Ciara Williams

Delores

Skyla

AP Biology

Mrs.Carignan

November 8, 2016

The Properties Of Water

Good Solvent

Floats when Solid

High Specific Heat

High Heat of Vaporization

Cohesion and Adhesion

What it is

Good Solvent ( Solubility) : Polar water surrounds positive and negative ions. Solubility is the

property of a solid, liquid, or gaseous chemical substance called solute to dissolve in a solid,

liquid, or gaseous solvent. The solubility of a substance is an entirely different property from the

rate of solution, which is how fast it dissolves. Hydrophilic Substances, such as salt, sugar, and

vinegar will dissolve in water. (matter long period of time) Polar molecules will be attracted to

water because it is also polar, The unequal sharing of electrons gives the water molecule a slight

negative charge near its oxygen atom and a slight positive charge near its hydrogen atoms.

Hydrophobic substances, such as, alkanes, oils, and fats, are nonpolar, making water not attracted

to it, therefore they will not dissolve in water.

 Ex: Na(+)Cl(-) (Salt)

The positive hydrogen atoms will surround the chlorine atoms and

the negative oxygen atoms will surround the sodium atoms

Floats when Solid : Low density in the solid form of water; Ice. Most substances are more dense

when they are solid, but water is the exception because it expands and because of its

intermolecular forces. Intermolecular forces are forces of attraction or repulsion acting between

neighboring particles such as; atoms, molecules, or ions. Water contains hydrogen bonds

between the H (hydrogen) of one atom and the O (oxygen) of another atom. This is why Oceans

and lakes don't freeze, the surface ice insulates water below, which allows water organisms to

continue to life below the surface, through winter. If ice sank, than ponds, oceans, lakes and any

other water on earth would freeze solid, and by summer only the top few inches of them would

thaw.

High Specific Heat: Water thoroughly resists changes in temperature, thus moderating earths

climate. It takes about 4.184 Joules to change the temperature of one gram of water by one

degree celsius, from this we know it takes a lot to heat water up, but it also takes a lot to cool it

down, Water moderates temperature on earth.

High Heat of Vaporization : Water heats and cools slowly because It takes a lot to change its

state, Water steams when under a lot of heat, which causes high heat of vaporization. Once the

high specific heat is met, water molecules are moving around at drastically different rates, and it

takes even more energy to change one gram of water into a gas or a solid.
Cohesion and Adhesion: Cohesion: hydrogen is bonding between weaker molecules, water is

considered a sticky molecule because the hydrogen and oxygen stick to each other. Cohesion

allows transpiration to occur by pulling molecules behind it along with adhesion in transpiration

the water molecules stick to the side of the xylem and creep up the side on it, against gravity.

Cohesion Helps light objects float because the water molecules are so densely packed that light

hydrophobic material cant break through the molecules, such a wood. In fact even smaller

organisms cant move in between the molecules. Water is strongly bonded when in large mass,

which is what causes surface tension. Surface tension: when the surface water molecules have

seemingly stronger bonds and allow floating of less dense objects or organisms. Water is More

solid at its surface (Causes Pain when belly flopping) Adhesion: hydrogen bonding between

water and other substances, which makes the molecules stick to things or surfaces, such as

people, windows, cars, etc. Capillary action is a good example of Adhesion, Capillary action is

described as the spontaneous flow of a liquid ( such as water) into a narrow tube or through

porous material. Capillary action is similar to transpiration, it allows water molecules to move

upwards, against gravity through a tube or against a porous surface by the combination of

cohesive forces between the liquid and the adhesive forces between the liquid and tube material.

These forces pull the liquid into the tube.

Pictures:

Water

Good Solvent
Ice Floats when Solid

High Specific Heat

High Heat of Vaporization

Cohesion and Adhesion

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8P9hAN-teOU

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3jwAGWky98c

https://s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/236x/94/e5/cc/94e5cc4120d7bdf3b6245b8e71825ff5.jpg