Nadia Karima Izzaty

1306369466

Dept. Teknik Sipil

3.3.1. Calculate the terminal velocity of a 0.8-mm raindrop at standard atmospheric

pressure and air temperature 200C. Air density =1.20 kg/m3.

Cd = 0.815; = 1000 3

4. .
= . ( 1)
3.

4.9.81.0.0008 1000
= . ( 1)
3. 0/815 1.2

= 3.269

3.3.6. Solve Prob. 3.3.5 for drop sizes of 0.1, 0.5, 1, and 5 mm and plot a graph showing
the variation of impact energy with drop size.

4.. 2
= 3. . ( 1) =
2

Rainfall Air
Diameter Temperature Pressure Cd Vt Fd
0.1 5.47 0.445 5.12E-09
0.5 1.365 1.995 6.40E-07
20 oC 101.3 Pa
1 0.671 4.024 5.12E-06
5 0.66 9.073 6.40E-04
 Rainfall Diameter vs. Impact Energy
7.00E-04

6.00E-04

5.00E-04

4.00E-04

3.00E-04

2.00E-04

1.00E-04

0.00E+00
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
-1.00E-04

3.4.4. The following incremental rainfall data were recorded at gage 1-WLN in Austin,
Texas, on May 24, 1981. Plot the rainfall hyetograph. Compute and plot the cumulative
rainfall hyetograph. Calculate the maximum depth and intensity of rainfall for 5, 10, 30,
60, 90, 120 minutes for this storm. Compare the results for 30, 60, and 120 minutes with
the values given in Table 3.4.1 for gage 1-Bee in the same storm. Which gage experienced
the more severe rainfall?

Cumulative Running Totals

Time Rainfall
Rainfall 5 10 30 60 90 120
0 0 0
5 0.09 0.09 0.09
10 0 0.09 0 0.09
15 0.03 0.12 0.03 0.03
20 0.13 0.25 0.13 0.16
25 0.1 0.35 0.1 0.23
30 0.13 0.48 0.13 0.23 0.48
35 0.21 0.69 0.21 0.34 0.6
40 0.37 1.06 0.37 0.58 0.97
 45 0.22 1.28 0.22 0.59 1.16
50 0.3 1.58 0.3 0.52 1.33
55 0.2 1.78 0.2 0.5 1.43
60 0.1 1.88 0.1 0.3 1.4 1.88
65 0.13 2.01 0.13 0.23 1.32 1.92
70 0.14 2.15 0.14 0.27 1.09 2.06
75 0.12 2.27 0.12 0.26 0.99 2.15
80 0.16 2.43 0.16 0.28 0.85 2.18
85 0.14 2.57 0.14 0.3 0.79 2.22
90 0.18 2.75 0.18 0.32 0.87 2.27 2.75
95 0.25 3 0.25 0.43 0.99 2.31 2.91
100 0.48 3.48 0.48 0.73 1.33 2.42 3.39
105 0.4 3.88 0.4 0.88 1.61 2.6 3.76
110 0.39 4.27 0.39 0.79 1.84 2.69 4.02
115 0.24 4.51 0.24 0.63 1.94 2.73 4.16
120 0.41 4.92 0.41 0.65 2.17 3.04 4.44 4.92
125 0.44 5.36 0.44 0.85 2.36 3.35 4.67 5.27
130 0.27 5.63 0.27 0.71 2.15 3.48 4.57 5.54
135 0.17 5.8 0.17 0.44 1.92 3.53 4.52 5.68
140 0.17 5.97 0.17 0.34 1.7 3.54 4.39 5.72
145 0.14 6.11 0.14 0.31 1.6 3.54 4.33 5.76
150 0.1 6.21 0.1 0.24 1.29 3.46 4.33 5.73
Max depth 0.48 0.48 0.88 2.36 3.54 4.67 5.76
Max
intensity 5.76 5.76 5.28 4.72 3.54 3.113333 2.88

Dibandingkan dengan Tabel 3.1.4, maka untuk 60 menit soal ini lebih tinggi intensitas dan
kedalamannya, sedangkan untuk 90 dan 120 menit lebih tinggi kedalaman di contoh Tabel
3.1.4.

Rainfall Hyetograph
0.6

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150
 Cumulative Rainfall Hyetograph
7

0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150

3.5.2. For Cairo, Egypt, in July, average net radiation is 185 W/m2, air temperature
28.5C, relative humidity 55 percent, and wind speed 2.7 m/s at height 2 m. Calculate the
open water evaporation rate in millimeters per day using the energy method (Er), the
aerodynamic method (Ea), the combination method, and the Priestley-Taylor method.
Assume standard atmospheric pressure (101.3 kPa) and Zo = 0.03 cm.

Energy Method Aerodynamic Method

= 0.0353 0.102 2
= = 0.003552
2 2
= 0.0353 185 [ln ( )]
0
= 6.5305 / 17.27
= 611. . = 3075.515
237.3 +
= = 1691.533
= ( ) = 4.916 /
Combination Method Priestley-Taylor Method
4098
= = 178.394 = . .
(237.3 + )2 +
= 6.09 / = 6.177 /

3.6.3. The following data (from the American Society of Civil Engineers, 1973) show
climatic conditions over a well-watered grass surface in May, July, and September in
Davis, California, (latitude 38N). Calculate the corresponding evapotranspiration rate
(mm/day) by the energy balance method, the aerodynamic method, the combination
method, and the Priestley-Taylor method. Assume standard atmospheric pressure. Use
Eq. (3.6.1) for the coefficient B.

Evaporation rate (mm/day)

Month Energy Balance Aerodynamic Combination Priestley-Taylor

May 5.9657 8.90122456 15.86692456 5.023492063
July 6.6717 10.68211 18.35381 6.226286591
Sept 4.0242 9.373419424 14.39761942 3.579843562

Evapotranspiration rate (mm/day)

Month Energy Balance Aerodynamic Combination Priestley-Taylor

May 2.087995 3.115428596 5.553423596 1.758222222
July 2.335095 3.738738501 6.423833501 2.179200307
Sept 1.40847 3.280696798 5.039166798 1.252945247