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11.

Well Intervention with Coiled Tubing

Coiled Tubing
O
Operations
ti

Schlumberger Private
Well Intervention
with Coiled Tubing

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. Well Intervention with Coiled Tubing

Contents

Introduction
Operations with Coiled Tubing

Schlumberger Private
E i
Equipment t
Well Control
The Tubing
Typical Applications
Job Design
g

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11. Well Intervention with Coiled Tubing

I
Introduction
d i

Schlumberger Private
Business Profile
Evolution

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. Well Intervention with Coiled Tubing
Business Profile
Schlumberger is the Largest Coiled
T bi Company
Tubing C in
i the
th World
W ld
Operates 30% of World Fleet

Schlumberger Private
with total of 300 CTUs
Operating in 40 Countries
34% Market Share
$900 Million annual market

Performs in excess of 15000 CT Jobs Performance
annually
Nr
N 1 on S Schroders
h d V
Value
l
65% Onshore Survey for 6th year.
35 % Offshore Fastest growing service in
S hl b
Schlumberger during
d i the h 2ndd
part of the 90s
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. Well Intervention with Coiled Tubing
Evolution
First introduced in 1963 for
through tubing sand cleanouts
Quickly followed by Acid
Treatments and Nitrogen Lifts in

Schlumberger Private
the 70s
Larger OD tubing allowed for the
introduction of Downhole Tools
and more complex fluids in the
1980s In 2003
Dedicated R&D in late 80s Integral part of any well program,
allowed service to become including
complete Workover service in
the 1990s for
Subsea
Drilling, Completion, Intelligent Wells
Production and Multilaterals
M ltil t l
Abandonment Extended Reach Wells
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11. Well Intervention with Coiled Tubing

C il d TTubing
Coiled bi P Principles
i i l

Schlumberger Private
Operations with Coiled Tubing
Advantages of Coiled Tubing

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. Well Intervention with Coiled Tubing
Operations with Coiled Tubing
Coiled Tubing offers the ability to do Through Tubing Well Intervention
Rigless
Completion installed
Life Conditions

Schlumberger Private
Applications
Circulate Fluids
Workover with mechanical
tools
Data Acquisition
Drilling
g

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. Well Intervention with Coiled Tubing
Advantages of Coiled Tubing
Many advantages exist when compared to the alternatives
((Hydraulic
y Workover Units or Workover Rigs)
g )
Economics
Much less equipment with smaller crews

Schlumberger Private
Operations in days rather than weeks
Safety
Reduced pipe handling (no connections, no rig floor
operations)
i )
Safe handling of wellhead pressure rather than pressure
prevention
Operations
Small foot print with versatile equipment package
Much faster rig up and trip speeds
Ability to work on life wells
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11. Well Intervention with Coiled Tubing

C il d TTubing
Coiled bi EEquipment
i

Schlumberger Private
Injector head
Reel
Power and Control
Well Control

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. Well Intervention with Coiled Tubing

Coiled Tubing Equipment

The basic configuration of a coiled tubing equipment package is


dependent on:

Schlumberger Private
Operating environment
e.g., offshore, arctic, desert
Primary applications
e.g., units prepared for CTD operations will typically be
larger than conventional service units
CT string dimensions
e.g., string length/OD and necessary reel dimensions

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. Well Intervention with Coiled Tubing
B i EEquipment
Basic i t Configurations
C fi ti
Schlumberger equipment fleet comprises CT units designed to
operate:
Onshore

Schlumberger Private
Paved road trucks (road legal for operating area)
Off-road trucks (all-wheel drive, e.g., desert)
Mobile mast units (special environment,
environment ee.g.,
g arctic)
Offshore
Skid mounted units (crash-frame
(crash frame protected)
Barge mounted units (permanent placement)
Jackingg barge/tender
g / vessel

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. Well Intervention
Basic with Package
Coiled Tubing Coiled Tubing
Control Cabin to
control operations,
Injector Head WC and Data
to pull/push Acquisition
tubing

Schlumberger Private
Stripper to
allow
ll ffor li
live
operations Prime Mover to
provide Hydraulic
Reel to Store Power
Tubing

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. Well Intervention with Coiled Tubing
Injector Head Functions / Components
Primary components/functions include:
11. Injecting and retrieving the CT string
(chain/drive system) 3

Schlumberger Private
2. Holding the CT string static (chains
and braking system)
3. Guiding the CT to the reel (gooseneck) 1 5
4
4. T i /
Tension/compressioni measurement
(weight indicator) 2

5. Depth/speed
p / p measurement (depth
( p
system sensor) 4

6. Mounting place for primary pressure


b i (stripper)
barrier ( ti )
6
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. Well Intervention with Coiled Tubing
Chain System
Typical chain system includes:
1
Drive sprocket/system (1)

Schlumberger Private
Inside tensioners (2)
2

Outside tensioners (3) 3 3

Lower
L idli
idling sprocket
k t (4)
4

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. Well Intervention with Coiled Tubing
Chain Components
Chain link
pins

Schlumberger Private
Gripper block
Roller bearing

Chain link plate


and split pin

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. Well Intervention with Coiled Tubing
Reel Functions and Components
Typical reel components:
1 Storing and protecting the CT string
1.
(drum) 5
2. Maintaining proper tension between

Schlumberger Private
reel and injector head (reel drive 3
system)
3. Efficiently spooling the CT string on to
the reel drum (level wind system)
1
4. Circulating fluids with the drum
rotating (swivel)
5 Application of protective coating or
5. 4
inhibitor on tubing string (tubing
lubricator system)
6 Back-up
6. Back up depth measurement (reel
2
mounted counter)
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. Well Intervention with Coiled Tubing
Reel Drum Capacity
Capacity of reel drum: Freeboard
L = (A + C) (A) (B) (K)

Where: A

Schlumberger Private
L = Reel capacity (ft)
( )
A = Tubing stack height (in.)
B = Drum width (in.)
C = Core diameter (in.) C
K = Constant (tubing size dependent)
11-1/4
1/4 = 00.168
168
1-1/2 = 0.116
1-3/4 = 0.086
2 = 0.066
0 066
2-3/8 = 0.046 B
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. Well Intervention with Coiled Tubing
Reel Models and Capacities

Reel Model / Configuration

Schlumberger Private
Tubing Size 1015 2015 3015 3020 4122

1-1/4-in. 15,000 22,500 25,000 25,000 25,000


1 1/2 i
1-1/2-in. 10 000
10,000 15 100
15,100 22 000
22,000 25 000
25,000 25 000
25,000
1-3/4-in. N/A 11,200 15,000 20,000 25,000
22-in
in. N/A 8 500
8,500 11 000
11,000 15 000
15,000 22 500
22,500
2-3/8-in. N/A N/A N/A N/A 15,300

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. Well Intervention with Coiled Tubing
L l i d S
Levelwind System
t
3
System components include:
2

Schlumberger Private
Drive
D i chain/system
h i / t (1)

Override motor (2)


( )
1

Spooling head (3)

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. Well Intervention with Coiled Tubing
Reel Swivel and Manifold
Pressure Cable
b lkh d
bulkhead
Coiled tubing

Schlumberger Private
CT isolation
Jumper cable valve

Reel Reel Reel


collector axle swivel

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. Well Intervention with Coiled Tubing
Power Pack/Control Cabin Functions
Basic functions of the power pack/control cabin or equipment normally
mounted therein:
Providing hydraulic power required by the CTU (engine and
hydraulic pumps)

Schlumberger Private
Control
C t l and d lilimitation
it ti on hhydraulic
d li systems
t (h
(hydraulic
d li control
t l and
d
relief valves/system)
Hydraulic accumulator storage for secondary well control
equipment
i t (BOP accumulator)
l t )
Enables control and monitoring
of all operating systems from a
single operators station (control
consol)
Layer 1 High Exhaust Low Oil Loss of
Temper
H ature
igh Coolant Temperature Pressure Coolant

Coolant Oil
Temperature Pressure

Engine
P
ermissive Tachometer
start

Providing operations data to


Start
Engine Emergenc y
Kill Kill Air
Pressure

enable well site design and


monitoring
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11. Well Intervention with Coiled Tubing

Well Control Equipment for CT


Stripper
St i
Blow Out Preventers

Schlumberger Private
Stacks

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. Well Intervention with Coiled Tubing
Pressure Control Equipment
Pressure control equipment associated with mobilization of a basic
CTU for routine service activities includes:
Stripper

Schlumberger Private
generally permanently mounted on the injector head
Blow-out preventers
quad configuration most common
Riser, lubricator
application dependent
Ancillary equipment
wellhead crossover(s), flow T, kill line and valves
Downhole check valve
preventing back-flow of wellbore fluids
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. Well Intervention with Coiled Tubing
Stripper Functions
The primary stripper typically performs
the following functions:
Maintain
M i t i a primary
i bbarrier
i
against wellbore pressure and
fluids

Schlumberger Private
Secure and align the injector
head with the pressure control
and wellhead equipment
Support the tubing between the
injector head chains and the
stripper seal
Design features enable:
Servicing
S i i off consumables bl
(sealing elements) with CT in
place
control/actuation of primary
seal without reliance on CTU
power pack engine
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. Well Intervention with Coiled Tubing
Conventional Stripper Components

Tubing support/top access

Schlumberger Private
Packing assembly

Hydraulic system

M
Mounting
i flflange

Lower connection
Typical packing stack

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. Well Intervention with Coiled Tubing
BOP Functions
The following functions and requirements typically apply to CT BOPs:

Provide a secondary barrier against wellbore pressure and fluids

Schlumberger Private
( i rams andd shear
(pipe h rams))
Secure/support the tubing string against the operating weight or
snubbing force (slip rams)
Shear the tubing string under operating conditions (shear rams)
Provide wellbore access for fluid (kill port) and pressure
measurement (pressure port)
Support the weight (and forces applied) of the CT equipment under
the rated wellbore pressure

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. Well Intervention with Coiled Tubing
Quad BOP Components

Upper flange/connection adapter

Schlumberger Private
Pressure port

Equalizing valve Blind rams


Shear rams
Kill port
Slip rams
Equalizing valve Pipe rams

Lower flange/connection adapter


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. Well Intervention with Coiled Tubing
Onshore Rig up

Quick latch

Schlumberger Private
body

Quad BOP

Lower BOP Injector head


adapter

Swab valve
and tree
Stripper
Quick latch pin

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11. Well Intervention with Coiled Tubing

Th Continuous
The C i (Coiled)
(C il d) TTubing
bi

Schlumberger Private
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. Well Intervention with Coiled Tubing
The Continuous (Coiled) Tubing
CT properties
In sizes from 1
1 up to 3-1/2
3 1/2
Most common sizes are 1-1/4 and 1-1/2

Schlumberger Private
Continuouslyy milled to lengths
g of 25,000 ft
80,000 psi Yield grade is most common
Over the live of the tubing it might be bend as much as 500
times iinto
ti t it
its plastic
l ti yield
i ld area.
CT Life is dependent on
Number of Bends
Internal pressure while bending takes place
The bending radius
Tubing can be protected against acid and H2S corrosion

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. Well Intervention with Coiled Tubing
Steel Grade & Manufacturing for CT
Grades
70000, 80000, 90000, 100000 andd 110000 psii Yi
Yield
ld M
Materials
i l
Configurations

Schlumberger Private
Butt Welded
Continuous Milled (Bias Weld)
Tapered Strings
True Tapered Strings
Manufacturers
Precision Tube Technology - e.g. HS80 and HS80CM
Quality Tubing - e.g. QT80 and QT800

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. Well Intervention with Coiled Tubing
CT String Construction

1965 250 ft strip


p lengths
g (Republic
( p Tubing,
g, USA))

Schlumberger Private
1983 1000 ft strip lengths

1985 1700 ft strip lengths

1986 3500 ft strip lengths (Japanese Suppliers)

1987 Tubing milled continuously

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. Well Intervention with Coiled Tubing
CT String Construction (2)
1989
1986 1988
1970 1978
1965

Schlumberger Private
3/4-in. 1-in. 1-1/4-in. 1-1/2-in. 1-3/4-in. 2-in.

1995

1992
1990
1989

2 3/8 in
2-3/8-in. 2 7/8 in
2-7/8-in. 3 1/2 in
3-1/2-in. 4 1/2 in
4-1/2-in.

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. Well Intervention with Coiled Tubing
Biased Weld
Strips preparation

Schlumberger Private
Weld completed
and area
heat treated

Tube formed

Biased Weld Configuration

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. Well Intervention with Coiled Tubing
Biased Weld

Longitudinal
weld profile

Schlumberger Private
Bias weld
profile

Biased weld and longitudinal weld forms

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. Well Intervention with Coiled Tubing
Tapered String
Heavier wall Intermediate Lighter wall

Schlumberger Private
Butt weld or bias weld Butt weld or bias weld

Tapered String Configuration

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. Well Intervention with Coiled Tubing
Material Specifications

Nom Min Nom Min Min Hydro Int


OD Wall Wall ID Weight Yield Tensile Test Yield
Inch Inch Inch Inch lbs/ft lbf lbf psi psi

Schlumberger Private
1.75 0.109 0.104 1.532 1.915 43800 47800 8300 9200
1.75 0.125 0.118 1.500 2.175 49800 54200 9400 10400
1.75 0.134 0.128 1.482 2.318 53100 57800 10100 11300
1.75 0.156 0.148 1.438 2.662 60900 66400 11700 13000
1.75 0.175 0.167 1.400 2.951 67500 73600 13100 14500
1.75 0.190 0.180 1.370 3.173 72600 79100 14100 15600
1.75 0.204 0.195 1.342 3.377 77300 84200 15200 16800

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. Well
CoilLIMIT Intervention
- Real Time with Coiled Tubing
Real Time Information

Schlumberger Private
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. Well Intervention with Coiled Tubing
Stress / Strain Diagram for CT pipe

Schlumberger Private
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. Well Intervention with Coiled Tubing
Low Cycle
y Fatigue
g

Schlumberger Private
Full Scale Fatigue Testing was conducted
during 1989
1989, providing the basis for the
Dowell CoilLIFE Code

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. Well Intervention with Coiled Tubing
Fatigue Monitoring
C urrent L ife
C oilLIFE
P rev. L ife
W eld
30

Schlumberger Private
25
ue Life %

20

15
Fatigu

10

0
0 5000 10000 15000
Distance from CT Downhole End

(c) S chlum berger D owell 1994-96

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. Well Intervention with Coiled Tubing
Keeping Track of Fatigue

C ilCAT
CoilCAT
CoilLIFE

16
Life
14

12

Schlumberger Private
10

6 Life - %
Fatigue

0
0 2000 4000 6000 8000
Distance from CT downhole end - ft
(c) Schlumberger Dowell 1994-96

1. CoilLIFE stored on reel

2. CoilLIFE transferred
to Data Acquisition system
CoilCAT
CoilLIFE
prior to job
16 Current Life
Prev. Life
14 Weld

12

10

6 Life - %
Fatigue

0
3. CoilLIFE Updated during job
0 2000 4000
Distance from CT downhole end - ft
6000 8000

(c) Schlumberger Dowell 1994-96

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11. Well Intervention
Typical Applications of CTwith Coiled Tubing
Conveying Fluids
Downhole Tools
El t i Li
Electric Line
Drilling with CT

Schlumberger Private
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. Well Intervention with Coiled Tubing
Coiled Tubing
g Applications
pp
Conventional
Washingg and cleaningg operations
p
Intervention with mechanical tools
Remedial Stimulation

Schlumberger Private
Non-conventional
Electric Line (pushing logging tools) Watch Jet Blaster DVD
Scale Removal (Abrasive Jetting)
Underbalanced Drilling
Special Operations
Multilateral Interventions Watch Discovery DVD

Subsea Wells
HPHT Wells

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. Well Intervention with Coiled Tubing
Coiled Tubing Applications
Conveying Fluids
Circulating fluids in place under live conditions

Schlumberger Private
Conveying Tools
Performing mechanical work over tasks in the well.

Electric Line
Pushing logging tools and/or providing circulating capabilities

Coiled Tubing Drilling


For through
g tubingg or underbalanced drillingg operations
p

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. Well Intervention with Coiled Tubing
Conveying Fluids
The most common use for Coiled Tubing is as a conveyance
method for fluids :

Nitrogen Kick Offs

Schlumberger Private
Wellbore Clean Outs

Cementing thru CT

Acidizing thru CT

Scale and Paraffin Removal

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. Well Intervention with Coiled Tubing
Nitrogen Kick Off
Inducing well to flow by lowering
hydrostatic head through pumping
nitrogen gas.

Schlumberger Private
System is optimum when :
CT is at deepest point in well.
Nitrogen
Nit rate
t is
i lowest
l t
Annulus allows for maximum
flow (Smallest CT)

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. Well Intervention with Coiled Tubing
Conveying Tools

The use of Coiled Tubingg to conveyy mechanical tools is an


essential part of most well intervention phases

Schlumberger Private
Washing Subs
Check Valves for Well Control
Fishing
Slickline
Downhole Motors
HP Jetting
J tti
Pre-packed Gravel Pack Screens
Bridge
g Plugs
g
Inflatable Packers
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. Well Intervention with Coiled Tubing
High Pressure Jetting
Use jetting energy to remove
scale by creating a pressure
drop across a DH jetting
nozzle.

Schlumberger Private
U d with
Used ith hard
h d scale
l
Used with ID variety
Nozzle(s)
( ) need to cover 360
deg of ID by rotating head or
indexing.
Process is sensitive to :
Abrasives Loading
Rate of Penetration
Pressure Drop
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. Well Intervention with Coiled Tubing
El t i Logging
Electric L i with
ith CT = CTL

CTL ddefinition
fi iti
The conveying of tools with Coiled Tubing whereby the

Schlumberger Private
downhole to and from surface telemetry occurs through
a wire

Applications
Pushing logging tools in high angle wells
wells, pumping while
logging and logging while pumping.

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. Well Intervention with Coiled Tubing
System Components - CT Logging
Coiled Tubing
with internal Cable

Schlumberger Private
Collector
Pressure
Bulkhead
Deployment
System

Logging
gg g Unit

CT Logging Head

Logging Suite

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