAST
DOE2 DOE2
1200 1090 1200
kWh/m 2
kWh/m 2
1086 1079 1080.49 SRES SRES

1003 1002 1012
SERIRES SERIRES
1000 1000
856.5 S3PAS S3PAS
TRNSYS TRNSYS
800 800
TASE TASE
600 600
APACHE APACHE
400 400
200 200
0 0
Figure 318: Annual Incident Total Solar

Radiation - Case 600 Horizontal Surface
2000
1831 1832 1831.8 1832 1832 1832 1807.64
1797
1800
1600
ESP
1400 BLAST
DOE2
1200
kWh/m 2
SRES
SERIRES
1000
S3PAS
TRNSYS
800
TASE
Energy Plus
600
APACHE
400
200
0
70
Figure 319: Annual Unshaded Transmitted Solar Figure 320: Annual Unshaded Transmitted
Radiation - Case 920 East/West Solar Radiation - Case 900 South
1200 1200
1051
984 992
1000 1000 946 962 954
926 914
ESP ESP
BLAST BLAST
800 735 800
732
706 705 DOE2 DOE2
689
662
kWh/m 2
kWh/m 2
642 SRES SRES
SERIRES SERIRES
600 563 600
S3PAS S3PAS
TRNSYS TRNSYS
TASE TASE
400 400
Ener gyPlus Ener gyPlus
APACHE APACHE
200 200
0 0
Figure 321: Annual Shaded Transmitted Solar Figure 322: Annual Shaded Transmitted Solar
Radiation - Case 930 East/West Radiation - Case 910 South
1200 1200
1000 1000
ESP 831 ESP

803 809
BLAST 785 775 782 786 BLAST
800 800 757
DOE2 DOE2
kWh/m 2
kWh/m 2
SRES SRES
599 SERIRES SERIRES
600 554 600
S3PAS S3PAS
481
441 TRNSYS TRNSYS
431 438 437
TASE TASE
400 400
APACHE APACHE
200 200
0 0
Figure 323: Annual Transmissivity Coefficient of Figure 324: Annual Transmissivity Coefficient of
Windows - Case 920 East/West Windows - Case 900 South
0.800 0.800
0.681 0.687
0.700 0.674 0.700 0.671
0.657 0.654 0.648 0.652 0.650 0.652 0.650
0.641 0.647 0.641
0.628 0.623
0.600 ESP 0.600 ESP

BLAST BLAST
0.500 DOE2 0.500 DOE2

kWh/m 2
kWh/m 2
SRES SRES
SERIRES SERIRES
0.400 0.400
S3PAS S3PAS
TRNSYS TRNSYS
0.300 TASE 0.300 TASE
0.100 0.100
0.000 0.000
Figure 325: Annual Shading Coefficient of Figure 326: Annual Shading Coefficient of
Window Shading Devices: Overhangs & Fins - Window Shading Devices: Overhangs & Fins -
Case 930/920 East/West Case 910/900 South
0.400 0.380 0.400
0.346
0.339
0.350 0.329 0.350
0.300 ESP 0.300 ESP

BLAST BLAST
DOE2 DOE2
0.250 0.250
kWh/m 2
kWh/m 2
0.216 SRES SRES

0.209 0.205 0.208
0.200 0.182 0.200 0.188 0.183
S3PAS 0.170 0.165 S3PAS
TRNSYS TRNSYS
0.150 0.150
TASE TASE
0.115
0.050 0.050
0.000 0.000
71

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1

Tests performed on ApacheSim

ApacheSim Version 5.2

Figure 1 Case 600 geometry

The following simulation variables are specified for output:

Table 1. Test cases

Case Glazing Emiss- Absorp- Internal Infiltration

5 Observations on ApacheSim Results

Refer to Figures 1-70.

Refer to Figures 71-140.

Annual free-floating temperature output

Refer to Figures 141-155.

Basic sensitivity tests cases 600-960

Refer to Figures 156-199.

is taken into account by ApacheSims diffuse shading algorithm as applied to long-wave

Low-mass in-depth sensitivity tests cases 195-320

Refer to Figures 200-255.

Low-mass in-depth sensitivity tests cases 395-440

Refer to Figures 256-279.

High mass in-depth sensitivity tests cases 800-950

Refer to Figures 280-309.

Solar radiation tests

Refer to Figures 310-326.

Appendix A. Apache simulation settings

INSTRUCTIONS: See Annex A2.

DOCUMENT BELOW THE MODELING METHODS USED IF ALTERNATIVE MODELING

Optional Settings or Modeling Capabilities:

Setting or Capability Used:

Physical Meaning of Option Used:

Optional Settings or Modeling Capabilities:

Setting or Capability Used:

Physical Meaning of Option Used:

Optional Settings or Modeling Capabilities:

Setting or Capability Used:

Physical Meaning of Option Used:

Optional Settings or Modeling Capabilities:

Setting or Capability Used:

Physical Meaning of Option Used:

Optional Settings or Modeling Capabilities:

Setting or Capability Used:

Physical Meaning of Option Used:

Optional Settings or Modeling Capabilities:

Setting or Capability Used:

Physical Meaning of Option Used:

Optional Settings or Modeling Capabilities:

Setting or Capability Used:

Physical Meaning of Option Used:

Optional Settings or Modeling Capabilities:

Setting or Capability Used:

Physical Meaning of Option Used:

Optional Settings or Modeling Capabilities:

Setting or Capability Used:

Physical Meaning of Option Used:

3.000 APA CHE 3.000 A PACHE

9.000 8.787 12.243

6.000 DOE2 DOE2

5.000 5.000 4.751

7.000 ESP 7.000 ESP

5.000 5.000 4.675

7.000 ESP 7.000 ESP

3.000 A PACHE 3.000 A PACHE

9.000 9.000 8.770

7.966 7.973 7.943

4.855 4.839 SERIRES SERIRES