Legal Terms Glossary letter J

1. joinder
Pronunciation: /dnd/
Definition: n. the joining together of several lawsuits or several parties all in one
lawsuit, provided that the legal issues and the factual situation are the
same for all plaintiffs and defendants.
Translation: , conexarea
Synonyms: Union, association
Context: Modern statutes and rules of practice governing joinder of causes of
action vary by jurisdiction.
Etymology: Late Middle English: from Anglo-Norman French, from Old French joindre
to join.

2. joint administration
Pronunciation: /dnt/ /dmnstre()n/
Definition: n. a court-approved mechanism under which two or more cases can be
administered together.
Translation: administrare comun
Synonyms: comanagement, shared governance
Context: Brookstone has requested joint administration of its case with those of its
affiliates.

3. joint liability
Pronunciation: /dnt/ /lblti/
Definition: n. when two or more persons are both responsible for a debt, claim or
judgment.
Translation: rspunderea comun
Synonyms: joint responsibility, co-responsibility
Context: A joint liability allows parties to share the risks associated with taking on
additional debt, and to protect themselves in the event of legal litigation
and lawsuits.

4. judgment
Pronunciation: /ddm()nt/
Definition: n. the final decision by a court in a lawsuit, criminal prosecution or appeal
from a lower court's judgment, except for an "interlocutory judgment,"
which is tentative until a final judgment is made.
Translation: , judecat
Synonyms: decree, decision
Context: The lady's charming personality must not be permitted to warp our
judgment.
Etymology: Middle English: from Old French jugement, from juger to judge.
5. judgment creditor
Pronunciation: /ddm()nt/ /krdt/
Definition: n. the winning plaintiff in a lawsuit to whom the court decides the
defendant owes money // a creditor to whom a judgment debt is owed or
has been assigned
Translation:
Synonyms: -
Context: Judgment creditors have many more collection techniques available to
them than do creditors trying to collect debts before getting a court
judgment.

6. judgeship
Pronunciation: /ddp/
Definition: The position of judge. By statute, Congress authorizes the number of
judgeships for each district and appellate court.
Translation:
Synonyms: bench, judicial office
Context: He held many high offices during the reigns of Elizabeth and James I.,
including a judgeship of the admiralty court.

7. Judicial Conference of the United States

Definition: The policy-making entity for the federal court system. A 27-judge body
whose presiding officer is the Chief Justice of the United States.
Translation: Conferina judiciar din Statele
Unite
Context: The Judicial Conference of the United States, formerly known as
Conference of Senior Circuit Judges, was created by the United States
Congress in 1922.

8. judicial foreclosure
Pronunciation: /dud()l/ /fkl/
Definition: n. a judgment by a court in favor of foreclosure of a mortgage or deed of
trust, which orders that the real property which secured the debt be sold
under foreclosure proceedings to pay the debt.
Translation:


Synonyms: -
Context: A judicial foreclosure occurs when a court allows a lender to seize and sell
a borrower's collateral when the borrower has failed to repay the lender.
9. jurat
Pronunciation: /drat/
Definition: a person who has taken an oath or who performs a duty on oath// a
statement on an affidavit of when, where, and before whom it was sworn
Translation: ,
Synonyms: juror, juryman, sworn, recognitor
Context: The two most common notarial certificates used by notaries public are
jurats and acknowledgments.
Etymology: Late Middle English: based on Latin juratus sworn, past participle of
Latin jurare.

10. juror
Pronunciation: /dr/
Definition: n. any person who actually serves on a jury. Lists of potential jurors are
chosen from various sources such as registered voters, automobile
registration or telephone directories. A member of a Grand Jury is called a
grand juror.
Translation:
Synonyms: Jury member, panel
Context: A head juror is called the "foreperson", "foreman" or "presiding juror".
Etymology: Late Middle English: from Old French jureor, from Latin jurator, from
jurare swear, from jus, jur- law.

11. jury instructions

Definition: A judge's directions to the jury before it begins deliberations regarding
the factual questions it must answer and the legal rules that it must
apply.
Translation:
Synonyms: direction to the jury, charge to jury
Context: The Judicial Council of California owns the copyright in the Jury
Instructions, and in posting the Jury Instructions on the Worldwide Web.

12. just compensation

Pronunciation: /dst/ /kmpnse()n/
Definition: n. 1) in general a fair and reasonable amount of money to be paid for
work performed or to make one "whole" after loss due to damages. 2) the
full value to be paid for property taken by the government for public
purposes guaranteed by the Fifth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution
Translation:
Synonyms: Fair damages, just satisfaction
Context: Just compensation is required to be paid by the Fifth Amendment to the
U.S. Constitution (and counterpart state constitutions) when private
property is taken (or in some states, taken or damaged).
13. justiciable
Pronunciation: /dstb()l/
Definition: n. referring to a matter which is capable of being decided by a court.
Usually it is combined in such terms as: "justiciable issue," "justiciable
cause of action" or "justiciable case."
Translation: ,

Synonyms: amenable; cognizable; jurisdictional; under the competence; under the
jurisdiction; triable
Context: If a case is not justiciable, the court must dismiss it.
Etymology: Late Middle English: from Old French, from justicier bring to trial, from
medieval Latin justitiare, from Latin justitia equity, from justus.

14. justifiable homicide

Pronunciation: /dstfb()l/ /hmsd/
Definition: n. a killing without evil or criminal intent, for which there can be no
blame, such as self-defense to protect oneself or to protect another or the
shooting by a law enforcement officer in fulfilling his/her duties.
Translation:

Synonyms: attenuated killing
Context: When a person commits a justifiable homicide they are not guilty of a
criminal offense.

15. juvenile court

Pronunciation: /duvnl/ /kt/
Definition: n. a special court or department of a trial court which deals with under-
age defendants charged with crimes or who are neglected or out of the
control of their parents.
Translation:

Synonyms: minor court, youth court
Context: It is the mission of the Juvenile Court to protect children from abuse and
neglect, to promote opportunities for children to reside in a safe, stable,
permanent family environment, to strengthen families, to rehabilitate
juveniles, to protect the public from delinquent and criminal behavior and
to decide all cases fairly and impartially with dedication, integrity and
professionalism.