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MODUL 2
2 Which of the following factors will not affect the pressure in a liquid?
A Gravitational field strength
B Density of the liquid
C Volume of the liquid
D Depth of the liquid
3 Which of the following graphs represents the relationship between the pressure, P, and the depth,
h, of a column of water?
4 When a balloon filled with helium is sealed and released in the air,
A the balloon drops lower and decreases in size
B the balloon rises and increases in size
C the balloon stays at the same height but decreases in size
D the balloon drops lower but increases in size
5 A barometer as shown in the figure is carried to the top of a mountain from a beach.
A Increases Increases
B Decreases Increases
C Increases Decreases
D Decreases Decreases
6 The figure shows a U-tube manometer used to measure the pressure of a gas supply.
What is the difference in pressure between the gas supply and the atmospheric pressure?
A 3 cm of water
B 15 cm of water
C 17 cm of water
D 18 cm of water
7 A bowl of hot soup covered with an airtight lid is left to cool as shown in the figure.
If the force applied is 10 N, what is the weight of the load that can be lifted?
A 500 N
B 1000 N
C 2000 N
D 5000 N
9 A mechanic notices some air bubbles in the hydraulic brake fluid of a car. He recommends
changing the brake fluid. This is because
A the air bubbles will easily be compressed by pressure and affects the transmission of
pressure
B the air bubbles will escape from the piston and cause the brake fluid to leak
C the air bubbles will expand when they are heated up and cause an explosion
D the air bubbles will increase in size and cause the brake fluid to be incompressible
10 A light cylindrical wooden block is dropped vertically into a basin of water as shown below.
11 An inverted test tube with some air trapped in it is placed in a tank as shown in the figure.
If the aerofoil moves in the direction P, which of the following is true about the speed of the air
flow and the pressure of the air at point X?
13 A metal sheet has mass of 0.5 kg and area of 0.8 m . What is the pressure of the metal sheet
acting on a surface?
A 4.15 Pa
B 5.45 Pa
C 6.25 Pa
D 7.55 Pa
E 8.85 Pa
14
The figure above shows a block of gold with uniform cross sectional area ABCDE placed on the
surface of a floor. If the block of gold can be placed in a stable state of any of its surface, which of
the following will produce maximum pressure on the floor?
A ABCDE C CDIH
B BCHG D DEJI
15 For a pin to enter a wooden board, the pressure exerted must be greater than 5 x 107 Pa. If the
pin point has an area of 0.02 mm2, find the minimum force for the pin to enter the board.
A 1N D 4N
B 2N E 5N
16 Gas is trapped in a closed container. There is gas pressure inside the container because gas
molecules
A move randomly
B move with equal speed
C collide constantly with the walls of the container
D collide with one another
17 What will happen to the kinetic energy of gas molecules when they collide elastically?
A Increases
B Decreases
C Remains constant
D Becomes zero
18
The figure above shows a mercury column in a glass tube with trapped air in it. If the height of the
mercury column is 24 cm and atmospheric pressure is 76 cm Hg, what is the pressure of the
column in the glass tube?
A 42 cm Hg
B 52 cm Hg
C 82 cm Hg
D 1000 cm Hg
E 120 cm Hg
19 Based on the kinetic theory of gases, the pressure exerted by a gas is caused by
A collision of the gas molecules with the walls of a container
B gas molecules colliding with each other at high speed
C random motion of the gas molecules
D gas molecules being very far apart from each other
20. Which of the following instruments is meant for measuring atmospheric pressure?
A Carburetor
B Siphon
C Fortin's barometer
D Hydrometer
21
The figure above shows a hydraulic jack. The cross sectional areas of smaller piston and larger
piston are 20 cm2 and 60 cm2 respectively. If the smaller piston is pushed with a force of 15 N,
what will be the force experienced by the larger piston?
A 30N D 50N
B 40N E 55N
C 45N
23
The figure above shows a man blowing hard at the opening of a metal tube. It is observed that
the polystyrene sphere is lifted to the opening of the metal tube. This phenomenon occurs
because
A the air velocity at the upper section of the metal tube is less than the air velocity at the lower
section
B the air pressure at the upper section of the metal tube is less than the air pressure at the
lower section
C the air density at the upper section of the metal tube is more than the air density at the
lower section
D the air temperature at the upper section of the metal tube is more than the air
temperature at the lower section
24 Which of the following is based on Bernoulli's principle?
A Bourdon gauge
B Insect spray
C Lift pump
D Siphon
25
Air flows through a horizontal tube as shown in the figure causing water columns to rise in three
vertical glass tubes. Which of the regions A, B or C has the highest air velocity?
TUTORIAL 2
1 1 Pa is equivalent to
A 1 N m2 B 1 m N-2
C 1 N m-2 D 1 m N2
2 Figure shows a wooden block on a horizontal surface. The block will exert maximum pressure on
a horizontal surface if it is resting on its face
A STUV B TWXU
C WXY Z D UVXY
3 An ice skater is able to glide smoothly across the surface of the ice because
A the low pressure between the edge of the metal bar and the ice melts
B the high pressure between the edge of the metal bar and the ice melts
C the low pressure between the edge of the metal bar and the ice freezes
D the high pressure between the edge of the metal bar and the ice freezes
4 A wooden block with the dimensions of 3 m x 4 m x 5 m is placed on a floor. If the mass of the
metal block is 400 kg , what is the maximum pressure that can exerted by the metal block on the
floor?
A 100 N m- 2 B 200 N m -2
C 333 N m - 2 D 480 N m -2 E 620 N m -2
5 The mass of a boy is 60 kg. The pressure exerted by the boy on a floor is 2 x 10 4 Pa. What is
the area of contact between the shoe’s base of the boy and the floor.
7 The mass of a tractor is 4000 kg. The area of contact between a tractor’s tyre and the soft ground
is 0.5 m2. The tractor has four tyres.
(a) Calculate
(i) the total area of contact between the tractor’s tyre and the soft ground.
(b) Explain why a car cannot moves on the soft ground although the mass of the car is less than
the mass of the tractor?
(c) What happens to the area of contact between the tractor’s tyre and the soft ground if the air
pressure inside the tyres is decreased?
8 Figure (a) shows two different situations of a woman wearing a high heel shoes and then wearing
a flat shoes.
Figure(b) shows two different situations of a skier without wearing snowshoes and then wearing
snowshoes.
Figure(a) Figure(b)
(a) Observe the Figure (a) and Figure (b) ,state two observations about the surface area contact
, the depth of sinking and the force involved.
(c) Relate your answers in(a) and (b) to deduce the a concept in physics.
(d) A man wearing snowshoes applies a pressure of 2500 Pa . If the area covered by a
snowshoe is 0.15 m2,what is the mass of the man?
9 Figure(a) and Figure(b) show two ways in which a gardener moves a wheelbarrow on a muddy
road.
Figure(a) Figure(b)
(i) the direction of force F exerted by the gardener on the handle of each wheelbarrow to
make it move.
(b) (i) Based on the answers in (a)(i) and (a)(ii), which of the ways is more suitable on the
muddy road?
(ii) Calculate the pressure exerted on the surface of the muddy road.
(iii) State one modification that could be made to the wheelbarrow to reduce the pressure
exerted on the road. Explain your answer.
10 Figure(a) shows two situations of a pencil with a load is placed on the top of the pencil sinking
into a plasticine before and after it is sharpen
Figure(b) shows two conditions a handwriting by using a pencil before and after it is sharpen.
Figure(a) Figure(b)
(a) Observe the Figure (a) and Figure (b). Compare the depth of sinking the pencil in the
plasticine, the conditions of the pencil ,the load and the conditions of the handwriting.
Relate the comparisons to deduce a concept in physics .
(b) Explain why a footballer likes Ronaldinho wearing a football boot has sharp studs?
Question 1
An object is hung from a spring.
(c) Determine the volume of water displaced by the object. [density of water = 1000 kgm-3]
Question 2
A stone weights 2.5 N. When it is fully submerged in a liquid, its apparent weight is 2.2 N.
3 -6 3
Calculate the density of liquid if its volume displaced by the stone is 25 cm (25 x 10 m ).
Example 3
An object of mass 5 kg floats on the surface water. What is the upthrust experienced by the
object.
Example 4
The figure shows a glass tube of mass 0.012 kg with uniform diameter and cross-sectional
-4 2
area 4 x 10 m , and it is filled with sand so that it is made vertical in a beaker containing
-3
water. [ Density of water is 1000 kg m ]
Determine
(a) The upthrust
(b) The mass of sand in the glass tube.
OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS
2. Which of the following statements is not true about two bodies in thermal
equilibrium?
5. Which of the following methods is a method that can increase the sensitivity of
a mercury thermometer?
7. An object has a heat capacity of 750 JK -1. How much heat energy is needed to
raise the temperature of the object by 40 ºC ?
A. 30 kJ B. 75 kJ C. 100 kJ D. 220 kJ
A. the amount of heat required to change 1 kg of the substance from the solid phase to the liquid
phase at constant temperature.
B. the amount of heat required to change 1 kg of the substance from the liquid phase to the
gaseous phase at constant temperature.
C. the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 kg of the substance by 1 °C.
D. the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 kg of the substance by 100 °C
9. When a substance is heated
A it gets hot quickly if it has a high specific heat capacity
B it gets hot quickly if it has a low specific heat capacity
C it gets hot slowly if it has a low specific heat capacity
10. Which of the following is the reason for using water as a coolant in the radiator of a car engine?
A. Water is colourless.
B. Water has a high specific heat capacity.
C. Water is a conductor of electricity.
D. Water is a good solvent.
11. The diagram above shows a hot metal sphere being lowered into a cooler water.
Thermal equilibrium is reached when
X Y
12. The diagram shows two objects X and Y in thermal contact. There is a net flow of heat
from X to Y. This is because
A. The specific heat capacity of X is higher than the specific heat capacity of Y.
B. The heat capacity of X is higher than the heat capacity of Y.
C. The mass of X is higher than the mass of Y.
D. The temperature of X is higher than the temperature of Y.
13. 400 g of water at 80 °C is poured into a cup containing 200 g of water at 50 °C. Assuming
no heat is lost to the cup and surrounding, what is the final temperature of the mixture?
14. The volume of a gas in a vessel is 400 cm3. The gas is compressed at constant
temperature until the pressure of the gas is doubled. What is the final volume of the gas?
15 A gas at a pressure of 120 kPa and a volume of 400 cm 3 is expanded at constant temperature to
a volume of 600 cm3. What is its final pressure?
A. PQ B. QR C. RS D. PQ and RS
17. A neon gas in a cylinder is heated from 27 °C at constant volume so that the pressure of the gas
is tripled. What is the final temperature of the gas?
18. An air bubble of volume 5 cm3 is produced by a diver at a depth of 6 m. What is the volume
of the air bubble when it reaches a point which is 3 m below the water surface?
19. Calculate the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 0.8 kg of copper from 35°C to
60°C.
(Specific heat capacity of copper = 400 J kg-1 C-1)
20. Heat energy is supplied at the same rate to 250 g of water and 250 g of ethanol. The
temperature of the ethanol rises faster. This is because the ethanol
A. is denser than water C. has a larger specific heat capacity than water
B. is less dense than water D. has a smaller specific heat capacity than water
21. The melting point and the boiling point of substance P are 45°C and 120°C respectively. Which
of the following shows the correct states of substance P at 38°C and 120°C?
At 38°C At 120°C
A Solid Liquid and gas
B Liquid Liquid and gas
C Solid Gas
D Solid and liquid Gas
22. The diagram above is a temperature-time graph for substance Y which is heated.
Explain the observation as indicated by QR on the graph.
23. When a liquid is heated, its temperature will remain constant when the liquid starts to
24. There is no rise in temperature when latent heat is supplied to melt the ice. Which of the
following explains this observation?
25. The product of pressure and volume of a fixed mass of gas at constant temperature is
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2. State the changes that will take place when a fixed volume of a gas is heated slowly.
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3. Freon is liquid used in refrigerators. What are the properties of Freon liquid that makes
it useful in refrigerators?
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4. In the manufacture of cooking pots copper is preferred to iron. Explain this preference.
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