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Newtons Law of Cooling

1. According to Newtons law of cooling, the rate at which a substance cools in a fluid is proportional to
the difference between the temperature of the substance and that of the cooling medium. A
thermometer reading 8 C is brought into a room, the temperature of which is 21 C. One minute
later, the temperature reading is 0 C. Determine the temperature reading 5 min after the
thermometer is brought into the room.

2. A 22.7 kg iron ball is heated at a uniform temperature of 93 C and is immediately plunged into a vessel
containing 45 kg of water whose temperature is 5 C. The specific heat of iron is 0.896 kJ/kg-K and for
water, 4.187 kJ/kg-K. After 5 min, the ball has an average temperature of 85 C. Find: (a) The
temperature of the ball as a function of time. (b) The temperature of the ball after 10 minutes. (c) The
common temperature approached by the ball and water as time approaches infinity.

3. A body whose temperature is 180 C is immersed in a liquid which is kept at a constant temperature of
60 C. In one minute, the temperature of the immersed body is 120 C. How long will it take for the
bodys temperature to decrease to 90 C?

4. At 11:30 am, a thermometer reading, 18 C, is brought outdoors where the temperature is 30 C. At


11:35 am, the thermometer reading is 22 C. At 11:40 am, the thermometer is taken back indoors
where the temperature is fixed at 18 C. Find (a) the reading at 11:50 am, (b) the time when the
thermometer reading drops to 18.5 C.

5. Suppose that a building absorbs heat in accordance with Newton's law of cooling. On one summer day,
the temperature inside a building is 18 oC when the cooling system fails. After 2 hours the temperature
is 27 oC . If the outside temperature is 33 oC, determine (a) the temperature inside the building as
function of time after cooling stops, (b) the time when the inside and outside temperature difference
is only a degree Celsius.

6. A 420-g stainless steel nail at a temperature of 53 C after being formed is immediately plunged into a
vessel containing 1500 g of water whose temperature is 15 C. The specific heat of stainless is 0.502
kJ/kg-K and for water, 4.187 kJ/kg-K. After 3 min, the nail has an average temperature of 30 C. Find:
(a) the temperature of the nail and the water after 6 minutes, (b) the equilibrium temperature
approached by the nail and water. (c) the time when equilibrium temperature was reached.

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