Gram- positive non-spore forming Bacilli

Bacteria Crecimiento general pathogenesis hemolisis catalase virulence diagnosis other

caracteristics factors

Lysteria human beta positive food poisoning

monocytogene facultatie nonbranching pathogen internalins blood agar
s
anaerobic (adhesion)
motile in positive
1-45gradosC room temp lexotoxin camp
listeriolisin O
halofilicos Se replican cold
dentro de Phospholipas enrichment
intracelular
macrofagos e C (escape
(leer slide de enzime
show LLO fagolisosoma anlisis
release) )
genomic
anlisis
puede skip pro ActA
humoral (assembly of
immunity actin)

Erysipelothrix alpha negative chocolate agar

rhusiopathiae facultative pleomorphic hialorunidase with 5-10% of erisipeloid
anerobe rods CO2
neuroaminida produces H2S
on TSI agar
microaerofilic filaments se

no motile capsule-like
Bacteria Crecimiento general pathogenesis hemolisis catalase virulence diagnosis other
caracteristics factors

structure

Corynebacteri en upper resp opportunista none? positive

a diphteria tract, GI tract, non acid fast B subunit tox gene Loefflers metachromite
urogenital tract (translocation) (codes las media(granul granules
clubshaped A subunit
toxinas y es os) (energy
(catalytic,
appearance pasado a la storage)
inactiva EF-2)
toxin syn. bac por Tellurite agar
no motile (colonias, toxine is
regulado por Betaphage)
diphtera toxin gray or black) absorbed in
pleiomorphic repressor A-B exotoxin mucous
rod (DTxR) cystein membrane
neuroamidas degrdation and causes
e (splits NAN (brown halo) destruction of
to produce epithelium
pyruvate) methilen blue
ans
stain
inflammation
diphtin
(protease that Elek immunity:
inactivates IgA) Method(tox antibodies
precense) against toxin

PCR
Bacteria Crecimiento general pathogenesis hemolisis catalase virulence diagnosis other
caracteristics factors

propionibacteri P.acnes positive

um anaerobe, non motile (opportunistic
on prosthetic
aereotolerant
ferments carbs devices or iv
lines)
P. propionicus

Lactobacillus facultative normal flora of isolated in urine produces lactic

anaerobes mouth, and blood acid
stomach, culture
intestines,
genitourinary
tract

Gram negative rods fermenters and non-fermentors

bacteria Fermetation general catalase/oxidase virulence diagnosis other
characteristics

E. Coli Lactose and glucose positive/negative Mac Conkey agar

(enterobacteria) facultative Endotoxin (LPS) (fermenta lactosa) food poisoning
anaerobe strain: O:157, H:7
adhesins
reduce nitrate Common in GI
exotoxins(shiga, heat
tract if it moves
stable and labile
from there it may
toxins)
bacteria Fermetation general catalase/oxidase virulence diagnosis other
characteristics

cause
endogenous
infection

grastroenteritis
(exogenous)

Salmonella glucose only positive/negative

(enterobacteria) facultative outer somatic O MacConkey(no most infections
anaerobe polysaccharide fermenta lac) acquired by
eating
reduce nitrate core Produce H2S contaminated
polysaccharide foods
motile ureasa negativo
(para diferenciar de
lipid A (endotoxin) direct fecal-oral
proteus)
spread
Vi Capsular antigen

Shigella glucose only positive/ negative Mac Conkey agar (no

(enterobacter) facultative Shiga toxin fermenta lac) Pathologies:
anaerobe (exotoxin,
endothelial hemolytic colitis
nonmotile damage)
hemolytic uremic
Reduce nitrate syndrome
O polysaccharide
bacteria Fermetation general catalase/oxidase virulence diagnosis other
characteristics

Spread by fecal-oral
core trans.
polysaccharide

lipid A

Proteus gucose only positive/ negative UTIs and nosocomial

(enterobacter) Motile MacConkey (no diseases
fermenta lac)
reduce nitrate
Se ve swarming
(patron de
crecimiento)

Produce H2S

Ureasa positivo (para

diferenciar de
salmonella)

- no dice positive/positive Blood and

Vibrio curved shape MacConkey(no
fermentan lactosa)
(non enteric) motile (polar
bacteria Fermetation general catalase/oxidase virulence diagnosis other
characteristics

flagella)

facultative anaerobes

Pseudomonas no fermentation strict anaerobes negative/ positive grapelike odor

aeruginosa polysaccharide transmited by
slime layer aerosols,
aspiration,fecal
highly resistant
contamination

Colonizes: skin,
URtrack and
colon

enf. nosocomiales

Spore forming gram positive bacilli

Bacteria physiology and virulence toxins diagnosis other
structure/ gen charac.

Bacillus anthrasis
serpentine chains Poly-D-glutamic acid plasmid pX01 Malachite green bioterrorism agent
capcid (Px02 stain (spores)
non hemolitic plasmid) edema factor(EF, aquired via
inherited adenylate DFA capsula inhalation,
nonmotile spores cyclase) polypeptide inoculation and
ingestion
Protective blood agar: crece cid
antigen(PA,binding medussa head and si no tiene la capsula
domain) ground glass y las 3 toxinas no es
appearance (relieve) patogeno!!
Lethal factor(LF,
stimulates release of
Lysis with gamma
TNF-gamma, IL-1B,
phage(esp.)
proinflamatory factors) requieres thiamine to
grow
penincillin(susceptibl
e, string of pearls
formation)

Methylen blue (capsule)

Bacteria physiology and virulence toxins diagnosis other
structure/ gen charac.

Bacillus Cereus food poisoning

opportunistic Enterotoxins toxins in virulence gram-stain

motile Fast: emetic they are found in feces culture

form(heat stable)
facultative anaerobe enterotoxin detection
Slow: Diarrheal (heat
Beta hemolitic labile) Oxoid Chromogenic B.
Cereus Agar

necrotic toxin (heat

labile)

cereolysin: hemolisis

Phospholipase C:
lethinase

spores

Clostridium perfinges
no motile(unico lethinase alpha: hemolysis gram stain part of the normal
clostridium) (phospholipid C) flora
Beta: necrotizing enterotoxins on feces
double zone Protease type A is responsible
hemolisis epsilon: increase ana blood agar for most human
vascular permeability
Bacteria physiology and virulence toxins diagnosis other
structure/ gen charac.

B hemo DNAse of GI double zone infections

hemolisis
hyalurnidase somethingweird: disease follows
exogenous or
necrotizing reverse camp
spores endogenous exposure
positive
They act like super
collagenase antigens egg yolk

Clostridium tetani spores toxins cant be aislated on spores found in soils and
motile oxygen labile lab, diagnosis is based can colonise GI tract
emolysin on symptoms
terminal spores (tetanolysin)

no fermentation Plasmid encoded heat

labile tetanospasmin
strict anaerobe (inhibe la liberacion de
Gly y GABA, spastic
paralisis, lock jaw)

Clostridium Botulinum Botulinum toxin (prevents bioterrorist agent

anaerobic botulinium toxin release od Ach, causes isolate organism or
flaccid paralysis) toxin
glucose fermentation Lipase
lipase
gelatinase production(egg yolk
Bacteria physiology and virulence toxins diagnosis other
structure/ gen charac.

binary toxin agar)

spores toxin activity detected on

feces

Clostridium Difficiile strict anaerobe toxin A(chemotaxis, IMP: saber que si un

Adhesin factors causes hemorrhagic blood agar paciente esta en
necrosis and cytokine tratamiento de
hyalourinidase production with fluid toxins in stool antibiticos por mucho
hypersecretion) tiempo este org puede
spore formation immunoassays causar endogenous
infection

Clostridium Septicum asociada a pacientes con

alpha: necrotizing cancer del colon

beta:
deoxyribonuclease

gamma:
hyalouronidase

delta: hemolysin

neuroaminidase: alters
cell membrane