Ono sto je vrlo bitno u engleskom jeziku je red reci u recenici.

to vam nece predstavljati nikakav problem

ukoliko upamtite vrlo jednostavnu "formulu".

SVOMPT je sve sto bi trebalo da znate kako bi red reciu vasoj recenici bio pravilan. Naravno, potrebno je
znati i sta ova slova oznacavaju.

S (subject) - subjekat
V (verb) - glagol
O (object) - objekat
M (manner) - prilog za nacin
P (place) - prilog za mesto
T (time) - prilog za vreme

Ukoliko pratite ovaj logicki sled ovih elemenata, recenice koje pisete ili izgovarate na engleskom jeziku ce
biti gramaticki tacke.
Veliki broj ljudi kojima je maternji jezik engleski ne znaju za SVOMPT i prilicno grese. Neki se pak
oslanjaju na osecaj koji, vrlo cesto, moze da izneveri. Zbog toga je najbolje odvojiti par minuta i
memorisati sled ovih elemenata.

Primer:
I bought an umbrella by a mistake at the supermarket yesterday.

S-I
V - bought
O - an umbrella
M - by a mistake
P - at the supermarket
T - yesterday

U zavisnosti od toga sta zelimo da kazemo ili naglasimo, ne moraju svi elementi biti ukljuceni.
Vrlo cesto mozemo imati samo SVO (subjekat-glagol-objekat).

I like you.
S - I V - like O - you

Prosta recenica se sastoji samo od subjekta i glagola.

He works.
S - he V - works

POMOCNI GLAGOLI U ENGLESKOM

JEZIKU
(Auxiliary Verbs)
Pomocni glagoli sluze za gradjenje glagolskih vremena kako u srpskom, tako i
u engleskom jeziku. Oni, na neki nacin predstavljaju nocnu moru ucenicima
zbog toga sto pomocni glagoli u engleskom jeziku mogu imati i funkciju glavnih
glagola.
Postoje tri pomocna glagola:
1. to be
2. to do
3. to have

TO BE (biti)
Ovaj glagol ne predstavlja veliki problem prilikom ucenja s obzirom da i u
nasem jeziku postoji pomocni glagol biti. Kako vec znate, glagol biti u srpskom
jeziku ima funkciju gradjenja prezenta, proslog vremena i futura. Isti je slucja i
u engleskom jeziku.

Present Tense (sadasnje vreme)

I am - ja sam
you are - ti si
he is - on je
she is - ona je
it is - ono je
we are - mi smo
you are - vi ste
they are - oni su
skraceni oblik: I'm, you're, he's...

I am not - ja nisam
you are not - ti nisi
he is not - on nije
she is not - ona nije
it is not - ono nije
we are not - minismo
you are not - vi niste
they are not - oni nisu
skraceni oblik: you aren't, he isn't...

Am I - jesam li?
Are you - jesi li?
Is he - da li je on?
Is she - da li je ona?
Is it - da li je ono?
Are we - jesmo li?
Are you - jeste li?
Are they - jesu li?
Past Tense (proslo vreme)
I was - ja sam bio/la
you were - ti si bio/la
he was - on je bio
she was - ona je bila
it was - ono je bilo
we were - mi smo bili
you were - vi ste bili
they were - oni su bili

I was not - nisam bio/la

You were not - nisi bio/la
he was not - nije bio
she was not - nije bila
it was not - nije bilo
we were not - nismo bili
you were not - niste bili
they were not - nisu bili
skraceni oblik: I wasn't, you weren't..

Was I - da li sam bio/la

Were you - da li si bio/la
Was he - da li je bio
Was she - da li je bila
Was it - da li je bilo
Were we - da li smo bili
Were you - da li ste bili
Were they - da li su bili

Future Tense (buduce vreme)

I will - ja cu
you will - ti ces
he will - on ce
she will - ona ce
it will - ono ce
we will - mi cemo
you will - vi cete
they will - oni ce
skraceni oblik: I'll, you'll...
I will not (won't) - ja necu
you will not - ti neces
he will not - on nece
she will not - ona nece
it will not - ono nece
we will not - mi necemo
you will not - vi necete
they will not - oni nece

will I - da li cu
will you - da li ces
will he - da li ce on
will she - da li ce ona
will it - da li ce ono
will we - da li cemo
will we - da li cete
will they - da li ce oni
Zakljucak:
Glagol TO BE u sadasnjem vremenu ima oblike: am, is i are.
Glagol TO BE u proslom vremenu ima oblike: was i were.
Glagol TO BE u buducem vremenu ima oblik will.

Potvrdni oblik se gradi tako sto pomocni glagol dolazi nakon licne zamenice.
Odricni oblik se gradi kada se na pomocni glagol doda recca NOT.
Upitni oblik se gradi inverzijom subjekta i pomocnog glagola.

TO DO (ciniti, raditi)
Ovaj pomocni glagol u engleskom jeziku sluzi za gradjenje prostog sadasnjeg
i prostog proslog vremena i ima dva oblika za sadasnje vreme (DO i
DOES). DO se koristi za I, you, we, they. DOES se koristi samo za 3.lice
jednine (he, she i it). U proslom vremenu on glasi DID i isti je za sva lica.
U recenicama u prostom sadasnjem i prostom proslom vremenu, glagoli
DO/DOES i DID nisu vidljivi u potvrdnom obliku iako postoje. Medjutim, nije
preporucljivo da se pocetnici zamaraju ovom informacijom jer ce ona za njih
biti vrlo konfuzna.

Odricni oblik se gradi tako sto se na pomocni glagol doda recca NOT.
sadasnje vreme:
I do not want to go there. ili skraceno I don't want to go there.
She does not live here. ili skraceno She doesn't live here.
proslo vreme:
I did not want to go there. ili skraceno I didn't want to go there.

Upitni oblik se gradi inverzijom subjekta i pomocnog glagola.

sadasnje vreme:
Do you live here?
Does he live here?
proslo vreme:
Did you live here?

TO HAVE (imati)
Sa ovim pomocnim glagolom tvore se perfektivni glagolski oglici i perfektivna
vremena (sadasnje perfektivno vreme i pluskvamperfekat). Kao i
prethodnipomocni glagol i ovaj ima dva oblika za sadasnje vreme (HAVE i
HAS). HAVE se koristi za I, you, we they. HAS se koristi samo za 3.lice
jednine (he, she i it). U proslom vremenu on glasi HAD i isti je za sva lica.

Potvrdni oblik:
sadasnje vreme: I have been there.
She has been there.
proslo vreme: I had been there.

Odricni oblik se gradi dodavanjem recce NOT na pomocni glagol.

sadasnje vreme:
I have not been there ili skraceno I haven't been there.
She has not been there ili skraceno She hasn't been there.
proslo vreme:
I had not been there ili skraceno I hadn't been there.

Upitni oblik se gradi inverzijom subjekta i pomocnog glagola.

sadasnje vreme:
Have you been there?
Has she been there?
proslo vreme:
Had you been there?
 GLAGOLSKA VREMENA (TENSES)
THE SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE/Prosto sadasnje vreme

Upotreba:
Sadasnje prosto vreme se koristi za radnje koje se desavaju uvek ili se,
manje-vise, periodicno ponavljaju. To znaci da se ovo vreme oznacava neku
cinjenicu, naviku, obavezu i raspored.

Forma:
Za gradjenje ovog vremena koristi se pomocni glagol TO DO. Kako bi bilo
jasnije, prikazacu kako se gradi cela recenica u ovom vremenu, kako potvrdna
i odricna tako i upitna.

+ Potvrdni oblik
Subjekat + glavni glagol (za 3.lice jednine se na glavni glagol dodaje nastavak -s)
I work every day.
He works every day.

- Odricni oblik
Subjekat + does not ili skraceno doesn't (za 3.lice jednine) / do not ili skraceno don't (za
sva ostala lica)+ glavni glagol
*Prilikom gradjenja odricnog oblika, na glavni glagol se ne dodaje nastavk -s za 3.lice jednine
I don't work every day.
He doesn't work every day.
* Dakle, odricni se oblik se gradi tako sto se na pomocni glagol, u ovom
slucaju TO DO doda recca NOT.

? Upitni oblik
Do/Does (za 3.lice jednine) + subjekat + glavni glagol
*Prilikom gradjenja upitnog oblika, na glavni glagol se ne dodaje nastavak -s za 3.lice jednine.
*Upitni oblik se gradi inverzijom (zamenom mesta) subjekta i pomocnog glagola.
Do you work every day?
Does he work every day?

Priloske odredbe koje se koriste za ovo vreme kako bi pokazale ucestalost

radnji su: always, often, usually, every day/week/month/year, occasionally...
Kao primer, uzecemo glagol sleep - spavati.
potvrdni oblik

I sleep
You sleep
He sleeps
She sleeps
It sleeps
We sleep
You sleep
They sleep

odricni oblik

I don't sleep
You don't sleep
He doesn't sleep
She doesn't sleep
It doesn't sleep
We don't sleep
You don't sleep
They don't sleep

upitni oblik

Do I sleep?
Do you sleep?
Does he sleep?
Does she sleep?
Does it sleep?
DO we sleep?
Do you sleep?
Do they sleep?

THE PRESENT PERFECT TENSE (SADANJE SVRENO VREME)

Present Perfect Tense (Sadanje svreno vreme) se gradi od glagola TO HAVE u Present Simple Tense-u
(Prostom sadanjem vremenu), tj. have/has i past participle-a (prolog participa) glavnog glagola.
Proli particip se kod pravilnih glagola gradi kada se na infinitiv doda nastavak ed.
Kod nepravilnih glagola proli particip ima drugaiji oblik (tzv. trea kolona):
play played
work worked
sleep slept

Potvrdni oblik
Jednina (singular) Mnoina (plural)
I have (I`ve)worked Ja sam radio We have (We`ve) worked Mi smo radili
You have (You`ve)worked Ti si radio You have (You`ve) worked Vi ste radili
He has (He`s)worked On je radio They have (They`ve) worked Oni su radili
She has (She`s) worked Ona je radila
It has (It`s) worked Ono je radio
 Jednina (singular)
I have (I`ve) slept Ja sam spavao
You have (You`ve) slept Ti si spavao
He has slept (He`s) On je spavao
She has slept (She`s) Ona je spavala
It has slept (It`s) Ono je spavalo
Mnoina (plural)
We have slept (We`ve) Mi smo spavali
You have slept (You`ve) Vi ste spavali
They have slept (They`ve) Oni su spavali

Upitni oblik glagola u Present Perfect Tense-u (Sadanjem svrenom vremenu) se gradi inverzijom (u odnosu na
potvrdni oblik)pomonog glagola TO HAVE (u sadanjem vremenu) i line zamenice.

Upitni oblik Yes/No questions

Jednina (singular)
Have I worked? Da li sam ja radio?
Have you worked? Da li si ti radio?
Has he worked? Da li je on radio?Has she
worked? Da li je ona radila?
Has it worked? Da li je ono radilo?
Mnoina (plural)
Have we worked? Da li smo mi radili?
Have you worked? Da li ste vi radili?
Have they worked? Da li su oni radili?

Na Yes/No pitanja se odgovara kratkim odgovorima (Short answers) na sledei nain:

Have I worked?Yes, I have / No, I haven`t Have we worked? - Yes, we have / No, we Haven`t.
Have you worked? Yes, you have / No, you haven`t Have you worked? Yes you have / No, we haven`t
Has he worked? Yes, he has / No, he hasn`t. Have they worked? Yes, they have / No, they haven`t.
Has she worked? Yes, she has/ No, she hasn`t.
Has it worked? Yes, it has / No, it hasn`t.

Upitni oblik Wh- questions

Jednina (singular)
Where have I worked? Gde sam ja radio?
Where have you worked? Gde si ti radio?
Where has he worked? Gde je on radio?
Where has she worked? Gde je ona radila?
Where has it worked? Gde je ono radilo?
Mnoina (plural)
Where have we worked? Gde smo mi radili?
Where have you worked? Gde ste vi radili?
Where have they worked? Gde su oni radili?

Odrini oblik se gradi od odrinog obika glagola Have (odnosno Has za tree lice jednine) i Past Participle-a
glavnog glagola.

Odrini oblik

Jednina (singular) Mnoina (plural)

I have not (haven`t) worked Ja nisam radio
You have not (haven`t) worked Ti ne radi
He has not (hasn`t) worked On nije radio
She has not (hasn`t) worked Ona nije radila
It has not (hasn`t) worked Ono nije radilo
We have not (haven`t) worked Mi nismo radili
You have not (haven`t) worked Vi niste radili
They have not (haven`t) worked Oni nisu
radili

Upotreba: The Present Perfect Tense (Sadanje svreno vreme) se koristi za:

Radnju koja je upravo zavrena, te se stoga uy njega esto nalazi vremenska odrednica just (upravo)
She has just gone out. (Ona je upravo izala.)

Radnju koja se desila u prolosti u neko neodreeno vreme:

I have travelled to America. (Putovao sam u Ameriku.)

Prolu radnju koja ima vidljive rezultate (posledice) u sadanjosti.

The lift has broken down. We have to use the stairs. (Lift se pokvario. Moramo da idemo stepenicama.)
I have washed the car. It looks lovely. (Oprao sam kola. Izgledaju odlino.)

Radnju koja se desila u prolosti ali je mogue da se ponovi u sadanjosti.

I have seen wolves in that forest. You can still see them sometimes. (Video sam vukove u toj umi. Jo uvek
ih ponekad moe videti.)
 Radnju koja je deava u nezavrenom vremenskom periodu. Vremenski period koji traje esto je oznaen
sa today, this morning / afternoon / evening / week / month / year / century, recently, lately...
I haven`t seen him today. (Nisam ga danas video.)
He has had a lot of bad luck recently. (U poslednje vreme nije imao mnogo sree.)

U ovom znaenju esto se javljaju i prilozi ever i never da oznae ivotna iskustva subjekta.
He has never eaten Chenese food. (On nikada nije jeo kinesku hranu.)

Radnju koja je poela u prolosti i jo uvek traje. U tom smislu se koriste for i since. For se koristi da oznai
vremenski period u kojem radnja traje.
We have lived here for 10 years. (ivimo ovde ve 10 godina.)

Since oznaava trenutak kada je radnja poela.

They have been friends since their schooldays. (Oni su prijatelji jo od kolskih dana.)

PRESENT PERFECT TENSE and PAST SIMPLE TENSE

Present Perfect Tense se koristi kada govorimo o radnjama koje su se dogodile u neodreenom trenutku u
prolosti.
Mary has travelled to America. (Meri je putovala u Ameriku.)
I have broken my leg. (Slomila sam nogu.)

Past Simple e se upotrebiti kada imamo vremensku frazu koja nam jasno ukazuje na to kada se neto
odigralo u prolosti.
Mary travelled to America last year. (Meri je putovala u Ameriku prole godine.)
I broke my leg when I was ten. (Slomila sam nogu kad mi je bilo deset godina.)

Kada opisujemo odreeni dogaaj esto emo praviti kombinacije ova dva vremena. Kada navodimo injenicu
do koje je dolo moemo upotrebiti Present Perfect. Ali ve svaka druga detaljnija informacija vezana za tu
situaciju e biti izraena Past Simple Tense-om.
I have lost my wallet. (Izgubila sam novanik.)
It happened in a supermarket. (To se desilo u supermarketu.)
I came to the cashier but there wasn`t a wallet in my bag. (Dola sam na kasu ali novanik nije bio u torbi.)
I was desperate. (Bila sam oajna.)

Uz re when ide Past Simple Tense, jer se trai tano vreme u prolosti.
Have you ever been to England? (Da li si ikada bio u Engleskoj?)
Yes, I have. (Da, jesam.)
When did you go there? (Kada si iao tamo?)
I went there three years ago. (Iao sam pre tri godine.)

THE SIMPLE PAST TENSE (PROSTO PROLO VREME)

Simple Past Tense (Prosto prolo vreme) pravilnih glagola se gradi od osnovnog oblika glagola (infinitiv bez to)
i nastavka -ed

Potvrdni oblik
Jednina (singular) Mnoina (plural)
I worked Ja sam radio We worked Mi smo radili
You worked Ti si radio You worked Vi ste radili
He worked On je radio They worked Oni su radili
She worked Ona je radila
It worked Ono je radilo

Ako se infinitiv glagola zavrava na e, nastavak glasi d. Na primer:

He closed (close zatvoriti)

Ako se glagol zavrava na y i ukoliko je ispred njega suglasnik, y prelazi u i. Na primer:

He cried (cry -plakati).

Ako je ispred y samoglasnik, nema promene.

She played (play igrati).
He stayed (stay ostati).

Ukoliko se infinitiv zavrava na jedan suglasnik ispred koga je kratak, naglaen samoglasnik, taj krajnji suglasnik se podvostruava
pred nastavkom za Simple Past Tense.
plan planned (planirati)
stop stopped (zaustaviti)

Nepravilni glagoli imaju posebne oblike za prolo vreme i oni se ue napamet.

Upitni oblik glagola u Simple Past Tense-u se gradi od pomonog glagola Do u prolom vremenu koji glasi Did i
osnovnog oblika glavnog glagola.

Upitni oblik Yes/No questions

Jednina (singular)
Did I work? Da li sam ja radio?
Did you work? Da li si ti radio?
Did he work? Da li je on radio?
Did she work? Da li jeona radila?Did it work?
Da li je ono radilo?
Mnoina (plural)
Did we work? Da li smo mi radili?
Did you work? Da li ste vi radili?
Did they work? Da li su oni radili?

Na Yes/No pitanja se odgovara kratkim odgovorima (Short answers) na sledei nain:

Did I work? Yes, I did / No, I didnt
Did you work? Yes, you did / No, you didnt.
Did he work? Yes, he did / No, he didnt
Did she work? Yes, she did / No, she didnt
Did it work? Yes, it did / No, it didnt
Did we work? Yes, we did / No, we didnt
Did you work? Yes you did / No, you didnt
Did they work? Yes, they did / No, they didnt

Upitni oblik Wh- questions

Jednina (singular)
Where did I work? Gde sam ja radio?
Where did you work? Gde si ti radio?
Where did he work? Gde je on radio?
Where did she work? Gde je ona radila?
Where did it work? Gde ono radilo?
Mnoina (plural)
Where did we work? Gde smo mi radili?
Where did you work? Gde ste vi radili?
Where did they work? Gde su oni radili?

Nepravilni glagoli grade upitni oblik na isti nain. Odrini oblik se gradi od odrinog oblika pomonog
glagola Do u prolom vremenu i osnovnog oblika glavnog glagola.

Odrini oblik
Jednina (singular) Mnoina (plural)
I did not (didn`t) work Ja nisam radio We did not (didn`t) work Mi nismo radili
You did not (didn`t) work Ti nisi radio You did not (didn`t) work Vi niste radili
He did not (didn`t) work On nije radio They did not (didn`t) work Oni nisu radili
She did not (didn`t) work Ona nije radila
It did not (didn`t) work Ono nije radilo

Nepravilni glagoli grade odrini oblik na isti nain.

Upotreba:

Prosto prolo vreme se koristi za radnju koja je zavrena u prolosti. Karakteristine vremenske odrednice uz koje
se upotrebljava su:

Yesterday jue, the day before yesterday prekjue, two years ago pre dve godine, three hours ago pre tri
sata, last Monday prolog ponedeljka, last year prole godine, in 1977 1977.-e i sl.

I worked in a shop last year. (Radio sam u prodavnici prole godine.)

My brother finished his homework an hour ago. (Moj brat je zavrio domai pre sat vremena.)
Last week we decided to buy a new house. (Prole nedelje smo odluili da kupimo novu kuu.)
Sandra closed the window a few minutes ago. (Sandra je zatvorila prozor pre nekoliko minuta.)
My father built this house in 1997. (Moj otac je sagradio ovu kuu 1997.-e)
The day before yesterday Marko bought a nice hat. (Prekjue je Marko kupio lep eir.)

THE PRESENT SIMPLE TENSE (SADANJE PROSTO VREME)

Simple Present Tense (Prosto sadanje vreme) se gradi od osnovnog oblika glagola (infinitiv bez to). Na primer,
infinitiv sa to glagola raditiglasi to work a infinitiv bez to glasi work. Za sva lica osim za tree lice jednine potvrdni
oblik prostog sadanjeg vremena glasi work. Za tree lice se dodaje s.

Potvrdni oblik
Jednina (singular) Mnoina (plural)
I work Ja radim We work Mi radimo
You work Ti radi You work Vi radite
He works On radi They work Oni rade
She works Ona radi
It works Ono radi

Nastavak s u treem licu jednine moe imati razliite oblike. Ukoliko se glagol zavrava na vokal o nastavak e glasiti es, kao u
primeru glagola go koji u 3. l. jed. glasigoes ili glagol do koji u 3. l. jed. glasi does.
Ukoliko se glagol zavrava na ch, -sh, -x, -ss, nastavak takoe glasi es.Na primer:
He teaches (teach predavati).
She washes (wash prati).
He kisses (kiss ljubiti).
She fixes (fix popravljati).
Ako se glagol zavrava na y i ukoliko je ispred njega suglasnik y prelazi u ie. Na primer:
He cries (cry -plakati).
It flies (fly leteti).
Ako je ispred y samoglasnik, nema promene.
She plays (play igrati).
He stays (stay ostati).
Izuzetak je glagol have (imati) koji u treem licu glasi has.

Upitni oblik glagola u Present Simple Tense-u se gradi od pomonog glagola Do, odnosno Does (za tree lice
jednine) i osnovnog oblika glavnog glagola. Sva pitanja se u engleskom jeziku dele na Yes/No pitanja i Wh- pitanja.
Yes/No nemaju upitnu re i na njih se moe odgovoriti sa Da ili Ne. Wh- pitanja poinju upitnom reju a one su:
when, what, why, where, how, how much, how many...

Upitni oblik Yes/No questions

Jednina (singular) Mnoina (plural)
Do I work? Da li ja radim? Do we work? Da li mi radimo?
Do you work? Da li ti radi? Do you work? Da li vi radite?
Does he work? Da li on radi? Do they work? Da li oni rade?
Does she work? Da li ona radi?
Does it work? Da li ono radi?

Na Yes/No pitanja se odgovara kratkim odgovorima (Short answers) na sledei nain:

Do I work? Yes, I do / No, I dont
Do you work? Yes, you do / No, you dont.
Does he work? Yes, he does / No, he doesnt
Does she work? Yes, she does / No, she doesnt
Does it work? Yes, it does / No, it doesnt
Do we work? - Yes, we do / No, we dont
Do you work? Yes, you do / No, you dont
Do they work? Yes, they do/No, they dont

Upitni oblik Wh- questions

Jednina (singular)
Where do I work? Gde ja radim?
Where do you work? Gde ti radi?
Where does he work? Gde on radi?
Where does she work? Gde ona radi?
Where does it work? Gde ono radi?
Mnoina (plural)
Where do we work? Gde mi radimo?
Where do you work? Gde vi radite?
Where do they work? Gde oni rade?
Odrini oblik se gradi od odrinog obika pomonog glagola Do (odnosno Does za tree lice jednine) i osnovnog
oblika glavnog glagola.

Odrini oblik
Jednina (singular) Mnoina (plural)
I do not (don`t) work Ja ne radim We do not (don`t) work Mi ne radimo
You do not (don`t) work Ti ne radi You do not (don`t) work Vi ne radite
He does not (doesn`t) work On ne radi They do not (don`t) work Oni ne rade
She does not (doesn`t) work Ona ne radi
It does not (doesn`t) work Ono ne radi

Upotreba:
Prosto sadanje vreme se koristi za

Radnje koje se ponavljaju (navike, obiaji, rutine)

I get up at 6 o`clock. (Ja ustajem u 6 sati.)

She wears uniform at work. (Ona nosi uniformu na poslu.)
The English drink tea at 5 o`clock in the afternoon. (Englezi piju aj u 5 sati popodne.)

U ovom smislu se mogu koristiti i prilozi i fraze za uestalost (rei koje oznaavaju koliko esto se deava radnja).
To su: Always (uvek),usually (obino), often (esto), sometimes (ponekad), never (nikad), every day (svakog
dana), every month (svakog meseca), every year(svake godine) i sl. Zatim, once a year (jedanput godinje), twice a
day (dvaput dnevno), three times a week (triput nedeljno) i sl.
Prilozi always, usually, often, sometimes, never dolaze pre glavnog glagola u potvrdnom obliku. Fraze every
day, every month, twice a year... najee dolaze na kraju reenice.
I always go to school at 8 o`clock in the morning. (Ja uvek idem u kolu u 8 sati ujutru.)
She usually drinks tea in the evening. (Ona obino pije aj uvee.)
We never eat in the living room. (Mi nikad ne jedemo u dnevnoj sobi.)

Opte istine (neto to je uvek tano):

People change money in banks. (Ljudi menjaju novac u bankama.)

A day has 24 hours. (Dan ima 24 asa.)
The Earth goes around the Sun. (Zemlja se okree oko Sunca.)
The Sava flows into the Danube. (Sava se uliva u Dunav.)

Karakteristike subjekta:

He speaks English very well. (On dobro govori engleski.)

My sister plays the piano. (Moja sestra svira klavir)

THE PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE

Present Continuous Tense (Sadanje trajno vreme) se gradi od glagola TO BE u Present Simple Tense-u
(Prostom sadanjem vremenu), tj. is/am /are+ present participle (sadanji particip) glavnog glagola
Sadanji particip se gradi kada se na infinitiv doda nastavak ing:

go going
sleep sleeping
work working

Ako se glagol zavrava na jedan suglasnik ispred kojeg stoji kratak, naglaen samoglasnik, krajnji se suglasnik
ispred ing udvostruava. Npr.:

hit udariti particip: hitting

stop prestati particip: stopping
permit dopustiti particip: permitting
begin poeti particip: beginning

Krajnje l se uvek udvostruava.Npr.:

travel putovati particip: travelling

Potvrdni oblik
Jednina (singular) Mnoina (plural)
I am working Ja radim We are working Mi radimo
You sre working Ti radi You are working Vi radite
He is working On radi They are working Oni rade
She is working Ona radi
It is working Ono radi

Upitni oblik Yes/No questions

Jednina (singular)
Am I working? Da li ja radim?
Are you working? Da li ti radi?
Is he working? Da li on radi?
Is she working? Da li ona radi?
Is it working? Da li ono radi?
Mnoina (plural)
Are we working? Da li mi radimo?
Are you working? Da li vi radite?
Are they working? Da li oni rade?

Na Yes/No pitanja se odgovara kratkim odgovorima (Short answers) na sledei nain:

Am I working? Yes, I am / No, I`m not
Are you working? Yes, you are / No, you arent.
Is he working? Yes, he is / No, he isnt
Is she working? Yes, she is / No, she isnt
Is it working? Yes, it is / No, it isnt
Are we working? - Yes, we are / No, we arent
Are you working? Yes you are / No, you arent
Are they working? Yes, they are / No, they arent

Upitni oblik Wh- questions

Jednina (singular)
Where am I working? Gde ja radim?
Where are you working? Gde ti radi?
Where is he working? Gde on radi?
Where is she working? Gde ona radi?
Where is it working? Gde ono radi?
Mnoina (plural)
Where are we working? Gde mi radimo?
Where are you working? Gde vi radite?
Where are they working? Gde oni rade?

Odrini oblik Present Continuous Tense-a (Sadanjeg trajnog vremena) se gradi od odrinog oblika pomonog
glagola TO BE u sadanjem vremenu i Present Participle-a (sadanjeg participa) glavnog glagola.

Odrini oblik
Jednina (singular) Mnoina (plural)
I am not (I`m not) working Ja ne radim We are not (aren`t) working Mi ne radimo
You are not (aren`t) working Ti ne radi You are not (aren`t) working Vi ne radite
He is not (isn`t) working On ne radi They are not (aren`t) working Oni ne rade
She is not (isn`t) working Ona ne radi
It is not (isn`t) working Ono ne radi

Upotreba:
Present Continuous Tense (Sadanje trajno vreme) se koristi za:

Radnju koja se deava u trenutku govora, te se stoga uz njega esto nalaze vremenske odrednice now (sada)
i at the moment (u ovom trenutku).

She is reading a book at the moment. (Ona trenutno ita knjigu.)

Privremenu radnju

We`re living in my sister`s flat until we find a new house to buy. (ivimo u kui moje sestre dok ne naemo
novu kuu da kupimo.)

Planove vezane za budunost.

I am visiting my sister next weekend. (Sledeeg vikenda u posetiti svoju sestru.)

GLAGOLI KOJI SE NE UPOTREBLJAVAJU U PRESENT CONTINUOUS-u

Jedan broj glagola najee ne moe da bude upotrebljen u trajnim vremenima. Najvaniji od njih su: hear
uti, see videti , taste okusiti , smell mirisati, remember setiti se , understand razumeti , wish
eleti , want hteti, know znati itd.

Oni se, umesto u Present Continuous Tense-u, koriste u Present Simple Tense-u.
I hear a noise in the next room. (ujem nekakvu buku u susednoj sobi.)
Stop! Don`t you see the red light? (Stani! Zar ne vidi crveno svetlo?)
This cake tastes good. ( Ovaj kola ima dobar ukus.)
Do you remember our first dance? ( Sea li se naeg prvog plesa?)
I wish you a lot of happiness. ( elim vam mnogo sree.)
I know that you don`t understand me. (Znam da me ne razumete.)

Present Simple Tense

Tvorba

Present Simple Tense (Prosto sadanje vrijeme) tvori se od infinitiva glavnog glagola
u svim licima osim treeg lica jednine, gdje za sve tri roda (he, she, it) na infinitiv
glavnog glagola dodajemo nastavak s ili es.

Potvrdni oblik ovog vremena se gradi od infinitiva gl.glagola za sva lica jednine I
mnoine izuzev treeg lica jednine za sva tri roda,gdje na infinitive gl dodajemo
nastavak s ili es.
JEDNINA
I walk ja hodam
You walk ti hoda
He walks on hoda
She walks ona hoda
It walks ono hoda
MNOINA
We walk mi hodamo
You walk vi hodate
They walk oni,one,ona hodaju
UPITNI OBLIK
Upitni oblik tvori se od upitnog oblika prezenta pomonog glagola to do i infinitiva
glavnog glagola.
Upitni oblik se gradi od upitnog oblika sadanjeg vremena pom.gl. to do I infinitiva
gl.glagola koji stavljamo u ovo vrijeme.
JEDNINA
Do I walk ? da li ja hodam ?
Do you walk ? da li ti hoda ?
Does he walk ? da li on hoda ?
Does she walk ? da li ona hoda ?
Does it walk ? da li ono hoda ?
MNOINA
Do we walk ? da li mi hodamo ?
Do you walk ? da li vi hodate ?
Do they walk ? da li oni, one, ona hodaju ?
UPITNE RJEICE
When, Where, What time, How long, What,Why

Kada vi putujete u ameriku ?

When do you travel to America ?
U koje vrijeme ona ima sate engleskog ?
At what time does she have English classes ?
ta vi radite svako jutro ?
What do you do every moning ?

ODRICNI OBLIK
Odrini oblik tvori se od odrinog oblika prezenta pomonog glagola to do i
infinitiva glavnog glagola koji je isti za sva lica.
Odricni oblik se gradi od odricnog oblika sadanjeg vremena pom.gl to do I infinitiva
gl.glagola koji
stavljamo u ovo vrijeme I koji je isti za sva lica.
JEDNINA
I do not walk ja ne hodam
You do not walk ti ne hoda
He does not walk on ne hoda
She does not walk ona ne hoda
It does not walk ono ne hoda
MNOINA
We do not walk mi ne hodamo
You do not walk vi ne hodate
They do not walk oni,one,ona ne hodaju
PRILOZI
Uz ovo vrijeme koristimo dvije vrste priloga I to:

1. Prilozi neodreenog vremena:

Often esto
Allways uvijek
Usually obino
Sometimes ponekad
Ovi priloz stoje na poetku reenice izmeu subjekta I glagola.

2. Prilozi odreenog vremena su:

In the morning ujutro
In the afternoon popodne
In the evening uvee
On Sunday nedeljom
Ovi prilozi stoje na kraju reenice

Upotreba
Koristi se za radnju koja se desila u sadanjosti u sljedeim sluajevima.
1. Za radnju koja je trajno istinita.
I live in Konjic.
ivim u Konjicu
I go to school.
Idem u kolu.
She lives in Konjic.
Ona ivi u Konjicu.
2. Za navike.
I usually watch TV in the evening.
Obino gledam TV uveer.

3. Za radnju koja se ponavlja.

I go to cinema every night.

Idem u kino svako vee.

4. Za rasporede.

The bus leaves at 10 o'clock.

Autobus odlazi u 10 sati.

5. Za izraavanje osjeanja.

I love you.
Volim te