Dr Suvarna Nalapat Trust



DrSuvarnaNalapat
DrSuvarnaNalapatTrust
Kadavallur

1
(Cy B-ntbmfPn- skmssknbp-tSbpw sImn tZhkzw t_mUn-
tbpw A\p-hm-Z-tmsS sNbvX dnkn\nv Hcp`mKw)
IS-h-q {iocm-a-kzmant{Xw.
Xe-nn Xmeq-nse Ipdp--md {Kmss\v inev]n-I-fpsS Xmh-f-am-Wv. Ipdp--s\-
m kwkvIr-X-n Pw_p. Pw_pZzo]-sa-m Ipdp-s Zzo]-hp-am-Wv, Rmhew (\m-
hew) Zzo]-hp-am-Wv. (Ip-St- m\v, IpS-I\
- v, Ipd-K\
- v, Ipd-h\
- v, IpSIv apX-emb \ma-s
- fms
CXns A]{`w-i-am-Wv. Cu {]tZ-i-p-Im-Wp IpS-tms IpS--p-Ifpw Kpl-Ifpw
{Kmss\-n Xon-p--v. ]c-ip-cm-as I-gp-Xo {Kmss\v F {]oImw-{_n-b\v ine-
bpsS ]g--ap-v Chn-Ss kwkvIr-Xnv. `rKp-I-sa- hS-\v Bhmk tI{w apX
klys Hmtcm apnepw aqe-bnepw ImWp inem-kvam-c-I-fpw Bbp-[-ti-J-c-fpw
I-b-s\ Iiy-]s m\s ]pcm-X\ Xncp-ti-jn-p-Ifpw CXn\v kmyw hln-p-
p-v. \Z, tKmZm-h-cn-I-fpsS D-h-m-\s P\-m-\-sav cmam-bWw hnfn-p-p.
Chn-sS-bmWv B[p-\n-I-cpsS tKmzm-\m-ems ]gb Xan-gnse sIm-h\w. ]g--ap
P\-hm-kt- I-{-f
- m-Wnh tIc-fw, `rKp-Iw Ch Ds ]gbP\-hm-kt- I{fnse cmP-
hw-i
- f
- mWv amln-jvaX
- nbpw s]cp-s-qcpw Xo P\-m-\o-bc
- mb a\p-jy. Ah-cn
Jc\pw alm-_-en-bpw, LtSm-XvI-N-\pw, AK-n-b-\pw ]qcp-hpw ]c-X-h-sc ao\-hcpw (a-
y-Nn-w) s]cpw-]-S-Ip-ap--c-b-cp-ap-v. cm-k, Akpc hwi--fp-ap--v. {Xn-b-{_m--
W-hw-i--fp-ap--v. BZn-hm-kn-I-fm-Wn-h-scmw Xs. Bcpw ]pdw-cm-Py--fn \nv h-h-
cm-bn-cp-n-.
ht-cn-\m-ns \Sp-\mbI-ambn, At\Iw Kplm-t-{X-t- fmSpw saKm-en-p-It- fmSpw
IqSn sImn amSs]cp-am-sf ht-cn-`q-]s Xe-n-n-Xm-eqpw aqj-Ih
- w-ii
- m-Jb
- mb Xe-
nn tImhn-e-Ihpw \np-p. Kplm-a-\p-jy\v kqcy-{]-Imiw apI-fnse Zzmc-n-eqsS
Kpl-bn-sen Omb (\n-g) D-m-Ip--Xp-I- p. Ombbpw amm-WvU\pw Xtam-{K-l--
fmbn Ccp- [mn-I-cmb ]p{Xsc (Idp ba-t\bpw Imfn-n-tbbpw i\n-tb-bpw) sXs
A-tKm-f-n-\-[n-]-cmbn \n-bnp krnp Fv ]pcm-Whpw BkvtSm-W-anbpw A\p-`-
hhpw ]Tn-n-p-p. Ccp- Ad Kpl AXn-en-cp--h Kply-Icv. Kplm-a-\p-jy Ch-cn-
emWv h\-hm-kn-Ifpw (B-c-Wy-I), \mbm-Sn-Ifpw (\m-bm-p-Im-cmb {Xn-b-hwiw) thZ-
cpw `c-Wm-[n-]cp-ap--m-b-Xv. h\-hm-kn-bmbpw \mbm-p-Im-c-\mbpw {Xn-b-\mbpw N{I-
hn-bmbpw ]WvUn-X\pw \oXn-\pw kXy-\n-jvT\
- p-ambpw D {iocm-as\ Bcm-[n-p-
-h X-fpsS ]pcm-X\
- a
- m-\h-hw-is kvacn-p-p. am\hhwi-ns Xs Ncn-{Xs
kvacn-p-p. C{]-Imcw k]-ap Hcp t{X-s-bmWv \manv ImWp-Xv.
Ing-p-\npw ]Sn-m-p- \np-ap \ng-ens KXn-t\mn ASn-bf
- h
- p-hmIyw, t\tc hogp
civant\mn ka-cm-{X-Zn\w D-cm-b\
- Z
-
- n-Wm-b\
-
- CsXms \nco-n-d
- n-bm {]Ir-
Xn-Z--amb KplIfnse hmkw BZn-a-\p-jyp klm-b-I-am-bn-p--mhmw. Cu XXz-amWv
Iyma-dbn \-fnpw D]-tbm-Kn-p--Xv. Kplm-ap-Jv Hcp arKw, acw \nm AXns
Omb Xe Iogmbn Kpl-`n-n-bn hogpw. CXv I-n-mhmw BZys Kplm-Nn-{X-ns

2
krn. ]Sn-m-d cmPyv Cu XXzw BZyw {Klnv ]d--Xv, Ae-Ivkm-WvUsd Cy-
bn-tev Abv Cy kwkvIr-Xnsb Ipdnv ]Tn Acn-kvtm-n-emWv. Kpl-bn-en-cpv
sNdnsbmcpZzmc-n-eqsS kqcy-{K-lWw hon-p tIc-f
- nse Kply-Ic
- psS coXn ]Xn-
s\mmw \qm--nse Ad_n ]WvUn-X-\mb A l (965-1039) ]Tn-p. `qK`-Kp-l-I-
fnepw KncnKpl-I-fnepw Ccp BZn-a-a-\p-jys \nco--W-]-co--W- ]nmea\p-
jysc ]e-Xn\pw {]m]vX-cmn. Xe-nn Xmeq-nse \nc-h[n Kpl-I-fn \nmWv Fs
At\z-j-Wm-cw-`w. ]md Xpcv a\p-jy-\nnXKplI \nn-m Xe-n-n-bnse Kplm-
a-\p-jy ]t- XpSn. Ipd-]m-d-bnepw av Cy Kpl-I-fn-ep-ap inev]-am-Xr-I,
ssien, emfn-Xyw, Ch Ah-bpsS ]gw ImWn-p-p. ISXoc-tZ-i-am-b-Xn-\m
akqIm-p-Ifpw kap-{Z-k-m-chpw ]Tn-m\pw kap-{Zbm\w sNm\pw tIc-f-nse
ht-cn, Xe-nnP\-Xbvv km[n-p. AXp-sIm-p Xs tIc-f-ns Bkvt{Sm-W-an,
KWn-X-N-cn-{X-nepw Ah-cpsS kw`m-h-\-Isfmpw sNdp-X-.
Xe-nnbnse \mep {iocm-at- -{X-f
- n IS-h
- qcpw hnezm-{Zn-\m-Y\
- p-amWv {]i-kX
v w CXnse
IS-h-q-cns\ Ipdnv Nne hcn-I Ipdn-p-p.
IS-h-q-cns sFXn-lyw.
Xe-n-n-Xm-eq-nse AXn-{]mNo\t{X--fn-sem-mWv IS-h-q AYhm ImS-h-
q BZns]cp-h\w IS-h-qcnemWv.
Zi-c-Y-a-lm-cm-Pmhv ]qPn-n-cp alm-hn-jvWp-hmWv AhnsS {]Xn-jvT. ]p{X-m-cp--m-hm-\mbn
Atlw D]m-kn-Xv Cu aqn-sb-bm-Wv. (t{XXm-bpKw _n.kn 80009000 Imew). ]noSv
{iocm-a Cu hn{Klw hn`o-j-W\p km-\n-p. Atlw AXv e-bn {iocm-a-k-]-
tmsS D]m-kn-p. bp[n-jvTn-cs cmP-kq-b-Im-ev ZznKn-P-b-n-\mbn tIc-f-n-se-nb
kl-tZ-h e Pbn-m-\mbn `oa-]p-{X-\mb LtSm-Ns\ Ab-p. hn`o-j-W-a-lm-cmP
[mcmfw km-\--tfm-sSmw Cu hn{K-lhpw At-l-n\p sImSp-p. {ioIr-jvWs
\nt-i{- ]-Imcw LtSm-N [mcmfw Atim-Ia
- c
-
- fv ImSmbn hf-cp-Xpw HcpImev
AK- k v X y- a p\n X]w sNbv X Xp- a mb Cu ]pWy- ` qanbnsen (A- K - n- b qcn\Sp- v )
AKkvXys A\p-hm-Zt- msS AhnsS {]Xn-jvTn-p. LtSm-XvIN
- s
- \ hmn\v IpS-n
\nv Db-h-s\v A-ap-v. cma-IpSaq-j-I-s\ BZyaqj-I-cm-Pmhn\pw Cu t]cp-
-v. IpSw F IpS-\m-n-ep--m-b-hcmWv Ch. AK-kvXy\pw hkn-jvT\pw (ssa-{Xm-h-cp-Wn)
Ipw`-kw-`-h-cm-Wv. Ipe-Kpcp Ipw`-kw-`-h-\mb hkn-jvT-\n \nv ZicY\v Innb hn{K-l-
ns bYm-m-\-amWv IrjvW\v LtSm-XvI-N-s\ Ipw`-kw-`h\mb ImS-h-\r-]\v
ImnsmSp-Xv LtSm-XvIN
- ]
- pcw AYhm LtSm-XvIN
- D
- u-cm Ctm-gs LS-h
- qsc
IS-h-q. (_nkn 3000 Imew) ImS-\mb LtSm-XvI-Ns DucmWv, IS-h-qcv Fv \tam-
Xvn]d-bmw. Ejn-am-cpsS kym-h--\-n-\mbn kp{_-Wy-kzman Xs Ipgn--sXp
Icp-Xp Xo-p-fhpw Chn-sS-bp--v. {]`m-X-n h\-hmkn {iocm-a-\mbpw aym--
n hcp-Ws
- \-Xnsc Bt-bkv{Xw sXmSp-p D{K-cq-]n-b
- mb cma-\mbpw cm{Xn-bn A\p-
{K-l-aqn-bmb ]m-`n-tj-I-cm-a\mbpamWv kw. Cu k-sfmw {iotIm-hn-

3
en-\p-Np-p-ap Zmcp-{]-Xn-aI
- f
- n ImWmw. IS-h
- q-ct- \ym-\y-n\p {]kn-a
- m-Wv Cu t{Xw.
10472 EtKz-Z-kq--fn \nv XWw sXc-s-Sp-p--h-bn GXpw sXp-Iq-SmsX
sNmm-\m-hp--h-cpsS thZ]mWvUnXya-c-]-co--bm-Wv CXv. Xrqcpw Xncp-\m-hm-b-bpw.
{_kzw aT--fmWv CXn ]s-Sp-p--Xv. ]e-I-In-, hmc-an-cn-, PS, cY, apn-cn-
, ISn-cn- Ch Ign-p-thWw Ah-km-\s henb IS-n-cn--en-tev Fn-
s-Sm. {ipXntbm, Dm-c-W-tam, A-ctam hcntbm ]ng-msX sNmp-Ibpw thWw. ap{Z
]ng--cpXv. apv hrnIw Hp-ap-X 16 Zn\w (GIm-Zin, Aam-hm-kn HgnsI) Bbn-cpp
]Xn-hv. Hcp Zn\w \mep-t]-sc IW-nev 16 Zn\w 64 t]sc-bmWv ]co-n-n-cp--Xv. ( Hcp
hjw 64 t]). IqSp-X t]cp--m-bm 16 Zn\-sa-Xv 8 Zn\w Iqm-hp--Xm-Wv. Hmtcm aT-
n\pw Nne BNm-c-{I-a-fpap--v. Ch-cpsS bm{X-{i-n-m AXv {XntIm-W-anXn ({Sn-
KtWm-sa-{Sn) A\p-k-cn KXm-K-X-am-amsWp. ImWmw
Xrq {_kzw aTmcpsS amw
Xpemw 28\v hS-pw-m-Ys\ hnv D-tbmsS ap-q inh-t-{X-n-se-Ww.
AhnsS A-{]-km-Zw. ]ns sN- inh-t-{X-n-sen AhnsS Xmakw ]ntv
D-]q-P
- p-apv, ]n-apdn `n sXt-Sv t{Xw. AhnsS {]kmZw `-Ww. (`n-apdn {]mNo-
\-Imew apXte {]kn--amb \q-Xncn{Kma-am-Wv) ]noSv Bew-tmv t{Xnepw Ahn-
sS-\nv cm{Xn-bm-hp-tmtgpw IS-h-qcpw F-Ww.
Xncp-\mhm aT-m N{a-hw imkvXm t{X-n-sen 15 Xpemw apX 12 Zn\w Ahn-sS--
s-Xm-ak
- n-p-p. 29\v s]mm-c a\-bn-sen kZy D-p-p. As Znhkw DXn-bp-
q a\-bn-emWv Xma-kw. 30\v cmhnse Ahn-sS-\nv ipI-]pcw t{Xnsen Ahn-
Ss {]kmZkZy D-v IS-h-q-cn-tev t]mIp-p. Xriq aT-n\v Ap-Xv aq-Xns
Cpw (t-{X-ns hS-v) Xncp-\m-hm-b
- mv ]n-bv aq-Xns Cpw (sX-
p-h-iw) BWv IS-h-q-cn Xma-kw. Hmtcm `mKp\npw 200300 hnZymn-I-fmWv
a-c
- n-\msbn-bn-cp-X
- v. hSt hen-b
- e
-
- n-emWv CXn\p Ac-v. Hcp ka-bv
Hmtcm hi-p-\n-p-ap Hmtcm a-cmnt Ac-n-en-cn-m-\h
- I
- m-ia
- p-p. Ah apJm-
apJw Ccn--cp-Xv. Xncp-\m-hm-b-m hS--`n-ap-J-ambpw Xrqm ]Sn-m-d-`n-ap-J-ambpw
Ccnpw. Ipfn-m-\pw-IqSn c-p hn`m-K-mpw {]tXyI IS-hm-Wv. IngtIShv Xncp-\m-
hm-v, ]Sn-m-tdXv Xrq-cn\v ]noSv kwkvIr-X-]-T-\hpw thZ-]-T-\hpw Ipd-p.. Ipn-I-
fpsS Fw Ipd-p. 1949 sImn tZhkzw t_mUns A[o-\-X-bn-embn t{Xw. 1949
ap 1988 hsc \m-Xp-hjw At\ym\yw D-m-bn-cp-n-. 1989 apX AXv sNdn-b-tXm-Xn-
em-sW-nepw ]p\-cp-c
- n-s
- -p. \nb-a
- s
- fmw eLq-Ic
- n-p. t\ct sXc-s-Spv ]Tn-
n `mK--fn-emWv Ctm-fs ]co. 2308 _nkn apX 1778 GUn hsc aqj-I-hw-i-
nse htcn s]cp-S- v `q]XnXs-bm-Wv. AXn-\p-tijw 1949 sImn`q]-Xnbpw (C-tlw
htcn`q]Xn Xs-bm-Wv. cmPyw t]msbv am{Xw) \S-nb IS-h-qcv At\ym\yw \ma-am-
{X-sa-nepw Cpw \S-p-p- F-Xv AXn-i-b-I-c-amb kmwkvIm-cnIXpSXs-bm-Wv.
B{-tm-fPn (\-c-hw-i-im-kv{Xw) ]Tn-p--hv CsXmw hfsc {][m-\-am-Wv. ImSnepw

4
Kpl-bnepw hkn a\p-jys hn-m\-ns hfbpw XpSbpw ]Tn-m-\p
kphm-h-k-c--fmWv Ccw kmwkvIm-cnI ]mc--cy-
]n-bq-cnse (H--mew) ]md-a-\-m-cpsS t{X-am-bn-cpp CXv. (ip-I-]p-c-m-cmb Xncp-\m-
hm-mcpw ]n-bqmcpw Xn-ep ]pcm-X\thZ-]mTa-c-ns IY-bmWv hmkvX-h-
n At\ym\yw.) Ducm-fv 36 ]d-s\v Pn--c-ambn e`n-n-cp-p. CXp sIm-mWv
sNehv \S-n-cp--Xv. 1920 CXv e`n-m-Xm-b-tm-gmWv X-fpsS cmPm-hmb sImns]cp--
S-p-cm-Pm-hns\ (]-n-bqhm\-n-bmb Xe-nn cmPmhpw tIme-ncn htcn s]cp--
SpamS-kz-cq-]-sa sImn-cm-P-hw-ihpw Xn-ep _w t\ct ]d--Xm-Wv) Ducm-
f t{Xw G]n-Xv. 1949 tZhkzw t_mUn\v A[n-Imcw Inn-bX
- p-ap-X tZhkzw Hm^o-
k-dmWv `cWw. `q\n-b-aw hcp--Xn-\p-apv 12000 ]d s\p-In-p ]mShpw, IqSmsX 6000 ]d
]mw Inp ]mShpw t{X-n-\p--m-bn-cp-p. Ctm-gp-Xv 5 G `qan-bm-Wv. AXn-
emWv t{Xw nXn-sN-p-Xv.
t{X-hmkvXp:-
]-{]-Im-cc
- o-Xn-bn AIt _en-h- w, A-lm-cw, ay-lm-cw, _mly-lm-cw, acymZ
Ch-I-tfm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-Xm-Wv. Ch-Iq-SmsX henb _en-pw ]m-b-p-cbpw Dup-]p-cbpw
InWdpw tKm]p-chpw D]-tZ-h-Xm-t-{X-fpw Zo]-kvXw-`-hpw henb Ipf-hpap--v.
t{X-nse ]gw AXnse {]Xn-jvT-bpsS ]g--am-Wv. AXp-sIm-v ssk-h-kw-kvIrXn
Ime-amb alm-`m-cX
- I
- m-e
- mWv CXns Bcw`w. NXp-c
- n-ep ZznX-e{io-tIm-hn kmm-
c-co-Xn-bn-emWv. ]-h-ssienbmI-bm {iotIm-hn-en\v ]hmcpsS Ime-tmfw ]g-w
I]n-mw. ]Sn-mv Zi\w A[n-jvTm\w Icn--mWv. AXn-\p-t-{X-ns ap-`m-K--
tf-mfpw ]gwIqSpw. A[n-jvTm-\-n\v ]mZp-Iw, PK-Xn, hr-Ip-ap-Zw, Kfw, KfSn,
(]pjv]m-e-m-c-tm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b) hfcv Fn-h-bp-- v . tkm]- m \- n\v aqv ]Sn- b p- - v . hymfn-
Ifpw L\-Zzm-c-fpw ImWmw. {]Wm-f-n\v aI-c-knw-l-ap-J-amWv Np-p-I-fp-v {][m-\-{]-
km-Z-Zzmcw IqSmsX Npa-cp-Ipw L\-Zzm-c--fp-v. {iotIm-hn-en\v apJ-a-WvU-]-ap-v AI-
t -_-en-h--n sXp-]-Sn-m-dmWv InW Np--e-n\v c-v {]th-i\Zzm-cw. (In-
gpw ]Sn-m-dpw) hSt hen-b
- e
-
- n-emWv Acpw AW-bd- b
- p-ap- Iq-e
- w. ChnsS
At\ym\yw \S-p-p. hSv Ingv apf-bd. Ing-t \me--e-n sXp-In-gv A`n-ap-
J-ambn inhs D]-tZ-hXmt{Xw. sXt-\m-e--e-n Ing`n-ap-J-ambn KW-]-Xn-bp-
tSXpw hnf-p-amSw (ay-lm-cw) ]pdw-Np-a-cn hnf-p-I LSn-n--Xm-Wv. \S---en-emWv
henb _en-v. {]Z-nWhgn (_m-ly-lm-c) ]no-Sp--m-n-b-Xm-hWw. ssakq-B-{I-a-
W-Im-ev Chn-Ss [zPw \in-s
- -p. 1941 sNp-sIm-p- ]pXnb Zo]-kvXw`w m]n-
p.
Dup-]p-cb
-
v S- p-mbn hSv]Sn-mdv ]m-b]
- p-cb
- nemWv Hm^okv {]hnp-Xv. acym-
Z- Iv hS- p- I n- g - mbn c- m - a - s Xmcp InW- d p- v . c- p tKm]p- c - - f n ]Sn- m- d p- Xv
ZznX-ea
- mWv. B\-
- a
- c
- ymZbmWv (]-gw kqNn-n-p-p) hS-p-]S- n-mdv acym-Zp ]pd-
mWv A-s D]-tZ-h-Xm-t-{Xw. sXp-h-iv ]S-hp-I-fp Ipf-ap--v.

5
inev]-fpw Nn{X-fpw
Zzmc-]m-em Icn--n-emWv sImn-bn-cn-p--Xv. {iotIm-hn-en-\p-Np-p-ap Zmcp-in]-Nm-
cpX hnkva-bn-n-p--XmWv. Ac-nepw AWn-b-d-bnepw in]fp-v. hn{K-l--sfmw
ine-bmWv inhs kmf-{Km-a-enw-K-amWv. A\pw KW-]-Xnbpw Ccn-p coXn-bnem-Wv.
{iocm-a-hn-{K-l-n\v ]S-tbm--Im-ev sNdn-b-tI-Sp-]m-Sp-I Xnbn-p-s-nepw AXv AXo-
h-kp--chpw Gsd ]g--ap--Xp-amWv. l\p-amk-hpw ]qP-bp-ap-s-nepw hn{K-l-an-
. Zmcp inev]n-I-fpsS `wKn ]d-bp--Xn-t\-mfpw ImWp-Xmhpw DNn-Xw. Bn-tbm-f-Pn-
skmsskn Hm^v Cy-bp-tSbpw sImn tZhkzw t_mUn-tbpw A\p-a-Xn-tbmsS
\S-nb Kth-j-W-^-e-ambn Rm tiJ-cn Nne Nn{X- am{Xw ChnsS sku--cym-cm-
[I-cmb klr-Zbmbn ]n-Sp-p.
1. Zzmc-]me-I 2. bmgvao-p kpcn 3. ]qm-en-I-tb-nb kpcn 4. tamln-\n. 5. h\-hm-k-
n\p]pd-s-Sp- cma-th-j[mcn-bmb \-I 6. h\-hm-k
- n-\p bm\-a
- p-{Z(kmcw)-
Im-p-p. 7. {]Wmfw Xmp b-cq-]w. 8. Hme-p-Sbpw {K-hp-ambn thZ-k-Z-n-te-p-
t]m-Ip {_m-Wc
- q-]n h\-hm-kn-cm-a. 9. kqNo-ap-{Z-(hym-Jym-\a
- p-{Z)Im-Wn-p thZm-
ym-]n-I-bmbn tZhn 10. cmh-Ws koXm-]-l-c-Ww(]p-jv]I hnam\w hln-p Aiz-\n-I-
sf akqIm-p-Isf ImWmw) 11. tZhn-bpsS H-Im-en-ep X]-v. 12. Aeo-Vm-k-
\nevinJ-c-ap-{Z-[-cn [\pmcn cma-cq-]w. 13. {]Xym-eo-Vm-k-\-n hnp-sXm-Sp-p-p.
(h-cp-W-s\-Xnsc Bt-bm-kv{Xw) 14. Incm-Xn. Ipd-n-thjw (e--bnse \mcn)\m`n-bnse
kap{ZnIe-W-amb {Xnh-e-bnbpw Ce-sIm--p hkv{Xhpw Inco-Shpw {in-p-I. tamln-
\n-bm-
- ns ]g-bc
- q-]
- f
- n-sem-mb Ipdn C{]-Im-ca
- m-bn-cpncn-Ww thjw sIn-bn-
cp--Xv. 15. bp--f-n bm\-ap-{Z-Im-Wnv apt-dp- -tbm-mhv 16. In {K-tm-Sp-
Iq-Snb k--]p-cp-j-\mbn A`n-tj-I-aqn 17. am\pw agphpw [cnv, Ic-W-ap-{Z-Im-nb
inh-cq-]w. 18. Imen Nnepw In ]cn-N-bp-ambn kv{Xo. 19. [ym\-ap-{Z-Im-Wn-p Ipn.
hma\t\m am-WvtU-bt\m BImw. Hcp ]t Imn-shv koX {]k-hn eh-\p-amImw
eh-\p-ambn _-s sFXnly-fm kar--amWv ht-cn-\m-Sv. 20. InI-e-tb-nb
a\p-jys AXn-`w-K-Ic-Ww. A`ym-kn-I-fpsS A]q-amb Ic-W-am-Wn-Xv. tbmKm-`ym-kn-I-
fp-tSXpw. Ie _e-cm-aNn-am-Wv. Ij-Is Nn-hp-am-Wv. AXv Irjn-bmWv sXmgn-sev
ImWn-p-p. 21. tkm]m-\-nse sFiz-cy-Nn--. 22,23 c-p-en-Jn-X- 24. \a-kvIcn-
p- `-cq]w. 25. hymfn. 26. _en--nse \mc-knwln 27. _en--nse Nncn-p {]k-
-ap-Jw. 28. {XntImWanXn Ipw-Ipfw apX IS-h-qhsc.
Nn{X-s
- f-mw-Xs m\-ap{Z, ]e-hn[w \r-Ic
- W
- a
- p{Z Fn-hsb Ipdn-p-h
- b
- mWv.
hnm-\-ns hnhn[ apJ--fmWv ImWp-Xv. kv{Xov Aym-]-\tam thZ-]-T-\tam
\njn-am-bn-cp-n-sp ImWn-p Ic-Wa
- p-{Z-Ifpw ImWmw. CXv hfsc {][m-\s
- av Icp-
X-Ww. {]tXy-Inpw sN---bnepw hnm-\-ap-{Z-bn-ep iyma-fm-cq]w ImWp--Xp-sIm-v.
enJn-X
-
: `mc-X
- p-g, Xncp-\m-hm,(hm-Ib
- qcv s]cppssd), IS-h
- q {iocm-at- {Xw apX
]d-p-fn, Xr{]-bm, s]cn-bm hsc 2308 _nkn-a
- p-X aqj-Ih
- wiw `cn-p-p. Xe-nn

6
tate-h-pw Iogvh--p-ambn 2 Bm\w cmPm-hn\pw Bgvh-t-cnpw. Hv ]d-
nfn(A-c--fn) Iogvhw, Hv Fc-a-wKew Xfnbpw ad-h-tcn (am-d-tcnbpw D Xe-
n tate-hw. _nkn 580 Iogvh-s Xp-cm\v aqv Inn-b-tmfv, {][m\ Bm\w
]d-p--fn-bm-Ip-p. _nkn 200t\mS-Spv cmPmhv atlm-Z-b-]pcw m]n-p-Xv CXns\
XpSm-Wv. AXv I-h-S-{]m-[m-\yw-t\Spp
XriqPnm tIc-f
- ns kwkvIm-cnIXe-m-\a
- mWv. tIcfns ay-`m-Kh
- pam-Wv. Ej-
`m-New, hrj-`m-{Zn-]pcw apX-emb ]gb kwkvIrX \ma--fp-v. \n F inh-hm-l\w
]g-b-Im-e-sd-tmUp-I-fn tIc-f-nse hnZzm-msc hnfn-n-cp t]cm-Wv. hnZzm-m-cpsS
Bm\ \K-cn-bmb h-`s he-`n-I-em-im-e-bnse inh-\n, `h-\-n-am-cmWv hf-`n-bq-Wn-
th-gvkn-n-bpsS Ing- {_mmbn \f m]n-Xv. Ipe-ti-Jc Bgvhmm-cpsS atlm-Z-
b-]p-cw, Xr-Wm-aX
- n-eIw, Xncp-h
- n-pfw Fnh _nkn 120 m]n-Xa
- m-hpw-apv, _nkn
500se s]cp-h\w ]qcw XpS-pw-apv, htcn s]cp-S-
- nse BZn s]cp-h\
- a
- mb ImS-h
- q-cn-
tev, \mw BZyw k-cn-p. ]md-a-\, ]n-bq-cns t{X-am-bn-cp--Xn-\m hcm-l-I-
tmfw ]g-a
- p-v \c-hw-ii
- m-kv{X-]c
- a
- mb sFXn-ly-v. (ssa{Xm-hc
- p-Wn-Imew) sImn-
cm-Pm-sh aqjn-I-hw-in-bmWv BZyw apX N{I-hn. (]-gb Xr-W-appw, ht-cn-
bn Xncp-h-np-f-n-\-Spv ImWmw) enJn-X--fpsS ]gw t{X-ap--m-nb Ime-
t-XmImw. Fmepw AXn-ep ]cm-ai-v AXn-tesd ]g--ap-mhpw P\-X-bpsS
B{tmf-Pn--emb Adn-hpIqSn AXn-ep-mhmw. (k-_v-Bt Ncn{Xw Ccw sFXn-
ly-fpw BNm-c-fpw IqSn tN-Xm-Wv)
enJnXw 1 he-p-h-iv ImWp--Xv.
DAav (Hmw) Huwt_mlrvZnknti]Ig-h-e]\r
]WvUm-{Xe Cui]e Ddp]fn (Sn)he-]-hD
BbYsFXp-\mevp\mevn-\mevaq-p-]L
- Sn
hcp-tJc(ssJd)fmeb (sFp-\mv Im-S-I-n-emWv hmbn-p--sX-n 8,4)
eh-X]
- c
- peDeq-X\meznS-]X]nDucv Dhveh
- k
Hmw Awt_m-lrZv Znin -t] Ig-]-X (I-S-]--h, IS-h--X) \r`WvUm-c-nev Cui-]e
Ddp-Sn h-`-D-cm-bY 8, \meqv \meo (32 s\ \membn `mKn--Xn) 3 ]Sn-h-chv (24) tIc-
fm-eb (tJ-cf
- m-eb
- ) (h)eh(h-`
- )tX](h)cpsS DeqX\mezn-S]
- Z- hn Ducp h-`k (h-`
- ky).
ImS-h
- `tXh-cpsS Ducm-sWpw (K-Th
-
- `
- IS-h
- ` Du) ImS ]eh (he-_, ]-h) \r]-
`-WvUm-c-am-sWpw Cuiz-cs ]eDcp--Sn-I h-`-cm-bv Fv \mepv (32\v) \mep-
hoXw 3]Sn hcp tIc-fm-e-b-nse Af-shpw BZy-s- aq-p-h-cn-I-fn-ep--v. AXnse
hchv Dcp--Sn-I F{]-Imcw t]w (sN-e-hv) sN-W-sapw hy-am-bn-]-d-n-cn-p-p.
]I-ghw (]-I-gn-bw) AYhm _lvdpN \S-p thZ-]m-T-im-e-bm-sWpw ImWmw. IS-h-q-
c-s kn[n ]I-gnbw \S-p thZ-\
- mb ]I-gh
- e
- kn-[n-bp-amWv. 32 {Kma-mcpw
\m-ep-hoXw 128 ]Sn-h-c-hp `WvUm-c-ap--m-bn-cp-p tIc-f-nse Cu thZ-]m-T-im-ev
Hcp-Im-es
- v A-sa-Spmw \memw-hc
- n-bnse 1,4 A-c
- f
- n-. `WvUm-c
- nse hchv

7
]-hi-X-]cpsS (100 ]h AYhm Xfnim-J) Dgp-X-`q-an-bnse (Irjn-`q-an)-hchpw, 4 hn[
]Z-hn-Ifpw, Ducnse D-hm-Zn-Ifpw apw \S-m-\p--XmWv
2 CSphiv ImWp enJnXw
AY{io lm lm lm (B-em-]-\-amImw KoXw)
kpZpKv[]
- b(^-W)sXu HuwK
Koa-e[o{hn[rWCh[rfpasFe
k]-a-KtIm GthKvE[vXvKX
BX-\-X\ (C-sXm-cp-Ko-Xw-t]m-ep--v)
(C-Xn EtKz-Z-sa- ]Zhpw kcn-K-a-][ F kzc-fpw [q bpw hcp-p--v. {]mIr-X-n-
emWv cN-\. Aw hy-a
- s
- bnepw Cu ]Z- {][m-\s
- a-p-Ic
- p-XW
- w) KoX-\r-{- ]-
[m-\-amb hnm-\hpw ChnsS Hcp Imev ]In-cp-p Fp Icp-X-Ww.
AY{io Fv awK-f-hmIyw. lm lm lm Fv Bem-]-\w.
KoXw kpZpKv]b^Wn-sXu (hmZyw Huw K)
Kowe[ohcn-[rW Ch (hmZyw [rfpw sFe)
kzcw k]-aK (hmZyw E[v[vX
tIm G th (tIm-th) hmZyw KrvKX
hmZyw Wzw X\-X\ (\q]p-c-[z-\n)
C{]-Imcw Hcp KoX-hm-Zy-\r-ta-f-amWv. ]hnbn ]mS-ense A\--i-b\ alm-hn-
jvWp-hmWv AI-p cma-s\ kqN\ ImWmw.
3. hmXn `mKv 9 hcn
Imfn-\mIq]
tO-Pl
HmwP-IZ- p
Hmw]NpI]nI
cv]ytmXWvTIvk
Xyw hX tIXm{cc
Gep (Nnw)Xpcv
fqc- k-Ie
c[ Cuw
(Im-fn-\mq]-tN(bv) Pb-l. Hmw PK(-b) Zpt Hmw ]ip, I]n(-I-hn), Im A]n
tImZ-WvUv kXyw hZ, tIZm-cc
- ma, Ggp Zp-fpcv (7 Zp-fp Ducv) kI-ecpw \n\--
[o-\w. Iq]-sa-mev InW. IS-h-q-cnse tXhcpw ]me-ev Imhnse `{Z-Im-fnbpw Xn
At`-Zy-_--ap--v. ]me-se `{Z-Imfn ImS-Imw-]m-ense InW-dn NmSnb IY {]mtZ-in-I-
ambn {]kn-n-bp-X
- m-Wv. Imfn-\m-cvIq-]s
- av FSp-m, Cu aqp t-{X-f
- p-ambn _-
s-pw ]d-bm-hp--Xm-Wv. Imfn-\mp ]m- tNbv (Ip-v) Pbw FmWv BZy-]-Zw. (Iq-
]m Fm-sW-nev Imfn-\mn-W-nse, ambm-n-W-dnse, hgn-bm-bn hne-kp-, Imfo]p-

8
{X-\mb, ambm-]p-{X-\mb, Pb-\v Pbw) ]ip- Imhy-Irpsf-n-h-sbbpw
tImZWvUtbpw kmn-\nn, kXyw-am{Xw ]d-bp-p. tIZm-c-cm-av 7ae-I-fn-ep-ff
kcpw A[o-\-am-Wv. (k-]vX-Ip-em-New Ggp-a-e) Nnw Ggp-F--Xn\pw Zp-sa--Xn\pw
CS-bn-em-Wv ImWp--Xv. {Kw, hnv, ]ip, tbmK-Z-WvUv Fn-h-sXmv BPo-h-\mw cm{-
n\pw cmPm-hn-\p-ambn kXyw sNmp `ojva-{]-Xn--bm-Wn-Xv. Nnw ssk-h-en-]n-
bmWv. CXn-\p-k-am-\-am-bXv Xncp-h-n-p-fpw I-p. {_n-en-]n-bn Iqn-hm-bn-m arXyp
FvIn-pw.

hnp-sXmv Ggv k]vX-IpeKncn-am-Xr--fpsS t]cn Ducn-s\mw k-c-Xn(-Im-a){]m]vXn-

m-bn, ]ip-ar-Kc
-
-
- mbn I-hy-\njvT sNp-sav Zpsb `Pn-p-h
- cpw {_-ns
]mZ-amb Imfn-bpsS \mep-h-is ]m-hp-Ifpw(amw) Imphcp-amb hn-h-m([-
\pc) kXyw sNp tmI-am-Wn-Xv. Cuw F tZho a{w IS-h-q-cn sshZn-Ihpw
Xm{n-Ihpw AssZz-Xa
- m-bn-s ]cn-t]m-jn-s
- -n-cp-p Fp-Im-Wn-p-p. hmXn (Zzm-
c-]p-cn)Imp-h
- c
- psS Cu a{w AYhm kXy-hm-NIw cmam-bW
- I
- m-es cma\pw alm-`m-
c-XI
- m-es [\p-ccpw kwL-Im-es hn-hcpw Hcp-t]mse Imp-t]m-p. adnv hmbn-
m Cuw[ceI- k cfpcvXp(Nn- w)ep Gc- c cvXmtIXhXywkIWvTXtm
]ycv]nINp]HmwcvZpIPHmwlPtN]qcv\mfnIm (Cuw Xm{nIw. [c-eIw `qan-
-Iw. kc-fqcvXpep. kcf-amb Ducnse KXn-bnev (KXpep sXep-Kp) arXypep (Nnw)
Gmcv XmtI- X - h Xyw (ktI- X - ] Xyw. k- t I- X - ns ]p{X, k Iqn- h m- b n- m
kmtItXmwkw) kI-- Xtm (I-- s\ tIm, kIv-s\ tIm) hn\v ]p{X\v(]y--
cv) I]nI (Imt]-b-tKm-{Xw) Np] (ip-`) Hmw, E-Zp-IPv (Ez-Z-n\v m\n) Hmw l P (l-
Imcw ]Im-c-am-hp Im-S-I-ssi-en-bn ]P AYhm `P)`P, tN-]-qcv (tN]\v
tN-aw-Kew Pb--aw-Kew tNmkv Iq-dv)\mfnI (\mgnIm)
Aw kmtI-X-]p-{X\pw, kmtItXmwkhpw I-s\ cmPm-hns ]p{X\pw Imt]-b-
tKm-{X-nse hymI-c-W-]-WvUn-X\pw, EtKz-Z-\pw Bb Pb--aw-Kew tNmkv F

9
X{n-ap-Jys kc-fa
- mb Cu `qhmkw `qKXn Ah-km-\n-nv arXyp-h
- i
- K
- \
- mb \mfnI (\m-gn-
I) AYhm aplqw. c--n hmbn-m-hp enJn-X-am-Wv. Hcp Ah-Imin arXyp-
{]m]n-p-tm ASp Ah-Im-in-bmb Pb-a
- w-Ke
-
- n\v Iqdv {]Jym-]nv kXyw sNbvXn-
cp-X
- m-hmw.
4. Hmw kzkvXn{io Hmwev ]v ^(ep) knw (eh-eo-iz-c)Hmw eh\v kn-sa-p-amhmw.
eXv hbm daken[n]mank
e evan
]v ^ ^Ww ^Ww (e-van^Ww AYhm evan-bpsS ]Ww \mWyw)sFizcyw. evao-
^-Wk
- n-w.
{iotIm-hn-en\p ]pds Npa-cn-ep enJn-Xw. eXzbm cak (cma-k, cma-kzm-an-v) A]q-
am-Wv. cma, cma-]p-{X-\mb eh-s\-n-h-cpsS \ma-ap-v. evao-\m-a-hp-amImw. htcn \mnse
A`ym-kn-I-fmb ]Wn(^-Wn)mcpw \mb(-K)-mcpw cma-]p-{Xs ehs IqsS t{XXm-bp-
Km-Zn-bn-emWv ht-cn-bn Xma-ka
- p-d
- n-s
- XmWtm Ahn-Sb
- nse sFXn-lyw. Cu sFXn-
ly-n\v Dt]m_e-I-amWv ta]-d enJn-Xw.
Hmw {]W-h-n A]v^-\p-knw (e-vao-kn-w)
AZzbm (A-Zz-b-\mb, Atbm-ym-[n-]-Xnbmb) cma-ey[n]-m-ankm(kzm-an-bp-sS)
Xe-nn Xmeq-nse av cma-t-{X-
Xe-nn Xmeq-nse theq ]m-b
- nse shm-
- q-cnepw IS-tmv ]m-b-
nse shmdmpw Hmtcm {iocm-a-t-{X-ap-v 11mw \qm--p-ap-X-ep t{X-`-c-W-tc-J-
I-fmWv shm--q-cn-ep--Xv. AXn-\p-apt t{Xw D-m-bn-cn--Ww. Xncp-n, Xncp-n-
hS-t-Sv, I]yq, ImWn--q, apc-b-a-K-e-sao Ducm-f-m-cpsS t{X-am-bn-cp-p. cmh-
W-h[w Ignv p`n-X\
- mb cma-k
- -am-bX
- n-\m Pe-Zr-n-bmWv. \q-Xn-cn-am-cpsS kwL-
I-fn-tbm-Sp-Iq-Snb tXhtkh F Dhw . Xpemw Hp-ap-X 12 Znhkw ]Xn-hp--m-bn-cp-
p. NmIymIq-n-\p-apv \nd-am-ebpw tIfnbpw ]-hm-Zyhpw ]Xn-hp--v. Ipap-Z-n\pap-
I-fn B\bpw IpXn-cbpw Imfbpw D-v. {iotImhnen\p Nppw cmam-b-W-IY Bkv]-Z-
amnb ayqds]-bv n-p-Ifpw. shm-d-m-n\v IqSp-X ]g--ap sFXn-ly-ap--v. Hcp
Imev kz-\m-K--fpsS hmk-m\-am-bn-cpp ChnsS teml-k-ar--am-bn-cp-p. AK-
kvXy-ap\n Chn-Ss {]Ir-Xn-`w-Kn-I-v ChnsS X]\p-jvTn-p. Nppw ImSpw sXfn-\o-c-cp-
hn-Ifpap-m-bn-cp-p. Acp-hn-bpsS ]Sn-m-dp Hcp Kpl-bn-emWv ap\n Xma-kn--Xv. Hcn-
shw tIdn Kpl-bn-sen ap\n-bpsS Xt]m-`w-K-ap--m-bn. hcp-Ws\ AS-nb cmas\
[ym\n ap\nv B cq]-n cma {]Xy--\mbn. sh-n-\-Sn-bn-ep Hcp hn{Klw
Is- - S pv {]Xn- j v T n- m cma ]d- - X - \ p- k - c nv ap\n ChnsS hnjv W p- h n- { Klw
cmak-n {]Xn-jvTn-p. shhpw A-d(Kp-l)-bpw ImSpw tN CS-amWv sh-d-
mSv. tImS-\m-v, sXtSv, a-mv]mgn-tbmv, \Sp-hnmv, a\-m-cmWv Ducm-f. Xe-
n-bnse {]kn--amb asmcp {iocm-a-t-{X-amWv Xncp-hn-ezm-a-e-bnse hnezm-{Zn-\m-Ys
t{Xw.

\n Cy Btm-f-Pn-skmssk-
10 n,
11
12
13