WELCOME TO BSCI330!

Spring 2017
MWF 9:00 am 9:50 am

Lecturer and Laboratory Coordinator:

Dr. Hadiya Woodham
hwoodham@umd.edu
Office: BPS 2238
Office Hours: Mondays 12 pm 1 pm (except on 1/30/17)
Fridays 10:15 am 11:15 am
WELCOME TO BSCI330!

Spring 2017
MWF 9:00 am 9:50 am

BSCI330 Teaching Assistants:

Teaching Assistant Lab Section(s)
Javier Carpinteyro 0104, 0105
Kuoyuan Cheng 0102, 0107
Sanju Sinha 0108, 0109
Jurriaan VanHaaren 0101, 0106
Da Yin 0103
About BSCI330: textbooks and manuals

Lecture Textbooks (recommended)

Option 1: Option 2:
5th Edition 6th Edition

Laboratory Manual (required)

2016-2017 Edition Available through University

Bookstore (Stamp Union)
Labs begin week of 2/6/17.
About BSCI330 classes

Laboratory
~27% of total grade
~ 3 hrs/week

Lecture
~73% of total grade
~ 2.5hrs/week

~38 Total Hours of Lecture

~38 Total Hours of Lab
76 Hours of your life
 BSCI330 lecture
Online Module quizzes 100 points
20% lecture grade

Lecture Exams and the Final

500 points
80% lecture grade
 BSCI330 Exam material
All material (any image or text) presented in lecture is
technically examinable.

The textbook should be used to preview, clarify, and

review lecture material.

Chapter Key Terms/Concepts Sheets and Practice

problems should be used to test your understanding of
the lecture material and to prepare for the exams.

Laboratory material will never be covered on lecture

exams.
About BSCI330: Course components
Lecture: ELMS and Top Hat
Well use ELMS for:
General Course Information
Syllabus and Grading policies
Accessible now!
Course Announcements
www.elms.umd.edu
Lecture Material:
Lecture slides (pdfs)
Chapter Review Sheets (Key Terms/Concepts)
Helpful Animations
Practice Problems
Becomes Accessible after 2/1
Well use Top Hat for: Look for an announcement
Online Modules/Tutorials and Quizzes (outside of lecture)

Class Response/Discussion (during lecture)

About BSCI330: Course components

Laboratory Course Page: ELMS

All Laboratory Material (that is not in the lab maual)
Laboratory Exercise Review (key terms/concepts)
Post-lab Quizzes
Laboratory Assignments & Guidelines
 This Semesters Lecture Topics
Unit I: What Makes a Cell
Introduction to Cells / The study of cells
Molecules of Life and Bioenergetics EXAM I: 2/13/17
Physiology in Focus: Metabolic Disorders
Proteins

Unit II: Basic Genetic Mechanisms and Working with Cells

DNA, Chromosomes, and Genomes Online Module Quizzes
How Cells Read the Genome
Physiology in Focus: Failures of Quality control mechanisms
Control of Gene expression
Cell Biologists Toolkit EXAM II: 3/6/17
 This Semesters Lecture Topics (cont)
Unit III: Cell Borders and Compartments
Membrane Transport Online Module Quizzes
Diseases of Membrane Transport
Membrane Structure
Intracellular Compartments/protein sorting EXAM III: 4/3/17
Intracellular Vesicular Traffic

Unit IV: Cell Communication, Motility, and Life Beyond the Cell
Cell Communication
Cytoskeleton
Cell Junctions, Adhesion and the Extracellular Matrix
Cancer (part 1-2)
Cell Cycle Online Module Quizzes
Cancer (part 3)
FINAL EXAM: 5/17/17
Cummulative Lecture Exam Material
 Todays Lecture Topics:

What is Cell Biology?

Introduction to the Cell (Chapter 1)
Universal Features of Cells on Earth
Diversity of Genomes and the Tree of Life

Textbook Readings for Chapter 1:

5th edition: p. 1-42; 6th edition: p.1-39
 Todays Questions/Objectives

I. What is Cell biology and why bother

studying it?
II. What are common features of all living
cells?
III. What are features that distinguish major
classes of cells?
I
What does Cell Biology Entail?

Reactions and Interactions

Chemical Reactions Macromolecular Interactions

Structure

Anabolism Catabolism
Information
Energy input Energy output

Biosynthesis / Breakdown / Molecular

assembly disassembly Transport

Storage Communication
Processing
Propagation
I

Why Study Cells?

I
Cells are a crucial component of the hierarchy of a
organismal structure/function

Organism

YOU!
I
Organ systems are actually interconnected via a myriad
of cell communication processes
I
All diseases are disturbances at the cellular level.
- Rudolph Virchow, (1821-1902)
Father of pathology

AGING
Cellular processes form the molecular basis of human health and disease.
 Todays Questions/Objectives

I. What is Cell biology and why bother

studying it?
II. What are common features of all living
cells?
III. What are features that distinguish major
classes of cells?
II

The whole of biology is a counterpoint

between the two themes: astonishing variety in
individual particulars; astonishing constancy in
fundamental mechanisms.
-Chapter 1: Molecular Biology of the Cell, Fifth & Sixth Edition
II

If..
More than 10 million
species Cell Theory states:
Common Threads? Cells are the
Growth and functional units of
reproduction life
Communication with All living
the environment
organisms are
Acquisition and
composed of cells
assimilation of energy
Homeostasis Then.
Each of these
common threads
occurs at the cellular
level
II
8 Common Features of All Cells

1. Cells are highly organized and vary in complexity.

2. Cells possess a genetic program.
3. Cells are capable of producing more of themselves.
4. Cells are biochemical factories that constantly acquire
and utilize energy.
5. Cells engage in mechanical activities.
6. Cells are able to respond to stimuli.
7. Cells are capable of self regulation.

8. Evolution first happens at the level of molecules and cells.

II Feature # 1:
Cells are highly organized, vary in complexity

Typical Plant Cell Typical Animal Cell Typical Bacterial Cell

Electron micrographs of 3 types of cells

 Feature # 1 (cont)
II
A typical animal cell

Figure 1-30 Molecular Biology of the Cell, Fifth Edition ( Garland Science 2008)
II Feature # 1 (cont)
Cells are constructed from a
hierarchy of molecular organization
II
Feature #2: Cells possess a
genetic program

Consider these unfertilized eggs from three different specie

Seaweed?
Sea urchin?
Mouse?
II Feature # 2 (cont)

Genetic program Genetic program Genetic program

Figure 1-1 Molecular Biology of the Cell, Fifth Edition ( Garland Science 2008)

Organisms are built according to information

stored in a collection of genes
Hereditary information defines a species
II The fundamental molecular mechanisms by which
genetic programs are carried out are identical among
all cell types.

Figure 1-2 Molecular Biology of the Cell, Fifth Edition ( Garland Science 2008)

All cells speak the same hereditary language

II Feature # 2 (cont)
Cells transcribe their hereditary information into
chemically similar, short-lived copies

Fixed set of DNA molecules Working RNA copies

Figure 1-5 Molecular Biology of the Cell, Fifth Edition ( Garland Science 2008)
 Feature # 2 (cont)
II Proteins carry out the tasks specified by
DNA and are the workhorses of the cell
Central Dogma

Flow of information
Specified
task

Figure 1-4 Molecular Biology of the Cell, Fifth Edition ( Garland Science 2008)
II Feature # 4:
Cells are biochemical factories constantly
acquiring and assimilating energy
Cells must accomplish this in a universe that favors this .

Biological order Disorder

II
8 Common Features of All Cells

1. Cells are highly organized and vary in complexity.

2. Cells possess a genetic program.
3. Cells are capable of producing more of themselves.
4. Cells are biochemical factories that constantly acquire
and utilize energy.
5. Cells engage in mechanical activities.
6. Cells are able to respond to stimuli.
7. Cells are capable of self regulation.

8. Evolution first happens at the level of molecules and cells.

 Todays Questions/Objectives

I. What is Cell biology and why bother

studying it?
II. What are common features of all living
cells?
III. What are features that distinguish major
classes of cells?
III In terms of basic structural
organization, all cells fall into one of
two major categories of existence.
Prokaryotic Cells
1 5 m in size

Lack distinct nucleus

Lack detailed internal

organization

Eukaryotic Cells
10 - 100m in
diameter

Nucleus

Highly structured e.g. Plant cell

internal
organization
e.g. Animal cell
III
Note: Cell size can only be but so large
size constraints: surface area to volume ratio

Surface-area-to-volume ratio requires that cells be relatively small:

a. As cells get larger in volume, relative surface

area actually decreases
b. Limits how large actively metabolizing cells can become

c. Larger cells needing greater surface area use

modifications such as membrane folding
III Prokaryotes:
Evolutionarily optimized for rapid and efficient reproduction

Figure 1-18a Molecular Biology of the Cell, Fifth Edition ( Garland Science 2008)

Most biochemically diverse among all organisms:

Organotrophs: obtain Phototrophs: obtain

energy by feeding on energy by using
living things or organic sunlight to convert
material Lithotrophs: obtain inorganic substances
energy by converting into organic material
inorganic chemicals
into organic material
III

Prokaryotes:
Have relatively small and simplified genomes:
DNA is not enclosed by any membrane
Genome is contained within a single circular DNA molecule
Genome size: 500,000 10 million base pairs
III Prokaryotes: Actually form two separate domains of life:
Bacteria and Archaea

Bacteria vs Archaea: The Differences

Living Environment
Archaea can survive in
harsher environments (e.g.,
high salt, extreme
temperatures)

Structural
cell wall components
plasma membrane lipids

Bacteria vs Archaea: The Similarities Genetic Machinery:

Overall appearance (size, Organization of genome
shape) Replication, transcription,
Reproduction Translation
Metabolic Diversity
Both domains include
photo-, litho-, and
organotrophs